專題七形容詞中考考點梳理考點分類突破考點1

形容詞的句法功能(1)形容詞的用法及位置①作定語作名詞的定語時,一般置于名詞前;作復合不定代詞的定語時,位于復合不定代詞之后。Heisatallman.他是一名高個子男士。There’s

nothing

new

in

today’s

newspaper.今天的報紙上沒有什么新鮮事。②作表語放在系動詞之后,構成系表結構。The

food

smells

nice.這種食物聞起來不錯。③作賓語補足語在keep,make,leave等動詞的賓語后作賓語補足語。Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.我們應該使我們的教室保持整潔。The

mother

leaves

the

baby

alone.這位媽媽把嬰兒單獨放在一邊。(2)常見名詞變形容詞的方法名詞構成方法意義例詞表示天氣的名詞詞尾加-y多……的cloud—cloudywind—windy表示方位的名詞詞尾加-ern……方位的;朝……方的west—westerneast—eastern表示時間和稱謂的名詞詞尾加-ly每……的;……般的week—weeklyfriend—friendly表示物質的名詞詞尾加-en……制成的wood—woodengold—golden(續表)表抽象意義的名詞詞尾加-ful……的care—careful詞尾加-less無……的hope—hopeless

①少數形容詞,如live(活的),elder(年長的)等只能作定語,不能作表語。Myelderbrotheris12yearsold.我哥哥12歲。②有些形容詞在句中只能作表語,不能作定語,如afraid(害怕的),alive(活著的),awake(醒著的),alone(獨自的;單獨的),asleep(睡著的),well(健康的),sorry(難過的),ill(生病的)等。Theoldmanwasaloneathome.那位老人獨自在家里。Mymotherisill.Ihavetolookafterher.我媽媽生病了。我必須照顧她。考點2

形容詞的比較級、最高級變化規則(1)規則變化類別詞尾情況構成示例單音節詞及少數雙音節詞一般結構詞尾加-er或-esttall—taller—tallest以不發音的e結尾詞尾加-r或-stnice—nicer—nicest重讀閉音節結尾,且詞尾只有一個輔音字母先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-er或-estbig—bigger—biggesthot—hotter—hottest類別詞尾情況構成示例單音節詞及少數雙音節詞以“輔音字母＋y”結尾變y為i,再加-er或-esthappy—happier—happiestfunny—funnier—funniest多音節詞和部分雙音節詞在詞前加more或mostimportant—moreimportant—mostimportant口訣記憶形容詞比較等級的變化比較級(最高級)的變化有規律,一般詞尾-er(-est)加上去。若遇“啞e”結尾詞,直接加-r(-st)就可以。一輔重讀閉音節,末尾輔音字母需雙寫。“輔音字母＋y”詞尾現,i需把y來替換。部分雙、多音節詞,前面加more(most)記心里。最高級前面要加the,這點千萬別忘記。(2)不規則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest考點3

形容詞比較等級的用法等級結構及含義例句原級as＋原級＋as和……一樣Ithinkthisbookisasinterestingasthatone.我認為這本書和那本書一樣有趣。not＋as/so＋原級＋as不如……It’snotsohottodayasyesterday.今天不如昨天熱。less＋原級＋than不如……Thisstoryislessinterestingthanthatone.這個故事不如那個故事有趣。(續表)等級結構及含義例句比較

級比較級＋than一者比另一者……YourT-shirtisnicerthanhis.你的T恤衫比他的好看。the＋比較級,the＋比較級越……越……Thebusierweare,thehappierwewillbe.我們越忙越快樂。比較級＋and＋比較級越來越……Ourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.我們的國家正變得越來越強大。等級結構及含義例句比較級the＋比較級＋ofthetwo...兩者中較為……的一個Jackistheyoungerofthetwoboys.Jack是這兩個男孩中年齡較小的一個。比較級＋thananyother＋可數名詞單數/比較級＋thantheother＋可數名詞復數比其他任何一個都……Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.他比班里的其他任何一個男孩都高。He

is

taller

than

the

other

boys

in

his

class.他比班里的其他男孩都高。等級結構及含義例句最高級the＋形容詞最高級＋名詞＋in/of短語……中最……的一個Jimisthetallestboyofall.Jim是所有男孩中個子最高的。疑問詞＋be動詞＋the＋最高級……是最……的Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?太陽、月亮和地球哪一個最大?the＋序數詞＋最高級第幾……TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黃河是中國第二長河。等級結構及含義例句最高級oneofthe＋形容詞最高級＋可數名詞復數最……之一Shanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。

表倍數,如“一半/兩倍/三倍……”用half/twice/threetimesas...as...結構。Thischairistwiceasbigasthatone.這把椅子是那把椅子的兩倍大。

(1)修飾比較級的詞有much,even,far,alot,alittle,abit,alittlebit等,表示“……很多;甚至……”等,表程度。It’s

a

lot

larger

than

the

population

of

the

US.它比美國的人口多很多。It’s

a

little

longer

than

the

Yangtze

River.它比長江稍長一點兒。(2)形容詞的比較級有時可以和最高級進行轉化。“比較級＋thananyother＋可數名詞單數/比較級＋thantheother＋可數名詞復數”可以轉化為最高級。Wang

Wei

is

the

tallest

student

in

his

class.＝Wang

Wei

is

taller

than

any

other

student

in

his

class.＝Wang

Wei

is

taller

than

the

other

students

in

his

class.王偉是他班里最高的學生。考點4

-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞的用法(1)大多數-ing形容詞表示主動意義,多指事物對人的影響,一般修飾事物。(2)大多數-ed形容詞表示被動意義,多指人對事物的感受,主語一般是人,常用于“sb.＋be動詞＋-ed形容詞(＋介詞)”結構中。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句surprising令人驚訝的surprised感到驚訝的This

is

a

surprising

story.這是一個令人驚訝的故事。I

am

surprised

at

the

news.我對這個消息感到吃驚。(續表)-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的I

have

an

interesting

book.我有一本有趣的書。He

is

interested

in

science.他對科學感興趣。exciting令人興奮的excited感到興奮的Have

you

heard

of

the

exciting

news?你聽說這個令人興奮的消息了嗎?We

are

excited

about

the

traveling.我們對旅行感到興奮。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句boring乏味的;枯燥的bored感到乏味的The

book

is

so

boring.這本書很乏味。I

am

bored.我感到很無聊。pleasing令人愉悅的pleased滿意的;愉快的This

is

a

pleasing

trip.這是一次令人愉快的旅行。The

teacher

is

pleased

with

our

performance.老師對我們的表演很滿意。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句frightening引起恐懼的frightened害怕的This

is

a

frightening

story.這是一個令人恐懼的故事。I’m

frightened

of

walking

home

alone

in

the

dark.我害怕在黑夜獨自走路回家。moving令人感動的moved感動的Titanic

is

a

moving

film.《泰坦尼克號》是一部感人的電影。We

are

deeply

moved

by

you.我們被你深深地感動了。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句tiring令人疲倦的tired感到疲倦的It’s

a

long

tiring

day.這是又長又累的一天。I’m

too

tired.我太累了。fascinating迷人的fascinated入迷的What

a

fascinating

voice!好迷人的聲音啊!I’ve

always

been

fascinated

by

his

ideas.我總是對他的想法極感興趣。專項能力檢測Ⅰ.單項選擇1.(2022·新疆)Cindyfelt

A

?inhernewschool,soshejoinedsomeclubstomakenewfriends.

A.lonelyB.sleepyC.coldD.hungry2.(2022·天津)Travelingbytrainisslowerthanbyplane.Butit’s

C

?thanbyplane.

A.interestingB.lessinterestingC.moreinterestingD.mostinterestingA

C

3.(2022·天津)Ona

D

?day,youcanseemostofthecityfromthetopofthetower.

A.rainyB.darkC.snowyD.clear4.(2022·浙江溫州)Everybody,pleasekeep

D

?.It’snotallowedtomakeanynoiseinthereadingroom.

A.fitB.warmC.dryD.quiet5.(2022·安徽)—JimandIshare

C

?tastesandhobbies.

—Nowonderyoutakepartinlotsofmeaningfulsocialactivitiestogether.A.separateB.weakC.similarD.doubleD

D

C

6.(2022·江西)Ionlygotfourhoursofsleeplastnight,soIfeel

A

?today.

A.tiredB.lonelyC.hungryD.proud7.(2022·江蘇揚州)It’s

D

?oftheboytoleavethetaprunning.

A.endlessB.homelessC.meaninglessD.careless8.(2022·貴州銅仁)—UncleWang,couldyoutellmethesecretofyourgoodhealth?—Inmyview,

C

?vegetablesand

C

?meat.

A.less;lessB.more;moreC.more;lessD.less;moreA

D

C

C

9.(2022·四川瀘州)Withahigh-speedtrainstationbuiltinLuzhou,itismuch

A

?forustotraveltoChengdu.

A.easierB.easilierC.moreeasyD.moreeasily10.(2022·四川瀘州)Hurryup,SuMei!Thegraduationceremonybeginsinasecond.Wehave

C

?timeleft.

A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittleA

C

11.(2022·四川自貢改編)—What’sthe

C

?riverinChina?

—TheYangtzeRiver.A.longB.longerC.longestD.morelonger12.(2022·江蘇連云港)Weare

D

?thattheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworld.

A.friendlyB.braveC.nervousD.proudC

D

13.(2022·湖南懷化改編)TheairinHuaihuais

B

?thanbefore.

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well14.(2022·江蘇無錫)—Cindy,canIlookatyournotebook?Itlooksspecial.—Sorry.Iusuallywritedownsomething

D

?init.

A.perfectB.practicalC.pleasantD.privateB

D

15.(2022·湖北武漢)—Everythinghedoesis

C

?towhatisconsiderednormal.

—Althoughhelooksalittledifferent,hehasachievedalotinthemathfield.A.similarB.relativeC.oppositeD.close16.(2022·湖南岳陽改編)Withthedevelopmentof5Gtechnology,ourdailyliveshavebecome

A

?.

A.moreandmoreconvenientB.themostconvenientC.convenienterandconvenienterD.themoreconvenientC

A

17.(2022·云南)Ourschoollifehasbecome

C

?thanbeforebecauseofallkindsofafter-schoolactivities.

A.colorfulB.colorfullyC.morecolorfulD.themostcolorful18.(2022·甘肅武威)—How’sthenewrestaurant?—It’s

D

?.Wewaitedalongtimeforthefoodtoarrive.

A.wonderfulB.excitingC.difficultD.awfulC

D

19.(2022·海南改編)—Mom,Ican’ttakecareofMary.Sheiscryingallthetime.—Trytobe

A

?,Jack.Yourlittlesisterisill.

A.patientB.seriousC.excitedD.boring20.(2022·云南昆明)Theearlierwetakeactiontoprotectourenvironment,the

A

?itwillbeforourfuture.

A.betterB.bestC.worseD.worstA

A

21.(2021·江蘇揚州)Ican’tbelieveyoumadethelifelikecatoutofpaper.How

B

?youare!

A.loyalB.creativeC.helpfulD.organized22.(2021·安徽)—TheChineselanguageismoreandmorepopular.—Exactly!It’sbecominga

C

?languageskillintheinternationalcommunity.

A.similarB.difficultC.necessaryD.traditionalB

C

Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式或漢語提示完成句子。每空—詞1.(2022·江蘇宿遷改編)—ManystudentsinourclasslikeJamesbecausehenevergetsangryeasily.—Iagreewithyou.Heisvery

patient

?(patience).

2.(2022·四川眉山改編)Theyoungmanisnewhereandhehasfewfriends.Sosometimeshefeels

lonely

?(孤獨的).

3.(2022·四川眉山改編)—Congratulations!Youhavejustpassedthedrivingtest.—Wow,thankyou.Iamso

excited

?(excite)tohearthegoodnews.

4.(2022·江蘇連云港)ChecktheanswerontheInternetifyouare

unsure/uncertain

?(不確定)aboutit.

patient

lonely

excited

unsure/uncertain

5.(2022·湖北隨州改編)Heisn’t

tall

?(高的)orshort.Heisofmediumheight.

6.(2022·四川成都改編)Schooleducationofferschancesfor

personal

?(person)developmenttohelpeachofusrealizeourdream.

7.(2022·新疆)Ithinkthecaris

cheap

?(便宜的)andIcanaffordit.

8.(2022·江蘇蘇州改編)Askingquestionsisoneofthe

easiest

?(easy)waystoleadyoutoactivelearning.

9.(2022·江蘇蘇州改編)Thedoctor’sadviceonkeepinghealthyis

worth

?(值得)taking.

10.(2022·云南改編)Everyonecanbean

active

?(積極的)persontomakeourmotherlandstronger.tall

personal

cheap

easiest