Grammar&Usage詳解課件新譯林2020版

選必三Unit3Backtothepast一、價值引領，素養導向

導

1._______LucyfoundmostdifficultaboutlearningChinesewashowshecouldpronounceitright.2._______MrZhanglivesisnearaschool.3.Itishardtobelieve______theoldscientiststillworksveryhardinhiseighties.4._________hewillvisitourschoolornottomorrowisstillnotdecidedyet.What

Where

Whether

that

在復合句中作表語的從句叫做表語從句。位于主句的系動詞之后，對主語進行解釋、說明，使主語的內容具體化。表語從句須用陳述語序。e.g.Thequestioniswhobrokethevase.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.PredicativeClauses(表語從句)連系動詞狀態類:

be,seem,appear,keep,remain,stay…變化類:become,get,turn,grow,fall,come,go…感官類:look,smell,taste,sound,feel…表語從句的引導詞連接詞連詞在從句中不作成分that,whether,asif,asthough,because…連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever…連接副詞在從句中作狀語when,where,how,why…二、任務驅動，問題導學

思Task1:Readthecontentsonyourlearningsheet.Task2:underlinethepredicativeclausesTask3:findoutallthepredicativeclausesfromagivenpassageandworkouttherules.三、合作探究，展示質疑

議、展1.Whowillwintheprizeisnotknown.2.IamthinkingaboutwhetherIshouldfurthermystudy.3.Youaresayingthateverythingshouldbeequal,andthatiswhereIagree.4.Idon’tknownwhetherJackhaspassedtheexamination.5.Themeeting’sdecisionisthatallworkersshouldworkthreemorehourseveryday.6.IhavenoideawhichuniversityIshallapplyfor.7.Thathishairwasturninggrayworriedhimalot.8.Thereasonisthatheistoocareless.9.Hetalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.10.Thebesttimeofayeariswhenwearefreefromworkandhavetometorelax.議、展11.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.12.Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.13.Ihavenodoubtwhetherheisagoodperson.14.WhatIwanttoknowishowherealizedhisdream.15.Moneyiswhatwearebadlyinneedof.議、展表語從句要點歸納1.表語從句須用陳述語序。

e.g.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaristhatitcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.2.that引導表語從句時,在句中只起連接作用,不充當句子成分,無實際意義,一般不能省略。

e.g.Mypointisthatyoumayhavetofacetheproblem.3.whether引導表語從句時，起連接作用，意為“是否，到底”，在句中不作任何成分。if不能引導表語從句。

e.g.Thequestioniswhetheryourunclewillofferhelptous.4.連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等在從句中當主語、賓語、表語或定語，本身具有詞義。

e.g.Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.

that/whatwhat1)Thecityisnolonger______itwastenyearsago.2)Thefactis_____weshoulddependonourselves.thatthecitythat=

_______surprisedmemostwas_____hespokeSpanishsofluently.thatWhat5.連接副詞where,when,why,how等在從句中分別充當地點、時間、原因、方式狀語，本身具有詞義。

e.g.Thequestioniswhentheywillstarttheproject.

ThisiswhyhespokeFrenchsofunnily.

That’swherethebattletookplace.

That’showmattersstand.6.Thatisbecause...

指原因或理由；

Thatiswhy...

則指由于某種原因所造成的后果。

e.g.Brucedidnotwatchthegamelastnight.Thatwasbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.

Bobhadseenthefilmbefore.Thatwaswhyhedidnotseeityesterday.

because/whybecause1)Hefailedthemathexam.That’s__________hewastoocareless.2)Hewastoocareless.That’s______hefailedthemathexam.whyThereason_____hewasabsentfromthemeetingwas_____hefellillsuddenly.thatwhy7.需使用虛擬語氣的表語從句

在advice,suggestion,order,proposal等表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞后的表語從句中，謂語動詞需用“should+動詞原形”，should可省略。

e.g.Myadvice

isthatwe(should)learnthenewwordsfirstandthenthegrammar.asif/asthough似乎，好像

1)Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.2)Atthattime,itseemedasthoughIcouldn’tthinkoftherightword.聽上去好像有人在敲門。3)Lookatthedarkclouds.Itlooksasifthereisastormcoming.4)Itlooksasifsheweredrunk.5)Itappearsasifhehadn’tmether.當時，我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當的字眼來。（與事實相符）（與事實相反，事實是她未醉）（與事實相反，事實是他見過她）用正確的連接詞完成下面短文。Ratsliveindarkanddirtyplaces,andcanspreaddisease.Thatis1.__________lotsofpeopledislikethem.Itlooks2._______________theirvalueishardtofind—otherthanasananimalmodelforstudyinghumanillness.Butratshavemoretoshare.Thecontentsoftheirnestscanteachusaboutthepeopletheyliveamong.Afterall,wherepeoplego,ratstendtofollow.

why

asif/asthough

ColonialWilliamsburgisapopulartouristdestinationinVirginia,theUS.Manyofitsbuildingswerebuiltinthelate1700s.WhenthefirstEuropeanscametoVirginia,blackratsfollowedandbuiltnestsinthewallsofpeople'shomes.Thesenestsare3.__________historianscanfindinformationaboutearlysettlerstolearnaboutthepast.OnegoodexamplecomesfromOrrellHouse.Afamilyofratsbuiltanestbehindastaircase(樓梯)inthebuilding.where

ThatratnestremainedhiddenfromeveryoneuntilJanuary2021.That's4.__________Websterandhisteam,whohelptopreservethesebuildings,openedthestaircaseandfoundthetreasureinit.“Therewerebuttons,pins(大頭針)andlotsofthread(線),”Webstersays.“Itseems5.__________________theOrrellfamilyweretailors.”Butthenest'sobjectssaymoreaboutthefamilythantheirwork.whenthat/asif/asthoughTheyhelphistoriansfindoutwhattheearlysettlerscouldmakeandproduceforthemselves—andwhattheyhadtoimport.Thebestpartaboutratsis6.__________theytendtorangeonlyabout45metersfromtheirnest.Soanythingtheratsstolewaseitherinthehouseorveryclosetoit.Itisinterestingtothinkthattheselittlecreaturesarestealingthingsandsafeguardingthemforustofindlater.that

【注意】a.表語從句要用_______語序；b.if不用來引導表語從句，表“是否”時，用__________；c.表語從句可由asif/asthough引導。d.在表示提議、建議、命令、要求等含義的詞語后的表語從句中，謂語動詞：should+動詞原形，should可省。egMysuggestionisthathe(should)adapthimselftohisnewcondition.陳述whether

評、拓WhatdoyouknowaboutthegreathistorianSimaQian?Bornineither145or135BCE,duringChina’sHandynasty,SimaQianis“thefatherofChinesehistory”.SimaQianwroteShiJi,

orRecordsoftheGrandHistorian.Lead-inWesternscholarscanfurtherunderstandChineseculturethroughtheEnglishversionofShiji,andthepublicationoftheEnglishversioninChinacanalsoenableChinesescholarstopayattentiontothestudyoftheEnglishtranslationofShiji,thusdeepeningthecommunicationbetweenChineseandWesterncivilizations.Lead-in對......感興趣周游全國獲取廣泛的信息繼他父親之后成為太史令

方便他接觸......整理可用的資源UsefulExpressionstakeaninterestin...travelextensivelyacrossthecountrygetawiderangeofinformationsucceedhisfatherasGrandHistorianfacilitatehisaccessto...sortoutavailableresources需要艱苦的努力有效且高效地繼續某事被關進監獄身體上和精神上無論順境還是逆境UsefulExpressionsrequirepainstakingeffortseffectivelyandefficientlycarryonwith...beputinprisonphysicallyandmentallyingoodtimesorbadtimesSimaQian,oneofthegreatesthistoriansinChinesehistory,wasbornineither145or135BCE.Influencedbyhisfather,whowasalsoahistorian,SimaQiantookaninterestinhistorywhenhewasachild.HelearntChineseclassicsfromgreatliterarymasters,andattheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletogetawiderangeofinformation.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Exploringtherules議、展Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.Hisfather’sdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Afterhisfatherdied,SimaQiansucceededhisfatherasGrandHistorian,whichfacilitatedhisaccesstoofficialbooksandfiles.However,hisworkproveddifficult,becausesortingoutalltheavailableresourcesandcheckingfactsofhistoricalmaterialsrequiredpainstakingefforts.Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.議、展Ashecarriedonwithhiswork,somethingawfulhappenedtoSimaQian.Hewasputinprison,wherehesufferedalotofpainphysicallyandmentally.However,hewasnotdefeated.Heneverforgotabouthisfather’sdream,ingoodtimesorbadtimes.Aftermorethantenyearsofhardwork,theShiji(RecordsoftheGrandHistorian),hismasterpiece,wascompleted.議、展Readtheessayagainandfindthesentenceswithpredicativeclauses.Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.表語從句引導詞

ExploringtherulesHisfather’sdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.表語從句引導詞表語從句引導詞?Wecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofasentence.?Wecanusethattointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(1)_____________.Wecanusewhethertointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(2)________________.Wecanusewhat,why,when,where,etc.tointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(3)______________.statementWorkingouttherulesyes-noquestionwh-questionApplyingtherulesB1Completethesentenceswithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.1.Igotsixbooksfromthelibrary.Thequestionis_______oneIshouldreadfirst!

2.Thetruthis_______therearemanyreasonswhywarsbreakout.whichthat3.Wehavemadeitarulethatvisitorsmustnottouchthechinavases.Theproblemis_______somevisitorsdonotpayattentiontoit.that五、素養落地，感悟提升

用4.Themuseumwasclosed.Thatwas_______wecouldn’tseethehistoricaldocuments.why5.Thetwohistoriansdisagreewitheachother.Thequestionis_______itispossibletoprovewhoisright.whether6.Besideshavingthehistoryclassesatschool,wealsovisithistoricdestinations.Thatis_______welearnaboutimportanteventsinhistory.howB2BelowisanarticleaboutShiji.Completethearticlewithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.InthefirstcenturyBCE,SimaQiancompletedtheShiji,whichdescribeshistoricaleventsandfiguresfromtheeraoftheYellowEmperorinancientlegendstohisowntime.Totalingover520,000Chinesecharactersandextendingoveraperiodofabout3,000years,theShiji

consistsof130chaptersinfivecategories.Whatmakesthisbookremarkableincontentis(1)______itnotonlyincludesvividdescriptionsofhistoricalfiguressuchasemperors,thatministersorotherexceptionalfigures,butalsolistsimportanteventsindifferentperiods.Anotherthingtonoteis(2)_______itcoversadvancesinastronomy,music,thecalendarandsoon.OneofthemainfeaturesoftheShijiis(3)_______thebiographiesarepresented-intheformofstoriesratherthandryfacts.SimaQianwasabletouseasmallnumberofwordstodescribea