IntroductiontoEnglishspeakingcountries目錄IntroductionOverviewofEnglishLanguageOverviewofEnglishspeakingcounties目錄TheCultureandSocietyofEnglishSpeakingCountiesSummaryandOutlook01IntroductionThiscourseprovidesanintroductiontotheEnglishspeakingworld,includingitshistory,culture,traditions,andcurrentissuesThecoursecoversarangeoftopics,includingliterature,art,film,music,andcurrentaffairsintheEnglishspeakingworldItaimstodevelopstudents'languageskillsinlistening,speaking,reading,andwriting,aswellastheirculturalunderstandingandcommunicationabilitiesCourseIntroduction輸入標(biāo)題02010403LearningobjectivesTodevelopstudents'expertiseinEnglishlanguageskillsinlistening,speaking,reading,andwritingTofamiliarizestudentswithimportanttopicsandcurrentaffairsintheEnglishspeakingworldToimprovestudents'abilitytocommunicateeffectivelyinEnglishinbothformalandinformationsettingsToenhancestudents'understandingoftheculture,history,andtraditionsoftheEnglishspeakingworld02OverviewofEnglishLanguageTheoriginofEnglishEnglishisaWestGermanlanguagethatoriginatedintheAngloSaxonsettlementsinthe5thcenturyTheinfluenceofOldEnglishOldEnglish,orAngloSaxon,wastheearliestformofEnglishandhadaprospectiveimpactonthelanguage'svocabularyandgrammarTheNormanConquestAftertheNormanConquestin1066,FrenchbecausethelanguageoftheupperclassesandEnglishwasinfluencedbyFrenchgrammarandvocabularyTheDevelopmentofEnglishTheBritishEmpire01TheexpansionoftheBritishEmpireinthe18thand19thcenturiesledtotheglobalspreadofEnglishasalanguageoftradeandcommunicationTheUnitedStates02TheinfluenceoftheUnitedStates,specificallyafterWorldWarII,hasbeenamajorfactorintheglobalizationofEnglishGlobalization03TheprocessofglobalizationhasfurtherinfluencedtheEnglish,withmanycountriesadaptingEnglishasasecondlanguagefortradeandculturalexchangeTheGlobalSpreadandInfluenceofEnglishStandardEnglishStandardEnglishisbasedonthedialoguesofSouthernEnglandandisconsideredthemostpressingdialect,usedinformalwritingandspeakingAmericanEnglishAmericanEnglishisderivedfromtheBritishdialectsbrighttotheUnitedStatesbysettersIthasdevelopeduniquefeaturesandvocabularyBritishEnglishBritishEnglishisthestandarddialectofEnglandandisconsideredmoreformalthanotherdialectsIthasarichhistoryandcultureThemaindialoguesandvariationsofEnglish03OverviewofEnglishspeakingcounties

BritainHistoryWitharichhistorydatingbackover2000years,BritainhasbeenaculturalandpoliticalinfluenceontheworldCultureThecultureofBritainisdiverse,withinfluencesfromCeltic,Roman,AngloSaxon,andVikingheritageLanguageEnglishistheofficiallanguageofBritain,buttherearealsoWelsh,ScottishGaelic,andCornishlanguagesspokenTheUnitedStatesisavastcountrywithdiverselandscapes,fromtheRockyMountainstotheGreatLakesGeographyTheUSeconomyisthelargestintheworld,withastrongfocusontechnology,finance,andmanufacturingEconomyTheUSpopulationistechnicallydiverse,withimmigrantsfromallovertheworldcontributingtoitsculturallandscapePopulationUnitedStatesIndependentCultureCanada'sIndependentCultureisrichanddiverse,withover500FirstNationstrialsImmigrationCanadahasalonghistoryofimmigration,withpeoplefromover200countriescallingCanadahomeWildernessCanadaisfalseforitsvastwildnessarea,includingtheRockyMountainsandtheCanadianShieldCanadaAustralia'sOutbackisavastareaofdesertsandscrubbing,hometouniquewildlifeandoriginalcommunitiesOutbackAustralia'spopulationisconcentratedinurbanareas,withastrongmulticulturalmixPopulationAustralianRulesFootballandCricketarepopularsportsinAustraliaSportAustralia03EnvironmentalismNewZealandhasastrongfocusonenvironmentalprotectionandsustainability01MountainsNewZealandispopularforitsbeautifulmountainranges,includingtheSouthernAlps02CultureNewZealandcultureisinfluencedbyMāOriandPāKehā(European)HeritageNewZealand04TheCultureandSocietyofEnglishSpeakingCounties123InEnglishspeakingcounties,thefamilyunitholdsastrongvalue,andtraditionalnuclearfamiliesarecommonFamilyvaluesHuggingandhandshakearecommongreetings,andetiquettedifferencesdependonthesituationandthecountryGreetingsandEtiquetteChristianisthemaindependenceinmostEnglishspeakingcountries,butotherfaithsarealsopracticedReligionCulturaltraditionsandcustomsEducationsystemTheeducationsysteminEnglishspeakingcountriesistypicallybasedontheBritisheducationsystem,withprimaryandsecondaryeducationfollowedbyhighereducationAcademicenvironmentTheacademicenvironmentinEnglishspeakingcountriesiscompetitive,andstudentsareexpectedtoworkhardandachievegoodgradesEducationcostsPrivateeducationisoftenexpensive,buttherearegovernmentsubsidiesforpubliceducationEducationsystemandacademicenvironmentGenderequalityAlthoughsomeprogresshasbeenmade,genderequalityremainsachallengeinmanyEnglishspeakingcountriesSocialdiscriminationSocialdiscriminationisaseriesissueinsomeEnglishspeakingcountries,affectingpeopleofcolorandethicalminoritiesHealthcareThehealthcaresystemsinEnglishspeakingcountriesaregenerallywelldeveloped,butaccesstohealthcareservicescanvarydependingonthecountryandindividual'scirclesSocialissuesandchallenges