重金屬污染土壤植物修復研究進展一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著工業化和城市化的快速發展，重金屬污染問題日益嚴重，尤其是重金屬在土壤中的積累，不僅破壞了土壤生態，還威脅到人類健康和食品安全。因此，重金屬污染土壤修復技術的研究與應用成為環境科學領域的熱點課題。在眾多修復技術中，植物修復因其環境友好、成本低廉、可持續性強等優點而備受關注。本文旨在綜述近年來重金屬污染土壤植物修復技術的研究進展，包括植物修復的原理、方法、優勢及挑戰，以期為重金屬污染土壤的有效修復提供理論依據和技術支持。Withtherapiddevelopmentofindustrializationandurbanization,theproblemofheavymetalpollutionisbecomingincreasinglyserious,especiallytheaccumulationofheavymetalsinsoil,whichnotonlydamagessoilecology,butalsothreatenshumanhealthandfoodsafety.Therefore,theresearchandapplicationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilremediationtechnologyhasbecomeahottopicinthefieldofenvironmentalscience.Amongnumerousremediationtechnologies,plantremediationhasattractedmuchattentionduetoitsadvantagessuchasenvironmentalfriendliness,lowcost,andstrongsustainability.Thisarticleaimstoreviewtheresearchprogressofphytoremediationtechnologyforheavymetalcontaminatedsoilinrecentyears,includingtheprinciples,methods,advantages,andchallengesofphytoremediation,inordertoprovidetheoreticalbasisandtechnicalsupportforeffectiveremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil.二、植物修復技術的原理Theprincipleofplantrestorationtechnology植物修復技術是一種基于植物的生長代謝過程，將重金屬離子從污染土壤中吸收、轉化、固定或提取出來的環境修復方法。其原理主要包括以下幾個方面：Plantremediationtechnologyisanenvironmentalremediationmethodbasedonthegrowthandmetabolismprocessofplants,whichabsorbs,transforms,fixesorextractsheavymetalionsfrompollutedsoil.Theprinciplemainlyincludesthefollowingaspects:植物吸收與轉運：植物通過根部吸收土壤中的重金屬離子，然后將其轉運至地上部分。這一過程中，植物根系表面的離子交換、絡合反應以及主動轉運機制等都起到關鍵作用。一些特定植物種類，如超富集植物，具有更高的重金屬吸收和轉運能力。Plantabsorptionandtransport:Plantsabsorbheavymetalionsfromthesoilthroughtheirrootsandthentransportthemtotheabovegroundparts.Duringthisprocess,ionexchange,chelationreactions,andactivetransportmechanismsonthesurfaceofplantrootsplayacrucialrole.Somespecificplantspecies,suchashyperaccumulatingplants,havehigherabilitytoabsorbandtransportheavymetals.植物固定：植物通過根際分泌物改變土壤pH、氧化還原電位等理化性質，影響重金屬的形態和生物有效性。同時，植物根系與土壤微生物的相互作用也能促進重金屬的沉淀和固定，降低其在環境中的遷移性和生物可利用性。Plantfixation:PlantschangesoilpH,redoxpotential,andotherphysicochemicalpropertiesthroughrhizospheresecretions,affectingtheformandbioavailabilityofheavymetals.Meanwhile,theinteractionbetweenplantrootsandsoilmicroorganismscanalsopromotetheprecipitationandfixationofheavymetals,reducingtheirmigrationandbioavailabilityintheenvironment.植物提取：通過種植收獲植物地上部分，將重金屬從土壤中移除。這一方法適用于重金屬含量較高的污染土壤，但需要連續種植多年才能達到顯著的修復效果。Plantextraction:Byplantingandharvestingtheabovegroundpartsofplants,heavymetalsareremovedfromthesoil.Thismethodissuitableforpollutedsoilwithhighheavymetalcontent,butitrequirescontinuouscultivationformanyyearstoachievesignificantremediationeffects.植物揮發：某些重金屬元素（如硒、汞等）在植物體內可被轉化為揮發性化合物，通過植物葉片揮發到大氣中，從而降低土壤中重金屬的含量。Plantvolatilization:Certainheavymetalelements(suchasselenium,mercury,etc.)canbeconvertedintovolatilecompoundsintheplantbody,whichcanbevolatilizedintotheatmospherethroughplantleaves,therebyreducingthecontentofheavymetalsinthesoil.植物修復技術以其環境友好、成本低廉、可持續性強等優點，在重金屬污染土壤修復領域展現出廣闊的應用前景。然而，該技術也面臨一些挑戰，如超富集植物的篩選與培育、重金屬在植物體內的積累和轉運機制、以及修復過程中可能產生的二次污染等。因此，未來研究應關注如何提高植物修復效率、減少環境風險，并推動該技術在實際應用中的規模化與標準化。Plantremediationtechnologyhasshownbroadapplicationprospectsinthefieldofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilremediationduetoitsadvantagesofenvironmentalfriendliness,lowcost,andstrongsustainability.However,thistechnologyalsofacessomechallenges,suchasscreeningandcultivationofhighlyenrichedplants,accumulationandtransportmechanismsofheavymetalsinplants,andpotentialsecondarypollutionduringremediationprocesses.Therefore,futureresearchshouldfocusonhowtoimproveplantremediationefficiency,reduceenvironmentalrisks,andpromotethescalingandstandardizationofthistechnologyinpracticalapplications.三、植物修復技術類型Typesofphytoremediationtechnologies植物修復技術，作為一種綠色、環保的修復方法，近年來在重金屬污染土壤修復領域受到了廣泛關注。該技術主要利用植物對重金屬的吸收、轉化和固定能力，達到降低或消除土壤中重金屬污染的目的。根據植物修復機制的不同，可以將植物修復技術分為以下幾種類型。Plantremediationtechnology,asagreenandenvironmentallyfriendlyremediationmethod,hasreceivedwidespreadattentioninthefieldofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilremediationinrecentyears.Thistechnologymainlyutilizestheabsorption,transformation,andfixationabilityofplantstoheavymetals,achievingthegoalofreducingoreliminatingheavymetalpollutioninsoil.Accordingtothedifferentmechanismsofplantremediation,plantremediationtechniquescanbedividedintothefollowingtypes.植物提取：植物提取是最直接的重金屬去除方式。通過種植特定的超積累植物，如某些草本植物、灌木或樹木，能夠吸收并積累大量的重金屬元素。隨后，通過收割植物地上部分，將重金屬從土壤中移除。這一過程關鍵在于尋找或培育具有強重金屬耐受性和積累能力的植物品種。Plantextraction:Plantextractionisthemostdirectwaytoremoveheavymetals.Byplantingspecifichyperaccumulatingplants,suchascertainherbaceousplants,shrubs,ortrees,alargeamountofheavymetalelementscanbeabsorbedandaccumulated.Subsequently,heavymetalswereremovedfromthesoilbyharvestingtheabovegroundpartsoftheplants.Thekeytothisprocessliesinfindingorcultivatingplantvarietieswithstrongheavymetaltoleranceandaccumulationability.植物穩定：植物穩定技術主要利用植物的根系分泌物和根際微生物活動，改變土壤中的重金屬形態，使其從生物可利用態轉變為生物不可利用態。這樣一來，雖然重金屬總量并未減少，但其對環境和生物的毒害作用大大降低。這一方法適用于那些不易被植物吸收或移除的重金屬，如鉻和鉛。Plantstability:Plantstabilitytechnologymainlyutilizestherootexudatesandrhizospheremicrobialactivityofplantstochangetheformofheavymetalsinsoil,transformingthemfrombioavailabletobioavailable.Inthisway,althoughthetotalamountofheavymetalshasnotdecreased,theirtoxiceffectsontheenvironmentandorganismsaregreatlyreduced.Thismethodisapplicabletoheavymetalsthatarenoteasilyabsorbedorremovedbyplants,suchaschromiumandlead.植物揮發：植物揮發是通過植物將土壤中的某些重金屬轉化為揮發性物質并釋放到大氣中的過程。這通常涉及重金屬的甲基化或其他生物化學反應。盡管這種方法可以有效地將重金屬從土壤中去除，但釋放到大氣中的揮發性物質可能對環境造成二次污染，因此其應用受到一定限制。Plantvolatilization:Plantvolatilizationistheprocessbywhichplantsconvertcertainheavymetalsinthesoilintovolatilesubstancesandreleasethemintotheatmosphere.Thisusuallyinvolvesmethylationorotherbiochemicalreactionsofheavymetals.Althoughthismethodcaneffectivelyremoveheavymetalsfromsoil,thevolatilesubstancesreleasedintotheatmospheremaycausesecondarypollutiontotheenvironment,soitsapplicationislimitedtosomeextent.植物過濾：植物過濾主要用于處理受重金屬污染的水體，尤其是徑流和滲濾液。通過模擬自然濕地系統，利用植物和微生物的聯合作用，去除或降低水體中的重金屬含量。這一方法對于水體凈化和防止重金屬進一步污染土壤具有重要意義。Plantfiltration:Plantfiltrationismainlyusedtotreatwaterbodiescontaminatedwithheavymetals,especiallyrunoffandleachate.Bysimulatingnaturalwetlandsystemsandutilizingthecombinedeffectsofplantsandmicroorganisms,heavymetalcontentinwatercanberemovedorreduced.Thismethodisofgreatsignificanceforwaterpurificationandpreventingfurtherheavymetalpollutionofsoil.不同類型的植物修復技術在重金屬污染土壤修復中各有其優缺點。實際應用時，需根據土壤污染程度、重金屬種類、環境條件等因素綜合考慮，選擇最合適的植物修復策略。為提高修復效率和環境效益，還應注重植物品種的篩選和優化，以及與其他環境修復技術的集成使用。Differenttypesofplantremediationtechnologieshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantagesintheremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil.Inpracticalapplication,itisnecessarytocomprehensivelyconsiderfactorssuchassoilpollutionlevel,heavymetaltypes,andenvironmentalconditionstoselectthemostsuitableplantremediationstrategy.Toimproverestorationefficiencyandenvironmentalbenefits,attentionshouldalsobepaidtothescreeningandoptimizationofplantvarieties,aswellastheintegrationandusewithotherenvironmentalrestorationtechnologies.四、影響植物修復效果的因素Factorsaffectingtheeffectivenessofplantremediation植物修復重金屬污染土壤的效果受到多種因素的影響，包括土壤性質、重金屬種類和濃度、植物種類以及環境因素等。Theeffectivenessofplantremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilisinfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingsoilproperties,typesandconcentrationsofheavymetals,plantspecies,andenvironmentalfactors.土壤性質是決定植物修復效果的關鍵因素之一。土壤pH值、有機質含量、土壤類型等都會影響重金屬的生物有效性。例如，土壤pH值的變化可以影響重金屬的溶解度和植物對其的吸收能力。有機質含量高的土壤通常能夠提供更多的絡合位點，從而減少重金屬的毒性。Soilpropertiesareoneofthekeyfactorsdeterminingtheeffectivenessofplantremediation.ThesoilpHvalue,organicmattercontent,andsoiltypeallaffectthebioavailabilityofheavymetals.Forexample,changesinsoilpHcanaffectthesolubilityofheavymetalsandtheabsorptioncapacityofplants.Soilswithhighorganicmattercontenttypicallyprovidemorecomplexsites,therebyreducingthetoxicityofheavymetals.重金屬的種類和濃度也會影響植物修復的效果。不同的重金屬在土壤中的遷移轉化能力、生物有效性以及毒性等方面存在差異。例如，一些重金屬如銅、鋅在適量濃度下對植物生長有促進作用，但濃度過高時則會產生毒性。多種重金屬共存時還可能發生相互作用，影響植物對它們的吸收和轉運。Thetypesandconcentrationsofheavymetalscanalsoaffecttheeffectivenessofplantremediation.Therearedifferencesinthemigrationandtransformationability,bioavailability,andtoxicityofdifferentheavymetalsinsoil.Forexample,someheavymetalssuchascopperandzinchaveapromotingeffectonplantgrowthatappropriateconcentrations,butwhentheconcentrationistoohigh,theycanproducetoxicity.Whenmultipleheavymetalscoexist,interactionsmayalsooccur,affectingtheabsorptionandtransportofthembyplants.植物種類是另一個重要的影響因素。不同植物對重金屬的耐受性、吸收和轉運能力存在顯著差異。一些植物如超富集植物能夠在重金屬污染土壤中生長良好，并大量吸收和積累重金屬。因此，選擇適合的植物種類是提高植物修復效果的關鍵。Plantspeciesareanotherimportantinfluencingfactor.Therearesignificantdifferencesinthetolerance,absorption,andtransportcapacityofheavymetalsamongdifferentplants.Someplants,suchashyperaccumulatingplants,cangrowwellinheavymetalpollutedsoilandabsorbandaccumulatealargeamountofheavymetals.Therefore,selectingsuitableplantspeciesisthekeytoimprovingtheeffectivenessofplantremediation.環境因素如溫度、光照、水分等也會影響植物修復的效果。這些環境因素不僅影響植物的生長和發育，還會影響植物對重金屬的吸收、轉運和積累過程。例如，高溫和干旱條件下植物的生長受到一定限制，可能會影響其對重金屬的吸收和轉運能力。Environmentalfactorssuchastemperature,light,andmoisturecanalsoaffecttheeffectivenessofplantremediation.Theseenvironmentalfactorsnotonlyaffectthegrowthanddevelopmentofplants,butalsoaffecttheabsorption,transportation,andaccumulationofheavymetalsbyplants.Forexample,underhightemperatureanddroughtconditions,thegrowthofplantsisrestrictedtosomeextent,whichmayaffecttheirabilitytoabsorbandtransportheavymetals.影響植物修復重金屬污染土壤效果的因素眾多，需要綜合考慮土壤性質、重金屬種類和濃度、植物種類以及環境因素等多個方面的因素。為了提高植物修復的效果，需要深入研究這些因素的作用機制，并篩選出適合當地土壤和重金屬污染狀況的植物種類。還需要采取適當的農業管理措施，如調節土壤pH值、增加有機質含量等，以改善土壤環境，提高植物修復的效果。Therearemanyfactorsthataffecttheeffectivenessofplantremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil,anditisnecessarytocomprehensivelyconsidermultiplefactorssuchassoilproperties,typesandconcentrationsofheavymetals,plantspecies,andenvironmentalfactors.Inordertoimprovetheeffectivenessofplantremediation,itisnecessarytoconductin-depthresearchonthemechanismsofthesefactorsandscreenoutplantspeciesthataresuitableforlocalsoilandheavymetalpollutionconditions.Appropriateagriculturalmanagementmeasuresneedtobetaken,suchasadjustingsoilpHandincreasingorganicmattercontent,toimprovethesoilenvironmentandenhancetheeffectivenessofplantremediation.五、植物修復技術的研究進展Researchprogressinplantremediationtechnology植物修復技術，作為一種環境友好的重金屬污染土壤修復方法，近年來得到了廣泛的關注和研究。植物通過吸收、揮發、根際過濾和穩定化等方式，能夠有效降低土壤中重金屬的含量，從而減輕其對生態環境和人體健康的危害。Plantremediationtechnology,asanenvironmentallyfriendlymethodforremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil,hasreceivedwidespreadattentionandresearchinrecentyears.Plantscaneffectivelyreducethecontentofheavymetalsinsoilthroughabsorption,volatilization,rhizospherefiltration,andstabilization,therebyreducingtheirharmtotheecologicalenvironmentandhumanhealth.在植物修復技術的研究進展方面，首先表現在植物種類的篩選上。研究者們通過大量的實驗和觀察，篩選出了一些對重金屬具有較強耐受和富集能力的植物種類，如超富集植物（Hyperaccumulator）。這些植物能夠在重金屬污染的土壤中正常生長，并且將重金屬元素吸收并儲存在體內，從而降低土壤中的重金屬含量。Intermsofresearchprogressinplantremediationtechnology,thefirstmanifestationisintheselectionofplantspecies.Researchershavescreenedoutsomeplantspecieswithstrongtoleranceandenrichmentabilitytoheavymetalsthroughextensiveexperimentsandobservations,suchashyperaccumulators.Theseplantscangrownormallyinheavymetalpollutedsoilandabsorbandstoreheavymetalelementsinthebody,therebyreducingtheheavymetalcontentinthesoil.植物修復技術的研究還體現在對植物吸收重金屬機理的深入探究上。研究者們通過分子生物學、生理生態學等手段，揭示了植物吸收、轉運和儲存重金屬的分子機制和生理過程，為植物修復技術的優化和應用提供了理論依據。Theresearchonplantremediationtechnologyisalsoreflectedinthein-depthexplorationofthemechanismofplantabsorptionofheavymetals.Researchershaverevealedthemolecularmechanismsandphysiologicalprocessesbywhichplantsabsorb,transport,andstoreheavymetalsthroughmolecularbiology,physiologicalecology,andothermeans,providingatheoreticalbasisfortheoptimizationandapplicationofplantremediationtechnology.為了提高植物修復的效率，研究者們還開展了多種植物修復技術的集成和優化研究。例如，將植物修復技術與微生物修復技術相結合，利用微生物的代謝活動促進植物對重金屬的吸收和轉化；或者通過基因工程技術改良植物，使其具有更強的重金屬耐受和富集能力。這些集成和優化技術的研發，為植物修復技術在實際應用中的推廣提供了有力支持。Inordertoimprovetheefficiencyofplantremediation,researchershavealsoconductedintegratedandoptimizedresearchonvariousplantremediationtechnologies.Forexample,combiningplantremediationtechnologywithmicrobialremediationtechnology,utilizingmicrobialmetabolicactivitiestopromoteplantabsorptionandtransformationofheavymetals;Alternatively,geneticengineeringtechniquescanbeusedtoimproveplantstoenhancetheirabilitytotolerateandaccumulateheavymetals.Thedevelopmentoftheseintegratedandoptimizedtechnologiesprovidesstrongsupportforthepromotionofplantremediationtechnologyinpracticalapplications.然而，盡管植物修復技術在重金屬污染土壤修復方面取得了顯著的進展，但仍存在一些問題和挑戰。例如，植物修復過程通常較為緩慢，需要較長的時間才能達到理想的修復效果；不同植物對重金屬的耐受和富集能力差異較大，需要根據具體的污染情況和修復目標選擇合適的植物種類。因此，未來的研究應進一步關注如何提高植物修復技術的效率和穩定性，以及如何在實際應用中更好地解決這些技術和環境問題。However,althoughplantremediationtechnologyhasmadesignificantprogressintheremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil,therearestillsomeproblemsandchallenges.Forexample,theprocessofplantrestorationisusuallyslowandtakesalongtimetoachievethedesiredrestorationeffect;Therearesignificantdifferencesinthetoleranceandenrichmentabilityofdifferentplantstoheavymetals,anditisnecessarytochooseappropriateplantspeciesbasedonspecificpollutionsituationsandremediationgoals.Therefore,futureresearchshouldfurtherfocusonhowtoimprovetheefficiencyandstabilityofphytoremediationtechniques,aswellashowtobetteraddressthesetechnicalandenvironmentalissuesinpracticalapplications.植物修復技術在重金屬污染土壤修復方面具有良好的應用前景和廣闊的研究空間。隨著科學技術的不斷進步和環境保護需求的日益增強，相信植物修復技術將在未來的重金屬污染土壤修復中發揮更加重要的作用。Plantremediationtechnologyhasgoodapplicationprospectsandbroadresearchspaceintheremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil.Withthecontinuousprogressofscienceandtechnologyandtheincreasingdemandforenvironmentalprotection,itisbelievedthatplantremediationtechnologywillplayamoreimportantroleintheremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilinthefuture.六、植物修復技術的應用前景與挑戰Theapplicationprospectsandchallengesofphytoremediationtechnology植物修復技術作為一種綠色、環保的土壤重金屬污染修復手段，在近年來受到了廣泛的關注和研究。其利用植物對重金屬的吸收、轉化和固定能力，不僅可以有效地降低土壤中重金屬的含量，還能夠在一定程度上改善土壤生態環境，具有廣闊的應用前景。Plantremediationtechnology,asagreenandenvironmentallyfriendlymethodforsoilheavymetalpollutionremediation,hasreceivedwidespreadattentionandresearchinrecentyears.Itutilizestheabsorption,transformation,andfixationabilityofplantstoheavymetals,whichcannotonlyeffectivelyreducethecontentofheavymetalsinsoil,butalsoimprovethesoilecologicalenvironmenttoacertainextent,andhasbroadapplicationprospects.生態修復與農業利用：植物修復技術有助于恢復受污染土地的生態功能，提高土地利用率。在重金屬污染程度較輕的地區，經過植物修復后的土地可以重新用于農業種植，提高農產品的產量和質量。Ecologicalrestorationandagriculturalutilization:Plantrestorationtechnologyhelpstorestoretheecologicalfunctionofpollutedlandandimprovelandutilizationefficiency.Inareaswithlessheavymetalpollution,landthathasundergonephytoremediationcanbereusedforagriculturalcultivation,improvingtheyieldandqualityofagriculturalproducts.景觀設計與生態旅游：結合植物修復技術，可以在重金屬污染區域打造具有生態特色的景觀，吸引游客，發展生態旅游，促進地區經濟發展。Landscapedesignandecotourism:Combiningplantrestorationtechnologycancreateecologicallydistinctivelandscapesinheavymetalpollutedareas,attracttourists,developecotourism,andpromoteregionaleconomicdevelopment.資源化與能源化利用：部分重金屬在植物體內具有一定的積累能力，可以通過收獲植物體來實現重金屬的資源化利用。同時，植物殘體還可以作為生物質能源進行利用，實現能源的可持續利用。Resourceandenergyutilization:Someheavymetalshaveacertainaccumulationabilityintheplantbody,andcanbeutilizedasresourcesbyharvestingtheplantbody.Meanwhile,plantresiduescanalsobeutilizedasbiomassenergytoachievesustainableenergyutilization.修復周期長：植物修復技術通常需要較長的時間才能達到顯著的修復效果，這對于急需修復的土地來說是一個巨大的挑戰。Longrestorationcycle:Plantrestorationtechnologyusuallytakesalongtimetoachievesignificantrestorationeffects,whichisahugechallengeforurgentlyneededlandrestoration.植物種類選擇：不同植物對重金屬的吸收和轉化能力差異較大，如何選擇高效、適應性強的植物種類是植物修復技術面臨的重要問題。Plantspeciesselection:Differentplantshavesignificantdifferencesintheirabilitytoabsorbandtransformheavymetals.Choosingefficientandadaptableplantspeciesisanimportantissuefacingplantremediationtechnology.重金屬在食物鏈中的積累：部分重金屬在植物體內具有一定的積累能力，可能通過食物鏈進入人體，對人類健康造成潛在威脅。因此，在植物修復過程中需要加強對重金屬在食物鏈中遷移轉化規律的研究。Accumulationofheavymetalsinthefoodchain:Someheavymetalshaveacertainaccumulationabilityinplantsandmayenterthehumanbodythroughthefoodchain,posingapotentialthreattohumanhealth.Therefore,itisnecessarytostrengthentheresearchonthemigrationandtransformationofheavymetalsinthefoodchainduringtheprocessofplantremediation.復合污染問題：在實際應用中，土壤往往同時受到多種重金屬的復合污染。如何同時去除多種重金屬，避免它們之間的相互作用對植物修復效果產生負面影響，是植物修復技術需要解決的關鍵問題。Compositepollutionproblem:Inpracticalapplications,soilisoftensimultaneouslycontaminatedbymultipleheavymetals.Howtosimultaneouslyremovemultipleheavymetalsandavoidthenegativeimpactoftheirinteractionsontheeffectivenessofplantremediationisakeyissuethatneedstobeaddressedinplantremediationtechnology.植物修復技術在重金屬污染土壤修復中具有廣闊的應用前景，但同時也面臨著諸多挑戰。未來需要進一步加強對植物修復技術的研究和創新，提高修復效率和質量，為重金屬污染土壤的治理和生態環境的改善做出更大的貢獻。Plantremediationtechnologyhasbroadapplicationprospectsintheremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsoil,butitalsofacesmanychallenges.Inthefuture,itisnecessarytofurtherstrengthenresearchandinnovationinplantremediationtechnology,improveremediationefficiencyandquality,andmakegreatercontributionstothetreatmentofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilandtheimprovementoftheecologicalenvironment.七、結論Conclusion隨著工業化和城市化的快速發展，重金屬污染已成為全球范圍內土壤污染的主要來源之一。重金屬污染土壤不僅對生態環境構成嚴重威脅，而且通過食物鏈對人類健康產生潛在風險。因此，尋找高效、環保的土壤重金屬污染修復技術顯得尤為迫切。植物修復作為一種綠色、可持續的修復技術，近年來在重金屬污染土壤修復領域取得了顯著的研究成果。Withtherapiddevelopmentofindustrializationandurbanization,heavymetalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemainsourcesofsoilpollutiononaglobalscale.Heavymetalpollutionofsoilnotonlyposesaseriousthreattotheecologicalenvironment,butalsoposespotentialriskstohumanhealththroughthefoodchain.Therefore,itisparticularlyurgenttofindefficientandenvironmentallyfriendlysoilheavymetalpollutionremediationtechnologies.Plantremediation,asagreenandsustainableremediationtechnology,hasachievedsignificantresearchresultsinthefieldofheavymetalcontaminatedsoilrem