Unit3Fitforlife

五年高考練

I.閱讀理解

主題語境:生存與環境語篇類型:說明文建議用時：F

（2020全國IΠ,D,*）

Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccu∏?edbillionsofyearsago.As

scientistslookdeeperintoourgenes（基因），theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutioninjustthe

pastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathighaltitudes.

Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation（突變）thathelps

themdigestmilkasadults.

OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindof

adaptation-nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsia

haveevolvedintobetterdivers.TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,numberinthehundredsof

thousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhouseboats;in

recenttimes,they□vealsobuilthousesonStiItS（支柱）incoastalwaters/'Theyaresimplyastranger

totheland,,,saidRodneyC.Jubilado,aUniversityofHawaiiresearcherwhostudiestheBajau.

Dr.JubiladofirstmettheBajauwhilegrowinguponSamalIslandinthePhilippines.They

madealivingasdivers,spearfishingorharvestingshellfish∕?Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstay

underwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders,,,Dr.Jubiladosaid."Icouldseethemactuallywalking

underthesea.”

In2015,MeIissaIlardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityofCopenhagen,

heardabouttheBajau.Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtotheevolutionof

physicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforthem2）.??Itseemedliketheperfectchancefor

naturalselectiontoactonapopulation,,,saidDr.Ilardo.Shealsosaidtherewerelikelyanumberof

OthergenesthathelptheB?jaudive.

詞匯積累

!.evolutionn.進化

2.sea-dwellingadj.居住在海上的

3.divern.潛水員

4.spearfishv.用魚叉捕魚

5.harvestV捕獵（動物、魚）

6.underwateradv.在水下

l.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?

A.Environιnentaladaptationofcattleraisers.

B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.

C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin.

D.Significanceoffoodselection.

2.WheredotheBajaubuildtheirhouses?

A.Invalleys.B.Nearrivers.

C.Onthebeach.D.Offthecoast.

3.WhywastheyoungJubiladoastonishedattheBajau?

A.Theycouldwalkonstiltsallday.

B.Theyhadasuperbwayoffishing.

C.Theycouldstaylongunderwater.

D.Theylivedonbothlandandwater.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.BodiesRemodeledforaLifeatSea

B.HighlandersUSurvivalSkills

C.BasicMethodsofGeneticResearch

D.TheWorld□sBestDivers

∏?語法填空

主題語境：生態旅行語篇類型：說明文建議用時

（2021全國乙,*：）

Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact（景鄉響）traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itis

differentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome1（educate）aboutthe

areas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoney

forconservationandbenefitsthe2（develop）ofthelocalareas.

Ecotourismhas3(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnot

widelyacceptedasatravelconcept4thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmental

awarenessmadeitdesirable.

Dueto5growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

6_tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthe

followingprinciples:

?Minimizetheimpactof7(visit)theplace.

?Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.

?Provide8(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.

?Makesurethatthetourismprovidesexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.

KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofits

uniquebiodiversity.9(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠足)and

accommodationsaim10(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

詞匯積累

1.geographicaladj.地理的,地理學的

2.conservationn.保護,保存

3.conceptn.概念,觀念

4.desirableadj.值得做的

5.beclassifiedas被歸類為..

6.principlen.(行為)準則,(道德源則

7.biodiversityn.生物多樣性

8.accommodationsn.住宿用善宿

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

單元達標檢測見增分測評卷P9

答案與分層梯度式解析

Unit3Fitforlife

五年高考練

I.◎語篇解讀本文為說明文。文章通過列舉巴瑤人由于靠海為生,逐漸變得擅長潛水的事實

來說明人類的進化。

1.B推理判斷題。根據第一段第一句可知我們是進化的產物,而且不僅僅是發生在數十億年

前的進化。故選B。

2.D細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Theyhavetraditionallylivedonhouseboats...incoastal

WaterS.”可知,巴瑤人把房子建在沿海水域。故選Do

3.C細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Weweresoamazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuch

longerthanuslocalislanders”可知C項（他們可以在水下待很長時間）正確。故選Co

4.A主旨大意題。本文主要講述了巴瑤人因為靠海為生而導致基因變化,從而可以長時間潛

水。故A項（為適應海上生活而改造的身體）正確。故跡A。長難句

分析句中if引導賓語從句,that弓I導定語從句,修飾先行詞theevolutionofphysical

Characteristicse

譯文她想知道幾個世紀的潛水活動是否可能已經導致了他們身體特征的進化,從而使得這項

彳壬務對他們來說更容易O

H.◎語篇解讀這是二篇說明文。生態旅游通常被認為是到原始地區的低影響旅游,但是由于

與環境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎,各種各樣的旅行現在被歸類為生態旅游。實際上,生態旅

游必須滿足一些規定。

1.educated考查過去分詞。educate與其邏輯主語thetraveler之間是被動關系,因此用過去分

詞,becomeeducatedabout表示，對...有所了解故填educatedo

2.development考查名詞。根據空前的定冠詞the和空后的介詞Of可知,此處應填名詞作動詞

benefits的賓語。故填development,,

3.its考查代詞。設空處修飾名詞Origin,應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。