./強調句專題強調句型的基本結構是：Itis/was+被強調部分<主語、賓語、賓語補足語或狀語等>+that/who+句子的其余部分。一、連接詞。一般說來,如果被強調部分是人時,用連詞that或who；被強調的部分是賓語,指人時也可以用whom；如果被強調部分是物,只能用連詞that。ItwasJohnandMikewho/thatsawMaryinthestreetlastnight.ItisMarywhom/whoheoftenhelps.ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterday.二、時態。如果原句中謂語動詞使用的是現在X疇的時態<一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成/現在完成進行時、一般將來時、將來進行時、將來完成時等>,用Itis...that...。如果原句中謂語動詞為過去X疇的時態<一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等>,則用Itwas...that...。如：Marymetanoldbeggarinthestreetyesterday.ItwasMarywho/thatmetanoldbeggarinthestreetyesterday.<強調主語>Itwasanoldbeggarwhom/thatMarymetinthestreetyesterday.<強調賓語>ItwasyesterdaythatMarymetanoldbeggarinthestreet.<強調時間狀語>ItwasinthestreetthatMarymetanoldbeggaryesterday.<強調地點狀語>有時,be前可使用表示推測的情態動詞。如：ItmustbePeterwhohasletthissecretout.一定是彼得將這個秘密泄露出去的。Itmightbelastnightthattheydidtheirhomework.他們也許是昨晚做完作業的。三、強調含有notuntil的句子。在強調notuntil句型時,not位于until從句前,主句謂語動詞作相應變化,即itis<was>+notuntil從句+that+其它。Itwasnotuntilhehadfinishedtheworkthathewenthome.Itwasnotuntil12o’clocklastnightthatmybrothercamehome.四、強調句的疑問句。強調結構的疑問形式：強調一般疑問句中的某一成分時,要在主句中用一般疑問句的順序。例如：Wasityouthat/whobrokethewindow?Wasitinthewarthathelosthisson?強調特殊疑問句中的疑問詞,其結構模式是："疑問詞+is/was+it+that..."。它同感嘆句的強調模式極其相似,首先將疑問句開頭的部分作為強調部分,套入強調結構,然后再將其變為疑問句。例如：1.Wherewereyouborn?→Wherewasitthatyouwereborn?2.Whatdidyouwanttosee?→Whatwasitthatyouwantedtosee?3.Howmanypeoplearebeingtrainedforthespecialwork?→Howmanypeopleisitthatarebeingtrainedforthespecialwork?。五、強調句型中的主謂一致。被強調的成分為原句的主語時,that/who之后的謂語動詞應與被強調的名詞或代詞在人稱和數方面保持一致關系,從而選用恰當的動詞形式。例如：Itisyouwho/thatarewrong.ItisIwho/thatamansweringthequestion.但是如果被強調的部分是人稱代詞,按理應用人稱代詞主格形式,但在口語或非正式文體中也可以用其賓格形式,此時that/who的謂語動詞要用單數第三人稱形式is或was。例如：Itismewhoisbeingaskedthefavor.另在Itis/was...,not...that...句型中,其謂語動詞應與肯定部分的詞保持一致關系。例如：Itismybrother,notIthatstudiesinthatschool.Itisyou,notyoursisterthatareinchargeofthecompany.六、感嘆句的強調結構,既要體現強調句型的形式特征,又要體現感嘆句的自然語序。例如：1.Howhappyhelooks!→Howhappyitisthathelooks!2.Whatacleverboyheis!→Whatacleverboyitisthatheis!七、強調句型的鑒別方法與相似句型的辨析強調句型極易與定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句等相關句型混淆,判斷的方法是：強調句型中去掉Itis/was…that剩下的部分在語法和意義上仍然是一個完整的句子。如：ItwasyesterdaythatImethim.去掉句中的Itwas…that該句為：YesterdayImethim.句意和語法都非常正確,說明這是一個強調句。而其他句型則不行。[典例展示]1.Itistheabilitytodothejob________mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.〔2000全國卷〕A.one B.that C.what D.it2.Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature_______hechosethecourse.〔2006XX春季〕A.that B.what C.why D.how3.Itisthesepoisonousproducts_______cancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.〔2003XX卷〕A.who B.that C.how D.what4.Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess._______youwantmetosay?〔2004XX卷〕A.Whatisitthat B.WhatitisthatC.Howisitthat D.Howitisthat5.Itwaswithgreatjoy_______hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.〔2004XX卷>Abecause Bwhich Csince Dthat6.Anawfulaccident_______,however,occurtheotherday.<2000XX卷>A.doesB.didC.hastoD.hadto7.Itwasnotuntilshegothome_______Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.〔2006全國II卷〕

A.when B.that C.where D.before8.Itwas_______blackhomeaftertheexperiment.<2004XX卷>A.notuntilmidnightdidhego B.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewent D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo9.—________thathemanagedtogettheinformation?—Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.〔2005XX卷〕A.Wherewasit B.Whatwasit C.Howwasit D.Whywasit10.1>Itwas20yearsago________thetwofriendsmetinVietNam.2>Itwillbe20years________theymeetinVietNam.3>Itis20years________hecametolivehere.4>Itwas20years________hespentinwritingthisnovel.5>Itwasnotlong________thepeopleinAustriatookupguns.6>Itwasmidnight_______hecamebackhome.A.when B.before C.since D.That練習一：1.—Whoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare2.Itis_______heoftenfailsinexams______makeshisparentsworriedabouthim.A.what;thatB.that;whatC.that;thatD./;that3.Itistheprotectionforthetrees_______reallymatters,ratherthanhowmanytreesareplanted.A.whatB.thatC.不填D.which4.Itis_____myfatherworked_____Iworknow.A.where,thatB.where,whenC.that,whereD.that,that5.Was_____thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyou6.Itwasteno’clock_____hecamebackhome.A.whenB.thatC.sinceD.after7.Itwasnotuntilhecameback_____heknewthepolicewerelookingforhim.A.whichB.sinceC.thatD.before8.--Wherewas＿＿＿＿＿＿youpickedupthewallet﹖--Justneartheschoolgate.A.itB.itthatC.theplaceD.theplacethat9.Imustfindoutwhy＿＿＿＿＿＿somanystudentsmadethesamemistake.A.isitthatB.wasitwhichC.itiswhatD.itwasthat10.Howmanyyearsisit＿＿＿＿＿＿yoursistercametoworkhere﹖A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.until11.Isitinthefactory＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿youvisitedlastweek＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿thiskindofcarismade﹖A.／thatB.wherewhenC.wherethatD.／when12.＿＿＿＿It'salongtime＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Isawyoulast.--Yesandwhatapitysinceitwillbealongtime＿＿＿＿＿＿weseeeachotheragain.A.sincebeforeB.beforesinceC.untilafterD.afteruntil13.Itwasbecauseofbadweather＿＿＿＿＿＿thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that14.Itwashisremarks＿＿＿＿＿leftmewonderingabouthisrealpurpose.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that15.--Wasitin1969＿＿＿＿＿＿theAmericanastronautsucceeded＿＿＿＿＿＿landingonthemoon﹖Quiteright.A.whenonB.thatonC.wheninD.thatin16.Itwasnotuntil1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regularradiobroadcastsbegan.NMET95A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since17.＿＿＿＿＿＿isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.NMET95A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It18.＿＿＿＿＿wasin1979＿＿＿＿＿Igraduatedfromtheuniversity.NMET98XXA.ThatthatB.ItthatC.ThatwhenD.Itwhen19.Itwasforthisreason＿＿＿＿＿＿herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how20.Itistheprotectionforthetrees＿＿＿＿reallymattersratherthanhowmanytreesareplanted.A.whatB.thatC.／D.which14.--Wasthatthenewcomerwhowalkedby﹖＿＿＿＿＿.A.ItmustbethatB.ItmusthavebeenC.HemustbeD.Thismusthavebeen15.Ourclassroomisveryclean.Doyounowho＿＿cleanedit﹖A.wasitthatB.itwasthatC.wasitwhoD.hewas16.Nowthenchildren.It'shightimeyou＿＿＿＿＿＿anddressed.A.washedB.shouldwashC.werewashedD.arewashed17.＿＿＿＿＿thepeoplehavebecomethemasteroftheirowncountry＿＿＿＿＿＿＿sciencecanreallyservethepeople.A.Itisonlythen；thatB.Itwasthat；whenC.Itisonlywhen；thatD.Itwaswhen；then18.Itwas＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ImetMr.GreeninShanghai.A.tenyearssinceB.manyyearsagothatC.fiveyearsuntilD.Twomonthswhen練習二：1.____wasJanethatIsawinthelibrarythismorning.A.ItB.HeC.SheD.That2.whenwasityoucalledmeyesterday?A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so3.ItwasonOctober1st____newChinawasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.asD.that4.Wasitbecausehewasill____heaskedforleave?A.andB.thatC.that’sD.so5.Itisimaginationmakestheworldcolorful,fullofvigorandvitality.[2007XX春]A．whereB．whatC．thatD．when6.It_____wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks____Ifoundwehadalotincommon.[2007XX卷]A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that7.Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright______isofimportance.[2007XX卷]A.whichB.itC.thatD.this8.Itwason12May,2008______theearthquakeofWenchuancounty,Sichuanprovimcehappened.A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.when.9.ItwasAliceandherhusbandwhosavedtheoldman,_______?A.wasn’titB.wasitC.didn’ttheyD.didthey10.Whenaskedtoexplain______madehislessonssoexciting,theteachekeptsilent.A.whatitisthatB.thatwhatitisC.whatisitthatD.thatwhatisit11.Whowasit______putsomanylargestonesontheroad?A.thisB.thatC.heD.she12.Whatasillymistakeitis______you’vemade!A.itB.thisC.thatD.which13.Itwasnotuntilmidnight______thenoiseofthestreetstopped.A.thatB.thisC.sinceD.atwhich14.Was______thatImetattherailwaystationtheotherday?A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyou15.Itwaswhenshewasabouttogotobed______thetelephonerang.A.sinceB.asC.thatD.then16.ItmayhavebeenatChristmas______JohngaveMaryahandbag.A.beforeB.whoC.thatD.when17.Whywas______thattheoldwomanwassenttoprison?A.heB.itC.thatD.because18.Itwashisnervousnessintheinterview______probablylosthimthejob.A.whichB.sinceC.thatD.what19.Itwastheboy______hadbeeninprison______stolethemoney.A.who,whereB.that,howC.who,thatD.that,which20.ItmightbeI,who______causedtheaccident,who______toanswerforit.A.has,isB.have,areC.has,amD.have,am21.Itwas_____Ireachedthere_____Ibegantoknowsomethingaboutthematter.A.until,whenB.until,thatC.notuntil,thatD.notwhen,that22.Itwas_____myfatherworked_____Iworknow.A.where,thatB.where,whenC.that,whereD.that,that23.Itwasnotuntilhecameback______heknewthepolicewerelookingforhim.A.whichB.sinceC.thatD.before24.It’smorethanhalfacentury______thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasliberated.A.whenB.thatC.sinceD.after25.Itwasnot______youhadexplainedhow______Imanagedtodoit.A.for,thatB.until,thatC.for,whenD.until,when[分析診斷]1.B。首先判斷這是強調句型,強調的是主語theabilitytodothejob,所以選用that。如果原句中謂語動詞為過去X疇的時態<一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等>,則用Itwas...that...。如：2.A。這個句子稍微復雜點。Saidthat后面的是賓語從句。然后在這個從句里,有一個itis…that的強調句。整個賓語從句意思說：正是因為他對文學有濃厚的興趣,他才選擇了這個課程。3.B。本題強調主語thesepoisonousproducts.4.A。本句中強調句型對特殊疑問詞what進行強調,去掉強調句型后句子為Whatdoyouwantmetosay?我們可以看到被強調的what是say的賓語。5.D。對狀語withthisjoy進行強調。6.B。本題考查助動詞do對動詞的強調。從theotherday<那天>判斷整個句子應用過去時態,A、C兩項時態錯誤,D項不合題意,故選B,did可譯為"的確,真地"。7.B。句意：直到他到家的時候,Jennifer才意識到鑰匙丟了。until結構時用于強調句式時,要將否定詞not移到until前。8.C。本題是對強調句型與not……until從句的結合考查,把not移至被強調的部分之后,要注意把句子中的動詞用過去式。9.C。根據下文的答語afriendofhishelpedhim可知上文是強調方式狀語。10.1>D2>B3>C4>D5>B6>A先分析結構,再分析意思。謹慎試詞,防止混淆。1.句強調時間狀語,故用that；2.是It…before…句型,時間狀語從句,只用before；3.Itisaperiodoftimesince-clause是固定結構,只用since；4.是強調句型,因spend一詞為與物動詞,故需要賓語that。此例也可能是定語從句,若為定語從句則which亦可。但強調句和定語從句的意義是不同的。5是It…before…句型,時間狀語從句,只用before.6是when引導的時間狀語從句。單招賓語從句賓語從句是高考的一個熱點,也是一個難點,近幾年雖說出現的次數不多,但是不能掉以輕心。一、賓語從句可分為三類：1.由連接詞that引導的賓語從句。由連接詞that引導賓語從句時,that在句中不擔任任何成分,在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去,但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可省。例如：

HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已經告訴我他明天要去XX。

Wemustneverthink<that>wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我們決不能認為自己什么都好,別人什么都不好。

2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等關聯詞引導的賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句,應注意句子語序要用陳述語序。例如：

Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要幫助的人,她都會給予熱情的支持。

3.用whether或if引導的賓語從句,其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒,仍保持陳述句語序。例如：Idoubtwhetherourteamcanwinthematch.我懷疑我們隊能否贏這場比賽。二、賓語從句考點1.考查賓語從句的語序。賓語從句必須用自然語序,即使在疑問句中,從句也不倒裝〔而在主句上倒裝〕賓語從句的語序是陳述語序,即"連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分"。特別強調：它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述語序,而不是疑問句的倒裝結構。Canyoutellmewho<m>dowehavetosee?<╳>Canyoutellmewho<m>wehavetosee?<√>Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.<思考:what在從句中的成分>陳述句變為賓語從句時,要注意人稱和時態的變化,語序不變。例如：Shesaid,"Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk."→Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變為賓語從句時,也要注意人稱和時態的變化,后面接陳述語序。Eg."Wherearethetickets?"Iaskedhim.àIaskedhimwheretheticketsare.2.考查時態。賓語從句應同主句在謂語時態上保持一致。主句謂語是現在時,賓語從句的謂語可以是任意時態；主句謂語是過去時,賓語從句的謂語必須是過去的某種時態,〔賓語是客觀真理時則無此限制〕Ithought<that>youarefreetoday.<╳>Ithought<that>youwouldbefreetoday.<√>[注意]當賓語從句敘述的是客觀真理時,不管主句謂語的時態如何,從句都用一般現在時。例如：Theteachertoldus<that>theearthmovesaroundthesun.3.考查連接詞的選用1〕連詞that,只起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,也無詞匯意義,在口語中常被省略。Heknew<that>heshouldworkhard.2〕連詞if、whether,它們起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,作"是否"解,在口語中多用if。Tomdon’tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.一般情況下,if和whether可以互換,但以下3種情況只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.②在介詞前：Itdependson<依靠>whetheritisgoingtorain.③與ornot連用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.3〕連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,連接副詞when,where,why,how它們起連接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意義。Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.4.考查作介詞賓語從句。賓語從句除了在與物動詞后,也可以用在介詞后。Theyareworryingaboutwhethertheycangetthereintime.Youcanwriteaboutwhatevertopicyoucanthinkof.5.考查形容詞后的賓語從句。某些像glad,happy,sorry,sure,delighted,pleased等形容詞后面跟賓語從句。Areyousurewhatyouwilldonext?I'mafraidthathewillfailintheexam.7.考查不可以直接跟賓語從句的與物動詞英語中like,love,hate,dislike,dependon,seeto等動詞或短語后面不允許直接帶賓語從句,通常在這些動詞后面加it,然后帶相應的句子。如：Idon’tlikeitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.8.考查賓語從句的簡化。由特殊疑問詞引導的賓語從句,若從句的主語與主句的主語或間接賓語相一致時,可簡化為"疑問詞+不定式"結構。Idon’tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.→Idon’tknowhowtodowiththepresents.9.考查賓語從句中虛擬語氣。在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后,賓語從句常用"should+動詞原形",should也可以省略。Shesuggestedwe<should>leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperated.10.考查賓語從句的否定轉移。當主句謂語動詞為think,suppose,guess,believe,imagine,expect,consider等詞時,并且主語為第一人稱時,時態是一般現在時,從句的否定詞應轉移到主句謂語動詞上來。能夠形成否定轉移的句子,其反意疑問句的簡短問句謂語和主語形式與從句一致。Idon'tthinkIknowyou.Idon'tbelievehewillcome.專題突破Unit2賓語從句[典例展示]1.Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhen_______andseehim.〔2005卷〕A.youwillcome B.willyoucome C.youcome D.doyoucome2.Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents______alwayswherethey_______today.〔2006〕A.aren’t;are B.aren’t;were C.weren’t;are D.weren’t;were3.<XX2004>IthinkFatherwould1iketoknow_________I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidedtosendhimaquicknote.A.which B.why C.what D.how4.Pleaseremindme______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.〔2006全國卷I〕A.where B.when C.how D.what5.–Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?

–Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.〔2006全國卷II〕

A.when B.that C.how D.what6.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof______itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.〔2006XX卷〕A.if B.where C.whether D.that7.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor_______hethoughtwasnotenough．<2005XX卷>A.where B.how C.what D.which8.Marywroteanarticleon_______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.〔2005全國卷I〕A.why B.what C.who D.that9.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedb