2024年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（模擬）英語2024.3本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AEYLEAConsumerBriefSummaryThissummarycontainsriskandsafetyinformationforpatientsaboutEYLEA.Itdoesnotincludealltheinformationanddoesnottaketheplaceoftalkingtoyoureyedoctor.WhatisEYLEA?EYLEAisamedicinethatworksbyblockingvascularendothelialgrowthfactor（VEGF）,whichcancausefluidtoleakintothemacula（視網膜黃斑）.WhatisEYLEAusedfor?EYLEAisindicatedforthetreatmentofpatientswith:·MacularEdemaFollowingRetinalVeinOcclusion（RVO）·DiabeticMacularEdema（DME）·DiabeticRetinopathy（DR）HowisEYLEAgiven?EYLEAisaninjection（注射）administeredbyeyedoctorandtheinjectionsaregivenondifferentschedules.Confirmwithyourdoctorwhichscheduleisappropriate.WhatarethemostcommonsideeffectsofEYLEA?·Eyepain·Lightsensitivity·IncreasedeyerednessFormorepossiblesideeffects,askyoureyedoctor.YouareencouragedtoreportnegativesideeffectsofprescriptiondrugstotheFDA.Visit/medwatch,orcall1-800-FDA-1088.WhatshouldItellmyeyedoctorbeforereceivingEYLEA?·Infectionsinoraroundtheeye·Eyepainorredness·BeingallergictoanyingredientsinEYLEA·BeingorplanningtobepregnantWherecanIlearnmoreaboutEYLEA?ForamorecomprehensivereviewofEYLEAsafetyandriskinformation,talktoyourhealthcareproviderandseethefullinformationatEYLEA.com.1.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Eyedoctors. B.Medicinestudents.C.Drugresearchers. D.Patientswitheyeconditions.2.HowcanyoulearnmoreaboutEYLEA?A.VisitEYLEA.com. B.Call1-800-FDA-1088.C.Visit/medwatch. D.Talktoamedicalprofessor.3.Whatisthistext?A.Amedicalreport. B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Ahealthcarecontract. D.Apieceofmedicalinstructions.BWatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay,Baltimoreforgenerations.Hercommunityhasfacedenvironmentalinjustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory（呼吸的）problems.Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation’slargesttrash-burningincinerator（焚化爐）lessthanamileawayfromherhighschool,sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean,renewableenergyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceofbrain-damagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontonsofgreenhousegasesperyear,bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhercommunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.Sheco-foundedFreeYourVoice（FYV）,a10-personstudentorganizationdevotedtocommunityrightsandsocialjustice.Together,theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers,theincinerator’sdeveloper.Theywentdoor-to-doortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools（BCPS）wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergyAnswers,theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase,urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract,whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutanyfinancialgain,EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.WatfordcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardfairdevelopment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuturewhichincludesbuildingazero-wastemovement,asolarfarm,andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilytojointhefightforenvironmentaljusticebecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourabilitytotakeaction.4.WhatcausedrespiratoryproblemsinWatford’scommunity?A.Poormedicalcare. B.Terribleenvironmentalconditions.C.Constantbacterialinfection. D.Unbalanceddistributionofresources.5.WhatisWatford’sattitudetobuildingtheincinerator?A.Unfavourable. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.6.Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?A.BCPSlostfinancialsupport. B.EnergyAnswersstoppeditsplan.C.Theinvestorsfoundnewmarket. D.Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AteenageheroagainsturbanpollutionB.AteenageherofightingforanadvancedcityC.AbattleforBaltimore’sskybyateenageheroD.ThesocialjusticechallengeforateenageheroCHumansworkhardtoavoidviruses.Sickpeopleareisolated,diseasedanimalsarekilledandfieldsofinfectedcropsarefiredup.Reviving（復活）anancientviruswouldsurelybeadisaster.ButanewstudyledbyFiddamanfromOxford,challengesthisconventionalwisdom.Itshowshowtherevivalofanancientviruscanunlockthesecretsofitsevolution.ThevirusinthestudyisMarek’sdiseasevirus（MDV）,killingmorethan90%ofchickens.Yetwhenitwasdiscoveredin1907,MDVrarelycauseddeath.DrFiddamanwonderedwhetheritsnew-foundvirulence（毒性）wasaresultoflargestructuralchanges.Tofindout,heandhiscolleaguesgottheirhandsonnearly1,000chickenbonesfromancienttimesacrossEuropeandAsia,someofthemupto2000yearsold.SectionsofDNAfromtheseremainsweremappedontotheonesoftoday’svirus.AstheauthorspiecedtogetherthesetsofgenesofancientMDV,however,theynoticedthatthegeneswerearrangedidenticallytothoseinmodernspecies.Itsuggeststhattheincreasedvirulenceresultednotfromlargestructuralchanges,butfrompointmutations（突變）.Inparticular,changeshadoccurredinthearrangementofagenecalledMEQ,whichhasanessentialroleintumour（腫瘤）formation.ThisdiscoverysuggeststhattheancientMDVmaynothavebeenabletocausetumours.Totestthisassumption,DrFiddamanfollowedupwithadaringexperiment.HemadetheancientformoftheMEQgeneandshootitintolivingchickencells.Itdidnotturnonanyofthegenesassociatedwithtumourformation.Incomparison,amodernMEQgenequicklyshoweditstendencytocausetumours.Bycombiningancientandmoderngeneticbiology,themethodspioneeredinthepaperrevealhow,andmoreimportantlywhy,anyvirusmutates.Thatcouldhelpscientiststackleothervirusesthatpullonthepurse-stringsoffarmers—bydesigningnewvaccines（疫苗）,forinstance—oreventoworkouthowtopreventanotherglobalpandemic.8.Whatiswidelyacknowledgedabouttherevivalofanancientvirus?A.Itisachallengingtask. B.Itrevealsthevirusevolution.C.Itmeansadisasterforhumans. D.Ithelpspeoplefightdiseases.9.WhatcausedthevirulencechangeofMDV?A.PointmutationsinMEQ. B.Theoccurranceofanewgene.C.ThereproductionoftheancientMDV. D.Largestructuralchangesinmodernspecies.10.HowdidDrFiddamantesttheassumption?A.Byinvestigatingatypicalcase. B.Byconductingafieldsurvey.C.Bystudyingtherelatedtheories. D.Bydoingacomparativeexperiment.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Virusesweakengraduallywhentheymutate.B.Thefindingthrowslightonhandlingotherviruses.C.Aglobalpandemicrequiresaworldefforttoendit.D.Farmerswillfacemorecomplexchallengesthanbefore.DWhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedTheMountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohissubjects—aUgandangroupcalledtheIk—as“thelovelesspeople.”Aftertwoyearsofobservations,hedecidedthattheyreflectedhumanity’sbasicinstincts（本能）:cheat,thievery,andpitilessness.ButwhenAthenaAktipisandhercolleaguesfromtheHumanGenerosityProjecttookadeeperlook,theyidentifiedacommunitythatsharedeverything.“TurnbullhadvisitedUgandaduringadisastrousfamine（饑荒）.Allhesawiswhathappenswhenpeoplearestarving.”saysAktipis.Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplacedahighvalueonhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.Aktipisbelievesthataltruismismorecommonandbeneficialthanevolutionarysocialsciencehaslongthought.“Itwasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelpthemselvesortheirrelatives.”shesays.Bystudyingtheunique,selflesspracticesthathelpedninecommunitiesacrosstheworldtocontinuetoexist,theexpertsfromtheProjectarelookingtoshowthatweareindeedcapableofwidespreadcooperation.TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheproject’smainpoints.Theyrelyontwo-wayfriendshipsforresourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey’reinneed,withoutexpectinganyrepayment.Also,aworldaway,inNewMexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportinreturn,theywillassistwithoutrepaymentifsomeonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofalovedone.Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe’sperfectedthroughstudyingthesegroupscanapplybroadlytoanyinterdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthatsupporteveryone.Takemarket-basedinsuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample:It’spricedbasedonindividualriskfactorssuchashealthhistoriesandwherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan’taffordit.Butinasystembuiltonneighboring,pooledcosts（合并成本）wouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplikenaturaldisastersandpandemics.12.WhatdidTurnbullthinkoftheIkpeople?A.Heartless. B.Helpful. C.Restless. D.Generous.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruism”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.B.Makingfulluseofthesurroundingresources.C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.14.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoconvey?A.Friendshipsguaranteeawell-beinglife. B.Folksassisteachothertogetsupport.C.Cooperationisagoodandnaturalinstinct. D.Peopletendtoprovideresourcesforfree.15.HowdoesAktipisintendtoapplyherfindings?A.Bydesigningapolicyforpublichealth.B.Bymonitoringindividualhealthhistories.C.Bycreatingasystemagainstcollectivehardship.D.Byloweringinsurancepricesforindividualvictims.第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MarkCovington,founderoftheGeorgiaStreetCommunityCollectiveinDetroit,standsinacornerofhisurbanfarm,breathingthefreshairintheearlymorning.16Earlyintheday,thegreencropsgivinglifetotomatoes,cabbages,eggplants,andmorearebathedingold,asifbeingwateredbythesun.Thesoundsofdogs,pigs,roosters,andagroupofstirringbeesdrownoutthesoundsofthecity.In2007,Covingtonlosthisjobandreturnedtohischildhoodstreet.17“Itwasdirty,”hesaid.“Therewerealwaysvacantlots,buttheyhadalwaysbeenmaintainedforchildrentoplayon.”Heknewthatifhejustcleanedthemup,peoplewouldpileonthemagain.18Covingtonstartedwithasmallcommunitygarden.19Onemothersentthreechildrentohelphimbuildalargergardenwherethekidscouldgrowfood,staybusyduringthesummerandaddstructuretotheirlives.Littlebylittletheseedstookroot,asthehandsonthegardenthatwouldevolveintoafarmmultiplied.20Ononecorner:amoviescreenandapublicgardenwithvegetableandflowerbeds.Onanother:afarmandacommunitycenterinabuilding.Nearbyaregarlicbedsandagreenhouse.“It’ssomewhatspiritualforme,”Covingtonsays.“It’slikeasanctuary（圣殿）.Peoplecomehereanddon’twanttoleave.”A.Butifheplantedstuff,theymightnot.B.It’satypicalmorningsceneatthecollective.C.Hesawgarbagepiledhighinvacant,abandonedlots.D.Covingtonmadethegardenalittlebiggertoplantmore.E.Andalmostimmediatelyneighborsbeganaskingtoparticipate.F.Heplantedagardentohelpfeedresidentsandenrichtheirlives.G.Whatbeganasanefforttoremovetrashhasturnedintoasiteofcommunity.第二部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Whateverthepatient’sageordisease,ahospitalstaycanbestressful,especiallyforkids.EffortslikeElla’sarea（an）21spotduringatoughtime.Itbeganin2018,whenEllacelebratedherbirthdayina22way—agiftdrive.Sincethen,ithas23eachyearinearlyOctober,afewweeksbeforeherbirthday.Alongwitha（an）24toherparty,Ella’sfriendsgetalistofgiftideasforkidsatthehospital.Fortheyoungest25,giftsmightincludebuildingblocksorstuffedtoys.Thenit’stimetosharethegifts.“Seeingotherpeople’s26—that’sallthatmatterstome,”Ellasays.Afterthefirstround,thenumberofdonations27everyyear.Butshedoesn’tkeepanexactcount.28,shejudgesbysight.“Wemeasurehowmuchofthecarpetitcoversinourlivingroom,”Ellasays.“Lastyear,it29theentirecarpet.”Allison,workingatBrighamChildren’sHospital,hasseenfirsthandthe30ofElla’sgift-giving.“Sheputssmileonthefacesoftheselittlepatientsinourhospital,”Allisonsays.“Theyareallamazedather31atsuchayoungage.”Ella’s32tohelpkidsinthehospitalhaveinspiredothersto33inherfootsteps.Friendshavecollectedand34giftsfortheirbirthdaystoo.“35toothersisagoodfeelingtohaveattheendoftheday,”Ellasays.“IwanttokeepdoingthisaslongasIcan.”21.A.independent B.extra C.free D.bright22.A.new B.private C.fancy D.natural23.A.workedout B.kickedoff C.givenout D.thoughtup24.A.letter B.recreation C.invitation D.cake25.A.workers B.patients C.parents D.nurses26.A.happiness B.recognition C.behavior D.admiration27.A.changes B.grows C.declines D.maintains28.A.Thus B.Somehow C.Sometimes D.Instead29.A.reached B.included C.decorated D.covered30.A.excitement B.effect C.inspiration D.feature31.A.generosity B.exploration C.ambition D.progress32.A.promises B.aims C.efforts D.proposals33.A.follow B.engage C.track D.mix34.A.received B.counted C.gathered D.donated35.A.Responding B.Relating C.Giving D.Comparing第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Playinganinstrumentorsinginginachoirmayboostyourbrain.Forgenerations,parents36（encourage）theirchildrentopracticeplayingmusicalinstruments.Parentshavegoodreasontoprioritizetheirchildren’smusicaleducation.Learninganinstrumentisnotonlyassociatedwith37（good）educationalattainmentbutalsowithimprovedcognitive（認知的）abilitiesandintelligence（智力）scoresinchildren.Theresultsofarecentstudy38（investigate）thisquestionshowedthatmusicalpeoplehadbettermemoryandtheabilitytostay39（focus）ontasksthanthosewithlessornomusicality.However,40madeadifferenceamongthosewhoplayedaninstrumentwaswhethertheycontinuedtoplay41hadonlyplayedinthepast.Currentamateurmusiciansexhibitedthehighestcognitiveperformanceamongparticipants.Continuedengagement42cognitivelystimulatingactivities,likeplayinganinstrument,islikely43（lead）tosustainedbrainhealth.Incontrast,playingtherecorderforonlythreeyearsinprimaryschoolmaynot44（significant）impactourcognitiveperformancelaterinlife.Giventheoverallbenefitsoflearninganinstrumentorparticipatinginachoir,engaginginsuchacognitive45（stimulate）asweagecouldbebeneficial.第三部分寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（滿分15分）假如你是李華，你校外教Ryan打算開展英語閱讀活動，現向學生征求意見，請你給外教回復一封郵件，陳述建議并給出理由，內容包括：1.材料選擇；2.閱讀形式（小組合作或自主閱讀）。注意：1.詞數80左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數?？梢赃m當增加細節，以使行文連貫。DearRyan,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Becky,a12-year-oldgirl,wasdeepinhermathshomework.HerfatherBillaskedhertohelpfixthegateofthestall（牛欄）.“Icouldn’tcomeoutandhelp,Daddy,”sheresponded,withoutevenlookingup.“I’llgetextramarksifIdotheseequations（方程式）.”Frowning,BillwasconcernedaboutBe