Unit9LearningLesson1ActiveLearning學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.掌握本節(jié)生詞及句型的表達(dá)與運用。2.掌握不定式和動名詞作賓語的用法。3.通過課堂練習(xí)，對課文內(nèi)容有更深入的了解。知識運用 1.reflect詞性：____________意思：_____________reflecton/upon思考；反省reflectAfromB從B反射出Areflectionn.思考；映射onreflection仔細(xì)想來；經(jīng)過慎重考慮withoutreflection不假思索練習(xí)：Wheneveryoufindyourselfonthesideofthemajority,itistimetopauseand_________.2.assume詞性：____________意思：_____________assumesb./sth.(tobe)+adj./n.假定/認(rèn)為某人/某事（為）……Itisassumedthat…人們認(rèn)為……assuming(that)...假設(shè)……Theyassumedhertobethebestsingeroftheirtime.assumptionn.假定，假設(shè)ontheassumptionthat…假定……makeanassumption作出假設(shè)練習(xí)：They_________hertobethebestsingeroftheirtime.3.attempt詞性：____________意思：_____________attempttodosth.嘗試/企圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試makeanattempttodosth.嘗試/企圖做某事attemptedadj.(犯罪或非法行為）未遂的練習(xí)：Toachievetheincredibleyouhaveto_________theimpossible.4.exist詞性：____________意思：_____________existin…存在于……之中Thereexists...有/存在……existingadj.現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)有的existencen.存在inexistence現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)有的comeintoexistence產(chǎn)生；存在練習(xí)：Thetwosideshavereachedanagreement,butseveraldifferencesstill_________betweenthem.5.impression詞性：____________意思：_____________make/leaveanimpressiononsb.給某人留下印象impressvt.使印象深刻；使銘記impresssth.on/uponsb.=impresssb.withsth.使某人牢記某事beimpressedby被……所感動；對……印象深刻beimpressedonone'smind/memory被印在某人的腦海里impressiveadj.令人贊嘆的練習(xí)：Thegirlmadeadeep_________onusthatday.閱讀探究Doourbrainslearnbythemselves?Howcanwebecomeactivelearners?Readthefirstparagraphandanswerthequestions.1Whatdomostpeoplebelieveaboutthehumanbrain?Isittrue?2Whatisactivelearning?3WhatisKevinDaumgoingtotalkaboutinthearticle?句型梳理1.（教材P53）Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.你的觀點要有靈活性，最終，你也許會同意說話人或是作者的觀點。endup的用法endup結(jié)束；結(jié)果，后面可以接不同的形式。(1)endupdoing以……結(jié)束；最后；最終Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmightendupgettingsomethingyoudon'twant.如果你不知道自己想要什么，到頭來你可能會得到自己不想要的東西。WeweregoingtogooutbutendedupwatchingTVathome.我們原本打算外出，結(jié)果卻是待在家里看電視。(2)endupin在……中結(jié)束，以……方式結(jié)束Theireffortendedupinfailure.他們的努力以失敗告終。(3)endupwith用……結(jié)束Themeetingendedupwithasong.會議以一首歌結(jié)束。注意：(1)endupdoing不是“結(jié)束做某事”，不能將其理解為finishdoingsth.或stopdoingsth.，可理解為dosth.intheend。(2)endupinsth.有時表示意料之外的結(jié)果。2.（教材P53）Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.如果你努力去弄清楚一個想法的源頭，不論它看起來多么的愚蠢，這都可以增加你學(xué)到東西的可能性。nomatterhow+adj./adv.+句子“nomatterhow+adj./adv.+句子”引導(dǎo)的是一個讓步狀語從句，意為“無論……”或“不管……”。Keeptryingnomatterhowharditseems,anditwillgeteasier.無論多么艱難，努力嘗試，它就會變得容易。Nomatterhowoldweget,wealwaysneedaplacetocallhome.不管我們年齡多大，我們總要有一個稱為家的地方。Nomatterhowfastyouran,youcouldnotcatchupwithhim.無論你跑得有多快，你都不能趕上他。Theywillneversucceed,nomatterhowmuchtheytry.不管他多么努力，他們都不會成功。注意：(1)在nomatterhow+adj./adv.句式中，可以用however來代替nomatterhow。(2)nomatter后可接其他的疑問詞，如：nomatterwho;nomatterwhich;nomatterwhat;nomatterwhen;nomatterwhere+句子來引導(dǎo)一個讓步狀語從句。Nomatterwhoknocksatthedoor,don'topenit.不管是誰敲門都不要開。Nomatterwhichpathyouchoose,theactofforgivingisthefirststep.無論你采用何種方式，寬恕是首先要做的。Nomatterwhathappened,hecouldkeepcalm.不管發(fā)生了什么，他總能保持鎮(zhèn)定。NomatterwhenIgotachance,Iwantedtogivehimahand.只要有機會，我就會給他幫助。Nomatterwhereyouwork,youmustkeepintouchwithme.不管你在哪里工作，你都必須和我保持聯(lián)系。3.（教材P53）Itistruethatwecannothelpdislikingsomepeople—thisishumannature,afterall.確實，我們難免會討厭某些人，畢竟這是人的本性。Itistruethat句型在“Itistrue(clear,obvious,possible,certain...)that”句型中，It是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。Itistruethatsomepeopleachievesuccessveryearlyinlifewhileothersmustworkalongtimebeforeachievingtheirgoals.情況確實如此，有些人一生中很早就獲得成功，而另外一些人則要工作很長一段時間方能實現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。Itisclearthatnotallboyslikefootball.很明顯，不是所有的男孩都喜歡足球。cannothelpdoingsth.cannothelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事Shecouldnothelpcryingwhensheheardthenews.當(dāng)聽到這個消息時，她禁不住哭了起來。Icannothelpthinkingthatheknowsmorethanhehastoldus.我不禁認(rèn)為他知道的比他告訴我們的還要多。cannothelpbutdosth.禁不住/不得不做某事cannothelp(to)dosth.不能幫助做某事Shecouldn'thelpbutwonderwhathewasthinking.她不禁琢磨著他在想什么。Onecannothelpbutreflectonhispastexperience.一個人不禁反思起了他過去的經(jīng)歷。IamsorryIcannothelp(to)dothehousework.對不起我不能幫忙做家務(wù)。語法解析語法：不定式和動名詞作賓語1.下列動詞只能用不定式作賓語：決心學(xué)會想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。主動答應(yīng)選計劃，同意請求幫一幫。decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,pretend;offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,help。此外，afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten等也要用不定式作賓語。Byallappearances,mychoiceofcareersseemstohaveworkedout.顯然，我對職業(yè)生涯的選擇似乎是成功的。2.下列動詞或詞組只能用動名詞作賓語：考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想。避免錯過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。禁止想象才冒險，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/putoff,fancy;avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practise;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk;can'thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape。另外，beused/accustomedto,leadto,devoteto,gobackto,stickto,objectto,getdownto,payattentionto,can'tstand,giveup,feellike,insiston,thank...for,apologizefor,bebusy(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in),spendtime(in)等短語和動詞詞組后也要用動名詞作賓語。Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我非常感激兩年前被給予了出國學(xué)習(xí)的機會。3.下列動詞或詞組既可以跟動名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別。forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記已經(jīng)做過某事regrettodosth.對即將做的事表示遺憾（未做）regretdoingsth.對做過的事表示后悔（已做）trytodosth.盡力去做某事trydoingsth.試著做某事goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做原來做的事remembertodosth.記著去做某事（未做）rememberdoingsth.記著做了某事（已做）meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事Whatapoormemory!Iforgotborrowingmoneyfromhimyesterday.ButtodayIforgottoreturnthemoneytohim.多么差的記憶力！我忘了昨天向他借過錢，但今天我又忘了把錢還給他。4.固定句型(1)Thereisnogood/point/sense/harm+doingsth.(2)havedifficulty/trouble/aproblem/ahardtime/agoodtime/fun(+in)+doingsth.(3)spend/wastetime(in)doingsth.(4)cannothelpbutdo,candonothingbutdo,havenochoice/alternativebuttodo表示“不得不”。(5)“Whynot+動詞原形？”表示向某人提出建議，意為“為什么不……？”(6)“wouldrather/hadbetter(+not)+動詞原形”意為“寧愿/最好（不）做某事”。練習(xí)：1.Thebirdwasluckyanditjustmissed___________(catch).2.___________(make)friendsisanecessarypartinourlife.3.Theyareconsidering___________(go)toHainanforthesummerholiday.4.Shesometimescan'thelp___________(persuade)intobuyingmoreclothesthannecessary.5.___________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfind