40分閱讀理解提分練(一)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A[2020·濰坊市高三下學(xué)期模擬考試(二)]Summervacationistheperfecttimetocatchuponallthatreadingyoucouldn'tdoduringthebusyschoolyear.HerearesomeofthebestYAbookstoreadthissummer.◆SkywardbyBrandonSandersonMorethananything,Spensawantstobeeapilotanddefendherplanetagainstthefrequentattacksfromalienstarfighters.Whenshediscoversthewreckage(殘骸)ofanoldbattleship,sherealizesthatherdreamsmightbewithinreach.◆TwoCanKeepaSecretbyKarenM.McManusPutonyourcrime-solvingcapandgetsweptawayinthisthrillingnovelaboutagirl,aboy,andastringofunsolvedmurders.Asthreatsandcluespileup,you'llbeburningthemidnightoiltryingtofinishthebookbeforedawn.◆BridgeofClaybyMarkusZusakThefiveDunbarbrothershaven'tseentheirfatherineightyears.Whenhereappearsandasksforhelpbuildingabridge,onlythemiddlebrother,Clay,agreestogowithhim.Unforgettableandtouching,itisamust-readstory.◆IfI'mBeingHonestbyEmilyWibberleyandAustinSiegemund-BrokaInanefforttowinherboyfriendback,Camerondecidestobeeanicerpersonandmakeupforpeopleshe'shurt.LooselybasedonShakespeare'sTheTamingoftheShrew,thisisadelightfullysweetandpositivetaleofself-discovery,andtruelove.1．WhomaybeinterestedinSkyward?A．Pilotsonbattleships.B．Fansofouterspace.C．Peacekeepers.D．Planetdefenders.2．Whichbookisprobablyadetectivestory?A．Skyward.B．TwoCanKeepaSecret.C．BridgeD．IfI'mBeingHonest.3．WhatisspecialaboutIfI'mBeingHonest?A．Itisaworkofjointauthors.B．ItisoneofShakespeare'splays.C．Itmainlytalksaboutbeinghonest.D．Itappealstoreadersfeelinghopeless.B[2020·泰安市高三第二輪復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]MylesKerrknewthatbeingaMarine(水兵)eswithalotofresponsibility,butdespitethehugeweighthehasonhisshoulders,hehasnotforgottentheessenceofbeingapublicservant—thatofbeinghuman.Sevenyearsago,aphotoofaMarineandayoungboyrunningamarathonimmediatelywentviralafteritwassharedonsocialmedia.Butwhatseemedlikeasimpleimagepackedamuchdeeperbackstory.Thisstoryhappenedin2013,butitsrelevanceisstillaspowerfulasever.ThepairwererunningTheJeffDrenchMemorial5KinCharlevoix,MichiganwhenMylesKerrcameacrossBrandonFuchs,a9-year-oldboystrugglingtokeepupwiththerestofhisgroup.Brandon,exhaustedandoutofbreath,askedtheMarine,“Peoplewhohadtheireyesontheprizewouldhaverefused,butthe19-year-oldwasdifferent.BeingaMarine,heknewexactlywhatheshoulddo.Kerrputasidehisgoalofbeatinghismatesandinsteadsloweddowntoacpanythestrugglingboytothefinishline.Becausehechosetohelptheboy,theMarineendedupwiththeslowesttimeinhisagegroup,accordingtothe5Kresultsonline.Thoughhemighthavelosttherace,theMarinewonoverpeople'shearts.Hisactofkindnesswascelebratedonsocialmedia.Kerrdidn'texpectthathissimplegesturewouldattractsomuchattention.Herespondedtoatweetpraisinghisactionssaying,“Iwasjustdoingwhatanymanwoulddo,butthankyou！”HealsotweetedthathereceivedgiftsfromtheFuchsfamilyforhelpingoutBrandon.ToKerr,beingaMarinewasmorethanjustbeingtrainedforbat—italsorequiredlearninghowtobekindandpassionatetowardsthecitizenstheyserve.4．WhatwasMylesKerrsevenyearsago?A．Amarine.B．Apublicservant.C．Amarathonrunner.D．AMichigancitizen.5．WhatisMylesKerr'soriginalgoaltoparticipateinthemarathon?A．Towinoverpeople'shearts.B．Toacpanytheboy.C．Togetthebestscoreinhisagegroup.D．Tobuilduphisbody.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeMylesKerr?A．Kindandunselfish.B．Enthusiasticandgenerous.C．Responsibleandproud.D．Stubbornandhelpful.7．Whatdoesthestorymainlyconvey?A．BeingaMarinebearsalot.B．Kindnessmattersmorethanprizes.C．BeingaMarinemeansapublicservant.D．Goodactionsspreadquickly.C[2020·6月濟(jì)南市高三針對(duì)性練習(xí)]They'reorange,they'rerobotsandthey'recapableofsailingthehighseaswithouthumanintervention.OnTuesdaytheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)launchedapairofSaildrones(海洋無人機(jī))inPacificNorthwestwatersforthefirsttime.TheirsummerlongsailingjourneywillstretchfromVancouverIslandtoCalifornia.TheSaildroneoperatorswillcollectdatatohelpsetfuturefishingseasons.Thegovernmentwantstoseewhetherseagoingrobotscanextendfisherysurveysnowperformedbyexpensivemannedships.NoraCohenfromNOAAsaid,“The23-footlongseagoingrobotscanfollowaremotelyprogrammedcourseforuptoayearatatime.Andtheydon'trequireanyfuel.Weusewindandsolarpowertodrivethesensors.”Headded,“Itmeansthatwe'reabletogotoplaceswherewedon'treallywanttosendpeople,andgointoweatherthatwereallydon'twantanyoneevertobein,andbeabletosendmeasurementsback.”Theprimarymissionistoinvestigatethespeciesandthenumberoffishinexistenceandtheplaceswheretheyare.LarryHufnagle,scientistofNOAAFisheriesinSeattle,saidatraditionalbigNOAAresearchship-basedsurveycostsaround$25,000perday.Byparison,oneSaildronecosts$2,500perday.“Itcouldbeasignificantsaving，”Hufnaglesaid.“Butlikeanythingelse,thereisatrade-offinwhatyougetandwhatyoudon'tget.Onthemannedship,wehavelimitedtime.Ittakesalotofpeople.Wespendafairamountofmoney.ButthereisonethingtheSaildronecan'tdothathumanscan:castanettocatchandpositivelyidentifythefishdetectedbelow.TheSaildronesaregoingtogiveusadditionaldata,notreplacementdata.”NoraCohensaidSaildrone,aventurecapital-backedpanybasedinAlameda,California,expectstolaunchatotalof11ofitsseagoingrobotstosurveydifferentwaterbodiesforNOAAthisyear.TheBeringandArcticseas,CoastalCaliforniaandthe8．Whatisthepurposeofcollectingfishdata?A．Toexploretheocean.B．Toassistfishingindustry.C．Tolearnthehabitsoffish.D．Toimprovefishingskills.9．WhatismainlydiscussedabouttheSaildroneinParagraph3?A．Itsadvantages.B．Itsappearance.C．Itspowersystems.D．Itsprimarymission.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trade-off”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Debate.B．Reason.C．Reality.D．Balance.11．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．TheSaildronehasapromisingfuture.B．HufnaglethinkslittleoftheSaildrone.C．Mannedshipswillbepletelyreplaced.D．Productionofseagoingrobotsisrestricted.D[2020·東北三校高三第一次聯(lián)合模擬]Clothingrentalisahotnewindustryandretailers(零售商)aredemandingtogetonboardinthehopeofattractinggreenshoppers.Butisrentingfashionactuallymoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanbuyingit,andifso,howmuchmore?JournalistandauthorElizabethClineinvestigatedthisquestionandconcludedthatit'snotassustainableasitseems.Takeshipping,forexample,whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented—receivingandreturning.Clinewritesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitaftermanufacturing.Shewrites,“Anitemorderedonlineandthenreturnedcanrelease20kilogramsofcarboneachway,andincreasesupto50kilogramsforrushshipping.Byparison,thecarbonimpactofapairofjeanspurchasedfromaphysicalstoreandwashedandwornathomeis33.4kilograms,accordingtoa2015studybyLevi's.”Thenthere'stheburdenofwashing,whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenit'sreturned,regardlessofwhetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentalservices,thisusuallymeansdry-cleaning,ahigh-impactandpollutingprocess.AlltherentalservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene(全氯乙烯),acarcinogenic(致癌的)airpollutant,stillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners,withalternatives,althoughthesearen'tgreateither.Lastly,Clinefearsthatrentalserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion,simplybecauseit'ssoeasilyaccessible.There'ssomethingcalled“sharewashing”thatmakespeoplewastemorepreciselybecauseaproductorserviceissharedandthusisregardedasmoreeco-friendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis,advertisedas“awaytoshareridesandlimitcarownership”，andyet“ithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking,bicycling,andpublictransportationuse”．Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingtheminthedustbinafterwearingfewtimes,butweshouldn'tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeustoosatisfied.There'sanevenbetterstep—that'swearingwhatisalreadyinthecloset.12．WhatisElizabethCline'sattitudetowardclothingrental?A．Approving.B．Unfavorable.C．Objective.D．Enthusiastic.13．TheUberexampleinParagraph6indicatesthat________.A．rentalservicesareontheriseB．clothingrentalwillbeassuccessfulasUberC．rentingclothesmightwastemorethanexpectedD．rentingclothesmightmakepeopleloseinterestinfastfashion14．Theauthorsuggeststhatweshould________.A．giveuprentingclothesB．purchaseinexpensiveclothesC．rentclothesratherthanbuythemD．makefulluseofclotheswe'vepossessed15．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Clothingrentalisanewfashion.B．Clothingrentalisretailers'preference.C．Rentingclothesisnotthateco-friendly.D．Renting-clothesbusinessisinadilemma.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[2020·山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三模擬]MydadpassedawayyesterdayandIamprocessingeverything.It'shardtotryandfindpositivityinmypain,butmydadtaughtmesomuchwhenhewashealthy,andwhenhewasn't.Iwantedtosharesomeofthelessons.Beonthephoneless.ThisoneseemsstrangebutinhisfinalmomentsIwasallin,nocheckingmyphonebecauseitreallydidn'tmatter.__16__ThiswasamomentIneededtorememberandIwouldhaveregretteditifIwasdistractedinthispartofhisjourney.__17__Sometimesweneedpeopletoleanon.Mymomanddadneededalotofhelp.Ineededalotofhelp.Weweresurroundedbypeoplewillingtohelpusandinsteadofshuttingthemoutlikewe'vedoneinthepast,welettheminanditwasexactlywhatweneeded.Noteveryonewillunderstandyourexperience.__18__Justknowingpeoplearehereforusmeansalot,butIalsoknowthatnoonewillfullyunderstandmyexperienceandthat'sokayaswearealldifferent.Familyisnotnecessarilythepeoplewhobroughtyouintothisworld.IamadoptedandIknowwechoseeachother.__19__Ialsolovedmyfatherverymuch.There'snothingmoreimportantthanbeingwiththeonesyoulove.IwasabletoholdmyDadwhenhetookhislastbreath.MymomandImadesurethatmydadknewhewaslovedthroughthisjourney.__20__Everythingelseissecondary.A．Allthatmatteredwashim.B．Loveiswhattrulymatters.C．Surroundyourselfwithasupportsystem.D．Andmyfatherlovedmemorethananyoneonthisearth.E．It'sokaynottounderstandthereasonforeverything.F．Really,wecanhandlemorethanweeverthoughtpossible.G．Thiswasalongandhardjourneyformymomandmeandallofthosewhocareaboutus.40分閱讀理解提分練(一)第一節(jié)A語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——書籍——青少年讀物[文章大意]文章主要介紹了幾本適合在暑假閱讀的青少年讀物。1．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。該題問的是誰可能對(duì)Skyward感興趣。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Morethananything,Spensawantstobeomeapilotanddefendherplanetagainstthefrequentattacksfromalienstarfighters.Whenshediscoversthewreckage(殘骸)ofanoldbattleship,sherealizesthatherdreamsmightbewithinreach.”(第二段)可推知，太空迷可能會(huì)對(duì)Skyward這本書感興趣。故選B。2．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。該題問的是哪本書可能是偵探小說。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Putonyourcrime-solvingcapandgetsweptawayinthisthrillingnovelaboutagirl,aboy,andastringofunsolvedmurders.”(第三段第一句)可推知，TwoCanKeepaSecret可能是一本偵探小說。故選B。3．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。該題問的是IfI'mBeingHonest有什么特別之處。根據(jù)四本書的作者信息可知，這本書由兩個(gè)作者合著。故選A。B語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——樂于助人——“善良比獎(jiǎng)品更重要”[文章大意]文章講述了一名水兵陪伴一個(gè)小男孩跑完馬拉松的故事。4．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Peoplewhohadtheireyesontheprizewouldhaverefused,butthe19-year-oldwasdifferent.BeingaMarine,heknewexactlywhatheshoulddo.”(第四段第一、二句)可知，七年前MylesKerr是一名水兵。5．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“BeingaMarine,heknewexactlywhatheshoulddo.Kerrputasidehisgoalofbeatinghismatesandinsteadsloweddowntoacpanythestrugglingboytothefinishline.”(第四段第二、三句)可知，MylesKerr參加馬拉松的最初目的是打敗隊(duì)友，取得最好的成績(jī)。故選C。6．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句①“Hisactofkindnesswascelebratedonsocialmedia.”(第六段最后一句)②“ToKerr,beingaMarinewasmorethanjustbeingtrainedforbat—italsorequiredlearninghowtobekindandpassionatetowardsthecitizenstheyserve.”(第八段)可知，Kerr是一位善良且無私的人。故選A。7．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了七年前一名水兵陪伴一個(gè)小男孩跑完馬拉松而輸?shù)舯荣惖墓适隆ｋm然他輸?shù)袅吮荣悾A得了人們的心。由此可知，雖然MylesKerr沒能贏得馬拉松比賽，但卻贏得了人們的心。B項(xiàng)“善良比獎(jiǎng)品更重要”符合文意。故選B。C語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——科學(xué)技術(shù)——海洋無人機(jī)[文章大意]本文介紹了海洋無人機(jī)的相關(guān)情況。8．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“TheSaildroneoperatorswillcollectdatatohelpsetfuturefishingseasons.”可知，海洋無人機(jī)操作員收集數(shù)據(jù)的目的是協(xié)助漁業(yè)。故選B。9．答案與解析：A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了海洋無人機(jī)遵循遠(yuǎn)程編程航線的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，不需要任何燃料，能進(jìn)入不想讓人進(jìn)入的地方，能處于不想讓人處于的天氣中，且能發(fā)回測(cè)量的結(jié)果，以上這些都是它的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A。10．答案與解析：D考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)畫線詞前后的內(nèi)容可知，海洋無人機(jī)可以省一大筆開銷，但是也有我