Unit

1

What’s

the

matter?

知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.

What’s

the

matter

(with

you)?

怎么了？出什么事了？

What’s

the

trouble/

the

problem

/

wrong

with

sb./

sth.?

2.

I

had

a

cold.我感冒了。

have

a

cold=catch

a

cold=have

the

flu

患感冒

have

a

fever發(fā)燒

have

a

cough咳嗽

have

a

stomachache胃疼，肚子疼

have

a

toothache牙疼

have

a

headache頭疼

3.

身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞

stomach+ache=stomachache

胃痛

head+ache=headache

頭痛

tooth+ache=toothache

牙痛back+ache=backache后背痛

4.

much

too+

形容詞詞，意為“太。。。”表示程度，too

much+

不可數(shù)名詞，意為“太多。。。”toomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“太多。。。”5.

enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后均可，形副后面。

good

enough足夠好，enough

money=money

enough

6.

lie

down躺下，

lie

躺，躺著；位于，過(guò)去式lay，現(xiàn)在分詞為lying；lie說(shuō)謊，過(guò)去式lied；lay放置，擱下；下蛋，過(guò)去式laid，現(xiàn)在分詞laying

maybe

“或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe

you

are

right.

may

be，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”作謂語(yǔ)，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He

may

be

angry.

sound

like+名詞、代詞和從句：It

sounds

like

you

don’t

know

the

truth.

It

sounds

like

a

good

idea.

sound+形容詞，“聽(tīng)起來(lái)，好像”，The

music

sounds

nice.

9.

need

需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物；

need

to

do

sth.需要做某事，主語(yǔ)通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：You

need

to

listen

carefully

during

class.

need

doing

sth.主語(yǔ)通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Your

dirty

clothes

need

washing.

10.

get

off

(the

bus)

下（公交車(chē)）

get

on

上車(chē)

11.

agree

同意，贊同；同意做某事

agreetodosth，同意某人的看法、觀點(diǎn)

agreewithsb。

12.

trouble問(wèn)題，麻煩

；be

in

trouble

處于麻煩中，make

trouble制造麻煩，have

trouble

/difficulty/problems(in)

doing

sth.

做某事有麻煩，困難。13.

right

away=right

now=at

once，意為

立刻、馬上。

14.advice

[不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見(jiàn)asksbforadvice，

give

sb.

advice

on

sth.就某事給某人建議；

advise

[動(dòng)詞]

advise

sb.

to

do

sth.

建議某人做某事

Headvisedmetobuyacomputer.advise

sb.

doing

sth

建議做某事.

Headvisedleavingearly.

exercise

動(dòng)詞“運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉”可數(shù)名詞時(shí)“早操，練習(xí)”domorningexercises做早操不可數(shù)時(shí)意為“運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉”。

takeexercise做運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉16.

hurt

vt，使……疼痛，……受傷，He

hurt

his

leg

while

exercising.

vi，……（部位）疼。

His

leg

hurt

badly.

17.

clean

v打掃，清除，clean

the

classroom，adj.干凈的，衛(wèi)生的。cleanern.清潔工。cleanup打掃干凈Clean-upDay衛(wèi)生日，清潔日18.

hit

（用手或器具）打；擊打

The

boy

hit

the

dog

with

a

stone.

hit

sb.

on

the

head/

nose/

back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位；

hit

sb.

in

the

face/

eye/

stomach

打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。

19.

be

used

to

sth./

doing

sth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了……做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；His

grandpa

was

used

to

country

life.

Mary

is

not

used

to

getting

up

early

in

the

morning.

get/

become

used

to

sth./

doing

sth.

“變得習(xí)慣，逐漸適應(yīng)……”強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程、動(dòng)作：It’s

difficult

for

one

to

get

used

to

another

country’s

habit.

usedtodosth過(guò)去常常做某事Heusedtogotoworkbybike.20.

run

out用完，用盡

When

his

water

ran

out,

he

knew

that

he

would

have

to

do

something

to

save

his

own

life.

物+run

out.

某物用盡了。Hismoneyranoutyesterday.人+run

out

ofsth.人用盡了某物。He

ran

out

of

all

his

money

last

night.21.

risk

doing

sth.

冒險(xiǎn)去做某事

take

a

risk=take

risks

冒險(xiǎn)

22.

decision

n.決定，抉擇；

decidev.decidetodosth決定做某事HedecidedtolearnEnglishwell.make

a

decision

下決心make

a

decision

to

do

sth.下決心做某事。

23.

be

in

control

of

…掌管，管理

The

headmaster

is

in

control

of

this

new

school.

be

out

of

control無(wú)法控制，無(wú)法管理

be

under

control被控制住，在控制之中

Thethiefisundercontrolnow.24.

mind

v.介意，n.頭腦，心智。mind

doing

sth.介意做某事,

Would

you

mind

my

opening

the

window?

25.

give

up

(doing)

sth.

放棄（做）某事，give

up

(playing)

computer

games；give

up后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing形式，也可不接，如

Never

give

up

easily.

從不輕言放棄。二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

1.

have

a

cold

患感冒2.

have

a

stomachache

胃疼3.

see

sb.

do

sth.

看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)某事4.

shout

for

help

大聲呼救5.

expect

(sb.)

to

do

sth.

期望某人做某事6.

to

one’s

surprise

令某人驚訝的是7.

thanks

to

…

多虧，由于。。。8.

think

about…

思考，考慮9.

be

interested

in

sth.對(duì)。。。感興趣10.

lose

one’s

life

失去某人的生命11.

save

one’s

life

挽救某人的生命12.

take

a

risk=take

risks

冒險(xiǎn)13.

cut

off

切斷14.

keep

on

doing

sth.

繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持做某事15.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶16.seeadentist看牙醫(yī)17.putsomemedicineonsth.在……上面敷藥18.inthesameway以同樣的方式19.gotoadoctor看醫(yī)生20.onthesideoftheroad在馬路邊21.haveaheartproblem有心臟病22.getintotrouble造成麻煩23.falldown摔倒24.feelsick感到惡心25.haveanosebleed流鼻血26.putabandageonsth.用繃帶包扎27.inadifficultsituation在困境屮28.getanX-ray拍X光片29.takeone’stemperature量體溫30.talktoomuch說(shuō)得太多Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks一、基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.sickadj.生病的，有病的；可在句中作表語(yǔ)Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定語(yǔ)asickchild【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義；但是只在句中做表語(yǔ)，不做定語(yǔ)。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheer(sb.)up（讓某人）變得高興；振奮起來(lái)Thegoodnewscheeredeveryoneupinourclass.3.giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)，相當(dāng)于handout，Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.把某物分發(fā)給某人。4.volunteern.志愿者v.義務(wù)做，自愿做（某事）volunteertodosth.自愿做某事，Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.Shevolunteerstohelpothers.5.usedtodosth.過(guò)去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事，表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。Thereusedtobeacinemahere.這里曾有一個(gè)電影院。beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過(guò)去的故事。6.aloneadj.獨(dú)自一人的，無(wú)感情色彩：Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.lonely偏僻的，荒涼的；（感到）孤獨(dú)寂寞的，帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色彩，可做表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.7.careforsb./sth.照顧；照料……caren.小心，關(guān)心takecareof=lookafterv.careaboutsb./sth.關(guān)心，在意某人/事adj.careful仔細(xì)的/careless粗心的adv.carefully仔細(xì)地8.such“這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：suchagoodday多么美好的一天/suchanexcitingmatch多么精彩的比賽such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：suchimportantdecisions多么重要的建議suchdeliciousfood多么美味的食物如果名詞前被many,much,few,little修飾時(shí)，只能用so，而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletime9.tryoutfor…參加…選拔，爭(zhēng)取成為…ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.tryout試用，試驗(yàn)10.journeyn.（尤指長(zhǎng)途）旅行，行程；tripn.多指短途旅行；traveln./v.travelaroundtheworldn.traveler旅行者11.bebusywithsth.忙于（做）什么事情bebusydoingsth.忙于（做）什么事情12.trydoingsth.試著去做某事trytodosth.盡力去做某事tryone’sbest(todosth.)盡某人最大的努力去做某事13.beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人、某事14.raisemoney集資，籌錢(qián)；raisemoneyfor…為……籌錢(qián)raisev.舉起；提高；募集15.Keepv.keep+名詞，保留（某物）；keep+形容詞，保持16.makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成為可能，YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.makeit+形容詞(+forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成為…；think/findit+形容詞todosth.makeadifferenceto…對(duì)……有影響；對(duì)……有作用，difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修飾如Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.19.difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時(shí)為不可數(shù)；表示具體的“難題、難事”時(shí)為可數(shù)；havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難20.trainv.訓(xùn)練，trained為過(guò)去分詞，可做定語(yǔ)，意為“受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的”atraineddogtrainsbtodosth訓(xùn)練某人做某事21.beexcitedaboutsth.對(duì)某事感到興奮，Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.excited興奮的，修飾人；exciting令人興奮/激動(dòng)的，修飾物。22.ordern.命令，指示；順序，次序v.訂購(gòu)；點(diǎn)（菜）followtheorder。23.changev.變化，改變It’shardforapersontochangehislife(style).n.變化；零錢(qián)changeAforB用A換成B：WhenyoutravelinChina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRMB.一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.Clean-UpDay清潔日2.anoldpeople’shome養(yǎng)老院3.helpoutwithsth.幫助解決困難4.usedto曾經(jīng)…過(guò)去_5.carefor關(guān)心;照顧