特色重組練四Ⅰ.閱讀理解AVitaminDpillscanhelpspeedupthetimetakenforburnstoheal,andpreventscarring,anewstudysuggests.Thevitamin,producednaturallyinthebodywhentheskincomesintocontactwithsunshine,isbelievedtohelpprotectagainstburning.PreviousstudieshaveshownthatvitaminDpillshelpdecreaseinflammation,rednessandswellingaftersunburn,andmaybeoneofthereasonsthebodyproducesthechemical.NownewresearchfromBirminghamUniversityhasfounditmayalsohelpcombat(斗爭)othertypesofburn.Researchersmonitored38patientswhohadsufferedseriousburnsforayearandrecordedtheirlevelsofvitaminD.TheyfoundthatthosewiththehighestlevelsofvitaminDhadbetterwoundhealingandlessscarring.VitaminDhasbeenfoundtohelpsunburnbutdecreasesrapidlyinthebodywhenpeoplehaveseriousburns.ProfessorJanetLordoftheInstituteofInflammation&AginginBirmingham,atBirminghamUniversity,said:“LowvitaminDlevelswereassociatedwithworseoutcomesinburnpatientsincludinglifethreateninginfections,anddelayedwoundhealing.MajorburninjuryseverelyreducesvitaminDlevelsandaddingthisvitaminbackmaybeasimple,safeandcost-effectivewaytoimproveoutcomesforburnpatients.”Patientswithsevereburnsareathighriskofinfection.Thatmayleadtolife-threateningsepsis(膿毒癥).VitaminDisknowntohaveantibacterialactionsthatmayhelpcombatinfectionandthereforeaidinwoundhealingofburnpatients.TheresearcherssaycliniciansoftenoverlooklevelsofvitaminDinburnsvictims.ProfLordandherteamnowfocusonfindingoutwhythereisarapidlossofvitaminDinpatientsimmediatelyfollowingburninjuryandhopethattheymaybeabletopreventthisinfuture.Theamountofreductioninpatients'vitaminDlevelswasnotrelatedtotheseverityoftheburn,solevelsmayalsobedecreasedinmoreminorburninjuries.PublicHealthEnglandnowrecommendsthatallBritonstakevitaminDpillsinthewinterbecauseitisimpossibletomakesufficientquantitiesinthedarkermonths.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了維生素D藥片可以幫助人們治療燒傷而且不容易留下疤痕。1．HowisvitaminDnaturallygainedinthebodyaccordingtothepassage?A．Bypreventingscarring.B．Byproducingthechemical.C．Byhelpingprotectagainstburning.D．Bybeingexposedtoenoughsunshine.答案：D細節理解題。由第二段中的“Thevitamin,producednaturallyinthebodywhentheskincomesintocontactwithsunshine”可知，維生素D的自然獲取是通過與陽光接觸，即曬太陽。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph7referto?A．Severeburns. B．Burnedpatients.C．Possibleinfection. D．Antibacterialactions.答案：C指代判斷題。由本段第一句“Patientswithsevereburnsareathighriskofinfection.”可知，嚴重燒傷的病人會有感染的風險。故第二句意為感染會導致致命的膿毒癥。3．WhatcanweinferaboutProfessorJanetLord'sfindings?A．HighvitaminDlevelscanspeedwoundhealing.B．AddingvitaminDbackisreallysimpleandsecure.C．TheycanpreventtherapidlossofvitaminDinpatients.D．Theworsetheburnsare,thelowerthepatients'vitaminDlevelis.答案：A推理判斷題。由第六段最后一句可推知，如果維生素D較高的情況下，燒傷應該愈合較快。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheCauseandEffectofVitaminDPillsB．ExploringtheFunctionofVitaminDPillsC．TheResearchofVitaminDPillsforBurnsD．VitaminDPills:HealBurns&PreventScarring答案：D標題判斷題。文章主要介紹了維生素D藥片可以幫助人們治療燒傷而且不容易留下疤痕。previousadj.以前的，先前的monitorvt.監測，檢測；監督healv.長好，愈合；治愈第八段第二句：ProfLordandherteamnowfocusonfindingoutwhythereisarapidlossofvitaminDinpatientsimmediatelyfollowingburninjuryandhopethattheymaybeabletopreventthisinfuture.譯文：Lord教授和他的團隊現在集中研究為什么病人燒傷后維生素D會迅速下降，希望他們將來能防止這種情況的發生。分析：這是一個并列復合句，and連接兩個并列分句。第一個分句中，why引導賓語從句，作findout的賓語；第二個分句中，that引導賓語從句，作動詞hope的賓語。BWhat'stheonethingeverychildwantsatschool?Morerecesses!Andthatisexactlywhatsomeschoolsaregivingstudents,whichturnsouttobebeneficialforeveryone.EagleMountainElementarySchoolinFortWorth,Texas,isoneoffourpublicschoolscarryingouttheLiiNKprogram,aprojectthatincreasesrecessesperdaytoencouragecreativity,developcharacterandpromoteacademicsuccess.LiiNkwasinspiredbyScandinavianapproachestolearningbasedonthesimpleconceptofgivingchildrenmoreoutsideplaytimeandlesstimespentindoors.InFinland,wherethesystemhasbeeninplacefordecades,studentshavesomeofthehighestscoresonglobalassessmenttests.Insteadofspendingincreasingamountsoftimeinsidetheclassroom,theyareputtingmoreandmorefocusonphysicalactivity.Finnishkidsgettoenjoy15minutesofplaytimeforeveryhourofclass.AfterspendingsixweeksinFinlandin2012,DebbieRhea,thecreatoroftheLiiNkandprofessoratTexasChristianUniversity,discoveredthattheadditionalbreaksof“unstructured(松散的)outdoorplay”actuallyhelpedstudentsimprovetheirperformanceinsidetheclassroom.“Youstartputting15minutesofplaytimeintothesekidsfrequentlyanditgivestheplatformforthemtobeabletofunctionattheirbestlevel，”shesays.Otherstudieshaveshownthatoutdoorplaytimedecreasesrestlessness,tirednessandhasanumberofbenefitssuchasimprovedmotorskills,physicalfitness,andsocialdevelopment.DebbieRheastartedadoptingtheprograminprivateschoolsin2014,andhassinceexpandedherprogramtodistrictsinTexas,Oklahoma,MinnesotaandUtah.Allthechildrenintheseschoolsareallhappierforit.Itjustgoestoshowthatthebestwaytoraisehappyandsuccessfulchildrenistosimplyletthembekidseveryonceinawhile.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了LiiNK項目，該項目提倡給孩子更多的課外休息和娛樂時間，從而使他們在學業上表現得更好。5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“recesses”inParagraph1?A．breaks B．burdensC．performance D．tasks答案：A詞義猜測題。通覽全文可知，作者在文中主要討論給孩子更多的課外休息時間，因此可知此處畫線詞與break意思相近。6．WhatcanweinferaboutthesystemoflearninginScandinavia?A．Itdoesn'tgivestudentshomework.B．Itlaysgreatstressonphysicallabor.C．Ithelpsstudentsperformwellintests.D．Itrequiresstudentstospendmoretimeintheclassroom.答案：C推理判斷題。由第二段第二句可推知，這種學習方法能幫助學生在評價測試中表現優異。7．WhichofthefollowingwouldDebbieRheaprobablyagreewith?A．Playtimeisbeneficialtothestudents.B．Kidsneedplatformstoshowtheirtalents.C．Playtimeaffectsstudents'creativitydirectly.D．Studentsshouldhavemoreplaytimeathome.答案：A細節理解題。由第三段可知，DebbieRhea認為額外的課外休息時間可以幫助學生提高課堂效率，并使他們發揮最好的水平。8．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A．Torevealthefindingofsomestudies.B．ToinformreadersoftheLiiNKprogram.C．TointroducewhatScandinavianapproachesare.D．Tocallonreaderstopaymoreattentiontoeducation.答案：B推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了LiiNK項目的有關情況。assessmentn.評估；評價additionaladj.額外的；附加的restlessnessn.坐立不安；不安定第一段第三句：Andthatisexactlywhatsomeschoolsaregivingstudents,whichturnsouttobebeneficialforeveryone.譯文：這正是一些學校給學生提供的，這對每個人都是有益的。分析：這是一個主從復合句，which引導非限制性定語從句，指代主句的整個內容。主句中what引導表語從句。Ⅱ.語法填空AfteraheatedWorldCupmatch,thestandsare__1__(usual)leftwithfoodwaste,cupsandwrappers.Butaftertoday'smatch,somefansfrom__2__(difference)countries,includingChinesefansandSenegalfansdidtheirshareofsweeping:carefullycleaninguptheirrowsandseatsinthestadium.__3__(equip)withlargerubbishbagstheybroughtalong,thefansmarchedthroughtherowspickinguprubbishtoleavetheplacejustasclean__4__theyhadfoundit.“It'spartofthefootballculture，”afootballjournalistScottMcIntyretoldtheBBC.“Theymightleaveabottleorsomekindoffoodpackageon__5__groundandthenit'softenthecasethatpeoplegettappedontheshoulderbythefans,__6__(remind)themthattheyshouldcleanuportakeithomebutcan'tleaveitthere.”“Cleaningupafterfootballmatches__7__(be)anexpressionofbasicbehaviourthatistaughtinschool,__8__thechildrencleantheirschoolclassroomsandhallways，”explainsScottNorth,professorofsociologyatOsakaUniversity.“Ithinkit'sawonderfulthingthattheWorldCupbringssomany__9__(nation)andpeopletogetherandtheyget__10__(learn)andexchangethesekindsofthings.That'sthebeautyoffootball.”1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了足球比賽之后，來自不同國家的球迷在觀眾離場后打掃球場的事情。相關人士對比做出了肯定的評價。1．usually考查詞性轉換。修飾謂語動詞“areleftwith...”，故用副詞形式。2．different考查詞性轉換。修飾空格后面的名詞countries，故用形容詞形式。3．Equipped考查非謂語動詞。beequippedwith“配備有……，裝備有……”。在作狀語時，通常用過去分詞形式。4．as考查固定搭配。as...as“像……一樣……”。5．the考查冠詞。ontheground“在地上”。6．reminding考查非謂語動詞。remind與其邏輯主語fans為主動關系，故用現在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨。7．is考查主謂一致。本句主語是“Cleaningupafterfootballmatches”，動名詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。8．where考查定語從句的引導詞。從句中不缺少主語、賓語或表語。先行詞是school，表示地點，因此用關系副詞where。9．nations考查名詞。由空格前面的修飾詞many可知，此處用復數形式。10．tolearn考查非謂語動詞。gettolearn“開始學習……”。Ⅲ.短文改錯Watchingoneoftheflag-raisingceremonyinthecapitalleftmeadeepimpression.OnthemorningofJanuary,1,2018,myparentsandIgototheTian'anmenSquare.Whenwegotthere,alotofpeopleiswaitingonthespot.Seeingthesoldierswalkinginsight,allofusfeltexcitingbutheldtheirbreath.Withpacinginorder,andthesoldierscametothestand.Thenthemostlyexcitingmomentcame.Theflagwasuplittlebylittlewiththefamiliarmusic,andwesangaloudbyit.Theflagreachedthetopthemomentthemusiccametoend.Justthen,cheersburstoutfromthecrowds,thatmademeproudofourmotherland.答案：Watchingoneoftheflag-raisingeq\o(ceremony,\s\do15(①ceremonies))inthecapitalleftmeadeepimpression.OnthemorningofJanuary,1,2018,myparentsandIeq\o(go,\s\do15(②went))totheTian'anmenSquare.Whenwegotthere,alotofpeopleeq\o(is,\s\do15(③were))waitingonthespot.Seeingthesoldierswalkinginsight,allofusfelteq\o(exciting,\s\do15(④excited))butheldeq\o(their,\s\do15(⑤our))breath.Withpacinginorder,eq\o(eq\o(and,＼),\s\do15(⑥))thesoldierscametothestand.Thentheeq\o(mostly,\s\do15(⑦most))excitingmomentcame.Theflagwasuplittlebylittlewiththefamiliarmusic,andwesangaloudeq\o(by,\s\do15(⑧to))it.Theflagreachedthetopthemomentthemusiccametoeq\o(∧,\s\do15(⑨an))end.Justthen,cheersburstoutfromthecrowds,eq\o(that,\s\do15(⑩which))mademeproudofourmotherland.1．ceremony→ceremonies考查名詞。在“oneofthe...”結構中的名詞用復數形式。2．go→went考查動詞的時態。描述發生在2018年的事情，用一般過去時。3．is→were考查主謂一致和動詞的時態。主語是alotofpeople，且描述的是過去發生的事情，所以用were。4．exciting→excited考查形容詞。修飾人時用excited，修飾物時用exciting。此句的主語是allofus，故將exciting改為excited。5．their→our考查代詞。與主語allofus相呼應，故用our。6．去掉and考查連詞。前面“Withpacinginorder”是介詞短語，不是句子，所以主句前不用and。7．mostly→most考查副詞。修飾exciting用副詞most，意為“最激動人心的時刻”；而mostly意為“大部分；通常”。8．by→to考查介詞。singto...“隨著……歌唱”。9．cameto后加an考查冠詞。cometoanend“結束”，是固定用法。10．that→which考查定語從句的引導詞。非限制性定語從句不