專題09閱讀理解（專題過關）-2021-2022學年高二英語下學期期末考點大串講（譯林版2020）（解析版）（2019-2020學年江蘇省常州市高二下學期期末試卷）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AYoumighthaveheardalotaboutancienttownsandancientcitiesinChina.Here.welistseveralofthemostbeautifulancientvillagesinChina.BaoshanStoneCity,YunnanProvinceBaoshanStoneCitywasbuiltonahugemushroom-shapedrock,andonlyhasaboutonehundredhouses.Thehousesareaidoutinanorderlyway,builtontherock,andlinkedbystonesteps.TheNaxipeopletherestillleadanoriginallifeandgrowcropsinterraces(梯田);youcanexperiencethecolorfulcultureoftheNaxiethnic(民族的)groupthere.TuvasVillageinKanas,XinjiangKanasTuvasVillageisnearthemysteriousLakeKanas.Thesmallvillageislocatedinavalley,andonlyhasabout80houses.TheseSwiss-stylewoodenhousesareallsurroundedbywoodenfences.Tuvasisanancientminoritygroup.Theytraditionallylivedashunter-gathers.Youcanvisitalocalfamily,goherding(x)withthelocalsandexperiencethepeacefulancientvillagelife.JiaiuTibetanVillage.Danba,SichuanProvinceJiajuTibetanVillageisknownasthe"Tibetanfairyland".Itstandsonamountainslope,andconsistsofabout140houses.Theseuniquehousesareallbuiltwithcrown-shapedroofs,redeavesandwhitewallswhichmakethehouseslooklikelittlecastlesamongtheforest.XijiangMiaoVillage,GuizhouProvinceIfyoureinterestedintheMiaoMinority,XijiangMiaoVillagecanbeagreatdestinationfordeepeningyourunderstandingofMiaohistoryandculture.It'sthelargestMiaovillageinChina,andnowhas1432householdswithapopulationofover5000,ofWhich99.5%areMiaoethnicgroupIt'salsofamousforthehousesbuiltonstilts(支柱)ofdifferentheights。1.WhatcanyoudoinKanasTuvasVillage?A.HikeinterracesB.SeehousesofaforeignstyleC.GohuntingwiththelocalsD.Learnabouthousesbuiltonstilts2.WherecanyouadmirethehouseslikecastlesA.InBaoshanStoneCityB.InKanasTuvasVillageC.InJiajuTibetanVillageD.InXijiangMiaoVillage3.Whatcanweinferaboutthevillagesmentionedinthetext?A.TheyremainedsecrettotheoutsideworldinthepastB.TheywereoriginallybuilttodefendtheirhomelandC.TheyarestillcutoffanddifficulttoaccessnowadaysD.Theyaretheethnicvillageswithuniquearchitecture【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，介紹了中國幾個最美麗的古村落。1.B【解析】考查細節(jié)理解題，在描述KanasTuvasVillage的段落中提到TheseSwiss-stylewoodenhousesareallsurroundedbywoodenfences.這里的房子是瑞士風格的，所以有異國風情?？梢夿選項正確。2.C【解析】考查細節(jié)理解題，描述JiajuTibetanVillage的段落未句提到makethehouseslooklikelittlecastlesamongtheForest?？梢奀選項正確。3.D【解析】考查推理判斷題，從文章描述可以看出，這幾個古村落各自有其獨特的建筑風格，并且都是少數(shù)民族的聚居地。可見D選項正確。BNothingsucceedslikesuccess,

aseveryparentofastraight-Astudentknows,

buttryingtostressacademicexcellencebytellingyourchild.

"You'resosmart!"maybe

counterproductive.

Why?

Accordingtoa2017study,

childrenwhothinktheirintelligenceisfixedarelesslikelytopayattentionandbounceback(重整旗鼓)

frommistakesthanchildrenwhothinkintelligencecangrowandchange.Inthestudy,

researcherslookedat123children.

Theearnassessedthechildrentodeterminewhethertheyhada

"growthmindset（思維模式）"

(believingthatyoucanworkhardertogetsmarter),

ora

"fixedmindset"

(believingthatyourintelligenceisunabletochange).

Theythenaskedthechildrentocompleteafast-pacedcomputeraccuracytaskwhiletheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.

Duringtherecording,

researchersnotedthatbrainactivitystoppedwithinahalf-secondaftermakingamistake,

aschildrenbecameawareoftheirmistakeandpaidcloserattentiontowhatwentwrong.

Thelargerthebrainresponse,

themorethechildfocusedonthemistake.

Basedonthedata,

theyconcludedthatchildrenwitha

"growthmindset"

weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake.

Whilechildrenwithafixedmindsetwereableto

"bounceback"

,

butonlyiftheygavetheirfullattentiontothemistake.Forparents,

thelessonsareclear:

Don'tpaycompliments（贊揚）thatsuggestthatintelligenceisfixed.

IfachildhandsyouanA+test,

don'tsay,

"You'resosmart!"

Instead,

say,

"Wow,

thatstudyingreallypaidoff!"

or

"Youclearlymasteredthismaterial-waytogo!"

Notetheeffort,

no:

theintelligence.Besides,

manyparentsshyawayfromaddressingachild'smistakes,

tellingthem

"It'sOK.

You'llgetitthenexttime."

withoutofferingthemthechancestofigureoutwhatgowrong.

Instead,

it'sbettertoreassurethechildthatmistakeshappen,

andworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymakethemistake.1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains

"counterproductive"

underlinedinparagraph1?

A.

Opposite.B.

Competitive.C.

Successful.D.

Unknown.2，Howdidthechildrenwitha

"growthmindset"

reactinthestudy?

A.

Theymadefewermistakes.B.

Theytriedtoavoidmistakes.

C.

Theyhadsmallerbrainresponse.D.

Theyfocusedmoreonthemistake.3.Whatshouldbeavoidedaccordingtothestudy?

A.

Over-stressingtheintelligence.B.

Paycomplimentstochildren.

C.

Addresschildren'smistakes.D.

Offerchancestofindmistakes.4.Whatshouldparentssaywhenchildrenmakeamistakeaccordingtothetext?

A.

Youaresocareless.B.

Yourstudyingpaidoff.

C.

You'llgetitthenexttime.D.

Let'sfindouthowyoumadeit.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。研究表明父母想要贊美他們的孩子是件很自然的事情，但是這種贊美可能會適得其反，父母應該關注孩子的努力而不是智力。1.A【解析】詞義猜測題，題干的意思是“以下哪一項最好地解釋了第1段中強調(diào)的“counterproductive”？”，根據(jù)文章“

"You'resosmart!"

maybecounterproductive.”（“你真聰明！”可能會適得其反。），可知counterproductive意思是相反的；結(jié)合選項的翻譯：A.

相反的；B.

有競爭力的；C.

成功的；D.

未知的。故選：A。2.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題，題干的意思是“在這項研究中，有“成長心態(tài)”的孩子有什么反應？”，根據(jù)文章“

Thelargerthebrainresponse,

themorethechildfocusedonthemistake.

Basedonthedata,

theyconcludedthatchildrenwitha

"growthmindset"

weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake.

”（大腦反應越大，孩子就越關注錯誤?；谶@些數(shù)據(jù)，他們得出結(jié)論，有“成長心態(tài)”的孩子在犯了錯誤后很可能會有更大的大腦反應），可知有“成長心態(tài)”的孩子他們更加關注這個錯誤；結(jié)合選項的翻譯：A.

他們犯的錯誤較少；B.

他們試圖避免錯誤；C.

他們的大腦反應較?。籇.

他們更加關注這個錯誤。故選：D。3.A【解析】推理判斷題，題干的意思是“根據(jù)這項研究，應該避免什么？”，根據(jù)文章“Forparents,

thelessonsareclear:

Don'tpaycomplimentsthatsuggestthatintelligenceisfixed.

”（對父母來說，教訓很清楚:不要恭維暗示智力是固定的。），可知應該避免過分強調(diào)智力；結(jié)合選項的翻譯：A.

過分強調(diào)智力；B.

向孩子們致意；C.

解決孩子的錯誤；D.

提供發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤的機會。故選：A。4.D【解析】推理判斷提題，D題干的意思是“根據(jù)課文，當孩子們犯錯誤時，父母應該說什么？”，根據(jù)文章“Instead,it'sbettertoreassurethechildthatmistakeshappen,

andworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymakethemistake.”（相反，最好向孩子保證錯誤會發(fā)生，并努力找出他們在哪里以及如何犯錯誤。），結(jié)合選項的翻譯：A.

你太粗心了；B.

你的學習得到了回報；C.

下次你會拿到的；D.

讓我們看看你是怎么錯的。故選：D。CWhetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend,atleastinpart,onwhichemergencymedicalservices（EMS）agencyshowsuptotreatyou,anewstudysuggests．

ResearchersfoundawidevariationincardiacarrestsurvivalratesdependingonwhichEMSagencyprovidedinitialtreatment,accordingtothestudypublishedinJAMACardiology.Theoddsofsurvivingtohospitaldischarge（出院）couldvarybymorethan50percentfortwosimilarpatientstreatedbytworandomlyselectedEMSagencies."WefoundlargeoutcomevariationsbetweenEMSagenciesthatcomeafteracardiacarrestevenafteradjustingformanyfactors",saidleadauthorMassashiOkubo,aninstructorofemergencymedicineattheUniversityofPittsburgh．

ThestudydidnotrevealwhysomeEMSagenciesdidbetterthanothers,however."Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderlyingfactors，"Okubosaid．

Cardiacarrest"istheabruptlossofheartfunction,andifappropriatestepsarenottakenimmediatelyitmostoftenisfatal，"explainedGreggFonarow,aprofessorofcardiovascularmedicineandscienceattheDavidGeffenSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Healsoisco-directoroftheUCLAPreventiveCardiologyProgram."EachyearintheUnitedStates,morethan350，000cardiacarrestsoccuroutsidethehospitalsetting．"

Altogether,theresearchersstudied43，656patientstreatedfrom2011to2015by112EMSagencies.Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital,variationsamongagencieswerequitelarge：theworstperformingagencyhad0survivorsoutof36patientstreated,or0percent,ascomparedwith66survivorsoutof228patientstreated,ornearly30percent,forthebest-performingagency．

Thepatternwassimilarwhenitcametorecoveryoffunctionbythetimeapatientwasdischargedfromthehospital.Theworstperformingagencyinthiscategoryhadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin0outof87patients,or0percent,whilethebesthadfavorablerecoveryin11outof54patients,or20percent．

"ThesefindingssuggesttheremaybeimportantdifferencesinthequalityofresuscitationeffortsamongdifferentEMSagencies，"Fonarowsaidinanemail．

Also,hesaid,"Morelaypersoninterventions（非正式人員干預）suchastimelyCPR（cardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺復蘇術）andmoreEMApersonnelrespondingtocardiacarrestpatientswererelatedtobetteroutcomes．

"Thesefindingssuggestthatdisseminationofbestpracticesanduseofformalqualityimprovementprogramsbycommunity-basedEMSagenciesmayhelptoimprovequalityandoutcomesincardiacarrest，"hesaid．

Cananythingbedoneinthemeantime？

Yes,saidFonarow,whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch."Whenperformedpromptlyandproperly,CPRcanmarkedlyimprovethechanceofsurvivalforsomeonehavinganout-of-hospitalcardiacarrest，"hesaid."ThebestadvicethatmightsavelivesoflovedonesifacardiacarrestoccursistolearnCPR.AnyonecanandeveryoneshouldlearnCPR．"

（1）Whatdoesthenewstudytellus？___

A．EMSgencieshaveadjustedoutcomevariations．

B．PeoplewithcardiacarrestdependonEMSagencies．

C．Initialtreatmenthasbeenprovidedforcardiacarrestpatients．

D．CardiacarrestsurvivalispartlydeterminedbycertainEMSagencies．

（2）AccordingtoOkubo,whataretheyplanningtodoinfutureresearch？___

A．TodeterminewhichEMSagenciesaregood．

B．Torevealtheunderlyingfactorsofcardiacarrest．

C．TofindoutthehiddenreasonsforbetterEMSagencies．

D．ToidentitytherelationshipbetweendifferentEMSagencies．

（3）Whatdoes"thepattern"inParagraph6referto？___

A．Theworstperformingagency．

B．Thebestperformingagency．

C．Thelargevariationsamongagencies．

D．Thecomparisonbetweensurvivorsandpatients．

（4）Accordingtothefindings,whatelseleadstobetteroutcomesincardiacarrest？___

A．morelaypersoninterventions

B.betterqualityinEMSagencies

C,betterpracticesinCPR

D.moreEMSmembers【語篇解讀】這是一篇科教閱讀，主要講述了一項新的研究表明，無論你是否因為心臟驟停而存活，至少部分是因為哪家緊急醫(yī)療服務機構(gòu)會對你進行治療。1．D【解析】細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段"Whetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend,atleastinpart,onwhichemergencymedicalservices（EMS）agencyshowsuptotreatyou,anewstudysuggests．一項新的研究表明，無論你是否因心臟驟停而存活，至少部分取決于哪家緊急醫(yī)療服務（EMS）機構(gòu)會對你進行治療．可知，新研究告訴我們心臟驟停的存活部分取決于某些EMS機構(gòu)．故選D．

2．C【解析】細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段"Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderlyingfactors，"Okubosaid．我們需要在未來的研究中確定潛在的因素是什么"可知，他們計劃在未來的研究中找出更好的EMS機構(gòu)的隱藏原因．故選C．

3．C【解析】詞義猜測題．根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容"Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital,variationsamongagencieswerequitelarge當他們看到有多少患者存活足夠長時間才能出院時，各機構(gòu)之間的差異非常大，故指的是各機構(gòu)之間的差異很大．故選C．

4．B【解析】細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"Thesefindingssuggestthatdisseminationofbestpracticesanduseofformalqualityimprovementprogramsbycommunity-basedEMSagenciesmayhelptoimprovequalityandoutcomesincardiacarrest，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，社區(qū)EMS機構(gòu)傳播最佳實踐和使用正式的質(zhì)量改進計劃可能有助于改善心臟驟停的質(zhì)量和結(jié)果"可知，這些研究結(jié)果表明，基于社區(qū)的EMS機構(gòu)傳播最佳實踐和使用正式的質(zhì)量改進計劃可能有助于提高心臟驟停的質(zhì)量和結(jié)果，故選B．DPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves；othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem-allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（搶先的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies．

WhenecologistJohnOrroekoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime-aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong-intosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme（生化酶）,whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals."Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked．"Orrocksays."Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry．"

InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails；inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungry-caterpillars（毛蟲）,whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia．

Thefindingthatasnail'sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,"Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimthatneveractuallytouchedthem．

"That'sthemillion-dollarquestion，"Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues．

1.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidintosoilnearbytomatoplantsto___．

A．givethemawarning

B．makethemgrowbetter

C．keepplant-eatinganimalsaway

D．informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger2.Whyistheexampleof"caterpillars"mentionedinParagraph3？___

A．Tointroduceanotheranimal．

B．Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy．

C．Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals．

D．Toanalysedifferentresistancechemicals．3.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow？___

A．Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger．

B．Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare．

C．Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue．

D．Whatthefindingoftheresearchis．4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？___

A．ADefenseAttackB．GreedyAnimalsC．ASnail'sApproachD．WatchfulPlants【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。新的研究表明，植物能感知到動物即將發(fā)起的攻擊?！窘馕觥緼【解析】細節(jié)理解題．由第二段中的"Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming"可知，我們只是給了他們暗示攻擊即將來臨的線索，因此答案選A．B【解析】推理判斷題．由第三段中的最后一句話"Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia．"可知，這種非特定的防御可能是一種策略，通過進一步提高植物生存的整體可能性，使植物收益．Orrotock今年三月在Ocologia與同事一起報高了這一結(jié)果．所以判斷出第三段提到的毛毛蟲的例子是為了確認研究結(jié)果，因此答案選B．

3.A【解析】推理判斷題．由倒數(shù)第二段中的"buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimthatneveractuallytouchedthem"可知，但是他想知道番茄植物是如何感受到蝸牛粘液中的化學物質(zhì)，而這些化學物質(zhì)從未真正接觸過它們．所以判斷出Richard想知道西紅柿植物是如何感知危險的，由此可知答案選A．4.D【解析】標題歸納題．由第一段中的"Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack"可知，新的研究顯示，植物能感知到動物即將發(fā)動的攻擊．故D選項"警惕的植物"為最佳標題，因此答案選D．2.（江蘇省常州市2019-2020學年高二下學期教育學會學業(yè)水平監(jiān)測英語試卷）第一節(jié)（共12小題；每小題2分，滿分24分）請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAfterwinningfiveGrammytrophies（格萊美獎）atthisyear'sawardsceremony,FinneasO'Connellbecameanameatthetipofeverybody'stonguemostlyinrelationtohisyoungersister,popsuperstarBillieEilish,butincreasinglyinhisownrighttoo.The22-year-oldLosAngelesnativeismostfamouslyknowntohaveproducedandco-writtenhissisterEilish'salbum,WhenWeAllFallAsleep,WhereDoWeGo?Alongtheway,O'Connellhasmarchedtohisownbeatandpresentedasoundthatisunlikeanythingelsethatcanbefoundcurrentlyonofficialmusicchartsorontheairwaves.Weird-pop,Gothic-pop,Avant-pop（先鋒派流行音樂）,Art-pop.Evenbyusingthesedefinitiveterms（稱號）,criticsstillcan'tpindown（解釋清楚）O'Connell.Andeveniftheytry,hesimplyrejectstheterms.O'ConnellandEilishwerehome-schooledbytheiractor-musicianparents.O'Cormellenteredshowbusinessasachildactor.FromBadTeacherandhismother'sLifeInsideOuttocomedyfavoriteModernFamilyandmusicalTVseriesGlee,heknewnottolethispersonalitygetinthewayofhisactingroles.Talentdefinitelyrunsinthefamily.O'Connell'sfondnessformusicwasinstilled（逐漸灌輸）inhimfromayoungage."Wehaveneverstressedgettingajobandmakingaliving,”hisfathersaid,"Ifwemodeledanything,itwasbeingbrokeandartsy（附庸風雅的）Notforgettinghisactingroots,O'Connellusesfilmasametaphor（隱喻）todescribethecurrentclimateofmusicandhasexpressedthiswithsingles-onlyreleases.“Musicsinglesarelike[blockbuster]moviesmadebyfilmstudiostocarrytheindependentfilms.There'sAvengersmusic.EventhoughIthinkAvengersisgreat,myfavoritemovieisTheSocialNetwork,I'drathermakemusicthatfeelskindoflikethat."O'Connellisworkinginmusicfull-timenow,preparingEilish'snextalbumandhisownfull-lengthalbumwhileexperimentingandlearningmoreproductionideasandsounds.ButFinneastheactorwillnotturndownactinggigs（臨時工作）ifanidealroleisoffered.1.WhatcanwesayaboutFinneasO'Connell?A.Hehashisownmusicalstyle.B.Heprefersactingtowritingmusic.C.Heisahardworkingandconsiderateman.D.Hewillonlyfocusonmusicinthefuture.2.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.BillieEilish'sfatherloveshermore.B.BillieEilishisanactorandsingernow.C.FinneasO'connell'sparentseducatedhimathome.D.FinneasO'connell'smotherwantedhimtoliveonmusic.3.Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?A.Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.B.Theroleofgeneispowerful.C.Musicisthemotherofallarts.D.Schooleducationoftenruinsatalent.4.Theauthorwritesthisarticleto .A.expresshisadmirationforafamousstarB.reportentertaininginformationtoreadersC.emphasizetheimportanceoffamilyloveD.discussthesecrettosuccesswithreaders【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了贏得5座格萊美獎杯的歌手FinneasO'Connell的故事。1.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Alongtheway,O'Connellhasmarchedtohisownbeatandpresentedasoundthatisunlikeanythingelsethatcanbefoundcurrentlyonofficialmusicchartsorontheairwaves可知O'Connell有其獨有的音樂風格。故選A。2.C【解析】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第四段第一句O'ConnellandEilishwerehome-schooledbytheiractor-musicianparents.可知O'Connell在家被其父母灌輸音樂。故選C。3.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Talentdefinitelyrunsinthefamily.O'Connell'sfondnessformusicwasinstilled（逐漸灌輸）inhimfromayoungage.可知O'Connell天資聰穎且后天也培養(yǎng)地好，故選B。4.A【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)本篇文章，作者是對O'Connell的介紹，表達了對其欽佩之情，故選A。BVincentVanGogh（1853-1890）isoneofthemostpopularofthePost-Impressionistpainters.Heislamedforthegreatvitalityofhisworkswhicharecharacterizedbyexpressiveandemotiveuseofbrilliantcolorandenergeticapplicationofimpastoed（厚原料的）paint.BelowaresomefamouspicturespaintedbyVincentandthepoeticlyrics（歌詞）toDonMcLean'shitsongVincent(（Starry，StarryNight)）inthefamouscartoonfilm《LovingVbiceril》VincentStarry,starrynight,Paintyourpalette（畫板）blueandgrey,Lookoutonasummer'sday,Witheyesthatknowthedarknessinmysoul.Shadowsonthehills,Sketchthetreesandthedaffodils,Catchthebreezeandthewinterchills,Incolorsonthesnowylinenland.NowIunderstandWhatyoutriedtosaytome Howyousufferedforyoursanity（精神正常）Howyoutriedtosetthemfree.TheywouldnotlistenTheydidnotknowhowPerhapsthey'lllistennow.Starry,starrynight.Flamingflowersthatbrightlyblaze,Swirlingcloudsinviolethaze（陰霾，疑惑），ReflectinVincent'seyesofchinablue.Colorschanginghue,morningfieldofamber（黃色的）grain,Weatheredfaceslinedinpain, " =Aresoothed（撫慰）beneaththeartist'slovinghand.Fortheycouldnotloveyou,Butstillyourlovewastrue.AndwhennohopewasleftinsightOnthatstarry,starrynight,Youtookyourlife,asloversoftendo.ButIcouldhavetoldyou,Vincent,ThisworldwasnevermeantforoneAsbeautifulasyou.NowIthinkIknowwhatyoutriedtosaytome, Howyousufferedforyoursanity, Howyoutriedtosetthemfree.Theywouldnotlisten,They'renotlisteningstill.Perhapstheyneverwill...1.WhatattitudedoesthewriterofthesonghavetowardsVanGogh?A.Prejudicedandchangeable. B.Admiringandunderstanding.C.Doubtfulbutrespectful. D.Positivebutcontradictory.2.Accordingtothesong,VanGoghwas .A.goodatdrawingonstarrynightsB.murderedbyoneofhisloversC.apersonfullofloveandbeautyD.popularwithpeoplewhenhewasalive3.WhichofthefollowingbelongtothefourfamouspicturesofVanGogh'smentionedintheunderlinedpartsin4thparagraph?A.Thesunflowers,thePotatoEatersB.SelfPortraitwithBandagedEar,HeadofaPeasantWomanC.thePotatoEaters,theYellowHouseD.SelfPortraitwithBandagedEar,WheatFieldwithCrows【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章作者帶著讀者在詩意的歌詞中，欣賞梵高的一些著名畫作。1.B【解析】考查作者態(tài)度題。本篇文章是作者對梵高所表達的一種仰慕以及理解，故選B。2.C【解析】考查細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段歌詞中的Butstillyourlovewastrue.以及Thisworldwasnevermeantforone，Asbeautifulasyou.可知梵高是個真善美的人，故選C。3.A【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)flamingflowers可知第一個應該選Thesunflowers，直接選A。CVictorHugo,1802-1885,wasacelebratedFrenchliterarygiant.AftertheBritishandFrenchinvaders（入侵者）hadburnttheWinterPalace（圓明園）inOctober,1860,hewroteareplytoanofficernamedBartletteoneyearlater.Sir,youaskmewhatIthinkoftheexpedition（(遠征）toChina.Youmustfeelthatitwaslaudable.Inyouropinion,theexpedition,performedunderthejointbanner（聯(lián)合旗幟）ofQueenVictoriaandEmperorNapoleon,wasnothingshortofaBritish-Frenchglory.Therefore,youwouldliketoknowtowhatextentIappreciatethisglory.Sinceyouask,Iwillanswerasfollows:Inacomeroftheworldthereexistedaman-mademiracle-theWinterPalace.Arthastwosources:one,anideal,fromwhichhascomeEuropeanart;two,fancy,fromwhichhascomeEasternart.TheWinterPalacebelongsintheartoffancy.TheWinterPalace,indeed,wasthefruitofalloftheartthatanalmostsupermanracecouldhavefancied.ForwhomwastheWinterPalacebuilt,afterall?Eventually,forthepeople.Becauseastimepassesby,allthatthepeoplehasmaderemainsinthepossessionofmankind.Greatartists,poets,philosophers--theyallknewabouttheWinterPalace.Voltaireoncetalkedaboutit.ManypeopleatdifferenttimescomparedtheWinterPalacetotheParthenon,thePyramids,theArena,theNotreDame.IftheycouldnotseetheWinterPalacewiththeirowneyes,theycoulddreamaboutit--asifinthedistancetheysawabreath-takingmasterpieceofartastheyhadneverknownbefore--asifthereabovethehorizonofEuropeancivilizationwastoweringtheoutlineofAsiancivilization.Now,themiracleisnomore!Oneday,twopiratesbrokeintoit.Oneofthemrobbed;theotherseteverybuildingandeverythinginitonfire!Judgingbywhattheydid,weknowthatthevictorscoulddegenerateintorobbers.Thetwoofthemfelltodividingbetweenthemselvesthetreasure.Whatgreatvictoriestheyhadwon!Whataheaven-sentfortune!Onestuffedhispocketsfulltooverflowing;theotherfilledinhisbagswithtreasure.Then,handinhandtheymadeoff,laughinghappily.Incidentally,Imustthankyouforgivingmetheopportunitytoaccuse.Therulerscommitcrimesbuttheruleddonot.Thegovernmentbecomesarobber,butthepeoplewillnever.Francehasgainedalargeportionofthetreasure.Now,shethinksherselftherightfulowneroftheproperty（財物），andsheisdisplayingtherichesoftheWinterPalace!IcanonlyhopethattherewillcomeonedaywhenFrancewilldisburdenherselfoftheheavyloadonherconscienceandcleanherselfoffthecrimebyreturningtoChinaallthetreasuretakenfromtheWinterPalace.Sir,suchismypraiseoftheexpeditiontoChina.1.MrHugowrotethislettermainlyto .A.showhispraiseoftheexpeditiontoChinainreplytoBartlette'srequestB.persuadeFrenchofficerstoreturnthetreasuretakenfromtheWinterPalaceC.provepeopleholddifferentattitudestowardstheburningoftheWinterPalaceD.expresshisangerandcondemnationovertheburningoftheSummarPalace2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"laudable"mostprobablymean?A.praiseworthy B.violentC.unreasonable D.abundant3.Inthe4thparagraphVictorHugomentionedtheParthenon,thePyramids,theArenaandtheNotreDameinorderto .A.comparedifferentarchitecturalstylesB.praiseEuropeanandAfricancivilizationC.introducesomemorefamousbuildingstoBartletteD.emphasizethecivilizationalvalueoftheWinterPalace4."Twopirates"inParagraph5refersto .A.Bartletteandhisfellow B.BartletteandGreatBritainC.FranceandGreatBritain D.therulersandtheruled5.WecaninferthatwhenBartlettegottheletterfromVictorHugo,hemighthavefelt .A.satisfied B.proud C.disappointed D.frightened【語篇解讀】這是雨果對英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園的評論，展現(xiàn)了他的憤怒和譴責。1.D解析考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Therefore,youwouldliketoknowtowhatextentIappreciatethisglory.Sinceyouask,Iwillanswerasfollows以及最后一段可知，這是雨果對英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園的評論，展現(xiàn)了他的憤怒和譴責。故選D。2.A【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)Youmustfeelthatitwaslaudable.前后文可知，雨果對其在譴責的態(tài)度，但是“you”卻是想要他贊美其“豐功偉績”，故選A。3.D【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段IftheycouldnotseetheWinterPalacewiththeirowneyes,theycoulddreamaboutit--asifinthedistancetheysawabreath-takingmasterpieceofartastheyhadneverknownbefore--asifthereabovethehorizonofEuropeancivilizationwastoweringtheoutlineofAsiancivilization.可知親眼見到各個國家的標志性建筑才是有意義的，強調(diào)各個國家的標志建筑物對該文化的重要性。4.C【解析】考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)常識可知是英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園，故選C。5.C【解析】考查推理判斷題。Bartlette想要雨果贊揚，但是雨果對其進行兩兩抨擊和譴責，故選C。（江蘇省海安高級中學2019-2020學年高二下學期期末考試英語）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AASchengenvisaisashort-stayvisaawardedtopersonswishingtotraveltooneormanyofthecountriesthatmakeofthe26EuropeancountrySchengenArea.Itgrants(授予)eachholderentrytoallthecountriesintheareaonasinglevisa.SeveralnewSchengenvisaapplicationrulescameintoforceinallcountriesonFebruary2,2020.Checkoutsomeofthemajorchanges:IncreasedvisafeesTheSchengenvisafeehasincreasedfrom60eurosto80foradults,whilechildrenagedbetween6and12nowneedtopay40eurosinsteadof35.Theriseinfeesistoincreasestaffnumbers,ensurestrongersecurityscreenings,andupgradeITequipmentand