Unit3BacktothepastGrammarandusagepredicative表語是用來說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)的,表語常由_____________________________________________________________________________________等來充當(dāng)。Thetwopoliciesarecontradictory.Thisisawaterpump.Hisjobistohandletheproblem.名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、動詞過去分詞、動詞的-ing形式、形容詞、副詞、不定式和從句Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.

___________________________________主語系動詞表語從句總結(jié)：表語從句是指______________________,緊跟在________之后，對主語進(jìn)行解釋、說明，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。用_______語序。結(jié)構(gòu)：___________________________。從句在句子中充當(dāng)表語系動詞___主語+系動詞+引導(dǎo)詞+簡單句陳述LinkingVerbs系動詞be動詞感官類變化類am,is,are,was,were；look,sound,smell,taste,feel；可以接表語從句系動詞有：五感、五變、三保持、二像，一是”似乎”seem,appearExploringtherulesSimaQian,oneofthegreatesthistoriansinChinesehistory,wasbornineither145or135BCE.Influencedbyhisfather,whowasalsoahistorian,SimaQiantookaninterestinhistorywhenhewasachild.HelearntChineseclassicsfromgreatliterarymasters,andattheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletogetawiderangeofinformation.Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.WorkingouttherulesWecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofasentence.Wecanusethattointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(1)_________.Wecanusewhethertointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(2)_____________.Wecanusewhat,why,when,where,etc.tointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(3)___________.statementyes-noquestionwh-question對......感興趣周游全國獲取廣泛的信息接替他父親成為太史令方便他接觸......整理可用的資源

takeaninterestin...travelextensivelyacrossthecountrygetawiderangeofinformationsucceedhisfatherasGrandHistorianfacilitatehisaccessto...sortoutavailableresourcesUsefulExpressions需要艱苦的努力有效且高效地繼續(xù)某事被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄身體上和精神上無論順境還是逆境UsefulExpressionsrequirepainstakingeffortseffectivelyandefficientlycarryonwith...beputinprisonphysicallyandmentallyingoodtimesorbadtimes引導(dǎo)詞從屬連詞:

that,whether,asif,asthough,because…連接副詞:

when,where,how,why,…+(ever)連接代詞:

what,who,whom,whose,which,…+everPredicativeclauses(1)從屬連詞:that&whether

用法歸納：a.that引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，有/沒有意義。b.whether引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，通常翻譯為“______”。注意，引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)通常不用if。連接√√連接√是否1.Hisfather’sdreamwas

thatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.2.Hischiefconcernwas

whetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.(1)從屬連詞:

because

1.Hefailedthemathexam.That’sbecausehewastoocareless.2.Hewastoocareless.That’swhyhefailedthemathexam.

3.Thereasonwhyhefailedthemathexamisthathewastoocareless.用法歸納：Thatisbecause…那是因?yàn)?..Thatiswhy…那就是為什么...Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat......的原因是...(1)從屬連詞:

asif/asthough

“似乎、好像”asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句如果是事實(shí)，就用陳述語氣；如果與事實(shí)不符，就用虛擬語氣:

從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用一般過去式；

從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用had+過去分詞；從句表示將來的可能性不大，用would/might/could+動詞原形)。Asifthat______(be)notenough,JessicareturnedtotheOlypmicsandwonasilvermedalin2016,justtwoyearsaftergivingbirthtoherfirstchild.were(1)從屬連詞:

asif/asthough

1.Helooksasifhe________(be)arichman.2.Helookedjust

asif

he___________(look)tenyearsbefore.

3.Itlooks

asif

_________________.

看起來好像要下雨了。4.Itseemsasifhe

(benefit)alotfromtheprojets.hadlookedwere

itmightrainbenefits(2)連接代詞:who,whom,whose,which,what,wh-ever1.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework.2.Thequestioniswho/whomIshouldaskforadvice.3.MytroubleiswhoseadviceIshouldfollow.4.Mytopconcerniswhichjobissuitableforme.5.Exerciseiswhatkeepsushealthy.6.Thatmountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.用法歸納：連接代詞引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，既起______作用，又作句子成分(通常作_____________________)等。連接主語,賓語,表語,定語what可以表示“什么，什么樣子，或所…的（人或事）”主語賓語定語定語主語表語(3)連接副詞：when,where,why,how...M:ThesmallvillageiswhereMarylives.Shebecamedisabledafteracaraccident.Thatwaswhenshewasinhighschool.W:Poorgirl!Thequestionishowshehasmanagedtoliveanormallife.M:Sheisanoptimisticgirlgiftedinpainting.Herworksarepopularonline.That’swhyshecanearnherliving.用法歸納：連接副詞引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，既起______作用，又作句子成分（通常作______）。連接狀語(4)特殊規(guī)則：特定名詞+that+（should）do結(jié)構(gòu)用法歸納：表示___________________(advise,suggestion,request,

proposal,idea,demand,order)等后面的表語，那么表語從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣,即謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”,should可省略。建議，要求，命令Myadviceisthatyou(should)thinkitoverbeforeyoumakeadecision.引導(dǎo)詞連詞連接代詞連接副詞在從句中不作成分，只起連接作用