名詞性從句GrammarNounClauseJusthaveago.Canyouchoosethebestanswertoeachsentence?thatwhetherWhat4.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.

5.Pleaseremindme_______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.

6.---Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?

---Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.

7.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_________itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.

whatwhenwhatthatCanyoudistinguishTHAT-CLAUSEinthetwosentences?在復合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組,它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞從句Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{

{名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞主語表語Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.

{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.

{同位語賓語

1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.2.Iwonder__________youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.

4.Weallknowthetruth_____theearth_______(move)aroundthesun.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句PracticeThatwhetherwhythatmovesPredictiveClause(表語從句)ObjectClause(賓語從句)SubjectClause(主語從句)AppositiveClause同位語從句FindclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthemSubjectClause主語從句“It”isusedas

emptysubject形式主語為避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.在下列句型中常使用that引導主語從句賓語從句在句中充當賓語成分（可以作謂語動詞、介詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語）Theyknow

that

thehabitwillkillthem.Italldependson

whethertheywillsupportus.Heasked

howmuchIpaidfortheviolin.Hemade

it

cleartothepublic

that

hedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifind

it

necessary

that

weshoulddothehomework.Tellthefunctionofthefollowingclausesthat,whether，if（that常可省略）

who,what,which,whoever,whatever,

whenwherewhyhow連詞

當whether后緊跟or/ornot時,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay

介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.

IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.

注意和if都可以引導賓語從句Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’s

whyIwaslate.表語從句:在句中充當表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后.作用：對主語進行解釋說明。表語從句連接詞when/where/why/how/becausethat/whether/asif/asthough（if不引導表語從句)連接代詞：who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞同位語從句在句中充當同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news

等）后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明.同位語從句常用that引導或用連接副詞when/where/why/how/whether3)Sydneykepthispromise

thathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.同位語從句1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________

Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________Weheardthenewslastnightthat

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview._______ManyBritishparentsholdtheview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________________DotheExercise分析下列賓語從句中的連詞3個句子中的連詞that,whether,if（是否）在名詞性從句中只起連接作用，在句中不擔任成分,被稱為連接詞注意：A.that本身無意義，在賓語從句中可以省略，但在別的三種名詞性從句中不可以省略。B.whether和if有是否的意義，在賓語從句中二者通常可以互換。但whether可以用于所有的四種名詞性從句，而if僅可以用于賓語從句。引導名詞從句的關聯(lián)詞。連接詞一、名詞性從句的語序（1）名詞性從句構成有兩種a.That+陳述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.

Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.名詞性從句考點歸納b.疑問詞+句子的剩余成分(2)疑問詞引導的名詞性從句要求使用陳述句

語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？

FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。

Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()

Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用（1）that和what的選用that和what都可引導所有的名詞從句。

但是，what除起連接作用外，還在名

詞性從句中充當成分，可做從句的主

語、賓語、或表語。而that在名詞性從

句中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用。that/whatWhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat

a.主語從句

b.表語從句

c.同位語從句

e.介詞后的賓語從句

f.whethertodo做動詞賓語不能用iftodo.

gwhetherornot連在一起引導賓語從句時不用if.if和whether的選用不能使用if的情況：

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenair

tomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherif/whether其它連接代詞和副詞的連用主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、

how

等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當各種成分。

我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。

________weshallholdoursportsmeetingis

notdecided.

我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。

Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.

我不知道他長的什么樣子。

Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.

這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。

Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.

Whenwhowhatwherethat可省略的情況：

that不可省略的情況：

主語從句

表語從句

同位語從句

用it做形式賓語的賓語從句

并列的賓語從句中的后幾個從句的

引導詞that不能省略引導詞that的省略單個賓語從句中的that可省略(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatthat/(that)1.同位語從句的格式：2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：3.連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用

三、同位語從句的引導和辨別n.+連接詞+從句

order,belief,suggestion,advice,information等

whether,what,when,where等來引導同位語從句。fact、idea,news,wherehowthatthatwhetherthat/whether/where/how1.定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當一個句子成分，充當從句的賓語成分時可省略。2.同位語從句對中心詞的內(nèi)容作進一步的解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導同位語從句的that在同位語從句中不做任何成分,只起連接作用,無具體含義,且不可省略.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別1.Theinformationhasbeenannounced

thatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.

2.Theinformation

thatherevealedatthemeeting

isofgreatvalue.ATAPAPATAttributiveorAppositiveHegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.名詞demand,suggestion,proposal,advice

等詞后的同位語從句的語氣要用虛擬語氣,

結構為should+do,should可省略a.他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn)的.

Hebelieves_________________________.

b.請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么.

Pleasetellme_________________________.whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應1.如果主句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或將來時,從句謂語

可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài).

他告訴我他正在為考試做準備。

Hetoldme________________________________.

他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。

Hetoldme_________________________________.

老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行的。

Theteachertoldus_________________________.hewaspreparingfortheexaminationhehadbeenawayfromhishometown

fortenyearslighttravelsinastraightline.2.如果主句謂語是過去時,從句謂語動詞一般用過去的

某種時態(tài),但從句表達的是客觀事實、真理、自然規(guī)

律等時，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。

1.Thereason______wedidn'ttrusthimwas______heoftenlied．2.Thereason____hegaveforhisabsentwas______hewasill.reason后面的表語從句只能用that引導,不能用why引導,但reason后面的定語從句可以用why或者that引導。在名詞性從句中，我們還須特別注意以下問題：whythatthatthatPracticetimeChoosethebestanswerthatthatwhenthatthatthatwhat7.Thequestionis____________thefilmisworthseeing.

8.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.9.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.

whetherthatwhythatWhatwhyWhetherthatthat14.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.---____hebrokeitmademenearlymad.15.Itremainsaquestion____wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.

Thathow18.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand____mademattersworsewas___nightbegantofall.

whatthat1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.A.that B.which C.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.what C.thatD.how3.It______Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthat B.thinksthatC.isthoughtthat D.isthoughtthat4.It______heislateforclass.A.maythat B.mightthatC.maybethat D.mightbewhat5.Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.which C.thatD.what6.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.what C.whichD.when7.Thequestionis______itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whether C.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.why C.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.that C.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam______atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuild C.bebuiltD.willbeb