SectionⅠReadingandThinking(1)閱讀理解。AScientistslearnedrecentlythatfishwasthemainsourceofproteinforpeopleinsouthernScandinaviamanythousandsofyearsago.Theyalsoateotheranimalsthatliveinthewater.ThefindingscomefromLundUniversityinSweden.Scientiststheretestedancienthumanbonesfrommorethan80individuals.OneoftheresearcherswasAdamBoethius.Hesaidbystudyingthechemistryofthebones,theylearnedthedietofthepeopletheybelongedto.“Basicallyyouarewhatyoueat.Andsowhenyoustudythis—stableisotopes—yougetanindicatorofwhatthehumanshavebeeneating.〞Thestudyexaminedtheimportanceofamixofproteinsourcesinthehumandietfromaround10,500to7,500yearsago.TheyfoundthatinScandinaviamostofwhatpeopleatecamefromthesea.Boethiussaidbackthen,fishmadeup50to70percentofthediet.Hesaidotherseaanimalslikesealsanddolphinsbroughtthatpercentagetoalmost100percent.Thisresearchchangedtheunderstandingofhowancientpeopleofthearealived.Earlierstudiessuggestedthesepeoplehuntedbiganimalsandmovedaroundalottofollowthem.Butthechemicalexaminationsdidnotshowproteinslinkedtodeerandelkandotherlandanimalsofthetime.Boethiussaidscientistsnowbelievethesepeoplestayedinplaceformostoftheirlivesandatelocalfood.Thediscovery,heargued,providesevidencethat“settlementsappearedinScandinaviamuchearlierthanresearchersoncebelieved〞.1.Theword“they〞inthesecondparagraphrefersto.

A.bonesB.chemicalsC.AnimalsD.foods2.Whatcanbeconcludedfromtheresearch?A.InScandinaviamostpeoplelivedahappylife.B.Scandinavians’bonesweredifferentfromthoseofothers.C.AncientScandinaviansatenearlynothingexceptseaanimals.D.Scandinavians’dietwasparticularlyrichinprotein.3.Whatdidresearchersoncebelieve?A.Ancientpeopledidn’tknowhowtocook.B.AncientScandinaviansstayedinoneplaceforalongtime.C.AncientScandinavianslivedonlandanimals.D.MostancientScandinavianspreferredlocalfood.4.Whatisthetextmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewdiscovery.B.Asciencetheory.C.Animportanthistory.D.Anancientlifestyle.B“Oldwives’tales〞arebeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Forexample,mostofusrememberourparentstellingustoeatmoreofcertainfoodsornottodocertainthings.Isthereanytruthintheseteachings?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking,butothershavenotpassedthetestoftime.Didyourmotherevertellyoutoeatcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodforyoureyes?Scientistsnowreportthateatingcarrotscanhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardegeneration.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.Garlicisgoodforyou,too.Itcankillthetypeofvirusthatcausescolds.Unfortunately,notallofmum’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’tales.Afterall,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(積累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.Weshouldrespectthisbodyofknowledgeevenaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrueorfalse.

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Eatinggarlicisgoodforoureyes.B.Stickysweetsaredamagingtoourteeth.C.Swimmingafteramealisdangerous.D.Carrotspreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.6.Theauthordevelopsthethirdparagraphmainly.

A.bycauseandeffectB.byorderinspaceC.byorderintimeD.byexamples7.Thephrase“holdwater〞inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans“〞.

A.tobebelievable B.tobevaluableC.tobeadmirable D.tobesuitable8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“oldwives’tales〞inthetext?A.Subjective.B.Objective.C.Dissatisfied. D.Curious.CManycitiesandtownshavelawsthatrequirepeopletorecyclepaperandplastics.NowCaliforniaandVermonthavelawsaboutrecyclingfoodwastethatapplytobusinessesandhomes.Theprocessofrecyclingfoodwasteandturningitintousablesoiliscalledcomposting(堆制肥料).Foodwastethatcanbecompostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasleavescanalsobecompostedbutmeatandfishwastecannotberecycled.Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,compostingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills(垃圾填埋場).Compostedwasteholdsmanynutrients(營養物)anditcanbeaddedtothesoilingardensandfields.Reducingtheamountofwastethatgoesintolandfillsisonereasonwhycitiesandstatesareadopting(通過)food-wasterecyclinglaws.OfficialsinSeattle,Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.Thatcityhasalawaskingpeopletorecyclefoodwaste.Itisbannedfromallgarbage.Thereisafineforpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.ReneeCrowley,aprojectmanagerattheLowerEastSideEcologyCentre,pointsoutthatincommunitieswherefoodrecyclingisnotalaw,thereareplaceswherepeoplecandropofftheirfoodwasteforcomposting.Manyschoolsandcollegeshavealsostartedcompostingprogrammes.Criticsoffood-recyclinglawssaythatthecompostingprocessmaybeutopianbecauseitisdifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwasteastheydon’thaveoutsidestoragebins.OneresidentofOrangeCounty,Lily,saidthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.9.Whatdoweknowaboutcomposting?A.Allthefoodwastecanbecomposted.B.Compostedwasteisofbenefittocrops.C.Compostingwillmakelandfillsdisappear.D.Compostingmeansrecyclingpaperandplastics.10.WhatareofficialsinSeattletryingtodo?A.Reducefoodwastegoingintolandfills.B.Banbusinessesfromdroppingofffoodwaste.C.Callonschoolstostartcompostingprogrammes.D.Makelawstopunishpeopleputtingtrashintogarbage.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utopian〞mean?A.Slow. B.Unexpected.C.Unrealistic. D.Expensive.12.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Thebenefitsofcomposting.B.Howtodealwithfoodwasteinourlife.C.Thereistoomuchfoodwasteintheworld.D.Lawsaboutrecyclingfoodwaste.ReadingandThinking(2)Ⅰ.單句語法填空。1.Mostofthesenewtoolsandserviceshavebeenmarketedtothe(consume).

2.Werecommendthatyousolveallerrorspriorto(test)thesystem.

3.Ourgreatesthappinessconsistsservingthepeople.

4.Theteachercameinwithsomestudents(follow)him.

5.IhopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.

6.(exhaust),Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.

7.Putmore(simple),happinessliesinhardwork.

8.Asweallknow,everyoneadmiresherbecausesheis(elegance)andbeautiful.

9.Bothrestaurant(chef)andhousewivesareexpertincookingseafood,soupsandmeat.

10.Promotioninthefirstyearisonlygivenin(exception)situations.

Ⅱ.用適當的介/副詞填空。1.Anaveragestudentcanbeatopstudentwithadditionalwork.Cathyisacasepoint.

2.aminimum,theworkingspaceshouldnotbedullanddepressing.

3.thecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.

4.Youcanslicejustafewcookiestobakeatatime.

5.Notethatyoumusttakesomemedicinepriorthischangehappening.

6.Wewouldliketogohandhandwithyouandtocreateamoresplendidfuturetogether.

7.Thisisatechnicalproblem,whichIwillhavetoreferourtechnicaldepartment.

8.Ayearconsiststwelvemonths.

Ⅲ.語法填空。Mostpeopletodayrelatethissaying“Tellmewhatyoueat,andIwilltellyouwhatyouare.〞1.healthyeating.2.,Brillat-Savarinwas3.(actual)referringtoourpersonality,character,andculture.Priorto4.(come)toChina,thewriter’sonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmericaandit5.(change)tosuitAmericantastes.Afterhehadachance6.(experience)authenticChinesefoodbycomingtoChina,he7.(realise)thatthroughfood,Chinesepeopleeverywhereshowfriendshipand8.(kind).Thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsumetelluswhattheygrowin9.(they)region,whatkindsoflivestheylead,andwhattheylikeanddonotlike.10.wecansayisthatcultureandcuisinegohandinhand.

Ⅳ.閱讀理解。Onaverage,primaryschoolchildreninEnglandhaveatleastthreesugarysnacksaday,PublicHealthEngland(PHE)found.Thismeansthatthesugartheyconsumeisthreetimesmorethantherecommendedmaximum.Childrenbetweentheagesof4and10consume51.2%ofsugarfromunhealthysnacks.PHEhaslaunchedacampaign,Change4Life,toencourageparentstolookforhealthiersnacksofnomorethan100calories,andtolimitthemtotwoaday.Thecampaignadvisesparentstogivetheirchildrenamaximumoftwosnacksaday,witheachcontainingnomorethan100calories.Thecampaignwillalsoofferparentsspecialsuggestionsonarangeofhealthiersnacks—oneswith100caloriesorfewer—atselectedsupermarkets,PHEsaid.PHEsaidithadalsoimproveditsappsothatitcouldmarkthecontentofsugar,saltandfatinfoodanddrinks.DrAlisonTedstonetoldtheBBCshehopedthecampaignwouldhelpparentstochoosehealthiersnacksfortheirchildren.“Ifyouwanderthroughasupermarket,youcanseemuchmoregoodsbeingsoldassnacksthaneverbefore,〞shesaid.“It’sacommonphenomenonthatkids’lunchboxesarefullofsnacks,leadingtoalotofcaloriesforlunch.Ourresearchshowsthatparentsusuallyappreciatearuleofthumb(經驗法那么).However,theyaresurprisedtoknowhowmuchsugartheirchildrenareconsuminginsnacksnow.〞JustineRoberts,founderofMumsnet,said,“Theintake(攝入量)ofsugarthatkidsaregettingfromsnacksandsugarydrinksaloneisprettyastonishing,anditcanoftenbedifficulttodistinguishwhichsnacksarehealthyandwhicharenot.TheruleofthumbfromChange4Lifecanhelpparentsmaketheirdecisioncorrectlyandwisely.〞1.WhatcanPHE’simprovedapphelpparentsdo?A.Testthecaloriesofsnacks.B.Choosedelicioussnacks.C.Knowtheexactcontentinsnacks.D.Savemuchmoneytobuysnacks.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromJustineRoberts’words?A.Mostparents’formerexperienceaboutsnacksispractical.B.Itiseasytotellhealthysnacksandunhealthysnacksapart.C.Childrenonlytakeinlotsofsugarfromsnacksandsugarydrinks.D.Change4Lifeismeaningfulforparents’decisionsonsnacks.3.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SolvetheHealthProblemsofChildrenB.ChangetheEatingHabitsofChildrenC.LimitChildren’sIntakeofCaloriesD.EnsureChildren’sHealthyLifestyleⅤ.完形填空。Onerainynight,Iwaswaitingatacrossroadsinmycarwhensomeoneknockedonmywindow.Itwasayoungboy1forsomething.AfterIheardhissuffering,myheartsuddenlydropped.2,Iwasafraidofreachingout.

Whatifheaskedformore?Whatifhewasjustusedbybadpeopletoprovoke(喚起)3inpeople?Ididn’twanttogivehimmoneybutrememberedthatlittleburgermykiddidn’twanttoeatanymoreonthebackseat.Foodwouldbeabetterandsafer4.SoIrolleddownmywindow,handedtheburgertohimand5.Hedidthesamethroughthepouringrain.

Againmyheartdropped.“Howcanhebehappyforsomethingso6?〞IsuddenlyfeltlikeIwasdoingsomething7.Ishouldhavedonemoreforhim.Halfguilty(愧疚的),I8atleastmysmilewouldtellhimthatIcaredabouthim.

Thelightturnedgreen,whichmeantwehadtoendour9.AsIlookedbacktoseewhathewoulddo,Isawhim10toanotherboyintheoppositestreet.Whentheboyranuptohim,he11theburgerinhalf,andgaveoneparttohim.Myheartdroppedathirdtime.

Iaskedmyself,“Howcouldachildsopoor12thelittlehehad?〞HereIwasinacomfortablecar,worriedabouthimtaking13ofme.

Thatexperienceshowedmehowsomething14livesinthosewhoseemtohavenothing.IalsosawhoweasilyI15thestereotype(刻板印象)ofsocietytopreventmyabilitytogive.

1.A.searchingB.waitingC.asking D.fighting2.A.Naturally B.ClearlyC.However