2022-2023學年吉林省長春市高二（上）期末英語試卷

題號一―三四五八總分

得分

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑；如需改動，用

橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

MeetIncredibleConservationHeroesSavingWildlifefromExtinction

AnneSavage

Dr.Savagefoundedaconservationprogramtoprotectcotton-toptamarins（棉頂被猴）.Shepioneeredin

thedevelopmentofnewtechnologiestostudytheanimalintheColombianfbrest.Shealsohelpedconduct

astudythatfoundonly7,500individualsremained.Asaresult,theInternationalUnionforConservation

ofNaturechangedtheclassificationofcotton-toptamarinsfromEndangeredtoCriticallyEndangered,

whichbroughtthespeciestomorepeople'snotice.

ElenaBykova

Havingmajoredinbiology,Bykovahasagoodknowledgeofthesaigaantelope（賽力口羚羊）.As

ExecutiveSecretaryoftheSaigaConservationAlliance,aninternationalorganization,Bykovaworksto

savetheantelope.Illegalshootingisthesinglebiggestthreat,andBykovaconcentratesonraisingpublic

awarenessofthedanger,findingalternativelivelihoodopportunitiesforlocalcommunities,andprotecting

saigahabitats.

JeanneTarrant

FrogsareastonishinglydiverseandbeautifulforDr.Tarrant.Overtheyears,shehashelpedputthe

spotlightonmanyhighlythreatenedspeciesoffrogsthatfaceextinctionduetohabitatloss,climate

change,andhuntsbytheiranimalenemies.Nowondersheiscalledthe"FrogLady1'ofSouthAfrica!

MarilynConnell

LivingonlyintheMaryRiverofQueensland,theMaryRiverturtle（龜）takesinoxygenintwo

ways.BeinghuntedbyotherwildlifeistheMaryRiverturtle'sbiggestthreat.Connellandherteam

investigatethethreatstothespeciesandtakemeasurestoprotecttheeggsandnewbornsfrombeing

hunted,ensuringthespecieshasachancetosurvive.

1.Whatmadecotton-toptamarinsgetmoreattention?

A.Dr.Savage^conservationprogram.

B.Theadjustmenttotheirriskcategory.

C.Researchintocotton-toptamarins.

D.Thedevelopmentofnewtechnologies.

2.WhatdoesElenaBykovadotoprotectthesaigaantelope?

A.Shefoundsaninternationalorganization.

B.Shechoosesbiologyashermainsubjectofstudy.

C.Sheprovideswaysforlocalstomakealiving.

D.Shefightsagainstthebehaviorofillegalshooting.

3.WhataffectsthesurvivalofbothfrogsandtheMaryRiverturtles?

A.Changestolivinghabits.B.Threatsfromotherspecies.

C.Lossoftheirhabitat.D.Difficultyinraisingnewborns.

B

Bornin1902,HarryBeckwasanEnglishengineeringdraftsman（制圖員）whobroughtaboutasmall

revolutionintheearly1930swhenhecreatedacompletelynewmapoftheLondonUnderground.

BeforeBeck'sdesign,earlymapswereusuallydrawntoageographicallyaccuratescale（比例）.Map

designerssimplyplacedthesubwaylinesonstandardmapsofthecitystreets.Thesemapsclearlyshowed

thesubwaylinesthatreachedtheareasoutsidethecentreofLondon,buttheymadeitdifficulttomakeout

thebusylinesthatjoineddirectlyundercentralLondon.

Inthe1930s,Beckcameupwithasolutionthatwouldnottakethegeographicalaccuracyintoaccount.He

createdamapthatwasascaled-downlineardiagramofthesubwaylines.Moreabasicoutlineofthelines

thanatrue-to-lifemap,itdidn'ttelltravelersabouthowfaritactuallywasbetweentwopoints.Beck'smap

hadacleanstructurewithcolouredlines.Hisideawastocreatetheplainestguidetoshowtravelershowto

getfromonestationtoanother.

It'snotclearwhatinspiredhimtostarttheproject；hewasn'taskedtodoit,butlikelydevelopedhisdesign

inhisfreetime,whilebetweenjobs.ltwasmoreapresentationofhisbeingcreative,inseeingaproblem

andcomingupwithananswertoit,thanaresponsetopublicdemand.

HisdesignwasthenpresentedtotheLondonPassengerTransportBoard,whosemembersrefusedto

acceptit,feelingthatnotshowingrelativedistancesbetweenstationswassillyandunreasonable.Still,

afteratime,inordertoincreasesubwayridershipandthereforeearnmoremoney,theBoarddecidedto

printalimitednumberofcopies.Gradually,Beck'smapbecameahugesuccess.

Formostofhislife,Beckcontinuedtomakesmallimprovementstothediagram,buthekeptitsbasic

designsandideas.Hiscleardiagrammaticmethodofmappinghasbeengenerallyacceptedandfollowedin

thefieldofinformationdesignnotonlyinLondonbutalsoaroundtheworld.

4.Whatisthedisadvantageofearlysubwaymaps?

A.Theywerenottoscale.B.Theywerehardtodraw.

C.Theywerenotuser-friendly.D.Theywereseldomupdated.

5.WhichaspectofasubwaymapdidBeckfocuson?

A.Itssimplicity.B.Itsvividdetails.

C.Itscompleteness.D.Itsgeographicalaccuracy.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutBeck'smapfromparagraphs4and5?

A.Itwascreatedaccidentally.

B.Itwasanimmediatesuccess.

C.Itwasareflectionofhiscreativity.

D.Itwasdesignedtomeetpublicneed.

7.HowdidBeckcontributetotheworld?

A.Hechangedtheconstructionofsubways.

B.Heinspireddesignerstoimprovethesubway.

C.Hemadethefirstscaled-downlinearmap.

D.Heprovidedamodelforthedesignofsubwaymaps.

c

PieterBruegel's1565realisticpaintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.nThe

workdescribesfarmerscuttingwheatnearlyastallastheyare,"GhentUniversitybiologistIveDeSmet

says."Nowadays,ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield,youbasicallyseewheatisaboutknee-high,which

isaconsequenceofselectivebreeding（培育）fromthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury."DeSmetsays

he'steamingupwitharthistorianDavidVergauwenofAmaranttolookatthingswheretheycanspot

differencesinshape,incolor,andinsize.Wheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelp

trackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.

Friendssincechildhood,theytookinterestinplantsinartworkandbeganwithavisittotheHermitage

MuseuminRussia一wheretheynoticedanodd-lookingwatermeloninanearly-17th-centurypaintingby

FlemishartistFransSnyders.

"Soifyouthinkofawatermelon,youcutitthrough,itshouldbedarkredontheinside.Butthatone

appearedtobepaleandwhite."DeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.ButVergauwensaid,

"Thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepaintsitlikethat,that*sthewayitmusthave

been."Otherpaintingsshowedthatbothredandwhitewatermelonswereraisedduringthe17thcentury.

Theteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theycreateasocialmedia

hashtag（主題標簽）fbrit.Anyonecouldsendpicturesofrelevantartworkanddetailsofplantswhen

theyvisitamuseumorexhibitthroughthehashtag.But,theyadd,thesourcesneedtoberealistic.uIf

you'regoingtouse,forexample,Picassotounderstandhowapearlooked,youmightbemisled.'1

8.WhatcanwelearnfromDeSmet'swordsinparagraph1?

A.Humanshavemainlyfedonwheatsince1565.

B.Selectivebreedingaffectsagriculturalstructure.

C.Wheathasgonethroughgreatchangesinheight.

D.ThesceneinTheHarvestersmaybeunbelievable.

9.WhatisVergauwen'sattitudetothewatermelonpaintedbyFransSnyders?

A.Curious.B.Disapproving.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.

10.Whyisthesocialmediahashtagcreated?

A.Tocollectmorepaintingsfortheirdatabase.

B.Toencouragepeopletofocusonart.

C.Toadvertisetheirresearchdatabase.

D.Tosharesomehistoricalplantartwork.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Ancientpaintingsfocusedonfoodcrops.

B.Historicalartworkrevealsagriculturalinformation.

C.Twomencreateadatabaseofplantartwork.

D.Plantstodayaredifferentfromtheirancestors.

D

Wehumansoftennavigate（導航）usingroadsignsandGPS.Butwhataboutelephants?ConnieAllen,

abehaviouralecologistattheUniversityofExeterintheU.K.,said“theelephantsnavigateoverlong

distancesusingtheirunbelievablememories",whichmakesothersconsiderthatanelephantwillnever

forget.Butit'salsobeensuggestedhereandtherethatmaybeisextremelyimportantforthese

long-distancemovements.

AllenandhercolleaguescheckedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants*abilitytoidentifyaveryspecial

smell：thesmellofpee（尿）.Yousee,anelephantpeesalot一some12to15gallonsaday一andthat

peecancontainaseriesofchemicalsignals.

Butfirst,theyneededsomepee.SotheyheadedforaspotalongBotswana'sBotetiRiverandwaited.They

waitedforelephantstopeeand,within20minutes,wentandcollectedthesefreshpeesamples.Thenthey

setupcamerasonsevenpathswhichtheelephantsusuallywalkedalong.Afterobservingtheelephants*

naturalbehaviouronthepaths,theynoticedthatthemajorityoftheelephantscheckedsmellsalongthe

paths-especiallyelephantstravellingalone,whichisanindication,theresearcherssaid,thatsmellsmay

serveassignpostsalongthepaths.

Next,theyplacedthosepeesamplesalongthepaths.Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passing

elephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples,especiallysamplesfrommatureadults,whichisanother

indicationthatsmellsmightbeaneffectivenavigationalsignaLTheirfindingsappearedinthejournal

AnimalBehaviour.

Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeabletouseelephantpeeasadecoy（誘餌）.If

wecantrickelephantsintothinkingotherelephantsaregoingthisway,maybewecanredirectthemaway

fromwheretheyarecomingintoconflictwithhumansatthemoment.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"olfaction"inparagraph1mean?

A.Theroadsidesignpost.B.Thesenseofsmell.

C.Thelong-termmemory.D.Thesenseofdirection.

13.Howdidresearchersgettheirconclusions?

A.Bydoingfieldresearch.B.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bydoinglaboratoryexperiments.

14.Whatmightbeapotentialbenefitofthefindingsaccordingtothetext?

A.Helpingelephantstofindothercompanions.

B.Inspiringnewresearchdirectionsinelephants.

C.Raisingpublicawarenessofelephantprotection.

D.Makingelephantsandhumanscoexistpeacefully.

15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AfricanElephantsShowPersonality-basedMovements

B.ElephantsAreBornWithExcellentAbilitytoNavigate

C.AfricanElephantsMayUsePeeasaRoadSign

D.ElephantsHaveaGoodMemoryforRoads

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Nowadays,learningaforeignlanguageisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.(1)Asyoumayhave

heard,languagelearningisamarathon,notasprint(短跑).Butattheenditwillbewellworthit,Hereare

somebenefitsoflearningaforeignlanguage.

Itopensyouuptomanynewpeople.Knowinganotherlanguageenablesyoutocommunicatewithmoreof

theworld'speopleandbefriendthem.(2)You'llmeetlotsofgreatpeopleyouotherwiselikelywouldn't

havethechancetomeetifitweren'tforlanguagelearning.

(3)Bylearningthelanguageofaparticularforeigncountry,youareopeningyourselftoall

kindsofnewculturalinsightsthatyouhaven'tknownaboutbefore.Thererssomuchmorethanwhatyou*ve

gotexposedtowhenyoustarttoadoptthelanguage.Music,food,theatre,literature,andhistoryarejustafew

thingsamongmanyothersthatyou'llbeabletolearnmoreaboutasyoulearnmoreaboutthelanguage.

Itopensthedoorfornewopportunities.Youmayhaveanewprogram,anewjob,oranyotheropportunity

thatinvolvesmovingtoaforeigncountry.(4)Ifyou'reastudentlookingtostudyabroad,you'llfindthat

you'llbemuchbetteroffknowingthelanguageofthatcountry.

Itenablesyoutobetterenjoyyourtravelabroad.Theobviousbenefitoflearninganewlanguageisthat

yourplansoftripswillgetaseriousboostwhenyoutravel!Bylearningthelanguageofacountry,youwill

feelconfidentandfreetotravelaroundthecountry.⑸

A.Itexposesyoutodifferentcultures.

B.Ofcourse,itcomeswithchallengesanddifficulties.

C.Itinspiresyoutorespectculturesindifferentcountries.

D.Yourtravelexperienceswillbecomemuchmoreauthentic.

E.Meetinggreatpeoplehelpsyoubetterlearnaforeignlanguage.

F.There'snodoubtthatknowinganotherlanguagebringsinmorepossibilities.

G.Thepracticeoflearningwillofferyouthechancetomeetlike-mindedpeople.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Musicproducesprofoundandlastingchangesinthebrain.Schoolsshouldaddclasses,notcutthem.Nearly

20yearsagoasmallstudyadvancedthe⑵)thatlisteningtoMozart'sSonatacouldboostmental

functioning.ltwasnotlong(22)trademarked"Mozarteffect"productsappealedtoanxiousparentsaiming

toputtoddlers(剛學步的孩子)onthefasttracktothefamousuniversitieslikeHarvardand

Yale.Georgia'sgovernoreven(23)givingeverynewbornthereaclassicalCDorcassette.

The(24)fbrMozarttherapyturnedouttobeweak,perhapsnonexistent,althoughthe(25)studynever

claimedanythingmorethanatemporaryandlimitedeffect.Inrecentyears,(26),scientistshaveexamined

thebenefitsofacontinuousefforttostudyandpracticemusic,asopposedtoplayingaMozartCDora

computer-based"brainfitness"game(27)inawhile.

Advancedmonitoring(28)haveenabledscientiststoseewhathappensinsideyourheadwhenyoulistento

yourmotherandactuallypracticetheviolinforanhoureveryafternoon.Andtheyhavefoundthatmusic

(29)canproduceprofoundandlastingchangesthat(30)thegeneralabilitytoIearn.Theseresultsshould

(31)publicofficialsthatmusicclassesarenotameredecoration,readyforbeinggivenupinthebudget

crisesthatconstantlytroublespublicschools.

Studieshaveshown(32)instrumenttrainingfromanearlyagecanhelpthebrainto(33)soundsbetter,

makingit(34)tostayfocusedwhenabsorbingothersubjects,fromliteraturetomathematics.Themusically

experiencedarebetterableto(35)abiologylessondespitethenoiseintheclassroomor,afewyearslater,

tofinishacallwithaclientwhenacolleagueinthenextofficestartsscreamingatasubordinate(下

屬).Theycanbeengagedinseveralthingsatonce,whichisanessentialskillinthiseraofmultitasking.

21.A.noticeB.noteC.ideaD.impression

22.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before

23.A.proposedB.pushedC.submittedD.subjected

24.A.witnessB.evidenceC.symptomD.context

25.A.recentB.advancedC.originalD.latest

26.A.howeverB.moreoverC.thenD.therefore

27.A.quiteB.onceC.oftenD.much

28.A.managementB.techniquesC.informationD.skills

29.A.subjectsB.modelsC.causesD.lessons

30.A.enhanceB.introduceC.ensureD.instruct

31.A.conveyB.convinceC.communicationD.conclude

32.A.urgentB.casualC.diligentD.occasional

33.A.proceedB.processC.preferD.predict

34.A.easierB.harderC.tougherD.faster

35.A.countonB.concentrateonC.insistonD.dependon

第II卷(非選擇題)

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Sorapidlydoesthetechnologydevelopthatnoonecanpredictwhatmayhappentomorrow.The

numberof5GusersinChinahasreached20percent,whichleavesthepeopleintheworld(1)

(amaze).InChina,operatorsarequick(2)(provide)continuousnationwidecoverage,ensuring

usersaconsistentexperience.Theyalsoofferflexibleservicepackages,(3)deliversabeneficial

resultforbothusersandthemselves.

High-quality5Gnetworks(4)(drive)rapidgrowthofmobiledatatrafficsofar,accordingtoDing,

YunHuawei'sexecutivedirectorandpresidentofitscarrierbusinessgroup.Asisestimated,the

averagedatatrafficper(5)(use)permonthwillreach600GBby2O3O.Theenergyconsumption

ofwirelessnetworkswill(6)(certain)increasealot,ifenergyefficiencyofexistingnetworks

remainsunchanged.

However,(7)hasbeenconfirmedisthatHuaweihasofferedacomprehensiverangeproductsand

measuresthataddressthepowerconsumptionissuesofwirelessnetworks.

Huaweihasalreadyemployedlow-carbonstrategiesinmorethan100countries,includingSaudi

Arabia,Greece,PakistanandSwitzerland,(8)(help)operatorsreducecarondioxideemissions

by40milliontons.As_(9)_importantplayerinthecommunicationsindustry,Huaweiwillcontinueto

putgreendevelopmentatthecenterofeverythingitdoesanddevelopinnovativewaystobuild(10)

(green)5Gnetworksworldwidethanbefore.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

五、單詞拼寫.單句(本大題共10小題，共10.0分)

37.Freshairisf(基礎的；根本的)togoodhealth.

38.Anumberof(嫌疑犯)havenflownthecountry.

39.Attheageof20,hisopportunityhada(出現；發生)

40.IadmiredHelenbecausesheiso(樂觀的)aboutlife.

41.Untilnextpayday,Iwas1（真正地；真地）withoutanymoney.

42.Somepeoplesaythatclassicalmusicisa（與...有關）onlywitholdpeople.

43.Sheisdeterminedtoliveafulfillinglife（不管；不顧）ofwhatthefutureholds.

44.C（相反的）topopularbelief,womencausefewerroadaccidentsthanmen.（根

據中英文提示填空）

45.Chinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectand（防衛；保衛）themselves

againstknife

attacks.

46.Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplearemorelikelytobetrickedintop（參與；參力口）

inillegal

activities.

六、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共30.0分）

47.假定你是某國際學校的學生李華，你校正在開展“健康飲食”的活動，請你代表學校用

英語寫一封倡議書。內容包括；

1.健康飲食的重要性；

2.如何健康飲食；

3,發出倡議。

注意：

1.詞數80左右;

2,可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

48.閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

Jennywastheonlychildinherhome.Shehadaquarrel（爭吵）withhermotherthatafternoonand

sheranoutofthehouseangrily.

Shecouldn'thelpcryingsadlywhenshethoughtofthescolding（指責）fromhermother.Having

wanderedaimlesslyinthestreetforhours,shefeltalittlehungryandwishedforsomethingtoeat,

butitwasnotpossibleforher,sinceshehadnothingwithher.Shestoodbesideastandforawhile,

watchingthemiddle-agedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.However,withnomoneyinhand,shehad

toleave.

Thesellerbehindthestandnoticedtheyounggirlandasked,nHey,girl,youwanttohavethenoodles?

“Oh,yes***,butIdon'thavemoneyonme...”shereplied.

"That'snothing.Filtreatyoutoday,usaidtheman,"comein."Thesellerbroughtherabowlof

noodles,whosesmellwassoattractive.Asshewaseating,Jennycriedsilently.

"Whatisit?naskedthemankindly.

"Nothing,actuallyIwasjusttouchedbyyourkindness!"saidJennyasshedriedhertears,“Evena

strangeronthestreetwillgivemeabowlofnoodles,whilemymother,drovemeoutofthe

house.Sheshowednocareforme.Sheissocruelcomparedtoastranger!!1'

Hearingthewords,thesellersmiled,nGirl,doyoureallythinkso?Ionlygaveyouabowlofnoodles

andyouthankedmealot.Butitisyourmotherwhohasraisedyousinceyouwereababy.Canyou

numberthetimesshecookedforyou?Haveyouexpressedyourthankstoher?"

Jennysatthere,speechless；sherememberedmother'sfamiliarfaceandweatheredhands."Whydid

Inotthinkofthat?Abowlofnoodlesfromastrangermademefeelthankful,butIhavenever

thankedmymumforwhatshehasdoneforme."

Onthewayhome,Jennymadeuphermindtomakeanapologytohermotherforherrudenessas

soonasshearrivedhome.

注意：1.所續寫短文的詞數應為150詞左右；

2.續寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。

Paragraph1：

Approachingthedoorway,Jennytookadeepbreath.

Paragraph2：

Agentletouchonherhaircalledhermindback.

(1)

⑵

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、B

【解析】（1）細節理解題。根據對AnneSavage的介紹中的Asaresult,theInternationalUnionfor

ConservationofNaturechangedtheclassificationofcotton-toptamarinsfromEndangeredtoCritically

Endangered,whichbroughtthespeciestomorepeople'snotice.（因止匕，國際自然保護聯盟將棉頂成

猴的分類從瀕危物種轉變為極度瀕危物種，這使該物種引起了更多的人的注意。）可知，瀕危等

級的改變引起了更多人對它們的關注。故選B。

（2）細節理解題。根據對ElenaBykova的介紹中的Illegalshootingisthesinglebiggestthreat,and

Bykovaconcentratesonraisingpublicawarenessofthedanger,findingalternativelivelihood

opportunitiesforlocalcommunities,andprotectingsaigahabitats.（非法狩獵是最大的威脅，貝科娃

專注于提高公眾對危險的認識，為當地社區尋找替代性生計機會，并保護賽加羚羊的棲息地。）

可知，Bykova為當地居民尋找其他謀生機會，以防止他們非法狩獵賽加羚羊。故選C。

（3）細節理解題。根據對JeanneTarrant的介紹中的Frogsareastonishinglydiverseandbeautifulfor

Dr.Tarrant.Overtheyears,shehashelpedputthespotlightonmanyhighlythreatenedspeciesoffrogsthat

faceextinctionduetohabitatloss,climatechange,andhuntsbytheiranimalenemies.（在塔倫特博

士看來，青蛙的多樣性和美麗程度令人驚訝。多年來，她幫助人們關注了許多高度瀕危的青蛙物

種，由于棲息地喪失、氣候變化和它們的動物敵人的捕獵，這些青蛙面臨滅絕。）可知，動物天

敵的獵食對一些瀕危蛙類造成了巨大威脅；根據對MarilynConnell的介紹中的Beinghuntedby

otherwildlifeistheMaryRiverturtle'sbiggestthreat.（被其他野生動物獵殺是瑪麗河龜最大的威脅。）

可知蛙類和瑪麗河龜受到其它物種的影響。故選B。

本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四位野生動物保護主義者為保護一些高度瀕危的物種所做的

努力。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對

未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷：或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事

例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】B、A、A、D

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據第二段句子

ThesemapsclearlyshowedthesubwaylinesthatreachedtheareasoutsidethecentreofLondon,

buttheymadeitdifficulttomakeoutthebusylinesthatjoineddirectlyundercentralLondon.（這些±也圖

清楚地顯示了到達倫敦市中心以外地區的地鐵線路，但它們使人們很難分辨出倫敦市中心直接連

接的繁忙線路。）早期地鐵地圖的缺點是有些東西它們很難畫出來。故選B。

（2）細節理解題。據第三段

Hisideawastocreatetheplainestguidetoshowtravelershowtogetfromonestationtoanother.（他的

想法是創建最簡單的指南，向旅行者展示如何從一個車站到達另一個車站。）可知，貝克關注的

是地鐵地圖的簡單性。A.Itssimplicity它的簡單性。B.Itsvividdetails它生動的細節；

C.Itscompleteness它的完整性；D.Itsgeographicalaccuracy其地理精度。故選A°

（3）細節理解題。根據第四段It，snotclearwhatinspiredhimtostarttheproject；

hewasn'taskedtodoit,butlikelydevelopedhisdesigninhisfreetime,whilebetweenjobs.It（尚不

清楚是什么激發了他開始這個項目他沒有被要求這樣做，但很可能在工作間隙的空閑時間開發了

他的設計。）貝克的地圖是意外創建的。A.Itwascreatedaccidentally它是意外創建的；

B.Itwasanimmediatesuccess這是立即成功的；C.Itwasareflectionofhiscreativity這反映了他

的創造力；D.Itwasdesignedtomeetpublicneed.它是為了滿足公眾需求而設計的。故選A。

（4）細節理解題。根據最后一段

Hiscleardiagrammaticmethodofmappinghasbeengenerallyacceptedandfollowedinthefieldofinfo

rmationdesignnotonlyinLondonbutalsoaroundtheworld.（他清晰的圖解制圖方法不僅在倫敦，

而且在世界各地的信息設計領域都被廣泛接受和遵循。）可知，他為地鐵地圖的設計提供了一個

模型。故選Do

本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了英國工程繪圖員HarryBeck,創造了一幅全新的倫敦地鐵地圖。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對

未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事

例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

8~11.【答案】C、D、A、B

【解析】（1）細節理解題。根據第一段中伊夫?德?斯梅特所說"Theworkdescribesfarmerscutting

wheatnearlyastallastheyare,"（這幅作品描述的是農民割幾乎和他們一樣高的麥子）和"Nowadays,

ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield,youbasicallyseewheatisaboutknee-high,whichisaconsequenceof

selectivebreedingfromthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury."（如今，如果你走過一塊麥田，你基本上

會看到小麥大約有膝蓋那么高，這是20世紀下半葉選擇性育種的結果）可知，小麥的高度由一人

高變成齊膝高，在高度上經歷了很大的變化。故選C。

（2）觀點態度題。根據第三段ButVergauwensaid,"Thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthat

era.Soifhepaintsitlikethat,that'sthewayitmusthavebeen."（但維爾高文說，"這是那個時代有

史以來最好的畫家之一。所以如果他把它畫成那樣，那就一定是那樣的。"）可知，Vergauwen認

為FransSnyders畫的西瓜是真實的，表示支持。A.Curious.好奇的；B.Disapproving.不贊成的；

C.Doubtful.不確定的；D.Favorable.贊同的，支持的。故選D。

（3）細節理解題。根據最后一段Theteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplant

artwork.Theycreateasocialmediahashtag（主題標簽）forit.Anyonecouldsendpicturesofrelevant

artworkanddetailsofplantswhentheyvisitamuseumorexhibitthroughthehashtag（該團隊希望建立

一個歷史植物藝術品的在線研究數據庫，他們為此創建了一個社交媒體。任何人在參觀博物館或

展覽時都可以通過這個標簽發送相關藝術作品的圖片和植物的細節）可知，社交媒體標簽被創建

是為他們的數據庫收集更多的與植物有關的繪畫作品。故選A。

（4）主旨大意題。閱讀全文,并根據第一段PieterBruegel's1565realisticpaintingTheHarvesters

hangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt...DeSmetsayshe'steamingupwitharthistorianDavid

VergauwenofAmaranttolookatthingswheretheycanspotdifferencesinshape,incolor,andin

size.Wheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelptrackthetransformationoffoodcrops

overtime.（皮特?布魯蓋爾1565年的寫實畫作《收割者》掛在大都會藝術博物館……德斯梅特表

示，他正在與阿瑪蘭特的藝術史學家大衛?維高文合作，研究那些可以發現形狀、顏色和大小差異

的東西。小麥只是歷史藝術品如何幫助跟蹤糧食作物隨時間變化的一個例子）以及第二段中they

notice