2022考研英語一3月入學模考附答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonthe

ANSWERSHEET(10points)

Generally,acomputerisanydevicethatcanperformnumericalcalculations.」-however,thetermusually

refers_2_anelectronicdevicethatcan_3_aseriesoftasksaccordingtoa_4_setofinstructions.

In1953therewereonlyabout100computersinuseinthe_5_world.Todayhundredsofmillionsof

computers_6_inhomes,schools,businesses,governmentoffices,anduniversitiesforalmost

every_7_purpose.

Moderndesktoppersonalcomputers,orPCs,are_8_thanthehuge,million-dollarbusinesscomputersof

the1960sand1970s.MostPCscanperformfrom400milliontoseveralbillion_9_persecond.These

computersareusednotonlyforhousehold_10_andpersonalentertainment,butalsoformostofthe

automatedtasks_l1_bysmall

businesses.Thefastestdesktopcomputersarecalledworkstations,andtheyare_12_usedfbrscientific,

engineering,oradvancedbusiness_13_.

Thespeedandpowerofsupercomputers,thefastestclassofcomputer,arealmost_14_human

comprehension,andtheir_15_arecontinuallybeing_16_.Thefastestofthesemachinescanperformmore

than7trillion-andtheoreticallycanrunmorethan12trillion-operationspersecondandcanstore6trillion

charactersinitsmemory,_17_ittodotheworkofthousandsofPCs.Supercomputers_18_these

speeds_19_theuseofseveraladvancedengineeringtechniques.Becausetheycancostbillionsofdollars-and

becausetheycanbelargeenoughtocoverthesizeoftwobasketballcourts-supercomputersareused_40_by

governmentagenciesandlargeresearchcenters.

第1題

1.[A]Currently[B]Consequently[C]Conceivably[D]Clearly

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：一般來說，任何可以執行數字計算的裝置都可以稱為計算機。但是，現在,

這個詞一般是指能夠按照一系列精確的指令執行一系列任務的電子裝置。[B]Consequently“后來”;

?Conceivably”可以想象得到“，[D]Clearly”很明顯地”。從邏輯關系上來看，只有currently最合適。

第2題

2.[A]in[B]at[C]as[D]to

[參考答案]D

[答案解析]

【解析】此題考察toreferto"涉及；提到”這一固定搭配。

第3題

3.[A]perform[B]conduct[C]achieve[D]fulfill

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】perform"做；執行;表演；指揮;操作“，[B]conduct”行為;處理；引導；指揮；導電"，[C]

achieve“完成，達到“，[D]fblfiD"實踐,履行，實行，結束，滿足，完成，達到“，只有[A]符合文意。

第4題

4.[A]rigid[B]serious[C]precise[D]harsh

[參考答案]C

[答案解析]

【解析】precise精確的，準確的，符合文意。[A]rigid"剛硬的，剛性的，嚴格的”。

第5題

5.[A]entire[B]complete[C]total[D]general

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是:在1953年，全世界只有大約100臺計算機。“全世界"用entireworldo[B]complete

強調“完整性"，[C]total強調“合計，總計“，[D]general"一般的，普通的，綜合的，概括的，全面的，

大體的

第6題

6.[A]aretobeused[B]arebeingused[C]havebeenusing[D]used

[參考答案]B

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：如今，家庭，學校，企業，政府，大學使用著上億的計算機，而它們的用途

多種多樣，幾乎所有你可以想象的用途。“正在被使用著''用現在進行時。

第7題

7.[A]perceptive[B]conceivable[C]inevitablefD]imaginary

[參考答案]B

[答案解析]

【解析】conceivable”可能的，想得到的,可想像的“，符合題意。[A]perceptive”感覺敏銳的；觀察入

微的"，[C]inevitable"不可避免的，必然的"，[D]imaginary"假想的，想象的,虛構的“，均與題意不

符。

第8題

8.

[A]manytimesmorepowerful

fB]manymoretimespowerful

[C]powerfulmanymoretimes

[DJpowerfulmoremanytimes

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：現代的臺式個人計算機，或者PC,比二十世紀六十年代和七十年代那些巨

型的，價值數百萬的商用計算機功能強大很多倍。“很多倍”，用manytimesmore…后面加形容詞。

第9題

9.[A]exercises[B]missions[C]errands[D]operations

[參考答案]D

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：大多數個人電腦每秒可以實現四億到幾十億次的運轉。和perform搭配的名

詞，四個選項中,operation最恰當。[B]mission"特使團”，[C]errand”差事，差使，使命“，不和題意。

第10題

10.[A]management[B]execution[C]application[D]manipulation

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：這些電腦不僅用于家庭管理和個人娛樂，而且用于企業多數的自動完成的任

務。Management”經營,管理，處理,操縱”，符合題意。[B]execution”實行,完成,執行，死刑"，[C]

application”請求,申請,申請表，應用，運用"，[D]manipulation"處理，操作，操縱，被操縱

第11題

11.[A]claimed[B]necessitated[C]required[D]requested

[參考答案]C

[答案解析]

【解析】required"需要”用require最恰當。[A]claim”（根據權利）要求，認領，聲稱，主張“，[B]

necessitated”使需要；使成為必需”。

第12題

12.[A]inclusively[B]generally[C]totally[D]entirely

[參考答案]B

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：最快的計算機被稱為工作站。它們一般被用于科學，工程，或者高級商務。

[B]符合題意。[A]inclusively"包含地，在內地”。

第13題

13.[A]employments[B]exercises[C]usages[D]applications

[參考答案]D

[答案解析]

【解析】applications“應用”一般用application。Usage一般指語言的“使用，用法

第14題

14.[A]beyond[B]without[C]over[D]out

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：最快的計算機，也就是超級計算機的速度和潛力，幾乎是人類所無法想象的。

Beyondsb'scomprehension"是...無法想象的“。

第15題

15.[A]capabilities[B]qualifications[C]skills[D]vacancies

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：它們的性能還在日新月異地改進。C叩ability"（實際）能力，性能，容量，接受

力”,符合題意。[B]qualification"資格，條件，限制，限定，賦予資格"，[C]skill"技能，技巧，熟練,

巧妙（多用于人）”，[D]vacancy“空，空白，空缺，空閑”。

第16題

16.[A]propelled[B]boosted[C]improved[D]enriched

[參考答案]C

[答案解析]

【解析】improved“提高”，“改進”，“改善”，符合題意。[A]propel”推進，驅使"，[B]boost"往上推;

增加；提高"，[D]enrich"使富足，使肥沃，使豐富”。

第17題

17.[A]thatallows[B]allows[C]toallow[D]allowing

[參考答案]D

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：最快的計算機每秒可以進行7萬億次運算一理論上說，可以達到12萬億次

—可以在內存中儲藏6萬億字符，從而允許它完成數千臺個人電腦的工作。Allowing為分詞，引導從

句修飾主句。

第18題

18.[A]obtain[B]attain[C]win[D]secure

[參考答案]B

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：超級計算機是通過使用幾種先進的工程技術實現這么快的速度的。”實現某

種速度”，可以用attain或achieve0

第19題

19.[A]at[B]on[C]with[D]through

[參考答案]D

[答案解析]

【解析】through“通過”最常用的介詞為through,本文中也符合題意。

第20題

20.[A]primarily[B]conditionally[C]initially[D]fundamentally

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】該句的意思是：因為它們可能價值數億美元，同時也因為它們體積巨大，可以覆蓋兩個籃球

場，超級計算機主要是政府機關和大型研究中心使用的。根據題意，選[A]。其他選項[B]conditionally“有

條件地"，[C]initially"最初，開頭"，[D]fundamentally“基礎地，根本地”。

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions.

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Tennessee'stechnicalandcommunitycollegeswillnotoutsourcemanagementoftheirfacilitiestoa

privatecompany,adecisiononeleadersaidwasbolsteredbyananalysisofspendingateachcampus.

InanemailsentMondaytocollegepresidentsintheTennesseeBoardofRegentssystem,outgoing

ChancellorJohnMorgansaidaninternalanalysisshowedthateachcampus9spendingonfacilities

managementfellwellbelowtheindustrystandardsidentifiedbythestate.Morgansaidthose

findings—whichincludeddatafromthesystem's13communitycolleges,27technicalcollegesandsix

universities—werepartofthedecisionnottomoveforwardwithGovernorBillHaslam'sproposalto

privatizemanagementofstatebuildingsinanefforttosavemoney.

“Whilethesenumbersarestillbeingvalidatedbythestate,wefeelanyadjustmentstheymightsuggest

willbeimmaterial,Morganwrotetothepresidents."Systeminstitutionsareoperatingveryefficientlybased

onthisanalysis,raisingthequestionofthevalueofpursuingabroadscaleoutsourcinginitiative.^^

Worker'sadvocateshavecriticizedHaslam'splan,sayingitwouldmeansomecampusworkerswould

losetheirjobsorbenefits.Haslamhassaidcollegeswouldbefreetooptinoroutoftheoutsouringplan,

whichhasnotbeenfinalized.

MorgannotifiedtheHaslamadministrationofhisdecisiontooptoutinalettersentlastweek.Thatletter,

whichincludesseveralconcernsMorganhaswiththeplan,wasoriginallyobtainedbyTheCommercial

AppealinMemphis.

Inanemailstatementfromthestate'sOfficeofCustomerFocusedGovernment,whichisexaminingthe

possibilityofoutsourcing,spokeswomanMichelleR.Martinsaidofficialswerestillworkingtoanalyzethe

datafromtheBoardofRegents.Dataonmanagementexpensesatthecollegesystemandinotherstate

departmentswillbepartofa"businessjustificationnthestatewilluseasofficialsdeliberatethespecificsof

anoutsourcingplan.

“Thestate'sfacilitiesmanagementprojectteamisstillintheprocessofdevelopingitsbusiness

justificationandexpectstohavethatcompletedandavailabletothepublicattheendofFebruary,Martin

said."Atthistimethereisnothingtotakeactiononsincetheanalysishasyettobecompleted.^^

Morgan'scommentsonoutsourcingmarkthesecondtimethismonththathehascomeoutagainstoneof

Haslam'splansfbrhighereducationinTennessee.Morgansaidlastweekthathewouldretireattheendof

Januarybecauseofthegovernor'sproposaltosplitoffsixuniversitiesoftheBoardofRegentssystemand

createseparategoverningboardsforeachofthem.Inhisresignationletter,Morgancalledthereorganization

“unworkable”.

第21題

21.WhatdowelearnaboutthedecisionoftechnicalandcommunitycollegesinTennessee?

A.Itisbackedbyacampusspendinganalysis.

B.Ithasbeenflatlyrejectedbythegovernor.

C.Ithasneglectedtheirfaculty'sdemands.

D.Itwillimprovetheirfinancialsituation.

［參考答案］A

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞decision,technicalandcommunitycolleges,Tennessee可定位至第一段。A

選項中的backed與原文中的bolstered同義，因此選A。

第22題

22.Whatdoesthecampusspendinganalysisreveal?

A.Privatecompaniesplayabigroleincampusmanagement.

B.Facilitiesmanagementbycollegesismorecost-effective.

C.Facilitiesmanagementhasgreatlyimprovedinrecentyears.

D.Collegesexercisefoilcontrolovertheirownfinancialaffairs.

［參考答案］B

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞campusspendinganalysis,reveal可以定位至原文的第二段。題干中的reveal

對應原文中的showed。因此選B。

第23題

23.Workers5supportersarguethatBillHaslam'sproposalwould.

A)deprivecollegesoftherighttomanagetheirfacilities

B)makeworkerslessmotivatedinperformingduties

C)renderanumberofcampusworkersjobless

D)leadtotheprivatizationofcampusfacilities

［參考答案］C

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞Workers5supporters,BillHaslam'sproposal可以定位至第四段。該段的第

一句指出，工人擁護者已經批判了哈斯拉姆的計劃，他們表示這將意味著一些校園工人可能會失去他

們的工作或利益。因此選C。

第24題

24.Whatdowelearnfromthestatespokeswoman'sresponsetoJohnMorgan'sdecision?

A)Theoutsourcingplanisnotyetfinalized.

B)Theoutsourcingplanwillbeimplemented.

C)Thestateofficialsareconfidentabouttheoutsourcingplan.

D)Thecollegespendinganalysisjustifiestheoutsourcingplan.

［參考答案］A

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞spokeswoman可定位至第六段。該段指出，發言人MichelleR.

Martin表示官員們還在分析評議委員會的數據。大學體系和其他州相關部門的管理費用數據將會是

“商業理由”的一部分，田納西州會用此來研討外包計劃的細節。這說明，外包計劃還在討論中，尚

未成定論，因此選A。

第25題

21.WhydidJohnMorgandecidetoresign?

A)HehadlostconfidenceintheTennesseestategovernment.

B)Hedisagreedwiththegovernoronhighereducationpolicies.

C)Hethoughtthestate'soutsourcingproposalwassimplyunworkable.

D)Heopposedthegovernor'splantoreconstructthecollegeboardsystem.

［參考答案］D

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞JohnMorgan,resign可定位至最后一段。該段的最后一句指出，在他的辭

職信中，摩根表示這一重組計劃“不切實際”。言外之意就是反對州長重組大學董事會的計劃。因此

選D。

Text2

Beginninginthelatesixteenthcentury,itbecamefashionableforyoungaristocratstovisitParis,Venice,

Florence,andaboveall,Rome,astheculminationoftheirclassicaleducation.Thuswasbomtheideaofthe

GrandTour,apracticewhichintroducedEnglishmen,Germans,Scandinavians,andalsoAmericanstothe

artandcultureofFranceandItalyforthenext300years.Travelwasarduousandcostlythroughoutthe

period,possibleonlyforaprivilegedclass一thesamethatproducedgentlemenscientists,authors,antique

experts,andpatronsofthearts.

TheGrandTouristwastypicallyayoungmanwithathoroughgroundinginGreekandLatinliteratureas

wellassomeleisuretime,somemeans,andsomeinterestinart.TheGermantravelerJohannWinckelmann

pioneeredthefieldofarthistorywithhiscomprehensivestudyofGreekandRomansculpture;hewas

portrayedbyhisfriendAntonRaphaelMengsatthebeginningofhislongresidenceinRome.MostGrand

Tourists,however,stayedforbrieferperiodsandsetoutwithlessscholarlyintentions,accompaniedbya

teacherorguardian,andexpectedtoreturnhomewithsouvenirsoftheirtravelsaswellasanunderstanding

ofartandarchitectureformedbyexposuretogreatmasterpieces.

LondonwasafrequentstartingpointforGrandTourists,andParisacompulsorydestination;many

traveledtotheNetherlands,sometoSwitzerlandandGermany,andaveryfewadventurerstoSpain,Greece,

orTurkey.Theessentialplacetovisit,however,wasItaly.TheBritishtravelerCharlesThompsonspokefor

manyGrandTouristswhenin1744hedescribedhimselfas“beingimpatientlydesirousofviewingacountry

sofamousinhistory,acountrywhichoncegavelawstotheworld,andwhichisatpresentthegreatest

schoolofmusicandpainting,containsthenoblestproductionsofsculptureandarchitecture,andisfilled

withcabinetsofrarities,andcollectionsofallkindsofhistoricalrelics”.WithinItaly,thegreatfocuswas

Rome,whoseancientruinsandmorerecentachievementswereshowntoeveryGrandTourist.Panini's

AncientRomeandModemRomerepresentthesightsmostprized,includingcelebratedGreco-Roman

statuesandviewsoffamousruins,fountains,andchurches.

SincetherewerefewmuseumsanywhereinEuropebeforethecloseoftheeighteenthcentury,Grand

Touristsoftensawpaintingsandsculpturesbygainingadmissiontoprivatecollections,andmanywereeager

toacquireexamplesofGreco-RomanandItalianartfortheirowncollections.InEngland,wherearchitecture

wasincreasinglyseenasanaristocraticpursuit,noblemenoftenappliedwhattheylearnedfromthevillasof

PalladiointheVenetoandtheevocativeruinsofRometotheirowncountryhousesandgardens.

第26題

26.WhatissaidabouttheGrandTour?

A)Itwasfashionableamongyoungpeopleofthetime.

B)Itwasunaffordableforordinarypeople.

C)ItproducedsomefamousEuropeanartists.

D)Itmadeacompulsorypartofcollegeeducation.

［參考答案］B

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞theGrandTour定位至第一段第二句。由此可知，大旅行對于一般人來說

是負擔不起的。故選B。

第27題

27.WhatdidGrandTouristshaveincommon?

A)Theyhadmuchgeographicknowledge.

B)Theywerecourageousandventuresome.

C)Theywereversedinliteratureandinterestedinart.

D)Theyhadenoughtravelandoutdoor-lifeexperience.

［參考答案］c

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞GrandTourists定位至第二段第一句。選項C是對原文的同義表述，其中

wereversedin對應原文中的athoroughgroundingin。故選Co

第28題

28.HowdidGrandTouristsbenefitfromtheirtravel?

A)Theyfoundinspirationintheworld'sgreatestmasterpieces.

B)Theygotabetterunderstandingofearlyhumancivilization.

C)Theydevelopedaninterestintheoriginofmodemartforms.

D)Theygainedsomeknowledgeofclassicalartandarchitecture.

［參考答案］D

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞benefitfromtheirtravel定位至第二段最后一句。選項D是對原文的同義改

寫，其中knowledge對應原文中的understandingo故選D。

第29題

29.WhydidmanyGrandTouristsvisittheprivatecollections?

A)Theycouldbuyuniquesouvenirstheretotakebackhome.

B)Europehardlyhadanymuseumsbeforethe19thcentury.

C)Theyfoundtheantiquestheremorevaluable.

D)Privatecollectionswereofgreatervariety.

［參考答案］B

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞theprivatecollections定位至第三段倒數第二句。選項中的hardly和before

the19thcentury分別對應原文中的few和beforethecloseoftheeighteenthcenturyo故選B。

第30題

30.HowdidtheGrandTourinfluencethearchitectureinEngland?

A)ThereappearedmoreandmoreRoman-stylebuildings.

B)ManyaristocratsbegantomoveintoRoman-stylevillas.

C)Aristocrats,countryhousesallhadRoman-stylegardens.

D)Italianarchitectswerehiredtodesignhousesandgardens.

［參考答案］A

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞influencethearchitectureinEngland定位至第三段最后一句。由此可知，在

英國會有越來越多的羅馬風格的建筑，選項A是對原文的延展推理。故選A。

Text3

Opendatasharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadlyagreethat

publicaccesstorawdatawouldacceleratescience,mostarereluctanttoposttheresultsoftheirownlabors

online.

Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonline一geneticists,forexample,postDNAsequencesatthe

GenBankrepository,andastronomersareaccustomedtoaccessingimagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrom,say,

theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjects---buttheseremainthe

exception,nottherule.Historically,scientistshaveobjectedtosharingformanyreasons:itisalotofwork;

untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnotexist;grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficult

toagreeonstandardsforformattingdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.

Butthebarriersaredisappearing,inpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideare

encouragingscientiststomaketheirdatapublic.Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidinitsreportthat

scientistsneedto“shiftawayfromaresearchculturewheredataisviewedasaprivatepreserve^^.

Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidfbrwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthe

scientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbeshareddigitallyinwaysthatwerenotpossible

before.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringinguptomakeiteasiertopublishresearch

productsonlineandenableotherresearcherstodiscoverandcitethem.

Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthemoraladvantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnot

purelyaltruistic.Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmoreconnectionswith

colleagues,improvedvisibilityandincreasedcitations.Themostsuccessfulsharersthosewhosedataare

downloadedandcitedthemostoften---getnoticed,andtheirworkgetsused.Forexample,oneofthemost

populardatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeen

downloaded5,700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-change

researcherswantingtoestimatehowmuchcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformation

ondifferentgradesoftimber."I'dmuchprefertohavemydatausedbythemaximumnumberofpeopleto

asktheirownquestions,9,shesays."It'simportanttoallowreadersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhow

youarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobereproducible.

Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeandlabelfilesso

otherscanunderstandthem,scientistsbecomemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thus

avoidingconfusionlateron.

第31題

31.Whatdomanyresearchersgenerallyaccept?

A)Itisimperativetoprotectscientists5patents.

B)Repositoriesareessentialtoscientificresearch.

C)Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.

D)Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.

［參考答案］D

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞manyresearchers,generallyaccept可定位至原文的第一段。D項中的is

conducivetoscientificadvancement對應原文的acceleratescience0因止匕選D。

第32題

32.Whatistheattitudeofmostresearcherstowardsmakingtheirowndatapublic?

A)Opposed.

B)Ambiguous.

C)Liberal.

D)Neutral

［參考答案］A

［答案解析］

【解析】本題定位至原文第一段的最后：但是大部分研究人員仍不愿意將自己的勞動成果放在網上。

此外，第二段的第二句說到，科學家曾經給出許多反對共享的原因……。這充分說明大部分研究人員

反對公開他們的數據。因此選A。

第33題

33.Accordingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?

A)Thefearofmassivecopying.

B)Thelackofaresearchculture.

C)Thebeliefthatresearchdataisprivateintellectualproperty.

D)Theconcernthatcertainagenciesmaymakeaprofitoutofit.

［參考答案］c

［答案解析］

【解析】本題定位至原文的第三段。其中原文中的“將數據視為私人所有的研究文化”也就是“認為研

究數據是privateintellectualproperty的觀點，因此選Co

第34題

34.Whathelpsliftsomeofthebarrierstoopendatasharing?

A)Theever-growingdemandforbigdata.

B)Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.

C)Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.

D)Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.

［參考答案］C

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞barriers可定位至原文的第三段。該段指出，障礙正在消失，部分原因是

全世界的雜志和資金資助機構正在鼓勵科學家們將數據公開。……資金資助機構表明使用公共資金贊

助的數據應該成為公共信息。這表明雜志和資助方的態度已經開始接受共享數據的觀念，其態度發生

了改變，因此選C。

第35題

35.Dryadservesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing.

A)isbecomingincreasinglypopular

B)benefitssharersandusersalike

C)makesresearcherssuccessful

D)savesbothmoneyandlabor

［參考答案］B

［答案解析］

【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞Dryad可定位至倒數第二段。原文意思是使用者對公開的數據有疑問的，

還可對這些數據提出問題，這樣可以使分享者進一步完善數據。這說明，公開數據分享無論對于數據

的分享者還是使用者，他們都能從中受益。因此選B。

Text4

Macy'sreporteditssalesplunged5.2%inNovemberandDecemberatstoresopenmorethanayear,a

disappointingholidayseasonperformancethatcappedadifficultyearforadepartmentstorechainfacing

wide-rangingchallenges.ItsflagshipstoresinmajorU.S.citiesdependheavilyoninternationaltourist

spending,whichshrankatmanyretailersduetoastrongdollar.Meanwhile,Macy'shassimplystruggledto

lureconsumerswhoaremoreinterestedinspendingontravelordiningoutthanonnewclothesor

accessories.

ThecompanyblamedmuchofthepoorperformanceinNovemberandDecemberonunseasonablywarm

weather."About80%ofourcompany'syear-over-yeardeclinesincomparablesalescanbeattributedto

shortfallsincold-weathergoods/9saidchiefexecutiveTenyLundgreninapressrelease.Thispromptedthe

companytocutitsforecastsforthefullfourthquarter.

However,ifsclearthatMacy'sbelievesitstroublesrundeeperthanatemporaryaberrationoffthe

thermometer.Theretailgiantsaidthepoorfinancialperformancethisyearhaspushedittobegin

implementing$400millionincost-cuttingmeasures.Thecompanypledgedtocut600back-officepositions,

thoughsome150workersinthoseroleswouldbereassignedtootherjobs.Italsoplanstooffer"voluntary

separation“packagesto165seniorexecutives.Itwillslashstaffingatitsfleetof770stores,amoveaffecting

some3,000employees.

Theretaileralsoannouncedthelocationsof36storesitwillcloseinearly2016.Thecompanyhad

previouslyannouncedtheplannedclosures,buthadnotsaidwhichlocationswouldbeaffected.Noneofthe

chain'sstoresintheWashingtonmetropolitanareaaretobeclosed.

Macy'shasbeenmovingaggressivelytotrytoremakeitselfforaneweraofshopping.Ithasplansto

openmorelocationsofMacy'sBackstage,anewly-developedoff-priceconceptwhichmighthelpitbetter

competewithambitiousT.J.Maxx.It'salsopushingaheadin2016withanexpansionofBluemercury,the

beautychainitboughtlastyear.AtatimewhenyoungbeautyshoppersareoftenturningtoSephoraor

Ultainsteadofdepartmentstorebeautycounters,Macy'shopesBluemercurywillhelpstrengthenits

positioninthecategory.

OnerelativebrightspotfbrMacy'sduringtheholidayseasonwastheonlinechannel,whereitrangup

4tdouble-digif,increasesinsalesanda25%increaseinthenumberofordersitfilled.Thatrelativestrength

wouldbeconsistentwithwhatwasseeninthewilderretailindustryduringtheearlypartoftheholiday

season.WhileThanksgiving,BlackFridayandCyberMondayallsawrecordspendingonline,in-storesales

plungedovertheholidayweekend.

第36題

36.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheshrinkingspendingofinternationaltouristsintheU.S.?

[A]ItisattributabletotherisingvalueoftheU.S.dollar.

[B]Itisadirectresultoftheglobaleconomicrecession.

[C]Itreflectsashiftoftheirinterestinconsumergoods.

[D]ItposesapotentialthreattotheretailbusinessintheU.S.

[參考答案]A

[答案解析]

【解析】根據題干中的關鍵調shrinking,spending,internationaltourists可定位至第一段的第二句，因此

選Ao

第37題

37.WhatdoesMacy'sbelieveaboutitsproblems?

A)Theycanbesolvedwithbettermanagement.

B)Theycannotbeattributedtoweatheronly.

C)Theyarenotasseriousinitsonlinestores.

D)Theycallforincreasedinvestments.

［參考答案］B

［答案解析］

【解析】本題定位于第二段的第一句，因此選B。

第38題

38.Inordertocutcosts,Macy'sdecidedto.

A)cutthesalaryofseniorexecutives

B)relocatesomeofitschainstores

C)adjustitspromotionstrategies

D)reducethesizeofitsstaff

［參考答案］D

［答案解析］

【解析】根據題干中的關鍵詞cutcosts可定位于第三段的第二句至該段的最后一句，因此選D。

第39題

39.WhydoesMacy'splantoexpandBluemercuryin2016?

A)Toexperimentonitsnewbusinessconcept.

B)Tofocusmoreonbeautyproductsthanclothing.

C)Topromotesalesofitsproductsbyloweringprices.

D)Tobemorecompetitiveinsalesofbeautyproducts.

［參考答案］D

［答案解析］

【解析】根據題干中的關鍵詞expand,Bluemercury,in2016可定位至第五段的第三、四句，因此選D。

第40題

40.WhatcanwelearnaboutMacy'sduringtheholidayseason?

A)Salesdroppedsharplyinitsphysicalstores.

B)ItsretailsalesexceededthoseofT.J.Maxx.

C)IthelpedBluemercuryestablishitspositionworldwide.

D)Itfilleditsstoreswithabundantsupplyofmerchandise.

[參考答案]D

[答案解析]

【解析】根據題干中的關鍵詞holidayseason可定位至最后一段。因此選D。

PartB

Directions

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutwhatparentsaresupposedtodotoguidetheir

childrenintoadulthood.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA-Gthatbestfitsthemeaningofeachnumberedpart

ofthetext(41-45).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Therearetwoextraheadings

thatyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(lOpoints)

[A]SetaGoodExampleforYourKids

[B]BuildYourKids'WorkSkills

[C]PlaceTimeLimitsonLeisureActivities

[D]TalkabouttheFutureonaRegularBasis

[E]HelpKidsDevelopCopingStrategies

[F]HelpYourKidsFigureOutWhoTheyAre

[G]BuildYourKids'SenseofResponsibility

HowcanaParentHelp?

Mothersandfatherscandoalottoensureasafelandinginearlyadulthoodfortheirkids.Evenifajob's

startingsalaryseemstoosmalltosatisfyanemergingadulfsneedforrapidcontent,thetransitionfrom

schooltoworkcanbelessofasetbackifthestartupadultisreadyforthemove.Hereareafewmeasures,

drawnfrommybookReadyorNot,HereLifeComes,thatparentscantaketopreventwhatIcan“worklife

unreadiness^^:

41.____________________________

Youcanstartthisprocesswhentheyare11or12.Periodicallyreviewtheiremergingstrengthsand

weaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronanyshortcomings,likedifficultyincommunicatingwellor

collaborating.Also,identifythekindsofintereststheykeepcomingbackto,astheseoffercl