閱讀理解

“快”讀文——把握“結(jié)構(gòu)”知大意“選擇性”閱讀省時(shí)力

面對(duì)卷面閱讀量日益加大的高考，從某種程度上來說，誰贏得了閱讀時(shí)間，誰就贏得了考場(chǎng)的“氣定

神閑”。考場(chǎng)上的閱讀，不是逐詞逐句的品讀，而是掃讀與精讀相結(jié)合，有側(cè)重點(diǎn)的“選擇讀”。怎樣把

控好“選擇讀”的尺度，何處該掃讀，何處該精讀，這就關(guān)乎到一個(gè)行文結(jié)構(gòu)的問題，掌握了文章的常見

行文結(jié)構(gòu)，就能駕輕就熟地運(yùn)用“選擇讀”。

按行文結(jié)構(gòu)分類，英語閱讀文章大致可分為以下五種類型：故事敘述型、現(xiàn)象解釋型、結(jié)論解釋型、

問題解決型和觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型。下面主要介紹這五種類型文章的結(jié)構(gòu)與布局的一般規(guī)律。

類型一行文模式1正敘：開頭（交代事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等內(nèi)容）——展開（以人物活

動(dòng)的時(shí)間須序、空間變換為行文線索）——結(jié)尾（依照事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局順序

故事敘述型來結(jié)晁對(duì)事件進(jìn)行分析或評(píng)價(jià)選擇性））

行文模式2倒敘：開頭（交代事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)人物、結(jié)局等內(nèi)容）——展開（以人物活

常見文體：記敘文、夾敘夾議文動(dòng)的時(shí)間順序、空間變換為行文線索）——結(jié)尾（對(duì)事件進(jìn)行分析或評(píng)價(jià)選擇性》）

[典例]（2020?新高考全國卷I?B篇）

[l]JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninga

nursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireand

becamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.

[2]Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobaway

fromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnical

college,workingtopayhertuition（學(xué)費(fèi)）,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.After

graduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.

[3]Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvanceher

careerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-Eau

ClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-year

degreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jenniferreceived

greatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,

andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.

[4]Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（犧牲）

toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy."Somenightsmy

heartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,“shesays.However,her

childrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generation

graduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful.

[心得體悟]本篇文章采用了倒敘的寫法，開頭描述了事件的結(jié)局——文章的主人公——珍妮弗?莫爾通

過付出比普通大學(xué)生更多的意志力獲得了護(hù)理學(xué)位，成為她大家庭中第一個(gè)獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位的人。然后文章

交代了事件的發(fā)生與發(fā)展——兄妹10人，家庭不富裕一高中畢業(yè)后上了當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院，邊工邊讀一畢業(yè)

后，打工幫助兄弟姐妹支付學(xué)費(fèi)f結(jié)婚生子后白天上課，晚上回家照顧孩子。文章的結(jié)尾對(duì)這一事件做了

評(píng)價(jià)。

了解了故事敘述型文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)后，在備考或應(yīng)試時(shí)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注故事的細(xì)節(jié)與結(jié)局，因?yàn)榻Y(jié)局中對(duì)

事件的評(píng)價(jià)部分往往是命題人設(shè)置問題的地方。

類型二

(1)判斷標(biāo)志：第一部分提出自然現(xiàn)象或社會(huì)現(xiàn)象

現(xiàn)象解釋型(2)行文模式：現(xiàn)象——解釋——評(píng)價(jià)解釋

(3)主題句特點(diǎn)：主題句不明確.注意正評(píng)價(jià)的句子

常見文體：說明文、議論文

［典例］(2020?全國卷II-C篇)

[l]Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobably

didn'tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion（時(shí)裝）enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketfor

furmadefromnutria（海貍鼠）.

[2]UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesin

differentstyles."Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroying

vastwetlandseveryyear,“saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.

[3]ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.Someofthefurendsup

inthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.

[4]NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild."Theecosystemdown

therecan'thandlethisnon-nativespecies（物種）.Ifsdestroyingtheenvironment.Ifsthemorus,“saysMichael

Massimi,anexpertinthisfield.

[5]Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,

thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.

[6]BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramfbrLouisiana.Hesaysit'snoteasytoconvince

peoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,

sopartofMouton'sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.

[7]Thenthere?sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeoplea

guilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat'sgoingtobeamassive

thing,atleasthereinNewYork."DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtothe

opinionthatusingnutriafurfbrhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She^tryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachto

nutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.

［心得體悟］通過分析文章來看，第一段開頭提出現(xiàn)象，接著下文對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行解釋：一是海貍鼠每

年都在破壞大片的濕地；二是海貍鼠的瘋狂繁殖造成數(shù)量巨大，然后對(duì)這些解釋進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。

了解了現(xiàn)象解釋型文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)后，考生在備考和應(yīng)試時(shí)，應(yīng)知曉一般不會(huì)考查現(xiàn)象，進(jìn)行瀏覽性

閱讀即可，重點(diǎn)閱讀的是對(duì)現(xiàn)象的解釋和評(píng)價(jià)。

類型三(1)判斷標(biāo)志：①總分結(jié)構(gòu)；②首段首句出現(xiàn)正評(píng)價(jià)的句子；③第二段

首句采用列舉的方式?一般常出現(xiàn)forexample

結(jié)論解釋型

(2)行文模式：結(jié)論一解釋結(jié)論一評(píng)價(jià)

常見文體：說明文、議論文(3)主題句特點(diǎn)：主題句位于第一段的首句或尾句

[典例]（2020?全國卷I?B篇）

[l]Retumingtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There^awelcome

familiarity——butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.But

booksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.

[2]Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmental

register.It?strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it'sallaboutthepresent.Ifsabout

thenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Each

hastopulltheirownweight.

[3]TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnest

Hemingway'sAMoveableFeosf.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmost

intoxicating（令人陶醉的），anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnie

Dillard'sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble（隨筆）abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulio

Cortazar^SaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.

[4]WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningI

attachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkis

thehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.But

remember,it9syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.

［心得體悟］文章首段首句和最后兩句是正評(píng)價(jià)，最后兩句為主題句。文章的中間部分對(duì)重新閱讀的意

義進(jìn)行了解釋，并列舉了作者每年都要重新閱讀的三本書籍。最后一段對(duì)重新閱讀再次進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。

對(duì)于結(jié)論解釋型文章，在備考和應(yīng)試中，需要重點(diǎn)閱讀結(jié)論和評(píng)價(jià)部分的內(nèi)容，因?yàn)檫@些內(nèi)容往往會(huì)

成為命題角

類型四

(1)判斷標(biāo)志：一般在第一部分出現(xiàn)問題、設(shè)問句或problem一詞

問題解決型(2)行文模式：提出問題——作出反應(yīng)一解決方案作出評(píng)價(jià)

(3)主題句特點(diǎn)：主題句不明確.重點(diǎn)關(guān)注正負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)

常見文體：說明文、議論文

［典例］（2018?仝田卷n?DM）

_1jWeveallbeenthere：inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane.

提出問題

surroundedbypeoplewhoare*likeus*deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor.節(jié)生人之間故乏交流：

worse.strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.弋______________________

_2_What'stheproblem?Itspossiblethatweallhavecompromised解決方案

conversationalintelligence.Irsmorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversation和陌生人闈聊，

◎—

becauseit'sawkwardandchallenging.orwethinkit'sannoyingand

評(píng)價(jià)方案1

unnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers*considerthat

閑聊是一種非常寶貴

smalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethat的社會(huì)實(shí)踐：

resultsinbigbenefits.

13_Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecantforgetthat評(píng)價(jià)方案2

閑科是社會(huì)文淺的澗

deeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Small滑劑，

talkisthegrease（；閏滑劑）forsocialcommunication.saysBernardoCarducci._________________

directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.評(píng)價(jià)方案3

成功用力的關(guān)區(qū)是學(xué)

**Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmall

會(huì)如何與但人裝系.而

talk,“heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghovtoconnectwith不久僅是與他們爻流：

others,notjustcommunicatewiththem.

k_4_Ina2014study.ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyat

L'BC?invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedto

seekoutaninteraction（互動(dòng)）withitswaiter；theother,tospeakonlywhen評(píng)價(jià)方案」

necessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochartedwiththeirserverreported同社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的邊辣人

熨的互動(dòng)對(duì)■我們的性

significantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.**hsnot會(huì)和幸福很重要：

thattalkingtothewaiterisbetrerthantalkingtoyourhusband.MsaysDunn.

"Butinteractionswithperipheral（邊緣的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatter

forourwell-beingalso.”

匚5_Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly

greatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuch評(píng)價(jià)方案5

闈卻是良好去止的基

asenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgood

manners."hesays.

得體悟］文章開頭提出人們?cè)陔娞堇铩⒃阢y行排隊(duì)或者在飛機(jī)上，等等，都在埋頭看智能手機(jī)或者

與令人不舒服的沉默作斗爭(zhēng)，即陌生人之間缺乏交流這一問題。針對(duì)這個(gè)問題，提出解決方案，那就是跟

陌生人閑聊。提出這個(gè)方案后，便對(duì)這個(gè)方案進(jìn)行了一系列的評(píng)價(jià)。

了解了問題解決型文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)后，在備考或應(yīng)試時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)單瀏覽所提出的問題，重點(diǎn)閱讀的是

問題的解決方案和對(duì)解決方案的評(píng)價(jià)。

（1）判斷標(biāo)志:第一部分出現(xiàn)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn).可能是一個(gè)過去的、傳統(tǒng)的

或大眾的觀點(diǎn).也可能是某一個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)

類型五（2）行文模式：某一個(gè)（過去的傳統(tǒng)的大眾的個(gè)人的）觀點(diǎn)一

另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)（有時(shí)不出現(xiàn)）——論述這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)

觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型

（3）主題句特點(diǎn)：主題句通常位于第一段中間（或段尾）或第二段

常見文體：說明文、議論文段首?前面出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折和強(qiáng)對(duì)比詞匯

新觀點(diǎn)

典例］（2020?新高考仝四卷I篇）

飲食同伴的體型和消費(fèi)

_1_AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJnurualResearch.both

習(xí)慣都會(huì)影響我們的食

thesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfood物攝入量，不要和那些大

胃口的瘦高個(gè)兒一超￡?飯：

intake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwith

heavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）?it.sthebeanpoleswithbig老觀點(diǎn)

appetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.應(yīng)避免和食量大的較肥

胖的人一起吃飯：

_2_Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits.theresearchers

?

conductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst.95undergraduatewomenwere

individuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyabout

第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)

movieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherself

通過第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)社

toasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inher交對(duì)飲食習(xí)慣的影響：

naturalstate*theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworea

speciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.

_3_Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.

Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywould

have.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.

_4_Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandy第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)

fromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultswere通過第二個(gè)實(shí)臉證實(shí)飲

食同伴的體型會(huì)影響食

similartothefirsttest：theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantly

物攝入量:

morecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.

C5jThetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluential

whenweremakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore?so

實(shí)驗(yàn)解釋

willI.Callitthe**111havewhatsheshaving“effect.However.we11adjustthe

對(duì)比周圍社交環(huán)境（.肥胖

influence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion.I,llholdbackabit者和授小者）時(shí)的反應(yīng)：

becauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot.Ill

followsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?

［心得體悟］文章第一段表明觀點(diǎn)——飲食同伴的體型和消費(fèi)習(xí)慣都會(huì)影響我們的食物攝入量。然后用

"contrarytoexistingresearch”提出新、老觀點(diǎn)。

文章的行文模式是：老觀點(diǎn)——新觀點(diǎn)——論述新觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)主題句特點(diǎn)，可以知道第一段最后一句

話“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsays...it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.”為

文章的主題句。

這篇文章的閱讀重點(diǎn)是新觀點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容和實(shí)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容。如果考生能夠理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，在應(yīng)試時(shí)就

可以分清重點(diǎn)，跳讀一些內(nèi)容，閱讀有效內(nèi)容，預(yù)測(cè)考點(diǎn)，進(jìn)而提高解題速度與準(zhǔn)確性。

當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練

B

“ThemovieAmericanSniperison."Isaidtomyhusband.

Wedecidedtowatch,thinkingitwouldtakeourmindsoffmyhusband'ssituationatwork.Hehadbeen

workingwiththesameorganizationforabouttwenty-threeyears,andthemanagement,hesuspected,waspreparing

tolethimgo.ThesignswereprettyclearandIfelthispain.

IwonderedifAmericanSniperwasthewrongmovietowatchandconsideredchangingthechannel.Maybe

somethinglighterwasgood.Afamilycomedywithlaughterwouldhavebeenmoreupliftingformyhusband.

WeturnedthevolumedownasoursonJameswasstudyinginthenextroom.

“Youknowthismovieisbasedonatruestory,“Isaid,halfthinkingaboutmyhusband'ssituationandhalf

watchingthemovie.

“Yes."hereplied.ctIfsbasedonChrisKyle'sbook.”

IthoughtaboutalltheyoungmenwhohadlosttheirlivesinIraq."Someofthoseboyswereonlyacoupleof

yearsolderthanJames,“1said.

AsIwatchedthemovie,Ibegantorealizehowsmallourproblemsreallywere."Youknow,othercouplesare

wonderingiftheirsonsaresafeonabattlefield,andherewearewithoursonperfectlysafeinthenextroom.”

Overthenexthour,themoodinourroomchangedfromdepressiontogratitude.Howfortunatewewere!Our

sonwashealthyandsafe.Wehadaroofoverourheadsandcouldwalkoutsidewithoutworryingwhetherthere

wouldbebullets（子彈）flyingthroughtheair.Asformyhusband'sjob,hecoulddosomethingelse——somethingthat

hewouldlove.

Lookingatthebigpictureandmovingfrom46depressiontoreflection^havemadeallthedifference.

4.Whatproblemdidtheauthor'sfamilyface?

A.Thehouseroofwasbroken.

B.Thehusbandwouldlosehisjob.

C.Thesondidpoorlyinhisstudies.

D.Therelationshipbetweenthecouplewasbad.

5.Whydidtheauthorwanttochangethechannel?

A.Themoviewasveryboring.

B.Shepreferredsomethinglighter.

C.Herhusbandlikedfamilycomedies.

D.Shewasconsideratetowardsherhusband.

6.Whatmadetheauthorfeelbetter?

A.Watchingafunnyfamilycomedy,

B.Thinkingofunfortunatefamilies.

C.Thetouchingstoryinthemovie.

D.Herhusband'swordsofcomfort.

7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthetext*?

A.Begratefulforwhatwehave.

B.Getsomepowerfromamovie.

C.Wecanalwayscontrolourlife.

D.Staystronginthefaceofdifficulty.

C

MarioCohn-HaftremembersthesinkingfeelinghehadwhenherealisedthepaiTothehadcometoseewould

probablynotappearbeforehimagain.Hehadtakenabird-watchingtourtotheareawheretheverylastwildSpix's

macaw（金剛鸚鵡）,ablueparrotnativetoBrazil,wasknowntoshowitself.Butthattourwasthefirsthehadled

thatcouldn'tspotit."Iwasoneofthefirstpeopletoexperienceitbeingextinctinthewild,“saysCohn-Haft,an

ornithologist（鳥類學(xué)家）.Thatwas20yearsago.NowildSpix'smacawshavebeenseensince.

Buttodaythereishope.Spix'smacawsstillexist.Asmallnumberofbreedingpairsarecurrentlylivingin

captivity（圈養(yǎng)）.Conservationistsareinthemiddleofaprojecttoraisehealthybirdsandpreparethemfbr

releaseintothewild.TheAssociationfbrtheConservationofThreatenedParrots（ACTP）isleadingcurrentefforts.

CromwellPurchase,adirectorattheACTP,explainsthatthegroupplanstosend50Spix'smacawsto

rehabilitationfacilitiesinBrazil,whicharecurrentlyunderconstruction.Ifallgoeswell,thebirdswillbeshipped

fromGermanysoon.Theconservationteamwillfirstpracticeatechniqueforreleasingthebirdsonasmallflockof

liliger'smacaws.Then,in2021,theSpix'swillbereleasedwithasmallgroupoftheliliger's,whichwillhopefully

helpthemtoadapttotheforestofCaatinga.

Therealtestwillbewhetherthebirdstaketotheirnativesurroundingsandwhethertheysuccessfullybreed

andraisechicksinthewild.ButBrazilwantstheplantowork."Weknowhowtoreintroduceparrots.Thereare

nowmanypublicationsandcasestudiesthatshowwecangetbirdsoutintothewildandhavethemsurvive,9,says

DonBrightsmith,anexpertinparrots.Brightsmithnotesoneimportantpoint—thebirdsmustbeshownhowto

raisechicksindependently.Otherwise,anyreintroducedpopulationwillquicklycollapse.

Happily,Purchasesaysthisissomethingheandhiscolleaguesareworkingon.Shouldthebirdsflourish,the

blueflashofaSpix'swingsmightonedaybeseenagainbylocalsand,perhaps,fascinatedgroupsofbird-watchers.

8.WhatdoweknowaboutCohn-Haffsbird-watchingtour20yearsago?

A.Itturnedouttobefruitless.

B.Itwashislastbird-watchingtour.

C.ItinspiredhimtostudytheSpix'smacaw.

D.ItallowedhimtospotthelastwildSpix'smacaw.

9.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytotakeplacein2021?

A.SomeSpix'smacawsbeingsenttotheirnaturalhabitat.

B.SomeSpix'smacawsandliliger'smacawsbeingcrossbred.

C.SomenewSpix'smacawrehabilitationfacilitiesbeingbuilt.

D.SomebreedingSpix'smacawsbeingimportedfromGermany.

10.WhichwordcanbestdescribeBrightsmith^toneofspeech?

A.Cautious.B.Confused.C.Confident.D.Concerned.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Case-studyingwildSpix'smacaws.

B.EnablingSpix'smacawstoflyagain.

C.IncreasingthepopulationofSpix'smacaws.

D.TrainingadultSpix'smacawstobequalifiedparents.

Whenmymotherdiedafewyearsago,welookedthroughboxesinwhichshehadlovinglystoredher

children'slives.Handwrittenreportcardsfromgradeschool.Newscuttingsaboutgames.Postcardsfromsummer

camps.Andsomanyphotos：birthdays,graduations,weddingsandtripstowonderfulplaces.

Aftermyfather'sdeath,Ifoundmanyhandwrittenpitylettersfromhisfriends.Rereadingthemonceayear,

IamtransportedbacktothetimeImisssomuch.Ofcourse,IreceivedmanyemailsaboutDadaswell,butI

wouldn'tbegintoknowhoworwheretofindthem.Besides,personalmessagesaremoremeaningfulwhen

presentedinthehandofthesender.

Mykids,nowintheir20s,havemostlydigitalkeepsakes.IncreasinglytheyrelyonFacebook,tostore

memories.Theirlettersfromcollege,sentbyemail,arelonggone.Manyphotos,neverprinted,havedisappeared.

Ireallyworrythatforthem.

InAndrewHoskins'newbookDigitalMemoryStudies,heconcludes,“Despitethegradualdisappearanceof

photographs,lettersandotherobjectsthatareremindersofpeopleandpastexperiences,theirkeepingislike

holdingontothosepeopleandexperiences.9,Digitalitemsoffernothingofthekind.

MarkB.McKinleyexplainedthatcollectingphysicalmemorabilia（值得2己念的事物）canserveasameans

ofcontroltobringoutacomfortzoneinone'slife,calmingfearsandeasingworries.Ifsnowonderthatchildren

arefondofcollectingthings-it'simportanttotheirdevelopment.

Onemothersays,“MySoncollectspiecesofbrokenstones."Thekidmightbecomeagreatgeologistora

successfulbusinessman.Butwillhismomprintoutaphotoofthatuniquecollection?Willhisdegreeingeologybe

memorializedonpaper,orwillhebegivenadigitaldiploma?Andwillhecollecthisfirstpaycheckorwillhebe

paidbydirectdeposit?

12.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

A.Peopledon'tcollectphysicalobjects.

B?Hardcopiesfailtopreserveourmemory.

C.Physicalobjectsaren'tcollectedformemory.

D.MemoriesarestoredontheInternetforever.

13.WhatisAndrewHoskins9attitudetowardsdigitalmemory?

A.Heisagainstit.

B.Heishopefulaboutit.

C.Heisconfusedaboutit.

D.Hedoesn'tcareaboutit.

14.Whatbenefitdoescollectingphysicalmemorabiliabringtochildren?

A.Itcurestheirillnesses.

B.Itmakesthemfeelrelaxed.

C.Itkeepstheirlifeundercontro1.

D.Ithelpsthemleadacomfortablelife.

15.Whydoestheauthorraisesomequestionsinthelastparagraph?

A.Toexplainauniquecollection.

B.Toofferdirectsupporttotheboy.

C.Toencouragereaderstosharetheirideas.

D.Toshowherworryaboutthelossofcollecting.

課后作業(yè)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Namingapetcanbedifficultconsideringallthecutenamesavailable.Whennamingyourpetyouwantto

makesuretheirnameisshortandsimple,notsomethingtoocrazy!Herearesomewaystohelpyounameyourpet.

Thinkaboutyourpet'spersonality.

Doeshe/sheremindyouofaperson,character,object,orpersonality.Isthereanactivityhe/shelovestodo?

Isthereacharactertraitthathe/sheremindsyouof?16.Forexample,isStarWarsapopularthinginyour

family?MaybenameyourpetafterChewyorLeia!

Examineyourpet.

Let'stakeadogforexample.Thedogisdarkandremindsyouofsomethingyoulike.17Maybehe/she

smellsalot,soyoucouldnamehim/herStinky.Ifyoulikecartoons,youmaynamehimPluto.

Getanamebook.

Anamebookthatisusedtohelppickbabynamescanhelpyoufindaname!18Hey,whoknows,you

couldfindsomeveryinterestingnames!

Getinspiredbyyourownlife.

Maybenameyourpet“Joker“ifyoulikecomicbooks.Doyoucollectorhaveinterestincoins?19

20

Forexample,thenamePrincessPeanutButteriscute,buttoolongtosaytoyourpeteveryminuteortwo.

UnlessyouplantocallthepetwiththelongnamesomequirkynicknamelikePPB,chooseanamethatissimpler

thatyoucouldcallthepet.

A.Consideryourpefsuniqueness.

B.Avoidnamesthatmaybetoolong.

C.Anyofthesecouldsuggestagoodname.

D.Searchthroughsomenamesinthebook.

E.Longnamescanbetrickyandconfusing.

F.Youmaynamehim/herSmokyorStormy.

G.MaybenameyourpetLincolnafterthepenny.

第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)供20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

ThereisastoryfrommanyyearsagoofaprimaryschoolteachercalledMrs.Thompson.Ontheveryfirstday

ofherfourthgradeclass,shetoldthechildr