高考學習網（），您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣大教師踴躍來稿，稿酬豐厚。高考學習網（），您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣大教師踴躍來稿，稿酬豐厚。高二英語課堂學案非謂語動詞Name:Group主動語態被動語態否定式句法功能一般式進行式完成式一般式完成式前面直接加not主賓表定狀補動詞不定式todotobedoingtohavedonetobedonetohavebeendone√√√√√√動詞ingdoinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone√√√√√√過去分詞

donevt.(被動完成)risenvi(主動完成)√√√√注：1.動詞不定式的一般式所表示的動作常發生在謂語動詞的動作之后或與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時進行；進行式所表示的動作正在進行；而完成式所表示的動作則在謂語動詞的動作之前發生。2.動詞ing的一般式所表示的動作在謂語動詞之前、后或同時進行要看語境；而完成式所表示的動作在謂語動詞之前發生。Hecameheretoborrowabook.Ipretendedtobereadingwhenmothercamein.SheissaidtohavebeensenttoEuropeonbusinessBeingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.Havingdonehishomework,hewenttobed.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportant.一．不定式和-ing形式作主語的區別1.-ing和不定式都可以作主語，-ing作主語表示一般或抽象的多次性行為，不定式作主語往往表示具體的或一次性的將來動作。Smokingisforbiddenhere．這里禁止抽煙。(抽象)Learningaforeignlanguageisveryuseful.Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch．你抽這么多煙對你身體很不好。(具體)2.不定式做主語，一般用it當形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置。常見句型有itisadj.(of/forsb.)todosth.Ittookwillandpatiencetodoanythingwell.Itisniceofyoutosayso.3..-ing在“Itisnouse/nogood/useless+doing，Itisfun(agreatpleasure,awasteoftime)”結構中作主語，it為形式主語。Itisnogoodwritingtohim;heneveranswersletters.寫信給他不妥，他從來不回信。Itisnogoodcryingthespiltmilk.覆水難收Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain1.__________alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.A.LearnB.LearningC.learnedD.Beinglearned2.Itisnotalwayseasy__________invitations.A.torefuseB.refusingC.toberefusedD.beingrefused3.__________nowseemsimpossible.A.SavingmoneyB.savedmoneyC.BeingsavedmoneyD.Tobesavedmoney4.To

answer

correctly

is

more

important

than

__________

A.

a

quick

finish

B.

to

finish

quickly

C.

finishing

quickly

D.

you

finish

quickly

5.

How

__________

the

problem

will

be

discussed

at

tomorrow’s

meeting.

A.

to

solve

B.

to

be

solved

C.

being

solved

D.

solving

6.

It

was

polite

_________

the

child

to

give

up

his

seat

to

the

elderly

woman.

A.

for

B.

of

C.

to

D.

with

7.

Is

it

necessary

__________

the

book

immediately?

A.

for

him

to

return

B.

that

he

returns

C.

his

returning

D.

of

him

to

return

8.

It

__________

forty-five

minutes

__________

there

by

bus.

A.

cost,

to

get

B.

takes,

getting

C.

takes,

to

get

D.

takes,

to

get

to

9.__________theassignmentmadehisfatherlosehistemper.A.Theboy’snothavingdoneB.TheboynothavingdoneC.Theboy’shavingnotdoneD.Theboyhavingnotdone二．不定式和ing形式作賓語的區別1.-ing形式作賓語通常表示一般的、經常性的行為，而不定式作賓語表示特定的、具體的、一次性動作Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimtoday.2.1)有些動詞或短語要求只接不定式作賓語：help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,arrange,learn,plan,demand,dare,manage,agree,prepare,fail,determine,offer,choose,desire,elect,long等動詞后要用動詞不定式作賓語。2)有些動詞或短語只接ing作賓語：admit承認；excuse原諒；practise練習；appreciate欣賞；finish完成；prevent防止；avoid避免；forgive寬恕；delay耽擱；imagine想象；keep保留；risk冒險；dislike討厭；mind在意；miss錯過；suggest建議；enjoy喜歡；can’tstand忍不住；feellike想要；giveup放棄；putoff推遲；objectto反對;lookforwardto期望,keepon一直,setabout著手,Shefinishedreadingthebook(看完這本書）yesterday.Willyouadmithavingbrokenthewindow?你承認不承認打破了窗戶？Heputoffmakingadecisiontillhehadmoreinformation.Doyoufeelliketakingawalk?你要不要去散步？WearelookingforwardtocomingtoChina.我們期待著來中國。Doyoumindmysmokingintheroom？你介意我在室內吸煙嗎？①Idon’twant____likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.A.tosound B.tobesounded C.sounding D.tohavesounded②Itisdifficulttoimaginehis________thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.accept B.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted3.用不定式還是用動名詞作賓語意義不同InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans____foranotherhour.A.waiting B.towait C.wait D.tobewaiting類似的知識點要記牢。（1）remembertodosth.記住要做rememberdoingsth.記得過去做過（2）forgettodosth.忘了已做過的事forgetdoingsth.忘記要做某事（3）regrettodosth.對馬上要或不做的事表示遺憾regretdoingsth.對已發生的事表示遺憾或后悔（4）meantodosth.打算，想要meandoing意味著，意思是（5）trytodosth.努力做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事（6）can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁，忍不住can’thelp(to)dosth.不能幫忙做某事（7）considerdoing考慮做某事considersb.todo認為某人做某事（8）stoptodo停下來，要做另一件事（不定式作目的狀語）stopdoing停止做（動名詞作賓語）（9）goontodo接著做另一件事（不定式作目的狀語）③—Thelastone___________paysthemeal.—Agreed!A.arrived B.arrives C.toarrive D.arriving④TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames______inBeijingin2008.⑤ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures______inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.A.toform B.form C.forming D.havingformed⑥—Canthose atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?—Noproblem.A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat⑦TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompletedThepicture_______onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung六.作狀語時,三者的區別1不定式作狀語通常表示①原因(謂動之前)②目的(謂動之后)(可用soasto/inorderto替換)③結果/程度(意想不到的結果，常為onlytodoso…asto，too…to)Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews．(原因)TogetthereontimeIgotupveryearly.（目的）Hetravelledaroundtheworldtogivelectures.（目的）Herushedtoschoolonlytofindtherewasnobodythere.（結果）Youaresokindastocomehere.2-ing或過去分詞作狀語通常表示①原因②時間③條件④讓步⑤結果⑥伴隨（逗號）(主語一致性；-ing表主動，過去分詞表被動)Hearingasound,thebabystoppedcrying.（原因）Givenanapple,thechildstoppedcrying.（條件）Nothavingreceivedanynewsfromhomeforalongtime,sheisbecomingmoreandmorehomesick.（原因）When/Ifheated,icewillbechangedintowater.（條件）Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thevillagelooksverysmall.（時間）Beingverysmall,computersarewidelyused.（原因）Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.（結果）Theteacherenteredtheroom,followedbysomestudents.(伴隨)3.已經成為固定用法的非謂語動詞（短語）不需要遵守這條附著規則常見的的有：considering…(鑒于/考慮到……)，judgingby/from…(從……來看，依據……來判斷)，supposingthat…(假定……)，providingthat…(假定……)，accordingto…(依據……)，including…(包括……)，owingto…(由于……)，talking/speakingof…(談及……)given…(考慮到……),providedthat…(如果……)①Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshasbeensoldout.A.tobetoldB.totell C.told D.telling②Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,______arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereached B.reaching C.toreach D.tobereaching③Thestormleft,_____alotofdamagetothisarea.

A.caused B.tohavecausedC.tocause D.havingcaused④“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,_________away.

A.run B.running C.torun D.ran⑤ toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.Fail B.Failed C.Tofail D.Havingfailed⑥ aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A.Havingshown B.Tobeshown C.Havingbeenshown D.Toshow⑦_____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.Todress C.Dressing D.Havingdressed

⑧______intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.Put B.Putting C.Havingput D.Beingput

七、非謂語動詞特殊用法：一.下列情況用不定式：①.sth.beadj(hard\difficult\easy\heavy)todoThequestionisdifficulttoanswer.②.sb.havesth.todoIhavealotofworktodo.③.Therebesth.todo\tobedoneThereisnothingtotalkabout.④.find(think\feel\consider\make\believe)itadjtodosth⑤Thereisnoneedtodo.⑥Hehasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.Shedidnothingbutcry.二．在“havedifficulty(trouble,problem,ahardtime,fun,agoodtime)(+in)+doing；bebusy(in)+doing；Thereisnopoint(in)+doing”等結構中，in常要省去。Thechildrenarebusydoingtheirhomework.孩子們忙于做作業。Thereisnopoint(in)makingthesimpleexperimentsonceagain.再做一次這種簡單的實驗是毫無意義的。三．在（be）worth后面只能用-ing的主動態來表示被動意義。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering,此句可轉換成：Hissuggestionisworthytobeconsidered.四、catch+sbdoing(撞見某人正在做某事)Icaughtamanstealingmypurse.五．固定搭配：必須用-ed做狀語belocatedinbefixedonbeburiedinbelockedbelostinthoughtbedressedinbecaughtintherainbeseparatedfrombesatisfiedwithbeseatedbeengagedinbearmedwitheg.Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.六．獨立成分作狀語Generallyspeaking一般來說judgingfrom根據…來判斷Franklyspeaking坦白的說considering考慮到Totellyouthetruth說實話七．特殊邏輯主語及復合結構1.特殊結構：1)It+be+adj+forsbtodosth.表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。（此處形容詞描述事情。）Eg.ItisveryimportantforustolearnEnglish.2)It+be+adj+ofsbtodosth表示“做某事某人怎么樣”（此處形容詞描述人的品質、修養等。）Eg.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.八．獨立主格結構

1.邏輯主語+doing/doneWeatherpermitting,I’llgototheparkwithmyparentsonSunday.如果天氣允許，星期天我將和爸媽去公園。Allthingsconsidered,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.考慮到所有的情況，原來計劃好的旅行不得不取消。2.Therebeing+名詞（代詞）如：

Therebeingnothingelsetodo,wewenthome.

Therebeingnofurtherbusiness,Ideclarethemeetingclosed.

3.Itbeing+名詞（代詞）如：

ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.由于圣誕節的緣故，政府機關都休息。

Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都關門了。

①Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.A.hasbeenlaunchedB.havingbeenlaunchedC.beinglaunchedD.tobelaunched②Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_______fortheday.A.finishing B.finished C.hadfinished D.werefinished九、不定式的省略①—What’sthematterwithDella?—Well,herparentswouldn’tallowhertogototheparty,butshestill__.A.hopesto B.hopessoC.hopesnotD.hopesfor②—Wouldyouliketojoinmeforaquicklunchbeforeclass?—,butIpromisedNancytogooutwithher.A.I’dliketo B.IlikeitC.Idon’t D.Iwill③Inmyopinion,lifeinthetwenty-firstcenturyismucheasierthan .A.thatusedtobe B.itisusedto C.itwasusedto D.itusedtobe_____themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.ThepresidentwillattendB.ThepresidenttoattendC.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident’sattending1.（全國卷I）Thechildrenallturnedthefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.A.lookedat B.tolookat C.tolookingat D.lookat2.（全國卷I）Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?A.taking B.take C.taken D.totake3.（全國卷II）Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficsmoothly.A.beingrun B.run C.torun D.running4.（北京卷）Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit___onhisownfarm.A.grown B.beinggrown C.tobegrown D.togrow5.（北京卷）Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation___informationinamoreeffectiveway.A.presenting B.presented C.beingpresented D.topresent6.（北京卷）_______twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.A.Beingbitten B.BittenC.Havingbitten D.Tobebitten7.（上海卷）Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_____allfourpeopleonboard.A.killed B.killing C.kills D.tokill8.（上海卷）Withthegovernment’said,those_____bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.A.affect B.affecting C.affected D.wereaffected9.（上海卷）Billsuggested_____ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheld B.tohold C.holding D.hold10.（上海卷）Davidthreatenedhisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.A.tobereported B.reporting C.toreport D.havingreported11.（天津卷）______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.Competing B.Havingcompleted C.Tohavecompleted D.Tocomplete12.（天津卷）_____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.Beingencouraged B.Encouraging C.Encouraged D.Havingencouraged13.（重慶卷）Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,withhisoldone.A.comparing B.compares C.tocompare D.compared14.（重慶卷）Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnewwithallbyourselveseveryday.A.deal B.dealt C.todeal D.dealing15.（安徽卷）Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.produced B.beingproduced C.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced16.（福建卷）nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.A.Reminding B.Reminded C.Toremind D.Havingreminded17.（福建卷）InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A.marking B.marked C.havingmarked D.beingmarked18.（湖南卷）Whenhethedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere. A.wouldopen B.opened C.hadopened D.wastoopen18.（湖南卷）Attheageof29,Davewas