藥理學智慧樹知到課后章節答案2023年下南開大學南開大學

第一章測試

WhichofthefollowingdrugsisaninducerofCYP1A2(

)

A:CiprofloxacinB:FluconazoleC:SimvastatinD:Tobacco

答案:Tobacco

Theprocessofrenalexcretionofdrugsdoesnotincludewhichofthefollowingoptions(

)

A:ActivesecretionofrenaltubulesB:Glomerularfiltration

C:HepatoentericcirculationD:passivetubulereabsorption

答案:Hepatoentericcirculation

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse(

)

A:TmaxreferstothetimethattakesadrugorothersubstancetoreachthemaximumconcentrationCmaxB:Thalf（T1/2）ofadrugreferstothetimerequiredfortheplasmaconcentrationofthedrugtodropbyhalfC:AUCreferstoAreaunderthecurve(pharmacokinetics),regardingplasmadrugconcentration-timecurvesD:ThetimerequiredtoreachhalfofCmaxbyoraladministrationisdifferentfromthetimerequiredforhalfofCmaxintravenously

答案:ThetimerequiredtoreachhalfofCmaxbyoraladministrationisdifferentfromthetimerequiredforhalfofCmaxintravenously

Themainfactorsaffectingdrugabsorptionare(

)

A:pHvalueB:Thefirstpasseffect

C:AdministrationrouteD:Bloodflow

答案:pHvalue;Thefirstpasseffect

;Administrationroute;Bloodflow

Thebioavailabilityofthedrugrefersto（

）

A:ThefractionorpercentageofadrugthatreacheshepaticportalcirculationB:ThefractionorpercentageofadrugthatreachestheactionpointC:ThefractionorpercentageofadrugthatreachessystemiccirculationD:Therelativespeedofthedrugabsorptionintothebody

答案:Thefractionorpercentageofadrugthatreachessystemiccirculation

第二章測試

Whichofthefollowingoptionsiswrongabouttheantagonist(

)

A:AntagonistsaredrugsthatdecreaseoropposetheactionsofanotherdrugorendogenousligandB:Antagonistaretypicallyclassifiedascompetitiveandnon-competitivC:AntagonisthavebindingaffinitytoreceptorbuttheyhavenointrinsicactivitD:Acompetitiveantagonistbindstothedifferentsiteastheendogenoussignalingmolecule,blockingitsbindingsiteatthereceptor

答案:Acompetitiveantagonistbindstothedifferentsiteastheendogenoussignalingmolecule,blockingitsbindingsiteatthereceptor

Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong（

）

A:Thehigherthetherapeuticindex,thesaferthedrug,astheriskofatoxicorlethaloverdosedecreasB:Thepotencynotonlydependsontheefficacyofadrug,butalsoonitsbindingaffinityatthetargetsiteC:Effectivedose(ED)referstotheminimaldrugamountrequiredtoachievethemaximumeffectD:TheratioofED50toLD50istermedthetherapeuticindexanddiffersforeachdrug

答案:TheratioofED50toLD50istermedthetherapeuticindexanddiffersforeachdrug

Thetherapeuticindexrefersto（

）

A:LD50/ED50

B:

ED50/LD5C:

LD5/ED95D:

ED95/LD5

答案:LD50/ED50

Ifadrugbindstoareceptorandproducessomebiologicresponsesthatmimicstheresponsetotheendogenousligand,thedrugbelongsto(

)

A:Agonist

B:Stimulant

C:InhibitorD:Antagonist

答案:Agonist

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthereceptoriscorrect?

A:ReceptorsarepolysaccharidesonthecellmembraneB:TheeffectscausedbythebindingofreceptorsandligandsoragonistsareexcitatoryeffectsC:ReceptorreferstoaproteinthatbindstoaligandandproducesameasurableresponseD:Alldrugsworkbystimulatingorblockingthecorrespondingreceptors

答案:Receptorreferstoaproteinthatbindstoaligandandproducesameasurableresponse

第三章測試

Whichofthefollowingoptionsbelongstoselectiveβ1blockers(

)

A:LabetalolB:AtenololC:MetoprololD:Acebutolol

答案:Labetalol

Whichofthefollowingoptionsarelong-actingreceptoragonists?

A:Formoterol

B:TerbutalineC:AlbuterolD:Salmeterol

答案:Formoterol

;Salmeterol

Whichofthefollowingisananticholinesterasedrug（

）

A:CarbacholB:NeostigmineC:AcetylcholineD:Pilocarpine

答案:Neostigmine

Cholinergicreceptorsinclude（

）

A:NicotinicreceptorsB:αreceptorsC:Muscarinicreceptors

D:βreceptors

答案:Nicotinicreceptors;Muscarinicreceptors

NicotinicreceptorsareGproteincoupledreceptors,andtheiractivationwillincreasepermeabilityofsodiumorcalciuminpostganglionicneuronsorskeletalmuscles,hencetheyarealwaysexcitatory.Istheabovestatementcorrect.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯

第四章測試

Whichofthefollowingantiarrhythmicdrugsiscardiotoxic(

)

A:MagnesiumsulfateB:VerapamilC:LidocaineD:Digoxin

答案:Digoxin

WhichofthefollowingdrugscanbeusedforQTmonitoringofhospitalizedpatients（

)

A:Dofetilide

B:AmiodaroneC:

IbutilideD:Sotalol

答案:Dofetilide

;Sotalol

AsthmaandCOPDarenotcontraindicationsforwhichofthefollowingdrugs(

)

A:LabetalolB:Metoprolol

C:

PindololD:Carvedilol

答案:Metoprolol

Thesideeffectsofquinidinedonotincludewhichofthefollowingoptions(

)

A:

DiarrheaB:

lurredvisionC:

ConstipationD:Tinnitus

答案:

Constipation

Accordingtotheirmainmechanismofaction,antiarrhythmicdrugsincludewhichofthefollowingcategories(

)

A:PotassiumchannelB:SodiumchannelblockersC:BlockerscalciumchannelblockersD:β-blockers

答案:Potassiumchannel;Sodiumchannelblockers;Blockerscalciumchannelblockers;β-blockers

第五章測試

A40-year-oldmalehasrecentlybeendiagnosedwithhypertensionduetopressurereadingsof163/102and165/100mmHg.Healsohasdiabetesthatiswellcontrolledwithoralhypoglycemicmedications.Whichisthebestinitialtreatmentregimenfortreatmentofhypertensioninthispatient?

A:FurosemideB:FelodipineC:LisinopriD:MetoproloE:Lisinoprilandhydrochlorothiazide

答案:Lisinoprilandhydrochlorothiazide

A48-year-oldhypertensivepatienthasbeensuccessfullytreatedwithathiazidediureticforthelast5years.Overthelast3months,hisdiastolicpressurehassteadilyincreased,andhewasstartedonanadditionalantihypertensiveagent.Hecomplainsofseveralinstancesofbeingunabletoachieveanerectionandnotbeingabletocompletethreesetsoftennisasheoncedid.Whichisthelikelysecondantihypertensivemedication?

A:LosartanB:NifedipineC:MetoprololD:MinoxidilE:Captopril

答案:Metoprolol

Whichcanprecipitateahypertensivecrisisfollowingabruptcessationoftherapy?

A:LosartanB:EnalaprilC:ClonidineD:HydrochlorothiazideE:Diltiazem

答案:Clonidine

Whichmaycausereflextachycardiaand/orposturalhypotensiononinitialadministration?

A:AtenololB:PrazosinC:HydrochlorothiazidD:MetoprololE:Verapamil

答案:Prazosin

A45-year-oldmanwasjuststartedontherapyforhypertensionanddevelopedapersistent,drycough.Whichismostlikelyresponsibleforthissideeffect?

A:NifedipinB:LosartanC:EnalaprilD:PrazosinE:Propranolol

答案:Enalapril

第六章測試

BCisa70-year-oldfemalewhoisdiagnosedwithHFrEF.Herpastmedicalhistoryissignificantforhypertensionandatrialfibrillation.Sheistakinghydrochlorothiazide,lisinopril,metoprololtartrate,andwarfarin.BCsayssheisfeeling“good”andhasnocough,shortnessofbreath,oredema.Whichisthemostappropriatemedicationchangetomake

A:ChangelisinopriltolosartanB:DiscontinuehydrochlorothiazideC:DecreasewarfarindosD:Changemetoprololtartratetometoprololsuccinate

答案:Changemetoprololtartratetometoprololsuccinate

Howdoβ-blockersimprovecardiacfunctioninHF?

A:ByincreasingheartrateB:BydecreasingcardiacremodelingC:ByincreasingreninreleaseD:Byactivatingnorepinephrine

答案:Bydecreasingcardiacremodeling

WhatmakeslosartandifferentfromotherARBs?

A:Losartanhastheshortesthalf-lifeB:

LosartanhasanactivemetabolitC:

LosartanisrenallyeliminatedD:Losartanhasasmallvolumeofdistribution

答案:

Losartanhasanactivemetabolit

WhichbestdescribestheactionofACEinhibitorsonthefailingheart?

A:ACEinhibitorsdecreasecardiacoutpuB:ACEinhibitorsreducepreloadC:ACEinhibitorsincreasealdosteronD:ACEinhibitorsincreasevascularresistance

答案:ACEinhibitorsreducepreload

WhichdrugmayexacerbateHF?

A:

AcetaminophenB:CetirizineC:ChlorthalidoneD:

Ibuprofen

答案:

Ibuprofen

第七章測試

Whichsideeffectisassociatedwithamlodipine?

A:CoughB:

EdemaC:BradycardiaD:QTprolongation

答案:

Edema

A62-year-oldpatientwithahistoryofasthmaandvasospasticanginastatesthathegetschestpainbothwithexertionandatrest,abouttentimesperweek.Onesublingualnitroglycerintabletalwaysrelieveshissymptoms,butthismedicationgiveshimanawfulheadacheeverytimehetakesit.Whichisthebestoptionforimprovinghisangina

A:AddpropranololB:ReplacenitroglycerinwithranolazineC:AddamlodipineD:Changetosublingualnitroglycerinspray

答案:Addamlodipine

A72-year-oldmalepresentstotheprimarycarecliniccomplainingofchesttightnessandpressurethatisincreasinginseverityandfrequency.Hiscurrentmedicationsincludeatenolol,lisinopril,andnitroglycerin.Whichinterventionismostappropriateatthistime?

A:InitiateranolazineB:AddamlodipineC:ReferthepatienttothenearestemergencyroomforevaluatioD:Initiateisosorbidemononitrate

答案:Referthepatienttothenearestemergencyroomforevaluatio

Allofthefollowingmedicationscanbeusefulformanagingstableanginainapatientwithcoronaryarterydiseaseexcept:

A:Immediate-releasenifedipineB:AmlodipineC:AtenololD:Isosorbidedinitrate

答案:Immediate-releasenifedipine

Whatistheclinicaltermforanginacausedbycoronaryvasospasm?

A:ClassicanginaB:PrinzmetalanginaC:MyocardialinfarctionD:Unstableangina

答案:Prinzmetalangina

第八章測試

Whichsideeffectisassociatedwithamlodipine

A:BradycardiB:EdemC:QTprolongationD:Cough

答案:Edem

A62-year-oldpatientwithahistoryofasthmaandvasospasticanginastatesthathegetschestpainbothwithexertionandatrest,abouttentimesperweek.Onesublingualnitroglycerintabletalwaysrelieveshissymptoms,butthismedicationgiveshimanawfulheadacheeverytimehetakesit.Whichisthebestoptionforimprovinghisangina?

A:ReplacenitroglycerinwithranolazineB:ChangetosublingualnitroglycerinsprayC:AddamlodipineD:Addpropranolol

答案:Addamlodipine

A72-year-oldmalepresentstotheprimarycarecliniccomplainingofchesttightnessandpressurethatisincreasinginseverityandfrequency.Hiscurrentmedicationsincludeatenolol,lisinopril,andnitroglycerin.Whichinterventionismostappropriateatthistime?

A:

InitiateranolazineB:InitiateisosorbidemononitrateC:AddamlodipineD:Referthepatienttothenearestemergencyroomforevaluation

答案:Referthepatienttothenearestemergencyroomforevaluation

Allofthefollowingmedicationscanbeusefulformanagingstableanginainapatientwithcoronaryarterydiseaseexcept:

A:Immediate-releasenifedipineB:

AmlodipineC:AtenololD:Isosorbidedinitrate

答案:Immediate-releasenifedipine

Whatistheclinicaltermforanginacausedbycoronaryvasospasm？

A:PrinzmetalanginaB:

ClassicanginaC:UnstableanginaD:Myocardialinfarction

答案:Prinzmetalangina

第九章測試

Whichofthefollowingoptionsdoesnotbelongtotheclinicalapplicationofglucocorticoids

A:ForthetherapytofuberculosisB:ForthediagnosisofCushing’ssyndromeC:ReplacementtherapyforpatientswithAddison’sdiseaseD:

Foranti-inflammatory/immunosuppressivetherapy

答案:Forthetherapytofuberculosis

Whichofthefollowingoptionsarecontraindicationstoglucocorticoids(

)

A:DiabetesB:OsteoporosisC:GlaucomaD:Pepticulcer

答案:Diabetes;Osteoporosis;Glaucoma;Pepticulcer

Glucocorticoidscanbeadministeredorally,systemicallyorintra-articularly.Istheabovestatementcorrect

A:對B:錯

答案:對

Whichofthefollowingoptionsisnotanadversereactionofglucocorticoids(

)

A:InducingworseningulcersB:

GlycosuriaC:HypoglycemiaD:Inducingaggravatedinfection

答案:Hypoglycemia

Long-termuseofglucocorticoidscancause(

)

A:HighbloodphosphorusB:HighbloodcalciumC:LowbloodpotassiumD:Highbloodpotassium

答案:Lowbloodpotassium

第十章測試

Metforminiscontraindicatedinwhichofthefollowingpatients(

)

A:RenalinsufficiencyB:

Hypertension

C:GastriculcerD:Liverinsufficiency

答案:Renalinsufficiency

WhichofthefollowinghypoglycemicdrugscanNOTstimulatethepancreaticbetacellstosecreteinsulin(

)

A:PioglitazoneB:RepaglinideC:GlimepirideD:Nateglinide

答案:Pioglitazone

Whichofthefollowinghypoglycemicdrugsisanα-glucosidaseinhibitor(

)

A:MetforminB:AcarboseC:MiglitolD:Canagliflozin

答案:Acarbose;Miglitol

Whichofthefollowingoptionsisthemostseriousadversereactionofmetformin（

）

A:EdemaB:

LethargyC:ConstipationD:Lacticacidosis

答案:Lacticacidosis

Whichofthefollowingdrugscancauseweightlossinpatients(

)

A:LiraglutideB:InsulinGlarginC:InsulinLisprD:Exenatide

答案:Liraglutide;Exenatide

第十一章測試

Thefollowingdrugsthatcancauseleukopeniaare(

)

A:PropylthiouraciB:MethimazoleC:

Iodide

D:Carbimazole

答案:Propylthiouraci;Methimazole;Carbimazole

Propylthiouracil,carbimazoleandmethimazolecausesfetaltoxicities,likefetalgoiter,choanalatresia,scalpdefectsandaplasiacutis.Istheabovestatementcorrec

A:錯B:對

答案:錯

Themechanismofactionofpropylthiouracilis(

)

A:InhibitthebiosynthesisofthyroxinB:

InhibitTSHsecretionC:InhibitthyroiduptakeofiodineD:Inhibitthereleaseofthyroxine

答案:Inhibitthebiosynthesisofthyroxin

Whichofthefollowingantithyroiddrugsisnotsuitableforchildren(

)

A:IodideB:CarbimazoleC:MethimazoleD:

Propylthiouracil

答案:

Propylthiouracil

Whichofthefollowingoptionsisnotanadversereactionofpropylthiouracil(

)

A:HypothyroidismB:

RashC:FetaltoxicityD:Jointpain

答案:Fetaltoxicity

第十二章測試

Followingisthemaininhibitorytransmitterinthebrain(

)

A:DopamineB:NorepinephrineC:GABAD:Glycine

答案:GABA

WhichoneofthefollowingchemicalsdoessatisfythecriteriaforaneurotransmitterroleintheCNS?

A:SubstancePB:GlycineC:DopamineD:AcetylcholineE:NitricOxide

答案:SubstanceP;Glycine;Dopamine;Acetylcholine

FollowingisaG-proteincoupledreceptor(

)

A:Kainate

B:MetabotropicC:NMDAD:AMPA

答案:Metabotropic

Neurotransmittersmay(

)

A:Incresesodiumconductancetocauseinhibition

B:IncreasechlorideconductancetocauseinhibitionC:IncreasepotassiumconductancetocauseexcitationD:Increasecalciumconductancetocauseinhibition

答案:Increasechlorideconductancetocauseinhibition

Substancesecretedintothebloodbyaneuronis(

)

A:

Neurohormone

B:Neuromediator

C:NeuromodulatorD:Neurotransmitter

答案:

Neurohormone

第十三章測試

WhichagentisbestusedintheEmergencyRoomsettingforpatientswhoarebelievedtohavereceivedtoomuchofabenzodiazepinedrugortakenanoverdoseofbenzodiazepines?

A:DiazepamB:NaloxoneC:FlumazenilD:RamelteonE:Doxepin

答案:Flumazenil

FollowingisGABAAagonist(

)

A:BicucullineB:NoneoftheaboveC:MuscimolD:Baclofen

答案:Muscimol

Themostlikelyexplanationfortheincreasedsensitivityofelderlypatientstoasingledoseoftriazolamandothersedative-hypnoticdrugsis(

)

A:DecreasedrenalfunctionB:

DecreasedhepaticmetabolismoflipidsolubledrugsC:ChangesinbrainfunctionthataccompanytheagingprocessD:IncreasedcerebralbloodflowE:Changesinplasmaproteinbinding

答案:Changesinbrainfunctionthataccompanytheagingprocess

Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsiswrongregardingtheanxiolyticandhypnoticagents?

A:Phenobarbitalisusefulinthetreatmentofacuteintermittentporphyria.B:DiazepamandphenobarbitalinducethecytochromeP450enzymesystem.C:Phenobarbitalinducesrespiratorydepression,whichisenhancedbytheconsumptionofethanol.D:Phenobarbitalshowsanalgesicproperties.E:Buspironehasactionssimilartothoseofthebenzodiazepines.

答案:Phenobarbitalisusefulinthetreatmentofacuteintermittentporphyria.;DiazepamandphenobarbitalinducethecytochromeP450enzymesystem.;Phenobarbitalshowsanalgesicproperties.;Buspironehasactionssimilartothoseofthebenzodiazepines.

Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectregardingbenzodiazepines?

A:Benzodiazepines,likeotherCNSdepressants,readilyproducegeneralanesthesia.B:Benzodiazepinesdirectlyopenchloridechannels.C:Allbenzodiazepineshavesomesedativeeffects.D:Benzodiazepinesshowanalgesicactions.E:Clinicalimprovementofanxietyrequires2to4weeksoftreatmentwithbenzodiazepines.

答案:Allbenzodiazepineshavesomesedativeeffects.

第十四章測試

Followinggeneralanestheticisnotmetabolized(

)

A:IsofluraneB:EtherC:NitrousoxideD:Halothane

答案:Nitrousoxide

Fourstagesofgeneralanesthesiaaredistinctlyseenwiththeuseof(

)

A:NitrousoxideB:DiethyletherC:HalothaneD:Enflurane

答案:Diethylether

Apatientwithheartfailureandsignificantlyreducedcardiacoutputrequiressurgicalanesthesia.Whichofthefollowingwouldyouexpecttoseeinthispatient?

A:SlowerinductiontimewithIVanestheticsB:SlowerinductiontimewithinhaledanestheticsC:EnhancedremovalofinhaledanestheticstoperipheraltissuesD:NeedforincreaseddosageofIVanesthetics

答案:SlowerinductiontimewithIVanesthetics

Whichoneofthefollowingisapotentintravenousanestheticbutaweakanalgesic?

A:FentanylB:BenzodiazepinesC:IsofluraneD:KetamineE:Propofol

答案:Propofol

Whichofthefollowingisapotentanalgesicbutaweakanesthetic?

A:MidazolamB:EtomidateC:ThiopentaD:HalothanE:Nitrousoxid

答案:Nitrousoxid

第十五章測試

Aprominenttoxiceffectoflocalanaestheticsis(

)

A:CNSdepressionB:CNSstimulationC:NoneoftheaboveD:TachycardiaE:Localischemia

答案:CNSstimulation

A32-year-oldwomanrequestsanepiduraltoeaselaborpains.ShereportsthatshehadanallergicreactiontoNovocain(procaine)atthedentist’soffice.Whichofthefollowinglocalanestheticswouldbeappropriateforuseinanepiduralforthispatient?

A:Mepivacaine.B:Tetracaine.C:Ropivacaine.D:Chloroprocaine.

答案:Ropivacaine.

Toxicitiesoflocalanaestheticsinclude(

)

A:Hypertensiveemergencies,strokes(procaine)B:Convulsions(lidocaine)

C:MethemoglobinemiaD:

Dizziness,sedation(lidocaine)E:Cardiovasculararrhythmiasandcollapse(bupivacaine)

答案:Convulsions(lidocaine)

;Methemoglobinemia;

Dizziness,sedation(lidocaine);Cardiovasculararrhythmiasandcollapse(bupivacaine)

Whichofthefollowingiswrongregardinglocalanesthetics?

A:Intheirionizedform,theyinteractwiththeproteinreceptorofcalciumchannels.B:Theyaffectonlysmall,unmyelinatednervefibers.C:Theyhaveeitheralipophilicorahydrophilicgroup.D:Theyhaveeitheranamideoranesterlinkage.E:TheyareunaffectedbypHofthetissueandpKaofthedrug.

答案:Intheirionizedform,theyinteractwiththeproteinreceptorofcalciumchannels.;Theyaffectonlysmall,unmyelinatednervefibers.;Theyhaveeitheralipophilicorahydrophilicgroup.;TheyareunaffectedbypHofthetissueandpKaofthedrug.

Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetoxicityoflocalanaestheticsismostcorrect?

A:MostlocalanaestheticscausevasoconstrictionB:Cyanosismayoccurfollowinginjectionoflargedosesoflidocaine,especiallyinpatientswithpulmonarydisease

C:SeriouscardiovascularreactionsaremorelikelytooccurwithtetracainethanwithbupivacaineD:Inoverdosage,hyperventilation(withoxygen)ishelpfultocorrectacidosisandlowerextracellularpotassiumE:.Intravenousinjectionoflocalanaestheticsmaystimulateectopiccardiacpacemakeractivity

答案:Inoverdosage,hyperventilation(withoxygen)ishelpfultocorrectacidosisandlowerextracellularpotassium

第十六章測試

Whichofthefollowingdrugsismostusefulforthe

treatmentofabsenceseizures?（

）

A:Tiagabine.B:Zonisamide.C:Topiramate.D:Levetiracetam.E:Lamotrigine.

答案:Lamotrigine.

Whichofthefollowingisafirst-linemedicationfor

generalizedtonic–clonicseizures?（

）

A:Topiramate.B:Ethosuximide.C:Felbamate.D:Vigabatrin.E:Ezogabine.

答案:Topiramate.

A9-year-oldboyissentforneurologicevaluation

becauseofepisodesofapparentinattention.Overthe

pastyear,thechildhasexperiencedepisodesduring

whichhedevelopsablanklookonhisfaceandhis

eyesblinkfor15seconds.Heimmediatelyresumeshis

previousactivity.Whichonethefollowingbestdescribes

thispatient’sseizures?（

）

A:Complexpartial.B:Tonic–clonic.C:Simplepartial.D:Myoclonic.E:Absence.

答案:Absence.

A25-year-oldwomanwithmyoclonicseizuresiswell

controlledonvalproate.Sheindicatesthatsheis

interestedinbecomingpregnantinthenextyear.With

respecttoherantiepilepsymedication,whichofthe

followingshouldbeconsidered?（

）

A:Decreasehervalproatedose.B:Leaveheronhercurrenttherapy.C:Consideraddingasecondantiepilepsymedication.D:Considerswitchingtolamotrigine.

答案:Considerswitchingtolamotrigine.

Apatientwithfocalcomplexpartialseizureshasbeentreatedfor6monthswithcarbamazepinebut,recently,

hasbeenexperiencingbreakthroughseizuresonamorefrequentbasis.Youareconsideringaddinga

seconddrugtotheantiseizureregimen.Whichofthe

followingdrugsisleastlikelytohaveapharmacokinetic

interactionwithcarbamazepine?（

）

A:Tiagabine.B:

Levetiracetam.C:Topiramate.D:Lamotrigine.E:Zonisamide.

答案:

Levetiracetam.

第十七章測試

Insmallintestine,morphineparticularlyaffects(

)

A:IleumB:DoesnotaffectsmallintestinC:Duodenum

答案:Duodenum

Whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingmethadoneiswrong?

A:Methadoneisanexcellentchoiceforanalgesiainmostpatientssincetherearelimiteddrug–druginteractions.B:Thedurationofanalgesiaformethadoneismuchshorterthantheeliminationhalf-life.C:Theactivemetabolitesofmethadoneaccumulateinpatientswithrenaldysfunction.D:Theequianalgesicpotencyofmethadoneissimilartothatofmorphine.

答案:Methadoneisanexcellentchoiceforanalgesiainmostpatientssincetherearelimiteddrug–druginteractions.;Theactivemetabolitesofmethadoneaccumulateinpatientswithrenaldysfunction.;Theequianalgesicpotencyofmethadoneissimilartothatofmorphine.

WhichofthefollowingopioidsistheLEASTlipophilic?

A:

Fentanyl.B:Morphine.C:Methadone.D:

Meperidine.

答案:Morphine.

Morphinestimulates(

)

A:HumanuterusatfulltermB:BillaryandpancreaticsecretionsC:PropulsiveperistalticwavesincolonD:PropulsivecontractionsinsmallintestineofmanE:Nonpropulsiverhythmiccontractionsofsmallintestineofman

答案:Nonpropulsiverhythmiccontractionsofsmallintestineofman

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfentanyliscorrect?

A:Fentanylis100timesmorepotentthanmorphine.B:Itismosteffectivebyoraladministration.C:Theactivemetabolitesoffentanylcancauseseizures.D:Itswithdrawalsymptomscanberelievedbynaloxone.

答案:Fentanylis100timesmorepotentthanmorphine.

第十八章測試

Analgesiceffectsofaspirin:

A:subcorticalsiteofactioB:peripheralaction(inflammation)C:bothD:neither

答案:both

NSAIDprimarilypromotedasananalgesic,notasananti-inflammatoryagent:

A:IbuprofenB:sulindacC:NaproxenD:PiroxicamE:Ketorolac

答案:Ketorolac

NSAIDprimarilypromotedasananalgesic,notasananti-inflammatoryagent:

A:ibuprofenB:sulindacC:ketorolaD:piroxicamE:naproxen

答案:ketorola

Mediatormostlikelytopromotepain(

)

A:leukotrienesB:serotoninC:histamineD:bradykininE:prostaglandins

答案:bradykinin

Mechanismofaction:aspirin-plateleteffects:

A:promotesplateletaggregationB:activatesthromboxanesynthesisC:bothD:neither

答案:neither

第十九章測試

Antihistamines,phenothiazines,tricyclicantidepressantsandantiparkinsonianagentshaveacommonpropertythat(

)

A:AllhaveadrenergicactionB:AllproducesCNSstimulationC:Allhavelongplasmahalf-lifeD:Allhavesomeatropinelikeaction

答案:Allhaveadrenergicaction

Peripheraladverseeffectsoflevodopa,includingnausea,hypotension,andcardiacarrhythmias,canbediminishedbyincludingwhichofthefollowingdrugsinthetherapy?

A:Ropinirole.B:Tolcapone.C:Carbidopa.D:Amantadine.E:Pramipexole.

答案:Carbidopa.

WhichmedicationisaglutamatereceptorantagonistthatcanbeusedincombinationwithanacetylcholinesteraseinhibitortomanagethesymptomsofAlzheimer’sdisease?

A:Donepezil.B:Memantine.C:Ropinirole.D:Fluoxetine.E:Rivastigmine.

答案:Memantine.

Tolerancetotheantiparkinsonianactiondevelopsmostrapidlyinthecaseof(

)

A:Amantadine

B:Levodopa+carbidopaC:BromocriptineD:Levodopa

答案:Amantadine

Theantiparkinsoniandrugwhichactsbyinhibitingthedegradationofdopamineinthebrainis(

)

A:

BromocriptineB:SelegilineC:AmantadineD:Carbidopa

答案:Selegiline

第二十章測試

Whichantipsychotichasthemostsedativepotentialandissometimesquestionablyusedasahypnoticagentincertainclinicalsettings?

A:

HaloperidolB:Fluphenazine.C:Iloperidone.D:Thiothixene.E:Quetiapine.

答案:Quetiapine.

WhichoneofthefollowingantipsychoticshasbeenshowntobeapartialagonistatthedopamineD2receptor?

A:Thioridazine.B:Risperidone.C:

Aripiprazole.D:Clozapine.E:Haloperidol

答案:

Aripiprazole.

Whichantidepressanthas,asitstwoprinciplemechanismsofaction,5-HT2Areceptorantagonismandα2receptorantagonism?

A:Doxepin.B:Selegiline.C:Fluoxetine.D:

MirtazapineE:Maprotiline.

答案:

Mirtazapine

Whichantidepressantisthemostsedating?

A:Fluoxetine.B:Duloxetine.C:CitalopramD:Venlafaxine.E:Nortriptyline.

答案:Nortriptyline.

Whichantidepressanthas,asitstwoproposedprinciplemechanismsofaction,5-HT1areceptorpartialagonismand5-HTreuptakeinhibition?

A:Vilazodone.B:Aripiprazole.C:

Fluoxetine.D:Mirtazapine.E:Maprotiline.

答案:Vilazodone.

第二十一章測試

Recreationaluseofdrugssometimesleadstodependence.Whichofthefollowingisleastlikelytocausephysicaldependence?

A:AlcoholisteratogenicB:Alcoholhasadirectstimulatoryeffectonsexualresponsiveness

C:AlcoholincreasesADAproductionD:Alcoholisexcitatoryinnature

答案:Alcoholisteratogenic

Mentalretardation,microcephaly,andunderdevelopmentofthemidfaceregioninaninfantisassociatedwithchronicmaternalabuseof（

）

A:MescalineB:PhencyclidineC:CocaineD:AmphetamineE:Ethanol

答案:Ethanol

A35-year-oldmanhasbeenabusingcocaineandisagitated,tachycardic,hypertensive,andhyperthermic.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectregardingtreatmentinthissituation?

A:Thispatientshouldundergogastriclavage;thatis,heshouldhavehisstomachpumpedimmediately.B:PhenobarbitalshouldbethefirstchoiceasananticonvulsantC:Benzodiazepineswouldbeagoodchoice,astheyshouldh