短文改錯

尤溪七中

宋慶彬概況高考英語短文改錯，考察學生綜合運用英語語言的能力，從歷年短文改錯來看，學生失分仍很多，下面談談短文改錯解題技巧。短文改錯常見考點設置考點1：名詞命題特點:本來用復數,卻用單數；本來用單數，卻用復數。改正方法:(1)根據名詞前的修飾限定成份

(2)根據上下文的邏輯關系.例1.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.例2.Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.schoolmatesstrangers例3.TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.例4.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.例5.NowwecangetmillionsofinformationsfromtheInternet.subjectspicturesinformation考點2：代詞命題特點：1.男女性代詞用反；2.單數指代復數；3.代詞詞性用錯；4.缺少人稱代詞。

改正方法:根據上下文的邏輯關系以及人稱代詞的數和格的一致問題.例1.Roseissuchakindgirlthatwealllikehimverymuch.例2.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.例3.Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.hertheirus例5.SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.例6.Mystorybookismuchmoreinterestingthanher.例7.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.myselfhersit考點3：介詞命題特點及改正方法：介詞涉及搭配錯誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯誤：1）介詞的基本用法；2）習慣搭配；3）動詞詞類確定錯誤，如talk,,serve,wait等。記住：介詞短語常常考，固定搭配要記牢。介詞后邊跟賓語，結合語境細推敲。例1.Thepatientsaretakengoodcarewellinthenursinghome.例2.We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.例3.Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.例4.Hewaslookingabook.aboutofforfor考點4：時態命題特點及改正方法：現在時與過去時的誤用，句中一般沒有時間狀語。每年都考。要注意聯系上下文，著眼于整個語篇的時態。通常整篇都是過去，突然一個句子用現在時；或者通常整篇都是現在，突然一個句子用過去時。其中又以一般現在時和過去時互改為多。例1.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatIcanmakegreatprogress.例2.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.例3.Lastweek,hegoestoseeadoctor.dovisitedwent考點5：and/but/or/so誤用及前后不一致命題特點：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列連詞的誤用。

改正方法：1）根據句意確定錯誤；

2）根據句子的邏輯關系確定錯誤。例1.Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.例2.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.例3.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.andbutand例4.Hurryup,andyouwillmissthefirstbus.例5.Sheworkedhard,andshewasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.例6.Manypeasantsowntheirair-conditionersbutsomeevenhavetheirowncars.or/otherwisesoand考點6：冠詞命題特點及改正方法：英語中冠詞只有三個，只能從以下幾個方向出題：1）不定冠詞a和an互改；2）不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；3）根據需要增刪冠詞。例1.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.例2.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but---例3.WiththehelpofMr.LiIhavemadeagreatprogress.athe例4.RosecomesfromanEuropeancountrybutshecanspeakChinese.例5.Ihopeyou’vehadpleasantjourneyhome.例6.WeallthinkBettyisahonestgirl.aaan考點7：形容詞和副詞命題特點及改正方法：主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的比較級等。1）根據adj.或adv.的基本用法確定錯誤；2）修飾名詞用形容詞，系表結構用形容詞；3）修飾行為動詞、形容詞、過去分詞及整個句子用副詞，在句首用副詞。例1.Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.例2.TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.例3.Thelifeofthepeopleinthevillagehasgreatimproved.例4.FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.quietpersonalgreatlyeasy例5.TherearemanyforeignerscomingtoQingdaoforatourinrecentlyyears.例6.ClimateinBeijingismuchcoldthanthatinNanjing.例7.Thesouptastesgreatdelicious.例8.Fortunatehepassedthedrivingtest.recentcoldergreatlyFortunately考點8：非謂語動詞命題特點及改正方法：1）謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的錯用；2）動詞不定式和動名詞的錯用；3）現在分詞和過去分詞的錯用等。例1.Repairinglastmonth,nowthebathroomopens.例2.TherearealotofpeoplelearnedEnglishinChina.例3.Youshouldhadabalancingdiettogrowahealthyman.例4.Whenshereturnedshefoundherbikelosing.Repairedlearningbalancedlost考點9：主謂一致命題特點改正方法：主謂一致性;第三人稱單數漏掉s，或主語為復數，謂語動詞用了單數;再就是就近原則對主語的影響。例1.Shegotoschoolbybikeat6:30inthemorning.例2.Isthereanybooksonthewritingdesk?例3.WhatsurprisedusmostwerethathehadpassedtheEntranceExamination.例4.Hereistheanswerstothequestions.goesArewasare短文改錯小結做短文改錯應采取六個步驟和四不改。六個步驟：（1）通讀短文，整體把握短文大意。（2）細讀全文，逐句分析，把握結構，逐一作答。（3）粗略分析詞法、句法、邏輯上是否有問題。（4）逐行修改，先易后難。（5）復讀全文，驗證答案。（6）要注意答題是否合乎規范。短文改錯小結四不改：①標點符號不改。②大小寫不改。③詞序錯誤不改（不是不改，而是按錯詞或少詞來改)。④綱外生詞不改。文中出現帶漢語注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯.短文改錯專項練習RowenaandBillyWrangleraremodelhighschoolstudents.Theystudyhard.Theydoextremewellonachievementtests.Andnextyear,RowenawillattendingHarvardUniversity.Billy,heryoungerbrother,hopetogotoCornell.ThatmakesRowenaandBillydifferentfrommoststudentsisthattheydon’tgotoschool.Infact,they'veneverbeentoschool.Sinceakindergarten,theyhavestudiedathome.NeitherRowenaorBillyfe