2022—2023學年高三年級第三次聯考英語考生注意：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWetakethekidsouteveryonceinawhile,buttheygetboredifwechooseplaceslikerestaurantsorshoppingmalls.HerearesomeofthebestplacesforkidsinHyderabad.SnowWorldIfyouandyourkidslovesnow,thenSnowWorld,whichyoucanvisitbetween11:00amand8:00pm,iswhereyouneedtobe.Thebestthingisthatyoucanevenenjoythesnowduringsummers;youcanmakeasnowman,havesnowfightswithyourkids,ridetheicecarsordosomefuniceskating.Andwhenyougethungry,youcangrababiteofsometastyfoodintheicehotel.TheJumpZoneWhosaysyourkidscannothavefunwhentheweathergetswarminHyderabad?DrivetotheJumpZone,whichallowskidsaged5~12toplayandremainsopenfrom11:00amto9:30pm,andenjoyitsvastindoorplayarea,wherethereareslides,dancefloors,toystorideon,andjumpingcastles.RamojiFilmCityRamojiFilmCity,whichremainsopenfrom9:00amto8:00pm,haseverythingyouneedforfunandentertainmentinoneplace.Yourkidswillbeamazedbythebeautifulgardens,amazingsetsformovies,andstrangestreets.Theycanalsoenjoyexcitingridesandgamesthere.NehruZoologicalParkNehruZoologicalPark,whichremainsopenfrom8:30amto5:00pm,isagreatplacetoletyourkidsspendqualitytimewithdifferentanimals.Inthisvastparkyoucanseeover100speciesofanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat.Otherfunactivitiesincludeelephantrides,trainrides,andtheDinosaurPark.Italsohasanexcellentfoodcourtwhereyoucansitandenjoytastyfoodanddrinks.1.Whichplacehasthelongestopeninghours?A.SnowWorld. B.TheJumpZone.C.RamojiFilmCity. D.NehruZoologicalPark.2.WhatdoesthetextsayabouttheJumpZone?AItdoesn’twelekidsofallages.B.Itisespeciallycrowdedonwarmdays.C.Itdoesn’thaveenoughroomforsliding.D.Itattractskidswholoveplayingoutdoors.3.WhatdoSnowWorldandNehruZoologicalParkhaveinmon?A.Theybothoffertrainingsessions.B.Theybothprovideaplacefordining.C.Theybotharesuitableforextremesports.D.Theybothofferachancetoseewildspecies.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了海得拉巴一些最適合孩子們的地方。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據SnowWorld中的“Ifyouandyourkidslovesnow,thenSnowWorld,whichyoucanvisitbetween11:00amand8:00pm,iswhereyouneedtobe.(如果你和你的孩子喜歡雪，那么你可以在上午11點到晚上8點之間參觀雪世界，這是你需要去的地方。)”、TheJumpZone中的“DrivetotheJumpZone,whichallowskidsaged5~12toplayandremainsopenfrom11:00amto9:30pm,(開車到蹦客地帶，允許5~12歲的孩子玩耍，開放時間為上午11點至晚上9點30分，)”、RamojiFilmCity中的“RamojiFilmCity,whichremainsopenfrom9:00amto8:00pm,haseverythingyouneedforfunandentertainmentinoneplace.(拉莫吉電影城的開放時間是早上9點到晚上8點，在一個地方有你需要的一切樂趣和娛樂。)”和NehruZoologicalPark中的“NehruZoologicalPark,whichremainsopenfrom8:30amto5:00pm,isagreatplacetoletyourkidsspendqualitytimewithdifferentanimals.(尼赫魯動物園的開放時間為上午8點30分至下午5點，是讓你的孩子與不同的動物共度美好時光的好地方。)”可知，拉莫吉電影城營業時間最長。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據TheJumpZone中的“DrivetotheJumpZone,whichallowskidsaged5~12toplayandremainsopenfrom11:00amto9:30pm,andenjoyitsvastindoorplayarea,wherethereareslides,dancefloors,toystorideon,andjumpingcastles.(開車到蹦客地帶，允許5~12歲的孩子玩耍，開放時間為上午11點至晚上9點30分，享受廣闊的室內游樂區，那里有滑梯、舞池、玩具和跳躍城堡。)”可知，TheJumpZone不歡迎所有年齡段的孩子，只允許5~12歲的孩子玩耍。故選A。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據SnowWorld中的“Andwhenyougethungry,youcangrababiteofsometastyfoodintheicehotel.(當你餓的時候，你可以在冰旅館里吃點美味的食物。)”和NehruZoologicalPark中的“Italsohasanexcellentfoodcourtwhereyoucansitandenjoytastyfoodanddrinks.(它還有一個很棒的美食廣場，你可以坐在那里享受美味的食物和飲料。)”可知，冰雪大世界和尼赫魯動物園共同之處在于它們都提供一個吃飯的地方。故選B。BPennStationShoeRepairandShoeShineisasmallshoeshiningbusinessinNewYorkCity.Onarecentweekday,customerssatdownattheshoeshinebusinessandpulledoutnewspapersandphonestoreadwhiletheirshoesgotshined.Theshoeshinerscleanedthefootwearandaddedanoilysubstancetoprotecttheshoes’leathermaterial.Whenitwasfinished,thecustomerspaideightdollarsforthework.ShoeshininghasalonghistoryintheUnitedStates,datingbackhundredsofyears.Buttoday,duetotheCOVID19pandemic,morepeopleworkfromhomethaninthepast.Andithasbeepopulartowearmorecasualworkclothes.Thosemeanfewercustomersforshoeshiningbusinesses.RoryHeenanisa38yearoldaccountantfromPhiladelphia.HesaidasayoungboyhewouldtakethetrainwithhisfathertohisofficeoneFridayeachmonthandwatchhimgetashoeshine.“AndhereIam,youknow,30yearslater,doingthesamething.So,it’scertainlysomethingthat’spasseddownovertime,”hesaid.AtDavidMesquita’sLeatherSpa,whichoperatesfiveshoerepairandshinebusinessesinthearea,therepairsarethemajorpartofitssales.Butshoeshinesarestillanimportantofferingtobringpeopleinasmostshoerepairbusinessesdon’thavetheservice.Beforethepandemic,LeatherSpahadfourshoeshinechairsatitsbusinessinsideNewYork’sGrandCentralTerminal.Itemployedsixshoeshiners.Together,theywouldpleteabout120shinesaday.Now,thereareonlythreeshoeshinerswhodo40or50shinesadayatmost.“Trafficisslowlyingbackin,thoughwe’restillnotback100percentofwhatwewere,”Mesquitasaid,addingthatshoeshiningisn’tsomethingthatwilleverfullygoaway.“Peopleliketotreatthemselves,”hesaid,“whetherit’sonceaweekortwiceaweekoronceeverytwoweeks.It’sjustnice.”4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thedarkfutureoftheshoeshiningbusiness.B.Reasonsforthechangeofpeople’slifestyle.C.Theriseandfalloftheshoeshiningbusiness.D.Causesofthedeclineoftheshoeshiningbusiness.5.WhatdidlittleRoryHeenandoregularly?A.Heshinedhisfather’sshoespersonally.B.Heacpaniedhisfathertowork.C.Herecordedhisshininghisfather’sshoes.D.Hegreetedhisfatheratthetrainstation.6.Accordingtothetext,LeatherSpa’sshoeshiningservice.A.meansagreatdealtoitsoverallbusinessB.canbeenjoyedinmostshoerepairbusinessesC.ismoreprofitablethanitsshoerepairbusinessD.doesexpandgraduallyduringthepandemic7.What’sMesquita’sattitudetowardsthefutureofshoeshining?A.Mixed. B.Hopeless. C.Optimistic. D.Worried.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在美國擦鞋擁有悠久的歷史，由于疫情原因，擦鞋業也受到了影響。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第二段內容“ShoeshininghasalonghistoryintheUnitedStates,datingbackhundredsofyears.Buttoday,duetotheCOVID19pandemic,morepeopleworkfromhomethaninthepast.Andithasbeepopulartowearmorecasualworkclothes.Thosemeanfewercustomersforshoeshiningbusinesses.(擦鞋在美國有著悠久的歷史，可以追溯到幾百年前。但如今，由于COVID19疫情，比過去更多的人在家工作。穿休閑裝也變得越來越流行。這意味著擦鞋業務的客戶減少了。)”可知，雖然擦鞋業在美國有著悠久的歷史，但如今因為疫情，擦鞋的客戶減少了。由此推斷，本段主要講述了擦鞋業如今衰落的原因。故選D。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“RoryHeenanisa38yearoldaccountantfromPhiladelphia.HesaidasayoungboyhewouldtakethetrainwithhisfathertohisofficeoneFridayeachmonthandwatchhimgetashoeshine.(RoryHeenan是一名來自費城的38歲會計師。他說，當他還是個小男孩的時候，每個月的一個星期五，他都會和父親一起乘火車去他的辦公室，看著他擦鞋。)”可知，RoryHeenan經常陪他爸爸一起去工作。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“AtDavidMesquita’sLeatherSpa,whichoperatesfiveshoerepairandshinebusinessesinthearea,therepairsarethemajorpartofitssales.Butshoeshinesarestillanimportantofferingtobringpeopleinasmostshoerepairbusinessesdon’thavetheservice.(DavidMesquita的LeatherSpa在該地區經營著五家修鞋和擦鞋業務，修鞋是其銷售的主要部分。但擦鞋仍然是吸引顧客的一項重要服務，因為大多數鞋店都沒有這項服務。)”可知，擦鞋業務是LeatherSpa業務中非常重要的服務，所以擦鞋業務對其整體業務意義重大。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段““Trafficisslowlyingbackin,thoughwe’restillnotback100percentofwhatwewere,”Mesquitasaid,addingthatshoeshiningisn’tsomethingthatwilleverfullygoaway.“Peopleliketotreatthemselves,”hesaid,“whetherit’sonceaweekortwiceaweekoronceeverytwoweeks.It’sjustnice.”(Mesquita說：“客流量正在慢慢恢復，盡管我們還沒有恢復到以前的100%。”他補充說，擦鞋工作永遠不會完全消失。“人們喜歡犒勞自己，”他說，“無論是一周一次、一周兩次還是每兩周一次。都是不錯的。”)”可知，Mesquita對擦鞋業的未來還是抱有樂觀的態度。故選C。CThere’snothingquitelikecookingovermygasstovewithbeautifulblueflame,soquicklyadjustedandsosuitedtoitspurposethatwhenthingsrunsmoothlyinlife,wesayweare“cookingwithgas”.Butinrecentyearsenvironmentalistshavebeenwarningthatgasstovesarebadfortheclimateandnotsogreatforourhealth,either.Newstudiespublishedthisyearhaveheightenedhealthworriesaboutpoisonousfumes(煙氣)inourkitchens.Istheevidencesufficienttoshiftourcookinghabits?Thebigsurpriseinonenewstudy,conductedbyenvironmentalscientistsatStanfordUniversity,istheamountofunburnedgasthatleaksintokitchenswhenastoveisoff.Theyfoundthatmorethanthreequartersofmethane(甲烷)thatescapesfromastovedoessowhenitisnotinuse,mostlikelythroughimperfectpipefittings.Second,therearethepollutantscreatedbyburningwhenastoveison,mostnotablynitrogenoxides,whichcanupsetthelungs.DrewMichanowicz,aseniorscientistatPSEHealthyEnergy,anonprofitresearchandpolicygroup,said,“Alotofusworkathomenow.Wetakeabout20,000breathsaday,andmystoveislike10feelawayfromme.Whatelseisinnaturalgas?”Michanowiczalsofretsthatasmorepeopleweatherizetheirhomesandclosewindows,theyarereducingairexchange,whichmeansindoorpollutionwillbeworse.Notsurprisingly,theAmericanGasAssociationhascriticizedbothstudies,sayingthelevelsofVOCsfoundintheBostonstudyare“reassuringlylow”.Whatistheaveragehomecooktomakeofallthis.TheymightfollowMichanowicz,whoboughtaninductionburner(電磁爐)anddoesmuchofhiscookingonit.Asforme,I’mmakingsomechanges.I’veswitchedtoanelectrickettleforboilingwater,anddespiteitsannoyingnoise,Inowusetheexhausthood(吸油煙機)overmystovesomethingonlyabout25to40percentofpeoplesaytheydo.Andweatherpermitting,I’llopenawindow.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofherusinggasstoveaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itischallenging. B.Itisconvenient.C.Itisquitetimeconsuming. D.Itisfriendlytotheenvironment.9.Whatleadsmostmethanetoescapefromastoveaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Theinefficientlyburntgas. B.Thepollutantscreatedbyburning.C.Theimproperlyplacedstove. D.Thepoorqualityofthepipefittings.10.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“frets”inparagraph4?A.worries B.promises C.denies D.wonders11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.TheinfluenceofMichanowicz. B.Theimportanceofelectricdevices.C.Thefutureofinductionburners. D.Changesofpeople’scookinghabits.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了近年來的研究發現表明，煤氣灶的使用不僅對氣候有害，對我們的健康也沒有什么好處。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“There’snothingquitelikecookingovermygasstovewithbeautifulblueflame,soquicklyadjustedandsosuitedtoitspurposethatwhenthingsrunsmoothlyinlife,wesayweare“cookingwithgas”.(沒有什么比在我的煤氣爐上用美麗的藍色火焰做飯更美妙的了，它調整得如此之快，如此適合它的目的，以至于當生活中一切順利時，我們說我們在“用煤氣做飯”。)”可判斷，作者認為用煤氣爐做飯是非常便利的。故選B。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Theyfoundthatmorethanthreequartersofmethane(甲烷)thatescapesfromastovedoessowhenitisnotinuse,mostlikelythroughimperfectpipefittings.(他們發現，超過四分之三的甲烷是在爐子不用的時候逸出的，很可能是通過不完美的管道配件逸出的。)”可知，大多甲烷氣體是通過不完美的管道配件逸出的。故選D。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞下一句“thatasmorepeopleweatherizetheirhomesandclosewindows,theyarereducingairexchange,whichmeansindoorpollutionwillbeworse.(隨著越來越多的人對房屋進行防寒改造，關閉窗戶，他們減少了空氣交換，這意味著室內污染會更嚴重。)”可知，劃線單詞后的內容是讓人擔心的問題。選項A“worries(擔憂)”；選項B“promises(承諾)”；選項C“denies(否認)”；選項D“wonders(想知道)”。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章最后一段“Whatistheaveragehomecooktomakeofallthis.TheymightfollowMichanowicz,whoboughtaninductionburner(電磁爐)anddoesmuchofhiscookingonit.Asforme,I’mmakingsomechanges.I’veswitchedtoanelectrickettleforboilingwater,anddespiteitsannoyingnoise,Inowusetheexhausthood(吸油煙機)overmystovesomethingonlyabout25to40percentofpeoplesaytheydo.Andweatherpermitting,I’llopenawindow.(一般的家庭廚師是怎么處理這一切的？他們可能會效仿Michanowicz，他買了一個電磁爐，并在上面做飯。至于我，我正在做一些改變。我已經改用電熱水壺燒水了，盡管它的噪音很煩人，但我現在會在爐子上使用排氣罩——只有大約25%到40%的人說他們這樣做。天氣允許的話，我會打開窗戶。)”可知，最后一段主要講述的是人們烹飪習慣的變化。故選D。DScientistsinSwitzerlandhaveusedlasers(激光)tochangethepathofalightningstrike.TheexperimentwascarriedoutonSantismountaininSwitzerland,neararadioandTVtowerhitbylightningabout100timesayear.Usingaspeciallaser,theresearcherswereabletoguidethelightningstrike.Scientistshavebeentryingtofindawaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningforalongtime.Atpresent,thebestwaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningisbyputtingmetalrods(桿)onthebuildings.Theserodsareconnectedtotheground.Thelightningisattractedtotherods,whichsafelyguidetheelectricityintotheground.Butlightningrodscanonlyprotectasmallarea.Ifabuildingisverylarge,itneedsalotoflightningrods.Butsomebuildingssuchasairportsaresolargethatit’sdifficulttoprotectthewholebuildingusinglightningrods.Anotherideaistouselaserstoguidelightning.Theideaofusinglaserstoguidelightningisn’1new.Scientistshavebeenworkingontheideaforover20years.They’vesuccessfullyguidedlightningwithlasersinsidealaboratory.Butuntil2021,scientistsguidedlightningwithlasersoutside.Usingapowerfullaserthatcanfireabout1,000timesasecond,scientistsinSwitzerlandwereabletoguidelightningboltsfor164feet(50meters).Theheatfromthelasercreatesapathofairthatislessthickthantheairaroundit.Thepathalsohasaspecialcharge.Thelightningcanfollowthispathalmostasifitwerealightningrod.Inthepast,experimentswithlasersthatfiredmoreslowlydidn’twork.Managingtoguidethelightninginanoutdoorenvironmentisaverybigstep.Butdespitetheprogress,thelaserstillisn’tagoodchoicewhenitestoprotectinglargebuildings.12.Tostopabuildingfrombeingstrickenbylightning,itisbestto.A.equipitwithmetalrods B.positionitawayfromairportsC.builditonlowlyingopenground D.keepitawayfromanykindofmetal13.Whatenablesthelasertoguidethelightning?A.Itscolor. B.Itsbrightness. C.Itsspeed. D.Itsconcentration.14.WhatwilltheparagraphfollowingthetextprobablytalkaboutA.Howthelasershouldbeimprovedtoprotectlargebuildings.B.Whenthelaserwillbewidelyusedtoprotectlargebuildings.C.Whyitisunnecessarytousethelasertoprotectlargebuildings.D.Whatpreventsthelaserfrombeingusedtoprotectlargebuildings.15WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.ScientistsFindaNewUseoftheLaserB.ScientistsGuideLightningwiththeLaserC.ANewIdeaHasBeenTestedtoGuideLightningD.ANewWaytoProtectBuildingsHasBeenFound【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了瑞士科學家利用激光改變了雷擊的路徑。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Scientistshavebeentryingtofindawaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningforalongtime.Atpresent,thebestwaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningisbyputtingmetalrods(桿)onthebuildings.(長期以來，科學家們一直在努力尋找一種保護建筑物免受雷擊的方法。目前，保護建筑物免受雷擊的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金屬棒。)”可知，目前保護建筑物免受雷擊的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金屬棒。故選A。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Butuntil2021,scientistsguidedlightningwithlasersoutside.Usingapowerfullaserthatcanfireabout1,000timesasecond,scientistsinSwitzerlandwereabletoguidelightningboltsfor164feet(50meters).(但直到2021年，科學家們都在室外用激光引導閃電。瑞士科學家們利用一種每秒發射約1000次的強大激光，能夠引導164英尺(50米)的閃電。)”可知，激光之所以能夠用來引導閃電是因為激光的速度。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Butdespitetheprogress,thelaserstillisn’tagoodchoicewhenitestoprotectinglargebuildings.(但是，盡管取得了進展，激光在保護大型建筑物方面仍然不是一個好的選擇。)”可推斷，文章接下來會解釋為什么激光不被用于保護大型建筑。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“ScientistsinSwitzerlandhaveusedlasers(激光)tochangethepathofalightningstrike.TheexperimentwascarriedoutonSantismountaininSwitzerland,neararadioandTVtowerhitbylightningabout100timesayear.Usingaspeciallaser,theresearcherswereabletoguidethelightningstrike.(瑞士科學家利用激光改變了雷擊的路徑。這項實驗是在瑞士的桑蒂斯山上進行的，那里靠近一座每年被閃電擊中約100次的廣播電視塔。使用一種特殊的激光，研究人員能夠引導雷擊。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要介紹了瑞士科學家利用激光引導雷擊。所以“ScientistsGuideLightningwiththeLaser(科學家用激光引導閃電)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選B。第二節(共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheImportanceofInventionsTheysaynecessityisthemotherofinvention,butinventiondrivestheeconomy.Thegreatimportanceofinventionisthatitsolvesproblemsandchangestheworld.____16____Anditgoesbeyondculture.Themoderneraisarguablythegreatesttimeinthehistoryoftheworldforinnovation,butnoneofitwouldhavehappenedwithouttheinventionofelectricitysuppliedondemand.Withthatoneadvancement,incamethefastestchangingperiodinhumanhistoryandthegreatestpopulationgrowth,too.____17____Eventhingslikethetoiletandmodernplumbingmadeitpossibletoimprovehygieneandreduceexposuretohumanwaste,whichinturnmadecitiescleanerandmoredesirabletolivein.Themodembathroomalsohelpedreducethespreadofdisease,whichinturnhelpedextendtheaveragelifeexpectancy.____18____Peopleeatbetter,andmoresafely,becauseofinnovationswenowtakeforgrantedliketherefrigerator,theovenandrunningtapwater.Dailylifeatworkhastransformedbecauseheavyliftingjobscanbedonebyforklifts.Infact,technologyisreachinganewheight.____19____Morepeoplethaneverbeforeneedtositforwork,withofficejobsandthelikechangingourfitnesslevelandloweringtheriskofinjuryduringaworkday.Evenentertainmenthaschangedbecausenolongerdopeoplehavetomaketheirownfunbyplayinggames.____20____Howpeoplemunicate,work,eat,travel,shopit’sallsubjecttoinnovationandinvention.Advancesdon’talwaysimprovelife,though,asmanypeoplearelearningthroughtheconstantaccessstrugglesofsmartphonesandeverpresentnoisepollutionincities.A.Innovationshapesthewaylifeislived.B.Theycanturntotheirphone,TVorradio.C.Factoriesareusingrobotsformanytasksnow.D.Theyhaveaffectedthewayweconsumemedia.E.Inventionsinfluenceallaspectsofmodernexistence.F.Newtechnologiesoftensimplifytheaverageperson’slife.G.AndthathasledtotheEarth’spopulationrisingsharplyinthelast150years.【答案】16.A17.E18.G19.C20.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了發明的重要性，作者認為雖說需求是發明之母，但發明才是經濟的動力。【16題詳解】根據空前內容“Thegreatimportanceofinventionisthatitsolvesproblemsandchangestheworld.(發明的重要之處在于它能解決問題并改變世界。)”以及空后內容“Anditgoesbeyondculture.(它超越了文化。)”可知，空前空后講述的是發明的重要性。選項A“Innovationshapesthewaylifeislived.(創新塑造了人們的生活方式。)”符合上下文內容，講述的也是發明即創新給人們的生活帶來的變化。故選A。【17題詳解】根據空后內容“Eventhingslikethetoiletandmodernplumbingmadeitpossibletoimprovehygieneandreduceexposuretohumanwaste,whichinturnmadecitiescleanerandmoredesirabletolivein.(甚至像廁所和現代管道這樣的東西也使改善衛生和減少接觸人類排泄物成為可能，這反過來又使城市更清潔，更適合居住。)”可知，下文主要講述的是發明影響了我們的生活各個方面。選項E“Inventionsinfluenceallaspectsofmodernexistence.(發明影響現代生活的方方面面。)”與下文內容相一致，是下文內容的綜述。故選E。【18題詳解】根據空前內容“Themodembathroomalsohelpedreducethespreadofdisease,whichinturnhelpedextendtheaveragelifeexpectancy.(現代浴室還有助于減少疾病的傳播，這反過來又有助于延長平均壽命。)”可知，現代發明有助于延長人類的平均壽命，所以上文指的是發明與人類生命的關系。選項G“AndthathasledtotheEarth’spopulationrisingsharplyinthelast150years.(這導致了地球人口在過去150年里急劇增長。)”延續上文內容，正是由于人類壽命的延長，才導致了地球人口的劇增。故選G。【19題詳解】根據空前內容“Dailylifeatworkhastransformedbecauseheavyliftingjobscanbedonebyforklifts.Infact,technologyisreachinganewheight(由于重的起重工作可以用叉車來完成，日常工作生活已經發生了變化。事實上，科技正達到一個新的高度。)”可知，上文講述的是發明對工作的影響。選項C“Factoriesareusingrobotsformanytasksnow.(工廠現在使用機器人做很多工作。)”延續上文內容，同時與下文“Morepeoplethaneverbeforeneedtositforwork,withofficejobsandthelikechangingourfitnesslevelandloweringtheriskofinjuryduringaworkday.(與以往相比，越來越多的人需要坐著工作，辦公室工作和類似的工作改變了我們的健康水平，降低了工作日受傷的風險。)”內容保持一致，正因為工廠有機器人做很多工作，所以越來越多的人可以在辦公室工作。故選C。【20題詳解】根據空前內容“Evenentertainmenthaschangedbecausenolongerdopeoplehavetomaketheirownfunbyplayinggames.(甚至娛樂也發生了變化，因為人們不再需要通過玩游戲來獲得樂趣。)”可知，上文提到的是人們不再需要只通過游戲來獲得樂趣。選項B“Theycanturntotheirphone,TVorradio.(他們可以打開、電視或收音機。)”延續上文內容，指的是人們不再只需要通過玩游戲來獲得樂趣，因為人們還可以玩，看電視，聽收音機等等。故選B。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenIwastwenty,IhadadognamedTrixie.Shelovedmedearlybut____21____anyoneelse.Oneafternoon,Iwassittingonmyporch(走廊)readingabookwithTrixiebymysidewhenmycolleagueJasonwalkedby.Hestoppedandasked,“MayIein.”Ihadno____22____inhim,andIwantedtofinishmybook,solsaid,“Solongasyoucangetpastmydog.”Iwasquite____23____thatthiswasn’tgoingtohappen,soI____24____reading.Heopenedthegate,walkedinandclosedit.Trixieremainedstrangely____25____.Jasonwalkedconfidentlytowardme.Trixiegotupand____26____Jasonandlickedhishand.Itseemedasiftheywerefriendsforalongtime.Heasked,“MayIsitdown?”Inshockedsilence,I____27____.Hesaid,“Thisisaverynicedog,”lookingather____28____.Trixiesatwithustheentiretimestaringathim,tailwagging.Twoyearslater,JasonandIgotmarried.Hetoldmethatourstory____29____adogandacookie.Seeingthe______30______onmyface,hetoldmethis:He’dknownfrommybrotherthatifhecouldmakefriendswithmydog,thenhemighthavea______31______tomarryme.So,everyday,withoutmy______32______,he’dwalkbyourfence.WhenTrixiebarkedtoscarehimaway,he’d______33______heracookie.Thislastedforaboutsixmonthsuntilthedayheaskedifhecouldeinandsitontheporchwithme.Ofcourse,she______34______himinbecause,althoughIwasherfirstlove,______35______washersecond!We’vebeenmarriedforthirtysixyears.Thankyou,Trixie!21.A.misled B.distrusted C.misunderstood D.disappointed22.A.belief B.experience C.doubt D.interest23.A.aware B.nervous C.sorry D.afraid24.A.finished B.avoided C.continued D.postponed25.A.modest B.still C.energetic D.optimistic26.A.stopped B.protected C.forted D.approached27.A.admitted B.nodded C.refused D.apologized28.A.lovingly B.jokingly C.patiently D.regretfully29.A.calledfor B.leftout C.startedwith D.focusedon30.A.confusion B.anger C.concern D.embarrassment31.A.plan B.duty C.right D.chance32.A.warning B.knowledge C.remendation D.direction33.A.make B.lend C.throw D.owe34.A.allowed B.urged C.forced D.took35.A.praise B.pleasure C.food D.friendship【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一只信任主人的狗Trixie，Jason想追求其主人，每天扔餅干給Trixie，獲得她信任，最終通過這種方式和主人相識、相戀并結婚的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她深愛著我，但不信任任何人。A.misled誤導；B.distrusted不信任；C.misunderstood誤解；D.disappointed失望。根據上文“Shelovedmedearly”和轉折詞but可知，Trixie除了主人不信任任何人。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對他不感興趣，我想讀完我的書，所以我說：“只要你能越過我的狗。”A.belief信念；B.experience經驗；C.doubt懷疑；D.interest興趣。根據下文“andIwantedtofinishmybook”可知，作者對同事Jason不感興趣。故選D。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很清楚這是不可能發生的，所以我繼續讀下去。A.aware知道的；B.nervous緊張的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.afraid害怕的。根據下文“thiswasn’tgoingtohappen”可知，作者知道同事不可能越過自己的狗。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很清楚這是不可能發生的，所以我繼續讀下去。A.finished完成；B.avoided避免；C.continued繼續；D.postponed推遲。根據上文“Iwasquite____3____thatthiswasn’tgoingtohappen,”可知，作者自認為同事不可能越過自己的狗，所以繼續讀書。故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Trixie奇怪地一動不動。A.modest謙虛的；B.still靜止的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.optimistic樂觀的。根據下文“Jasonwalkedconfidentlytowardme.”（Jason自信地向我走來）可知，見到同事Jason，Trixie奇怪地一動不動。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Trixie站起來，走近Jason，舔了舔他的手。A.stopped停止；B.protected保護；C.forted安慰；D.approached靠近。根據下文“andlickedhishand.”可知，Trixie走近同事Jason并舔了舔他的手。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我怔住了，點了點頭。A.admitted承認；B.nodded點頭；C.refused拒絕；D.apologized道歉。根據上文“Heasked,“MayIsitdown?””可知，作者點頭同意同事坐下。故選B。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“這是一只很好的狗，”深情地看著她。A.lovingly鐘情地；B.jokingly開玩笑地；C.patiently耐心地；D.regretfully遺憾地。根據上文““Thisisaverynicedog,”lookingather”及下文可知，同事Jason深情地看著Trixie。故選A。【29題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我，我們的故事是從一只狗和一塊餅干開始的。A.calledfor需求；B.leftout遺漏；C.startedwith以……開始；D.focusedon集中在。根據下文“adogandacookie”及下文可知，同事Jason和作者的故事是從一只狗和一塊餅干開始的。故選C。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到我臉上的困惑，他告訴我：他從我哥哥那里知道，如果他能和我的狗交朋友，那么他可能有機會娶我。A.confusion困惑；B.anger憤怒；C.concern關心；D.embarrassment尷尬。根據上文“Hetoldmethatourstory____9____adogandacookie.”可知，作者對兩人的之間的故事感到困惑。故選A。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到我臉上的困惑，他告訴我：他從我哥哥那里知道，如果他能和我的狗交朋友，那么他可能有機會娶我。A.plan計劃；B.duty責任；C.right權利；D.chance機會。根據上文“ifhecouldmakefriendswithmydog,”可知，作者哥哥告訴Jason，如果能搞定作者的狗，就有機會娶作者。故選D。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，每天，在我不知情的情況下，他都會經過我們的籬笆。A.warning警告；B.knowledge知識；了解；C.remendation推薦；D.direction方向。根據下文“he’dwalkbyourfence.”可知，Jason每天在作者不了解的情況下會來到作者家附近。故選B。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當Trixie吠叫把他嚇跑時，他就扔給她一塊餅干。A.make制造；B.lend借走；C.throw扔；D.owe欠。根據上文“WhenTrixiebarkedtoscarehimaway,”可知，Trixie吠叫，Jason就扔給她一塊餅干。故選C。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，她讓他進來了，因為雖然我是她的首愛，但食物是她的第二愛!A.allowed允許；B.urged敦促；C.forced強迫；D.took帶走。根據上文“WhenTrixiebarkedtoscarehimaway,he’d_____13_____heracookie.”可知，因為經常喂Trixie餅干，所以她讓他進來。故選A。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，她讓他進來了，因為雖然我是她首愛，但食物是她的第二愛!A.praise贊揚；B.pleasure愉快；C.food食物；D.friendship友誼。根據上文“althoughIwasherfirstlove,”可知，食物是Trixie的第二愛。故選C。第二節(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式,并將答案填寫在答題卡上。About385,000peoplefrom192countriestakepartintheyearlyprojecttocountbirds.Theevent____36____(launch)forthefirsttime25yearsago.SteveandJanetKistlerfromtheAmericanstateofKentuckyareamongthose____37____(involve)themselvesinit.They’vedonesoeveryyear____38____thenowinternationaltraditionstartedin1998.ForMoiraDalibor,___39___schoolteacherfromnearbyLexington,thisisherfirstevent.She’sleadingagroupofstudentsandparentstoagarden____40____(collect)data.BeccaRodomskyBish,____41____worksattheCornellLabofOrnithologyinNewYork,istheproject’sleader.TheLaborganizestheGreatBackyardBirdCount(GBBC)alongwiththeNationalAudubonSocietyandBirdsCanada.“Everyyearweseeincreasedparticipation,and2022wasabigjump,”Beccasaid.InIndia,whichhadthe____42____(high)participationoutsidetheUSlastyear,tensofthousandsofpeoplesubmittedbirdchecklists.TheworldwidedatagoesintotheeBirddatabaseusedbyscientistsfor