北京市西城區(qū)2021年九年級上學期《英語》期末試卷與參考答案一、單項填空從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Mr.Leelikesreadingand________favoritebookisTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.A.her B.his C.their D.your【答案】B【詳解】句意：李先生喜歡讀書，他最喜歡的書是《湯姆?索亞歷險記》。考查物主代詞。her她的；his他的；their他們的；your你（們）的。根據(jù)并列句子主語Mr.Lee提示，此處指的是“他最喜歡的書”，故應用形容詞性物主代詞his，故選B。2.—Sam,whatdoyouoftendo________thescienceclub?—Wedomanyinterestingexperiments.A.of B.in C.to D.on【答案】B【詳解】——山姆，你經(jīng)常在科學俱樂部做什么?——我們做了許多有趣的實驗。考查介詞辨析。of……的；in在……里；to去，向，往；on在……之上。結(jié)合句意及thescienceclub可知，這里是指在科學俱樂部里，故選B。3.Hurryup,________wewillmissthegame.A.and B.but C.or D.so【答案】C【詳解】句意：快點，否則我們就會錯過游戲。考查連詞。and和；but但是；or否則；so所以；此處是結(jié)構(gòu)“祈使句，and/or+簡單句”，根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“否則”，應用or連接，故選C。4.—Mom,mustIcleanmyroomnow?—No,you________.Youcandoitafterdinner.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t【答案】A【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我現(xiàn)在必須打掃房間嗎？——不，不需要。你可以在晚飯后做。考查情態(tài)動詞。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不應該；can’t不能。根據(jù)英語語法，對于must開頭一般疑問句，若要作否定回答，可用needn’t，不用mustn’t。故選A。5.—________doyouvisityourgrandparents?—Onceaweek.Weusuallyhaveabigdinnertogether.A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howoften D.Howmuch【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你多久去看一次你的祖父母？——一周一次。我們通常一起吃一頓豐盛的晚餐。考查特殊疑問句。Howlong多長時間，問一段時間；Howfar多遠，提問兩地之間的距離；Howoften多久一次，提問頻率；Howmuch多少，對不可數(shù)名詞的量提問。根據(jù)答句“Onceaweek”可知，此處問的是頻率，故選C。6.The________youclimb,themoreyoucansee.A.high B.higher C.highest D.higherthan【答案】B【詳解】句意：爬得越高，你能看到的東西就越多。考查固定句型。high高的，副詞原級；higher更高的，副詞比較級；highest最高的，副詞最高級；higherthan比……高。“The+比較級，the+比較級”為固定句型，意為“越……越……”，故此處應用副詞比較級形式，故選B。7.Betty’sfamily________toNewYorkifherfathergetsajobthere.A.moves B.willmove C.moved D.hasmoved【答案】B【詳解】句意：如果Betty的爸爸在紐約找到一份工作，他們一家會搬到那里。考查時態(tài)。move移動；根據(jù)“…ifherfathergetsajobthere”可知句子是if引導的條件狀語從句，此時遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”，主句用一般將來時，結(jié)構(gòu)是：will+動詞原形，即willmove。故選B。8.—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieBlackBeauty?—Fantastic.I________ittwice.A.watch B.waswatching C.amwatching D.havewatched【答案】D【詳解】——你覺得電影《黑美人》怎么樣?——太棒了。我看了兩遍。考查現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)句中twice可知，此處表示已經(jīng)看過這部電影兩次，應用現(xiàn)在完成時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為have/has+動詞過去分詞，主語為I，助動詞用have，動詞watch的過去分詞為watched，故選D。9.Amyisavolunteerandshe________withthewastesortingatschooleveryFriday.A.helps B.helped C.willhelp D.ishelping【答案】A【詳解】句意：Amy是一名志愿者，她每周五在學校幫忙垃圾分類。根據(jù)everyFriday可知，此處描述經(jīng)常性動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是she，動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選A。10.—Peter,pleasebequiet.Yourbrother________onthephone.—Noproblem.A.records B.recorded C.wasrecording D.isrecording【答案】D【詳解】句意：——彼得，請安靜。你哥哥正在手機上錄音。——沒問題。考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Peter,pleasebequiet.”可知，現(xiàn)在要保持安靜，此處表示你哥哥現(xiàn)在正在錄音，因此用現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+doing結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。11.Amonkeyescapedfromthezoolastmonth.Butseveraldayslater,it________.A.catches B.caught C.iscaught D.wascaught【答案】D【詳解】句意：上個月一只猴子從動物園里逃跑了。但是幾天后，它被抓住了。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)“l(fā)astmonth”可知，此處用一般過去時，結(jié)合句意，它被抓住了，因此用被動語態(tài)was/were+done結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。12.Afriendissomeone________youknowwellandlikespendingtimewith.A.who B.where C.which D.when【答案】A【詳解】句意：朋友就是你很了解并且喜歡花時間在一起的人。考查定語從句。分析“Afriendissomeone…youknowwellandlikespendingtimewith.”可知，本句是定語從句，先行詞是人，引導詞在從句中作賓語，故選A。二、完形填空閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。GraduationCeremony(畢業(yè)典禮)CindyandDanielwerewaitingfortheirturntogoacrossthestage(舞臺).No,itwasn’tthetalentshow.Itwasforgraduation!Theywerebothsonervous,anditwashardtothinkaboutanythingexceptthehugestage.Daniellookedathis___13___andgaveheranervoussmile.Sheheldhishandtightlyforcomfort.Inbothoftheirminds,they___14___theirturnwalkingacrossthestage,andtheywerebothunknowinglythinkingaboutthesamething:I’mgoingtotripandfallonthestageandeveryonewilllaughatme.Cindy___15___hissmilewithherownunevengrin(笑容).Herhandswereshaking.Atleastshedidn’thavetogiveaspeechlikeSandra—thatwouldhavemadeithorrible.Daniel’sfeetmovedupanddownnervouslyasthestudentswerecalledoneatatimetocomeup.Nameswerecalledandsomespecial___16___werepresentedtothebeststudentsinartmusic,PE,dance,mathandscience.Classbyclass,rowbyrow,itwasgetting___17___totheirturn.Itwasjustminutesaway,buttimewentbysoquickly.Oh,no!Itwastheirturnnow.Fearingitlikeadentist’svisit,theybothstoodupwiththeirclass.Theyhadtowaitinlinealongthewall.Then,oneatatime,theprincipal(校長)calledtheirnames.“CindyMarieGodfrey,winnerofaprincipal’sprizeforgreatbehaviorandgrades!”Theaudiencecheered.Daniel___18___hisfriendstepacrossthestage,stoptoshakehands,getpicturesdone,andthenexitontheoppositeside.“DanielAdamRichmond,winnerofaperfectattendanceprize.”Danielsteppedout___19___,hearinghisshoessoundloudlyonthewoodenstage.Hetookabreath,andwalkedacrossthestage.Theprincipalshookhishand,smiled,andthenhewasdone.Momentslater,he___20___hisfriendoffstageandtheytookacollectivebreathofrelief(輕松)together.Itwasoverandtheyhadgraduated.Thelittlepieceofpaperprovedit,andneitherofthemhadfallendown!13.A.friend B.teacher C.sister D.mother14.A.missed B.liked C.imagined D.changed15.A.covered B.returned C.compared D.mixed16.A.reports B.prizes C.subjects D.programs17.A.slower B.faster C.farther D.closer18.A.watched B.heard C.helped D.made19.A.noisily B.secretly C.carefully D.strangely20.A.refused B.remembered C.recognized D.rejoined【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.B17.D18.A19.C20.D【13題詳解】句意：丹尼爾看著他的朋友，緊張地笑了笑。friend朋友；teacher老師；sister妹妹；mother媽媽。根據(jù)上文中“CindyandDanielwerewaitingfortheirturntogoacrossthestage.Itwasforgraduation!”和最后一段中“hisfriend”可知，辛迪和丹尼爾在參加畢業(yè)典禮，辛迪是丹尼爾的朋友。故選A。【14題詳解】句意：在他們的腦海里，他們想象著自己走過舞臺，他們都在不知不覺地想著同一件事：我要是摔倒在舞臺上，每個人都會嘲笑我。missed錯過；liked喜歡；imagined想象；changed改變。根據(jù)“Inbothoftheirminds”可知，此處是描述他們腦海里想象的事情。故選C。【15題詳解】句意：辛迪用她自己扭曲的笑容回應了他的微笑。covered包含；returned回應；compared比較；mixed混合。根據(jù)上文中“Daniellookedathisfriendandgaveheranervoussmile.”可知，丹尼爾對著辛迪微笑，所以辛迪笑著回應丹尼爾。故選B。【16題詳解】句意：在藝術、音樂、體育、舞蹈、數(shù)學和科學方面表現(xiàn)最好的學生被點名，一些特別的獎品被頒發(fā)給他們。reports報告；prizes獎品；subjects科目；programs程序。根據(jù)presented可知，此處是獎品被頒發(fā)給表現(xiàn)最好的學生們。故選B。【17題詳解】句意：一個班接一個班，一行接一行，輪到他們的時候越來越近了。slower更慢的；faster更快的；farther更遠的；closer更近的。根據(jù)“Classbyclass,rowbyrow”可知，學生們按照順序依次上臺領獎，所以離他們上臺的時候也越來越近。故選D。【18題詳解】句意：丹尼爾看著他的朋友跨過舞臺，停下來握手，拍完照片，然后從另一邊走出來。watched看，注視；heard聽到；helped幫助；made制作。根據(jù)“stepacrossthestage,stoptoshakehands,getpicturesdone,andthenexitontheoppositeside”可知，此處是描述丹尼爾看到朋友上臺領獎的整個過程。故選A。【19題詳解】句意：丹尼爾小心翼翼地走了出來，聽到他的鞋子在木制舞臺上發(fā)出很大的聲音。noisily吵鬧地；secretly秘密地；carefully小心地；strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)“hearinghisshoessoundloudlyonthewoodenstage”可知，能聽到丹尼爾的鞋子在木制舞臺上發(fā)出很大的聲音，說明他是小心翼翼地走了出來。故選C。【20題詳解】句意：片刻之后，他和他朋友在后臺重新到了一起，他們一起松了一口氣。refused拒絕；remembered記得；recognized認識；rejoined和……重新在一起。根據(jù)offstage可知，他們在領獎下臺以后重新到了一起。故選D。三、閱讀下列短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。AParis4-DayTripbyEurostarfromLondonIfyou’venevervisitedParisbefore,joinusnow!ReachParisbyEurostar—thehigh-speedtrain.Enjoya4-daytripina3-starhotelwithbreakfastincluded,andseethesightsaroundthecity.Day1Takethepanoramictour(全景之旅)—atourofParisbybuswithfantasticviews.Thetourendsatour3-starcityhotel.Aftercheck-inandsometimeforfood,youwillmeettheguide.Intheevening,youwilltravelbysubwaytoenjoyaboattour.Day2Enjoyahalf-daytriptothePalace&GardensofVersailles(凡爾賽)—￡45.Itisundoubtedlythemostfamouschateau(城堡)inFrance.Thistripisfullyguided.PriceincludescoachortraintoVersailles,tourguideandentrytothePalace.ThewholeeveningisyourstoenjoytheParisnightlife.Day3Onthisdayyou’llhavesomefreetimeforyourownsightseeing.Thehotelissocentrallylocatedthatsightseeingonyourownisveryeasy.Or,youcanjointhehalf-daytriptoclimbtheEiffelTowerandgeta“bird’seyeview”ofthiswonderfulcity.Day4PleasegetreadyforamorningtripbysubwaytotheLouvreMuseumandyourchancetoseetheMonaLisa,Michelangelo’sDyingSlaveandmanyothergreatworks.Afterlunchandsomelast-minuteshopping,ourguidedtourends.Youwillbetakenbybusbacktothestation,forthereturntoLondon.21.WhatcanvisitorsdoonDay1?A.ClimbtheEiffelTower.B.Dosomelast-minuteshopping.C.TakethepanoramictourofParis.D.VisitthePalace&GardensofVersailles.22.HowdovisitorsgototheLouvreMuseum?A.Bybus. B.Bytrain. C.Byboat. D.Bysubway.23.Thispassagecanprobablybefoundina(n).A.sciencebook B.travelwebsiteC.foodmagazine D.adventurenovel【答案】21.C22.D23.B【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Takethepanoramictour(全景之旅)—atourofParisbybuswithfantasticviews.”可知，第一天游客游覽巴黎全景。故選C。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PleasegetreadyforamorningtripbysubwaytotheLouvreMuseum”可知，游客乘坐地鐵去盧浮宮博物館。故選D。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Paris4-DayTripbyEurostarfromLondon”可知，本文介紹了從倫敦乘歐洲之星前往巴黎的4天之旅，因此摘自旅游網(wǎng)站，故選B。BTheDaytheLightsWentOutOnahotandwetsummerday,Nuraandherdadfoundaplacetocooloffatthecitymuseum.Suddenlythelightsblinked(閃爍)offandon.Withafinalpop,thelightswentoutcompletely,leavingtheroomblack.“Dad,what’sgoingon?”Nuracalledoutloudly.“I’mnotsure,butwe’llwaitandseeifthelightscomebackon,”Dadsaidcalmly.Inamoment,amuseumworkerwavedtheflashlight(手電筒)atthemandsaid,“There’sapowercutacrossthecity,sowehavetoclosethemuseum.I’llwalkyoutothegate.”Nuraandherdadstoppedattheirfavoriteshopforicecream.WhenNura’sdadtriedtopay,theshopownerwavedhishand.“Forgetaboutit,”hesaid.“Itwillallbesoupsoon,anyway!”Afteralong,hotwalk,Nuraandherdadarrivedhometofindsomeoftheirneighborsoutsidetheirflats.Everyonesharedicewater,talkingandlaughingtogetherabouttheheat.“Ican’tstanditinmyroom,”Mrs.Fongsaid,fanningherselfwithanewspaper.Anotherneighbornodded.Nurarecognizedhimasthemanwholivedintheflatabovehers.Awomanwholiveddownstairswasstandinginthedoorway.“Ifthepowerdoesn’tcomeonsoon,I’llhavetothrowallthefoodaway.”shesaid.“Ihavesomemeatinthefridge,too,”saidNura’sdad.“Itwouldbenicetousethegrill(燒烤架)tocookbeforeitgoesbad.”“I’llseewhatIhave,”thewomaninthedoorwaysaid.“I’llmakesuretobringenoughforeveryone.”Thatevening,NuralearnedthatthemanfromupstairswasnamedSergey.ThedownstairswomanwasRachel.Astheyfinishedtheirdinner,nightfelloverthecity.ForthefirsttimeinNura’slife,theirstreetbecamecompletelydark.Starsblinkedoverhead.She’dneverseensuchasight.Thenightairwasthickandhot,butNuradidn’tmindanymore.Shehadenjoyedfreeicecream,andshehadsharedadinnerwithherneighbors.Shesmiledtoherselfandcontinuedtowatchthestars.24.Nuraandherdadhadtoleavethecitymuseumbecause.A.NurafelldownandgothurtB.itwastoohotinsidethemuseumC.therewasapowercutacrossthecityD.theirneighborswerewaitingforthem25.WhatdidNuraandherneighborsdothatevening?A.Theysharedadinnertogether. B.Theywenttothecitymuseum.C.Theyatetheirfavoriteicecream. D.Theyreadnewspaperstogether.26.HowdidNuraprobablyfeelatthatnight?A.Sadandlonely. B.Warmandpleased.C.Nervousandsurprised. D.Boredanddisappointed.【答案】24.C25.A26.B【分析】文章大意：本文講述了一個炎熱潮濕夏天的晚上，因為整個城市停電，Nura和爸爸不僅享用了免費的冰淇淋，還和鄰居們共進了晚餐，因此Nura感覺既溫暖又高興。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“There’sapowercutacrossthecity,sowehavetoclosethemuseum.”可知，Nura和她的爸爸不得不離開城市博物館，是因為整個城市都停電了，故選C。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Shehadenjoyedfreeicecream,andshehadsharedadinnerwithherneighbors.”可知，她享用了免費的冰淇淋，還和鄰居們共進晚餐。由此可知，那天晚上Nura和她的鄰居共進晚餐，故選A。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Shesmiledtoherselfandcontinuedtowatchthestars.”她暗自笑了笑，繼續(xù)看星星。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，可推測她感覺是既溫暖又高興，故選B。CAreyoutiredofmakingsomanydecisionseveryday?Peoplemaybefacedwithupto35,000choicesandahugenumberofoptions(可選擇的事物)perday.Whentiredofdecisionmaking,peoplemaydependonfate(命運)—rolladiceorsimplyflipacoin.Shallwemakechoicesatrandom(隨機)?IcametothinkaboutthebenefitsofrandomdecisionmakingwhenwatchingaTVshowlastnight.ItsmaincharacterSheldonusedthedicetorandomlyorderfoodanddrinksinarestaurant.Hedidthistofreeuphismindtoconsidersomemoreimportantproblems.However,hisfriendsquestionthemethod’ssuccess.Indeed,thisrandomrestaurantorderincludingalargedrinkwastoomuchforhim.Sheldonfinallyrealizedthattherandomresultcouldbeimprovedbyreducingoptionstoleaveoutlargedrinks.Thisexamplesuggeststhatrandomdecisionmakingmaynotalwaysworkwellandit’snecessarytoreducetheoptionsbeforerollingadiceinsomesituations.Insomeunimportantdecisionsituations,randomisersmakeiteasiertodecide.Buthowdodiceworkinmoreimportantdecisionsituations?It’shardtoaccepttheideaofcompletelydependingonadice.However,thisdoesn’tmeanthatdiceorcoinscan’tbeofanyhelpatall.LetmeborrowanotherexamplefromSheldon.Hecouldn’tmakeuphismindwhenchoosinganewTVsetfromtwo.HisfriendAmyaskedhimtoflipacoin.Ratherthanblindlyfollowingtheresult,however,shesuggestedcheckinghisemotionalreaction.Didheexperiencehappinessordisappointmentwhenfacedwiththecoin’sresult?Sheldon’sreactioncouldbeusefultofindoutwhichonehetrulypreferred.Recently,scientistsstudiedthisdecisionmethodandfoundthatflippingacoinledpeopletoimaginethetwodifferentresultsmoreclearly,whichresultedinastrongeremotionalreaction,andthentheyrecognisedhiddenpreferencesandmadedecisionsmoreeasily.Arelatedstudyfurtherprovedthatrandomiserssimplifythechoiceprocess.Whenusingdice,peoplewerelesslikelytolookforadditionalbutunnecessaryinformationaboutthedifferentoptions.Thishelpedtospeeduptheirchoices.Takentogether,recentresearchshowssurprisingbenefitsofflippingcoinsandrollingdiceaslongaspeopledon’tlettheresultscontroltheirchoices.Usingthembutkeepingthefreedomtobedifferentfromtheresultscanspeedupthedecisionprocessandhelpsolvedecisionproblems.27.ThefirstexampleofSheldonshowsthatrandomdecisionmaking.A.isalwayseffectiveB.helpsmakeagoodorderC.mayworkbetterwithfeweroptionsD.canoffermoresolutionstoimportantproblems28.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.A.peopleshouldnotrolldiceorflipcoinsinimportantsituationsB.peoplewillmakebetterchoiceswhenexperiencinghappinessC.dicecanspeedupdecisionprocesswithunnecessaryinformationD.reactiontotheresultoftherandomisermayshowone’struepreference29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FollowYourHeartorYourHead?B.ShouldYouLettheDiceDecide?C.ListentoFriends,orRollaDice?D.HowDoYouMakeaWiseDecision?【答案】27.C28.D29.B【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thisexamplesuggeststhatrandomdecisionmakingmaynotalwaysworkwellandit’snecessarytoreducetheoptionsbeforerollingadiceinsomesituations.”可知，第一個關于謝爾頓的例子表明，在選擇較少的情況下，隨機決策可能更有效，故選C。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Recently,scientistsstudiedthisdecisionmethodandfoundthatflippingacoinledpeopletoimaginethetwodifferentresultsmoreclearly,whichresultedinastrongeremotionalreaction,andthentheyrecognisedhiddenpreferencesandmadedecisionsmoreeasily.”可知，作者可能同意隨機者對結(jié)果的反應可以顯示一個人真正的偏好，故選D。【29題詳解】標題歸納題。根據(jù)“Whentiredofdecisionmaking,peoplemaydependonfate(命運)—rolladiceorsimplyflipacoin.”和“Shallwemakechoicesatrandom(隨機)?”可知，本文主要介紹了我們是否應該通過擲骰子來隨機做決定。故選B。DMostofusfeelyoungerorolderthanwereallyare.This“subjectiveage”issimplybasedonthewaywefeelinside.Thenumberofyearsthathavepassedsinceyoufirstenteredtheworldisanunchangeablefactbuteverydayexperiencessuggestthatweoftendon’texperienceageingthesameway.Scientistsfindthat“subjectiveage”isthekeytounderstandingwhysomepeopleappeartobeenergeticastheyage—whileothersdonot.What’smore,variousstudieshaveshownthatyoursubjectiveagecanpredictimportanthealthoutcomes.Insomerealways,youreallyareonlyasoldasyoufeel.Oneinterestingstudyhasdiscoveredthewayoursubjectiveageinteractswithourpersonality.Itisnowwell-acceptedthatpeopletendtobecomelessopentonewexperienceswhileageing.However,suchpersonalitychangesarelesspronouncedinpeoplewithayoungerheartandmorenoticeableinpeoplewitholdersubjectiveage.Moreover,peoplewithyoungersubjectiveagesbecomemorecareful—goodchangesthatcomewithnormalageing,thusmakingfewermistakes.Ontheotherhand,somestudiessuggestthatfeelingbetween8and13yearsolderthanyouractualageresultsinan18-25%greaterriskofdeathanddisease,whilefeelingyoungermeansbetterphysicalhealthandlessofachanceofbeinghospitalized.Buttheconnectionbetweenhealthandsubjectiveagealmostcertainlyactsinbothdirections.Ifyoufeelupsetandphysicallyweak,youarelikelytofeelolder.Theresultcouldbeaviciouscycle(惡性循環(huán)).Inthisway,theeffectofsubjectiveageonhealthiscomparableorstrongerthanthatofactualage.Withtheseinmind,manyscientistsaretryingtodiscoverreasonsthatmayshapethisprocess.Whendowestarttofeelthatourmindsandbodiesareoperatingondifferenttimescales?Andwhydoesithappen?Onestudyfoundthatmostchildrenandteenagersfeelolderthantheyreallyare.Butthischangesataround26,when70%wouldprefertobeyounger.Someresearchersarguethatalowersubjectiveageisaformofself-defense,protectingusfromnegativeagestereotypes(消極的年齡刻板印象)indifferentareasoflife,suchasworkandhealth.Believing“Imaybe65butIonlyfeel50”wouldmeanyouarelessworriedaboutyourperformanceatwork,forexample.Thisthinkinghelpspeopledistancethemselvesfromthesociety’ssadviewofageingandgivesusahopefulviewofthefuture.Withthesefindings,itispossiblethatinthefuture,sciencemightbeabletoreducepeople’ssubjectiveageandimprovetheirhealthasaresult.Inthemeantime,thesefindingscangiveusaclearerviewofthewayourownbrainsandbodiesweatherthepassingoftime.Nomatterhowoldyoureallyare,it’sworthquestioningwhetheranyofthoselimitationsarecomingfromwithin.30.Accordingtothepassage,subjectiveage.A.willnoteasilychangewhenyougetolderB.issimplybasedonhowothersthinkofyouC.referstothenumberofyearsyouhavelivedD.resultsfromyourpersonalexperienceofageing31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Obvious B.Important C.Beneficial D.Limited32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peoplewithhighersubjectiveagearehealthier.B.Morepeoplewillhavehighersubjectiveageafter26.C.Actualagehasastrongereffectonpeople’shealthcondition.D.Alowersubjectiveagemayfreeusfromthesociety’ssadviewofageing.33.Thewriterbelievesthat.A.theagewefeelisimportanttousB.subjectiveageistoogoodtobetrueC.futuresciencewillpreventusfromgettingoldD.therearemanyunknownareashiddeninourbrains【答案】30.D31.A32.D33.A【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“subjectiveage”issimplybasedonthewaywefeelinside.”可知“心理年齡”僅僅是基于我們內(nèi)心的感覺。故選D。【31題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“morenoticeableinpeoplewitholdersubjectiveage.”可知人們隨著年齡的增長，往往對新體驗的態(tài)度不那么開放，心理年齡較大的人在這方面更明顯。與其相比較的是“l(fā)esspronouncedinpeoplewithayoungerheart”可知在心態(tài)年輕的人中，這種情況不那么明顯。由此推斷pronounced和“noticeable”意思相近，意為“明顯的”，故選A。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Believing“Imaybe65butIonlyfeel50”…Thisthinkinghelpspeopledistancethemselvesfromthesociety’ssadviewofageingandgivesusahopefulviewofthefuture.”可知“覺得自己心理年齡比生理年齡小”這種想法幫助人們遠離社會對老齡化悲觀看法，并給我們一個對未來充滿希望的看法。故選D。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nomatterhowoldyoureallyare,it’sworthquestioningwhetheranyofthoselimitationsarecomingfromwithin.”可知不管你實際年齡有多大，我們感覺的年齡對我們很重要，我們應該質(zhì)疑諸多條條框框的限制是否來自自己的內(nèi)心。故選A。四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Oneoftheproblemsharmingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillandpollutingourriversandoceans.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswethrowawayise-waste—electronicitems(物品)thatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethiswasteanewlife.Manymillionsoftonsoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicproductsarethrownawayeachyear,partlybecauseit’scheapertoreplacethemthantofixthem,butalsobecausewedon’thaveenoughskillstorepairthem.AUNreportsays50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear,anditwillbemorethandoubleto110milliontonsby2050.Thatmakesitthefastestgrowingwasteintheworld.However,repaireventsandclubsaregettingpopularnowadays.Thatcouldbepartofasolutiontotheincreasinglyterriblee-wasteproblem.TheBBCvisitedaRestartProjectinLondon,whichisoneofmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneofitsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,saidthat“thepurposeoftheprojectistoreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairthem.”Astherearemanyvaluablemetals(金屬)inelectricalitems,anotherideaise-wastemining(礦).AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvestakingthesematerialsfromelectronicproducts.It’sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemorelikelytomakemoneythantraditionalmining.Withphonestypicallyhavingasmanyas60elements(成分),thiscouldbepartofthesolutiontoourdesirefornewtechnology.Theseprojectsmaketotalsense—collectionsofe-wasteforrecyclingare“decreasing”accordingtoRuedigerKuehr,oftheUnitedNationsUniversity.Andincountrieswithnorelatedlaw,muchofitjustgetsthrownaway.However,ifthegovernmentdecidestobeinvolved,therewillbesomeeffectivemethodstodealwithe-waste.TaketheEuropeanUnionasanexample.Itisnowtryingtosolvetheproblembyinsistingcompanieshavetomakeproductslonger-lastingandwillhavetosupplysparepartsformachinesforupto10years.34.Whatise-waste?35.Howmuche-wasteisproducedeveryyearaccordingtoaUNreport?36.What’sthepurposeoftheRestartProjectinLondon?37.Whatcanpeopletakefromelectronicproductsbye-wastemining?38.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?【答案】34.E-wasteiselectronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.35.50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear.36.Toreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairelectronicitems.37.Valuablemetals.38.Theproblemofe-wasteandthesolutions.【34題詳解】根據(jù)第一段“Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswethrowawayise-waste—electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.”可知，電子垃圾是那些壞了的，不能回收利用的電子物品，故答案為E-wasteiselectronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.【35題詳解】根據(jù)第二段“AUNreportsays50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear”可知，聯(lián)合國的一份報告說，每年產(chǎn)生5000萬噸電子垃圾，故答案為50milliontonsofe-wasteisproducedeveryyear.【36題詳解】根據(jù)第三段“thepurposeoftheprojectistoreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairthem.”可知，這個項目的目的是減少浪費，幫助無力維修的人，故答案為Toreducewaste,andhelppeoplewhocannotaffordtorepairelectronicitems.【37題詳解】根據(jù)第四段“Astherearemanyvaluablemetalsinelectricalitems…AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvestakingthesematerialsfromelectronicproducts.”可知，人們通過電子垃圾開采,從電子產(chǎn)品中提取有價值的金屬，故答案為Valuablemetals.【38題詳解】本