Lesson43OvertheSouthPoleLesson43

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FouroceansintheworldthePacificOceantheIndianOceantheArcticOceanAtheAtlanticOcean

WhatdoyouknowabouttheSouthPolepenguinsWhatdoyouknowabouttheSouNewwordsandexpressionspolen.（地球的）極flightn.飛行explorern.探險(xiǎn)家liev.處于seriousadj.嚴(yán)重的pointn.地點(diǎn)seemv.似乎crashv.墜毀sackn.袋子clearv.越過aircraftn.飛機(jī)endlessadj.無盡的plainn.平原NewwordsandexpressionsFirstlistenandthenanswerthequestion.Firstlistenandthenanswert聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。

Howwastheplaneabletoclearthemountains?TheAmericanexplorerorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsackssotheplaneroseto10000feet.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。TheAmericanexplAskandanswer:1.WhendidthemansuccessfullyflyovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime?2.WhosuccessfullyflewovertheSouthpoleforthefirsttime

?3.Wouldtheplanecrash?4.Howdidtheyclearthemountain?5.WhydidByrdnowknowthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPole?6.Wasthereanydifficulties?Askandanswer:1.WhendidtheReadandjudgeTheAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheNorthPolefirsttime.2.Byrdandhiswereabletobakealotofphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow.Theplanecouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000miles.AfterByrdorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks,theplanewasabletorise.TTFFReadandjudgeTheAmericanexp

In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.In1929,threeyearsafterhiItcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.Itcouldonlygetoverthemoucan“can"isoneofthemostcommonlyusedmodalverbsinEnglish.Itcanbeusedtoexpressabilityoropportunity,torequestorofferpermission,andtoshowpossibilityorimpossibility.Examples:Icanrideahorse.ability

WecanstaywithmybrotherwhenweareinParis.opportunity

Shecannotstayoutafter10PM.permission

Canyouhandmethestapler?

request

Anychildcangrowuptobepresident.possibility

can“can"isoneofthemostcould“could"isusedtoexpresspossibilityorpastabilityaswellastomakesuggestionsandrequests."Could"isalsocommonlyusedinconditionalsentencesastheconditionalformof"can."Examples:Extremeraincouldcausetherivertofloodthecity.possibility

Nancycouldskilikeaprobytheageof11.pastability

Youcouldseeamovieorgoouttodinner.

suggestion

CouldIuseyourcomputertoemailmyboss?request

WecouldgoonthetripifIdidn'thavetoworkthisweekend.conditional

“could"cannotbeusedinpositivesentencesinwhichyoudescribeamomentaryorone-timeability.e.g.Yesterday,Icouldliftthecouchbymyself.NotCorrect

could“could"isusedtoexcan和beableto的區(qū)別can與beableto用法上的區(qū)別

口語中,can與beableto在用法上既有相同的一方面,又有不同的地方,這是應(yīng)該引起注意的。當(dāng)它們表示能力的時(shí)候，是同義的。如：

Hecanspeaktwoforeignlanguages.

Heisabletospeaktwoforeignlanguages.can和beableto的區(qū)別can與beable表示過去通過努力終于做成了某事要用beableto，而不能用can。如：

Iwasabletoswimtothebankaftertheboatturnedover.

can和beableto都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有兩種形式,即:can,could．beableto則主要指具體做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be發(fā)生變化，所以形式比can多．可以說：Icanswim.Iamabletoswim.但是不能說：Allthepeoplecouldescapefromthebigfireintime.只能說：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefromthefireintime.表示過去通過努力終于做成了某事要用beableto，而不can能表猜測，beableto不能。can的這種用法主要用于疑問句和否定句。

Somebodyisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?

Itcan’tbeourteacherwhoisknockingatthedoor.

其肯定形式是mustbe。如:

Itmustbeourteacherwhoisknockingatthedoor.can能表猜測，beableto不能。can的這種用法主SumupthelanguagepointsSumupthelanguagepoints

Phrases1.能做某事:beableto2.飛越:flightover=flyover3.第一次:forthefirsttime4.首先:atfirst5.拍照:takeaphotograph=takeapicture6.大量的:agreatmanyof7.陷入困境:runintotrouble=getintotroublePhrases1.能做某事:beableto8.在某一個(gè)地方:atonepoint9.似乎肯定…:Itseemscertainthat…10.丟棄:throwout11.在視線中:insight8.在某一個(gè)地方:atonepoint美國探險(xiǎn)家R.E.伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于1929年第一次飛越了南極。雖然開始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。只有在飛至10,000英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過這些山頭。伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飛機(jī)可以上升了，它在離山頭400英尺的高度飛越了過去。伯德這時(shí)知道他能夠順利飛抵300英里以外的南極了，因?yàn)榍懊嬖贈(zèng)]有山了。飛機(jī)可以毫無困難地飛過這片茫茫無際的白色原野！美國探險(xiǎn)家R.E.伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于1929年第1.美國探險(xiǎn)家R·E·伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于1929年第1次飛越了南極。（1）這句話包含兩個(gè)同位語。threeyearsafter…為1929的同位語，作插入性的補(bǔ)充說明；R．E．Byrd作theAmericanexplorer的同位語。（2）forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，time在這里表示“次”、“回”，thistime,lasttime,nexttime,anothertime,eachtime,forthelasttime等：我最后一次提醒你，如果你不快點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)趕不上火車的。

Iremindyouforthelasttimethatifyoudon’thurry,you’llmissthetrain.下次你見到他的時(shí)候，把這些照片給他。

Givehimthesephotosnexttimeyouseehim.1.美國探險(xiǎn)家R·E·伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于1929年2.雖然開始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。（1）連詞though引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，其含義為“雖然……”、“盡管……”。這個(gè)從句中的時(shí)間狀語atfirst被單獨(dú)用逗號(hào)隔開了，它如果按正常的詞序應(yīng)放在從句的末尾，但有可能會(huì)引起誤解。（2）atfirst與主句中的soon形成時(shí)間上的照應(yīng)，表示先后次序。（3）takeaphotographof表示“拍……的照片”Hetookaphotographofhishousebeforehelefthome.他離家前給他家的房子拍了一張照片。（4）thatlaybelow為themountains的定語從句，that為從句的主語。（5）runintotrouble的含義與getintotrouble相似，表示“陷入困境”Eachtimeheranintotrouble,heaskedhisparentsforhelp.每當(dāng)他陷入困境時(shí)，他都向他父母求助。2.雖然開始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大3.在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。（1）atonepoint在此處可以解釋為“在有個(gè)地方”，但它通常的含義為“在某一時(shí)刻”，poin