n.

animportantvictoryorsuccessafteradifficultstruggle（尤指苦戰后獲得的）勝利，成功，成就贏得冠軍對這個年輕的網球運動員來說是很大的個人成就。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasestriumphWinningthechampionshipwasagreatpersonaltriumphforthisyoungtennisplayer.(championship/personaltriumph/tennisplayer)routinen.

[C,U]yourusualwayofdoingthings,esp.whenyoudotheminafixedorderatthesametime例行公事；常規；慣例

早上8點到辦公室，一直呆到下午5點，這已經成了我的慣例。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesArrivingattheofficeat8a.m.andstayingthereuntil5p.m.hasbecomemyroutine.routinea.

happeningasanormalpartofajoborprocess常規的；例行的；慣常的

這個問題是在一次例行檢查中發現的。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesTheproblemwasdiscoveredduringaroutinecheck.vt.

1trytoachievesth.追求；致力于

他想工作兩年以后再去讀學士學位。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesHewantedtopursueabachelor’sdegreeafterworkingfortwoyears..(bachelor’sdegree

)pursue2chasesb.orsth.inordertocatchthem追趕；追逐

這名警官追趕一輛超速行駛的車，最終在另一輛警車的協助下，截下了那輛車。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesThepoliceofficerpursuedthespeedingcarandeventuallystoppeditwiththehelpofanotherpolicecar.(speedingcar/eventually)pursuea.

1veryspecial,unusual,orgood特別的；極不尋常的；極好的

你將獲得一個難得的機會去采訪那家公司的首席執行官。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesYouwillbegivenauniqueopportunitytointerviewtheCEOofthecompany.(interview/CEO)unique2notthesameasanythingoranyoneelse不同的；獨特的

每個人的指紋都是不一樣的，所以你找不到指紋相同的兩個人。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesEachperson’sfingerprintsare,soyouwon’tfindtwopeoplewiththesamefingerprints.(fingerprints)uniquen.

[U]thefeelingofbeingveryinterestedinsth.orexcitedbyit熱愛；熱情；熱心

他一生酷愛音樂。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesHisenthusiasmformusicstayedstrongthroughouthislife.enthusiasma.

(oftenafternoun)abletobeobtained,taken,orused可獲得的；可利用的；現成的

有機食品現在在很多商店里都可以買到。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesOrganicfoodisnowwidelyavailableinmanystores.(Organicfood

)availablevt.

thinkthatsth.istrue,althoughyoudonothavedefiniteproof假定；假設；認為

我以為每個大學生都可以使用互聯網。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesIassumethateverycollegestudenthasaccesstotheInternet.assumevi.

1appearorbecomerecognized出現；為…所公認

Nonewleaderhasemergedtotakehisplace.還沒有新領導來接替他。

2comeoutofsth.oroutfrombehindsth.出現；露出

Thesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.太陽從云層后面露了出來。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesIassumethateverycollegestudenthasaccesstotheInternet.emerge(pledgeto/boostcooperation/exchange/China-USties)vi.

1appearorbecomerecognized出現；為…所公認

還沒有新領導來接替他。

2comeoutofsth.oroutfrombehindsth.出現；露出

太陽從云層后面露了出來。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesNonewleaderhasemergedtotakehisplace.emergeThesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.

a.

1(onlybeforenoun)almostthesameasthethingthatismentioned幾乎相同的；實質上的

她丈夫中風之后，生意幾乎全部交給她掌管。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesWhenherhusbandhadastroke,shewasgivenvirtualcontrolofthebusiness.(hadastroke)virtual2made,done,seen,etc.ontheInternetoronacomputer,ratherthanintherealworld虛擬的；模擬的

新技術已使在線“虛擬圖書館”的發展成為可能。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesNewtechnologyhasenabledthedevelopmentofanonline“virtuallibrary”.(online)

ad.

1almost實際上；幾乎；差不多

由于大多數人到城里工作去了，這個小村莊幾乎都空了。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesThesmallvillagewasvirtuallyemptysincemostpeoplemovedtothecitytowork.virtually

2onacomputer,ratherthanintherealworld虛擬地；模擬地

谷歌公司新推出的虛擬世界讓你可以虛擬地更自由的生活。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesThenewvirtualworldfromGoogleletsyouliveafreerlife,virtually.（virtualworld）virtually

abundant

a.

(fml.)existingoravailableinlargequantities大量的；豐富的；充裕的

這個國家有充足的天然氣供應。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesThecountryhasanabundantsupplyofnaturalgas.（naturalgas

）

n.

1[C]sth.thatyououghttodobecauseitismorallyorsociallyright（道德、社會）責任，義務

在現代社會中,個人對他人的責任是什么？

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesWhatistheindividual’sresponsibilitytoothersinmodernsociety?（individual）responsibility

n.

2[U]adutytobeinchargeofsb.orsth.,sothatyoumakedecisionsandcanbeblamedifsth.badhappens責任

沒有人聲稱對襲擊大使館的事負責。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesNooneclaimedresponsibilityfortheattackontheembassy.（claim/embassy

）responsibility

3[C]sth.thatyoumustdoaspartofyourjoborduty職責；任務；義務

作為該項目的經理，他肩負著很多職責。

SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesBeingthemanagerofthisproject,hehasmanyresponsibilitiesonhisshoulders.responsibilityinherit

vt.

receiveabelief,tradition,orwayoflifefrompeoplewholivedbeforeyou沿襲，秉承（信仰、傳統或生活方式）

許多國家沿襲了公共服務的傳統。SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesManycountrieshaveinheritedtraditionsofpublicservice.（traditionsofpublicservice）inherit

v.

receivepropertyormoneyfromsb.whohasdied繼承（財產）

他從祖母那里繼承了一大筆遺產，所以他買了一個大房子。SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesHeinheritedafortunefromhisgrandmother,soheboughtahugehouse.inherit

v.

receivepropertyormoneyfromsb.whohasdied繼承（財產）

他從祖母那里繼承了一大筆遺產，所以他買了一個大房子。SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesHeinheritedafortunefromhisgrandmother,soheboughtahugehouse.

inheritor

n.[C]

1sb.whofollowsanestablishedwayoflifeorthinking（生活或思想方式的）后繼者，繼承人

我們是一個偉大文化傳統的繼承者。SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesWearetheinheritorsofagreatculturaltradition.

inheritor

n.[C]

2sb.whoreceivesmoney,property,etc.fromsb.whohasjustdied遺產繼承人

他是他叔叔財產的唯一繼承人SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesHewastheonlyinheritorofhisuncle’sproperty.（property）transmit

vt.

(fml.)sendorpasssth.fromoneperson,placeorthingtoanother傳送；傳遞；傳播

過去，教師的主要職責是把知識傳遞給學生。SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesInthepast,ateacher’smainresponsibilitywastotransmitknowledgetostudents.（responsibility）prosperous

a.

(fml.)richandsuccessful富裕的；繁榮的；興旺的

銷售額在南部較富裕的地區增長最快。SectionA:

Towardabrighterfuturefor

allTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSaleshavegrownfastestinthemoreprosperousareasofthesouth.Functionalpatterns作為校長，我非常自豪地歡迎你們來到這所大學。

原句譯文逆譯練習Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity.句型提煉FunctionalpatternsAs…,sb.isproud/happy/sorry/sad…todosth.句型提煉應用提示用于表達“某人在特定身份下做某事的感受”。句型應用Functionalpatterns(disaster-hitarea/begrateful/allwalksoflife)典型例句作為一名來自災區的學生代表，我非常感激社會各界對我們的關愛與幫助！意群提示Asastudentrepresentativefromthedisaster-hitarea,I’mverygratefultothepeopleofallwalksoflifefortheircareandhelp!Functionalpatterns在歡迎你們到來的這一刻，我想起自己高中畢業時的情景，還有媽媽為我和爸爸拍的合影。原句譯文逆譯練習Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.句型提煉FunctionalpatternsIndoingsth,sb.isremindedofsth.句型提煉應用提示

用于表達“某事引起的回憶”。句型應用Functionalpatterns(makespeech/beremindedof/encouragement)典型例句第一次給這么多人做演講時，我想起我的英語老師給我的鼓勵和建議。意群提示In

makingmyspeechinfrontofalargeaudience,I’mremindedoftheencouragementandadvicefrommyEnglishteacher.Functionalpatterns如果我只能給你們一條選課建議的話，那就是：挑戰自己！原句譯文逆譯練習IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceaboutselectingcourses,itwouldbethis:Challengeyourself!句型提煉FunctionalpatternsIfsb.couldgivesb.elseonlyonepieceofadviceabout…,itwouldbethis:Dosth.!句型提煉應用提示

用于表達“某人認定的最為重要的建議”。句型應用Functionalpatterns(copewith/believeinyourself)典型例句如果讓我給你一條如何應對大學挑戰的建議，那就是：相信自己！意群提示IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceabouthowtocopewiththecollegechallenges,itwouldbethis:Believeinyourself!Functionalpatterns一個絕佳的例子就是時裝設計師王薇薇。她最初學的是藝術史。原句譯文逆譯練習Awonderfulexampleofthisisthefashiondesigner,VeraWang,whooriginallystudiedarthistory.句型提煉FunctionalpatternsAwonderfulexampleofthisissb.who…/sth.that…句型提煉應用提示用于列舉“最典型的事例”。句型應用Functionalpatterns(collegediploma/wonderfulexample/dropoutof)典型例句有些人沒有大學文憑也獲得了成功。一個絕佳的例子就是微軟公司創始人比爾?蓋茨，他在大三時就從哈佛退學了。意群提示Somepeopleachievedgreatsuccesseventhoughtheydidnothavecollegediplomas.A

wonderfulexample

ofthisisthefounderofMicrosoft,BillGates,whodroppedoutofHarvardinhisjunioryear.FunctionalpatternsVocabularytransform

vt.

使改觀；使變形；使轉化

Thepresidentoftheuniversitysaidthattheyweretryingtheirbesttotransformtheiruniversityintoatopschoolinthecountry.這個大學的校長表示，他們正竭盡全力把他們的學校建設成為全國的一流大學。享用權；享用機會(accessto/up-to-date/essential/research)Accesstoup-to-dateinformationisessentialtoourresearch.access短語逆譯短語應用利用最新信息對我們的研究至關重要。意群提示VocabularyVocabularysophisticated

a.

1見多識廣的；老練的；有鑒賞力的

Herextensivesocialexperienceiswhatmakeshersosophisticated.正是她豐富的社會經驗使她變得很老練。

2復雜的；精密的；尖端的

Thissophisticatedtechnologyhaswonpraisefromcustomersathomeandabroad.這項尖端的技術贏得了國內外消費者的一致好評。Vocabularyadopt

vt.

1采納；采取

Ifyouwanttoimproveyoursituation,youmustadoptapositiveattitude.如果你想改善你的處境，你必須采取積極的態度。

2收養；領養

Heisheartbrokenoverthisearthquakeandhewouldliketoadoptanorphanfromthearea.這次地震讓他感到心碎，他想從這個地區收養一名孤兒。樹立榜樣，帶頭(takethelead/deeplytrusted/themasses)Thechairmanalwaystakestheleadineverythingandisdeeplytrustedbythemasses.takethelead短語逆譯短語應用主席做事總是一馬當先，深受廣大群眾信任。意群提示phrases解釋，說明，引起(tryto/findout/accountfor/disappearance)ManycountriesaretryingtofindoutwhataccountsforthedisappearanceofMH370airplane.accountfor短語逆譯短語應用很多國家都在盡力弄清楚MH370失蹤的原因。意群提示phrasesVocabularyindispensable

a.

必不可少的

Sheisindispensabletotheproject;withoutherinvolvementwecouldnotcontinueourwork.她對這個項目來說不可或缺，沒有她的參與我們就無法繼續工作了。Vocabularyregulate

vt.

1控制；管理

Legalandeconomicmeasuresshouldbetakentoregulatethefoodindustry.必須采取法律和經濟手段來管理食品行業。

2調整；校準；調節

Canyouregulatethepaceofthiswatchsothatitkeepsgoodtime?你能不能調一下這塊表，讓它走得準一些？Vocabularyestimate

vt.

估計；估算

Withsomanyvariables,itisverydifficulttoestimatetheexactcostofthisproject.由于有這么多可變因素，所以很難估算出這個項目的確切成本。estimated

a.

據估計的

Theestimatedpopulationofthissmalltownisabout15,000.據估計，這個小鎮的人口有1.5萬人。差的，次的(stupid/inferior/intelligence)

Itisstupidtothinkthatwomenareinferiorinintelligencetomen.inferior短語逆譯短語應用認為女性的智力低于男性的想法是愚蠢的。意群提示VocabularyVocabularycomplex

n.

[C]情結；夸大的情緒反應

ThisauthorexpressesherChinacomplexandChineseculturalconsciousnessthroughherwriting.

這位作者通過其寫作表現她的中國情結和中國文化意識。

a.

復雜的；難以理解的

Indeed,thestockmarketisanattractiveandrelativelycomplexpartofthebusinessworld.的確，股票市場是商業領域中具有吸引力而且較為復雜的一部分。Vocabulary

compensate

vi.

補償；彌補

Dotakecareofyourself.Nothingcancompensateforthelossofone’shealth.要好好照顧自己，失去了健康什么都無法彌補。

v.

賠償

Theinsurancecompanywillcompensateyouaccordingtothepolicyforwhateverlossesyousuffered.保險公司會按照條例賠償你的任何損失。Vocabulary

lease

vt.

租用；租借

Hetriedtopersuadethemtoleasehimtheirbasement,buthewasturneddown.他竭力想說服他們把地下室租給他，但是被拒絕了。

n.

租約，租契

Accordingtothetermsofthelease,thelandlordisresponsibleforrepairs.根據租賃條款，維修由房東負責。LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns大學校園長久以來都是學術之地，也是新技術的前沿。現在隨著手提電腦和智能手機的大量出現，加上每天24小時不間斷的網絡連接，大學校園正在轉而進入電子設備的新時代。原句譯文逆譯練習Thecollegecampus,longaplaceofscholarshipandfrontiersofnewtechnology,isbeingtransformedintoanewageofelectronicsbyafleetoflaptops,smartphonesandconnectivity24hoursaday.Languagefocus句型提煉Functionalpatternssth.,longa…of…,isbeingtransformedinto…,and…句型提煉應用提示用于形容“某物的變化”。Languagefocus句型應用Functionalpatterns(mystery/battlefield/humanexploration/astronaut)典型例句太空長久以來都是一個充滿神秘色彩的地域，現在隨著尖端技術和先進材料的大量出現，加上專業的宇航員，太空已經正在轉為人類探索活動的戰場。意群提示LanguagefocusThespace,longaplaceofmystery,isbeingtransformedintoabattlefieldofhumanexplorationbyafleetoftoptechnology,advancedmaterialandprofessionalastronauts.FunctionalpatternsLanguagefocus句型提煉Functionalpatterns事實上，美國最近的一項研究發現，信息技術的投入占高校預算的5%-8%，比20世紀80年代中期約2%-3%的投入有所增加。原句譯文逆譯練習Infact,arecentstudyintheUSfoundthatinformationtechnologyaccountedfor5%to8%ofcollegebudgets,upfromanestimated2%to3%inthemid-1980s.Arecentstudy/research/experimentfound/discovered/indicatedthat…句型提煉應用提示

用于表達“某些研究、實驗等所發現的結果”。

Languagefocus句型應用Functionalpatterns(interactwith/active/lower/bloodpressure)典型例句最近的一項研究發現，與動物進行積極的互動能降低一個人的血壓。意群提示LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsArecentresearchdiscoveredthatinteractingwithanimalsinanactivewaymayloweraperson’sbloodpressure.Languagefocus句型提煉Functionalpatterns隨著計算機技術的廣泛應用，我們將培養出善于解決問題和善于思考的一代人，這對于世界的未來是至關重要的。原句譯文逆譯練習Withthewidespreadapplicationoflaptopsandcomputerscience,wearegoingtoproduceagenerationofproblem-solversandintelligentthinkers,whichisindispensableforthefutureoftheworld.Withthewidespreadapplicationof…/Withthefast/rapiddevelopmentof…句型提煉應用提示

用于表達“某事或某物的發展或應用”。Languagefocus句型應用Functionalpatterns(seriousness/informationsecurity/ontherise)典型例句隨著互聯網的迅猛發展和廣泛應用，網絡信息安全問題變得越來越嚴峻。意群提示LanguagefocusWiththerapiddevelopmentandwidespreadapplicationofInternet,theseriousnessofInternetinformationsecurityisontherise.FunctionalpatternsRespondern.[C]apersonwhodoessth.Asareactiontosth.Thathasbeensaidordone回應者；應答者SectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

Subsequentton.[C]apersonwhodoessth.Asareactiontosth.Thathasbeensaidordone回應者；應答者SectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

1在表示先后次序時，常用的形容詞有next,following,last,subsequent,previous及preceding等。這些形容詞通常置于被修飾的名詞之前，例如：thenextmorning,thefollowingclass,thelastweek,thesubsequentevents,thepreviousmeeting,theprecedingpage。

2subsequentto（在…之后）和previousto（在…之前）作定語時，通常置于被修飾的名詞之后。例如：

Onthedaysubsequenttohisvisit,shedisappeared.在他去看她后的第二天，她失蹤了。Congress[C]thegroupofpeoplechosenorelectedtomakethelawsinsomecountries國會；議會SectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

Congresswomann.

[C]awomanwhoisamemberofacongress,esp.theUSHouseofRepresentatives國會女議員（尤指美國眾議員）tenderSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

a.

gentleandcarefulinawaythatshowslove溫柔的；體貼入微的；慈愛的

Thesinger’sdeepandtendervoiceisperfectforthismusic.這位歌手深沉而溫柔的嗓音正適合這段音樂。sympathySectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

n.

[pl.,U]thefeelingofbeingsorryforsb.whoisinabadsituation同情；同情心

Whenherhusbanddied,shereceivedmanylettersofsympathy.她丈夫去世的時候，她收到許多慰問信。hailSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

n.

1(a~ofbullets/stones,etc.)alargenumberofbullets,stones,etc.thatarefiredorthrownatsb.一陣彈雨/像雹子般襲來的石塊等

Theriotpoliceweremetwithahailofstones.防暴警察遭到一陣石頭的襲擊。

2[U]frozenraindropswhichfallashardballsofice雹；冰雹

Disastrousweatherincludesdrought,floods,hail,andstrongwinds.災害性天氣包括干旱、洪水、冰雹和強風。hailSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

vt.

describesb.orsth.asbeingverygood把…稱贊為；把…譽為

She’sbeinghailedasoneofthemostpromisingyoungdancingstarstoday.她被譽為當今最有前途的青年舞蹈明星之一。

Hisfirstbookwashailedagreatsuccess.他的第一部書被認為是極大的成功remarkableSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

a.

unusualorsurprisingandthereforedeservingattentionorpraise非凡的；不尋常的；顯著的

Itisthatkindofcourageanddeterminationthatmakeshimamostremarkableperson.正是那種勇氣和決心使他成為一個非凡的人。graceSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

n.

1[U]kind,polite,andfairbehavior善意；禮貌；體諒

Shedidnotevenhavethegracetosaysorry.她連說道歉的氣度都沒有。

2[U]asmoothwayofmovingthatlooksnatural,relaxed,andattractive優美；優雅

Aftertakingonlyfourdancinglessons,shewasabletodancewithgrace.她只上了四次舞蹈課就能跳得很優美了。circumstanceSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

n.

[C,usu.pl.]theconditionsthataffectasituation,action,event,etc.情況；情形

Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstancesmayweusethetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.我們被告知，無論什么情況下都不得使用辦公室的電話辦私事。solemnSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

a.

involvingseriousbehaviororseriousattitudes嚴肅的；鄭重的；莊嚴的

Fromhissolemnexpressionweknewhewasdissatisfiedwiththeresults.從他嚴肅的表情我們可以看出，他對結果不滿意。

solemnly

ad.

嚴肅地；鄭重地；莊嚴地

“Iwilllovemycountryforever,”Alexdeclaredsolemnly.“我將永遠熱愛我的祖國，”亞力克斯莊嚴宣誓。commitmentSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

2[C]apromisetodosth.ortobehaveinaparticularway承諾

Wemadeacommitmenttokeepworkingtogether.我們承諾繼續合作。

Theymadeacommitmenttopeace.他們承諾要保持和平。

commitmentSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

n.

1[U]thehardworkandloyaltythatsb.givestoanorganization,activity,etc.投入；忠誠；奉獻

Mycommitmenttostudyhasmademethemostsuccessfulpersoninmysmalltown.我在學習上的投入使我成為我們小鎮上最成功的人。

Sheisknownforhercommitmenttonucleardisarmament.她以致力于核減軍而聞名。

militarySectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

a.

usedby,involving,orrelatingtothearmy,navy,orairforce軍用的；軍事的；軍隊的

Acountry’spowercanbemeasuredbyitsmilitaryandeconomicresources.一個國家的國力可以用它的軍事和經濟資源來衡量

personnelSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

n.

[pl.]thepeoplewhoworkinacompany,organization,ormilitaryforce（公司、組織或軍隊中的）人員；員工;職員

Thepersonnelresponsibleforprocessingalltheselettersshallstayuntilthejobisdone.負責處理所有這些信件的人員要留下來，直到工作結束。

confineSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

vt.

1keepsb.inaplacethattheycannotleave,suchasaprison監禁；禁閉

Thecriminalwascaughtandconfinedtoprisonfortwoyears.那名罪犯被捕了，并在監獄里關了兩年。

2ifsth.isconfinedtooneareaorgroupofpeople,ithappensonlyinthatareaoraffectonlythatgroupofpeople使局限于

Theriskofinfectionisconfinedtorelativelysmallgroups.感染的危險只局限于較小的人群。

solitarySectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

a.

1doingsth.withoutanyoneelsewithyou單獨的；無伴的

Sheshouldhavebeenkindtothataging,solitarywoman.她應該對那個上了年紀的獨居女人和善一點的。

Somepeoplehaverejectedcompanyandhavebeenlivingasolitarylifeonpurpose.有些人拒絕別人的陪伴，一直有意過著獨居生活。

solitarySectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

a.

2(onlybeforenoun)usedtoemphasizethatthereisonlyoneofsth.單個的；唯一的

Thebencheswereemptyexceptforasinglesolitaryfigure.這些長凳上除了一個孤零零的身影外什么都沒有。

reconcileSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

vt.

findawaytomakeideas,beliefs,needs,etc.thatareopposedtoeachothercapableofexistingtogether調和；調解

Wesuggestthatitispossibletoreconciletheseapparentlyopposingperspectives.我們認為這些看似對立的觀點是可以相互統一的。

。reconcileSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

v.

ifyoureconciletwopeopleorgroupsortheyreconcile,theybecomefriendlyagainafteradisagreement（使）和解；（使）恢復友好關系

Thelittleboydoesnotreadilyreconcilewithhiseldersister.那個小男孩還不愿意和他姐姐講和。

MyelderbrotherandIwerefinallyreconciledwitheachotherafternotspeakingforoverfiveyears.我和我哥有五年多不說話，最后我們和好了。involveSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

vt.

1includeoraffectsb.orsth.涉及；影響

Theaccidentlastnightinvolvedfivecars,causingthedeathofsixpeople.昨晚那場事故涉及5輛汽車，造成6人死亡。

2includesth.asanecessarypartofanactivity,event,orsituation包含；需要

Administrativepositionsofteninvolvedoingalotofpaperwork,suchasbudgetreportsandstaffevaluations.管理崗位常常需要做許多文書工作，例如做預算報告和進行員工評估。

involveSectionA:

HeroesamongusTextStudy:NewwordsandPhrases

vt.

3encourageorallowsb.totakepartinsth.鼓勵…參與；允許…參加

Ouraimistoinvolvemoreparentsintheirchildren’seducationthroughonlineeducationprograms.我們的目的是通過網上教育節目讓更多的家長參與孩子的教育。

Atourmeeting,weshouldnotinvolveourselvesinarguments;insteadweshouldtrytosolveourproblems.我們在會上不應該陷入爭論，而應該試著解決問題。。LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns在過去，“英雄”一詞僅限于稱呼那些做出超乎職責范圍的特別英勇的行為的人們。

原句譯文逆譯練習Itusedtobethatthewordherowasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofduty.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsItusedtobethat…句型提煉應用提示用于表達“過去的某一習慣或情況現在已不存在”，表示與目前習慣或情況有所不同。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(supremepower/image)典型例句在過去，只有享受至高無上權利的皇家才能使用龍的形象。意群提示Itusedtobethattheimageofdragoncouldonlybeusedbyroyalfamiliesthatenjoyedthesupremepower.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns一位戰士冒著槍林彈雨去搶救其他戰友，他被看作英雄。同樣，超凡卓越的具有傳奇色彩的領袖人物也是英雄，比如納爾遜·曼德拉。被囚禁于單人牢房27年后，曼德拉終于擺脫了牢獄生活。原句譯文逆譯練習Asoldierwhorunsthroughgunfiretorescueothermilitarypersonnelisseenasahero.Soarelarger-than-lifeleaderssuchasNelsonMandela,whoemergedafter27yearsofjail,confinedinasolitarychamber.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsSb./Sth.is….Soissb./sth.else./Soaresomeotherpeople/someotherthings.

句型提煉應用提示

用于表達“兩個人或事物之間的相似之處”。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(painstakingefforts/valuableasset/setback)典型例句在你的人生中，通過不懈努力取得的成功是寶貴的財富。同樣，幫助你逐步走向成熟的人生挫折也是財富。意群提示Successthatyouachievethroughpainstakingeffortsisseenasvaluableassetinyourlife.Soarethesetbacksthathelpyoutobecomematuregradually.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns我們指望應急人員沖向危險，尤其是當我們自身或我們所愛的人身處險境時。原句譯文逆譯練習Wecountonfirstresponderstorushtowarddanger,especiallywhenitinvolvesusorthosewelove.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsSb.dosth.,especiallywhen….句型提煉應用提示

用于表達“某人最有可能做某事的一種條件”。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(recall/strike)典型例句我喜歡回憶過去，特別是當孤寂來襲之時。意群提示Iloverecallingthepast,especiallywhenlonelinessstrikes.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns我們向消防隊員、警察和普通平民致敬，贊揚其英雄精神。也許，甚至更為重要的是，我們要通過努力改變讓他們遭遇不幸的環境來向他們致敬。原句譯文逆譯練習Wehonorthefireman,thepoliceman,andtheaveragecitizenbyrecognizingtheirheroism.Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,wehonorthembyworkingtochangethecircumstancesthatledtotheirdeath.句型提煉LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsSb.dosth.by….Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,sb.dosth.by…句型提煉應用提示用于表達“對于某人而言更為重要的行為方式”。句型應用LanguagefocusFunctionalpatterns(impartknowledge)典型例句我們通過傳授知識培養學生，也許，更為重要的是，我們通過傳授學習方法培養學生。意群提示Wecultivatestudentsbyimpartingknowledge.Perhaps,evenmoreimportantly,wecultivatestudentsbyteachingthemlearningmethods.LanguagefocusFunctionalpatternsnumerous

a.

many許多的；很多的

Thelibraryhasnumerousbooks,morethanIhaveeverexpected.這個圖書館擁有大量的圖書，比我預想的要多得多。TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestionreliable

a.

abletobetrustedordependedon可信賴的；可靠的

Areliableemployeedoeshis/herjobwithminimalerror.

一個可靠的員工工作起來錯誤最少。

TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestioncontrast

vt.

comparetwothings,ideas,people,etc.toshowhowdifferenttheyarefromeachother使成對比；使成對照

Inheressay,theauthorcontraststhepresenteconomiccrisiswiththeone10yearsago.作者在文中就當前的經濟危機和十年前的經濟危機進行了對比。TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestioncontrastvi.

(oftwothings)bedifferentfromeachother,ofteninanoticeableorinterestingway形成對比

Herdarkhaircontrastedsharplywithherpalesilkgown.她的黑頭發和她的淺色絲綢禮服形成了強烈的對比。

TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestioncontrastn.

[C,U]adifferencebetweenpeople,ideas,situations,things,etc.thatarebeingcompared差異；差別

Thebookpresentsaveryinterestingcontrastbetweenlifenowandlife100yearsago.這本書把現在的生活和100年之前的生活進行了十分有趣的對比。Harry’shouseisbiganddecent.Incontrast,thehousejustnexttohisissmallandshabby.哈利的房子又大又體面。相反，就在他邊上的那座房子卻又小又破舊。TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestionindicate

vt.

1showthataparticularsituationexists,orthatsth.islikelytobetrue表明；顯示Theanalysesindicatethatinaircraftaccidents,thesystemismostoftenatfault,nottheoperator.這些分析表明，在飛機失事事故中往往是系統出了問題，而非操作人員出現失誤。

TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestionindicate

vt.

2sayordosth.tomakeyourwishes,intention,etc.clear表明（意向等）

ProfessorSmithhasindicatedhisintentiontoretireattheendoftheyear.史密斯教授表示打算今年年底退休。TextStudy:NewwordsandPhrasesSectionA:

ToworkorNottoWork-ThatistheQuestionindicator

n.[C]sth.thatcanberegardedasasignofsth.else指示物；指示者

Agealoneisapoorindica