20236〔卷二〕PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2023.Thecompaniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2023.Overall,thestrikeisanefforttoprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set(制作中〕safetyprecautions.Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindustryisinthemidstofanintenseincreaseincashflow.In2023,gamingproduced$billionindomesticrevenue.fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichistypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensationaperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.“It’saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,”saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman，who’samemberoftheunion’snegotiatingcommittee.“Thisisanimportantaspectofwhatitmeanstobea〕performer,whoisn’tregularlyemployedeverysingledayworkingonprojects.”Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthesecrecyoftheindustry.“Ican’timagineifthere’sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon’tknowwhatshowyou’rein,whenyou’rehired，’’saysvoiceactorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.“Andyetthathappenseverydayinthevideogameworld,”FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday.“IwasamaincharacterinFallout4, acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearandahalf.”lawyerrepresentingthevideogamecompanies,sayslessthanonetenthof1percentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame.”So“eventhoughthey’rethetopdifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe that’sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies.”全文翻譯及命題分析美國電視和播送藝術家聯合會(saga-aftra)2023年2月17日些重量級公司，如電子藝界制作公司、失眠癥玩耍公司、動視暴雪和迪士尼。此次罷工發生之前，雙方進展了長達19個月的談判，但未能成功達成共識。2023安全措施透亮度。2023235相反，他們的薪酬是固定的，即一個標準的四小時配音時長薪酬通常約為825美元。因此，配音演員們正在努力實現次級補償的想法——當一款玩耍賣出200200萬下載量或到達200金，上限為800萬。演員克里斯賓·弗里曼說：“這對不是每天都有活干的演員來說格外重要。”·在哪里。”“這樣的事情在電子玩耍界每天都在發生。”法利在周五的聞公布會上里我始終都不知道那款玩耍的名字。”中占比不到%”。因此，“即使他們是各自領域的頂尖藝人，”威特林說，“假設我們給他們的薪酬體系與那些%的工作人員截然不同，這將給電子玩耍公司帶來更多的問題。”4911人員中占比極低，給他們特別薪資待遇會給電子玩耍公司帶來更多問題。【試題詳解】didSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstsomevideogamepublishers?A)Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.Itsappealtorenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.【題干譯文】為何美國電視和播送藝術家聯合會〔SAG-AFTRA〕宣布對一些電子玩耍發行公司發起罷工？A)B)其重談判合同的要求遭到拒絕。C)19D)他們之間的談判裂開了。結合挨次法定位，可以找到此題對應的閱讀點在文章開頭第一、二自然段。“Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiations...”可以了解到：此次罷工發生之前，雙方進展了長達19個月的談判，但未能成功達成共識，即談判裂開。D選項中“brokendown”與閱讀點中“unsuccessful”對應。【干擾分析】勞工合同到期，非AB“19monthsofC“hadbeencheatedrepeatedly”的證據。dowelearnfromthepassageaboutthevideogamingindustry?A)Ithasreapedhugeprofitsinrecentyears.B)Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.C)Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.D)Ithasinvestedalotinitsdomesticmarket.【題干譯文】從這篇文章中我們可以了解到關于電子玩耍產業的什么信息？【選項譯文】ABC)它吸引了很多著名的配音演員。D)它在國內市場投入了大量資金。【定位信息】將題干中“videogamingindustry”作為向導詞，可以找到此題對應的閱讀點在文章第三自然段。【答案詳解】答案是A。依據第三自然我們可以了解到：電子玩耍產業近年來進展快速，該行業正處于現金流大幅增長時期，于2023年制造了巨額國內財政收中“reapedhugeprofits”對應。B“transparent“thesecrecyofthe與原文“produced$billionindomesticrevenue”有確定的相關度，但一個講的是投資，另一個講的是收入，不是一碼事。arethevoiceactorsdemanding?A)Moreregularemployment.Anon-discriminatorycontract.Extrapaybasedonsalesrevenues.Alimitonthemaximumworkhours.【題干譯文】配音演員的要求是什么？資。D)對最長工作時間的限制。應的閱讀點為第四自然段。【答案詳解】答案是C。依據第四自然最終一句話“Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation...”我們可以了解到：配想法。依據后文對次級補償的解釋，它是一種基于銷售收入的額外嘉獎。提到配音演員并不總是有活干以及他們的工作時長，但A、C選項并非他們的主BdoesKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?A)Theyarekeptinthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.B)Theyarediscriminatedagainstinthegamingindustry.C)Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.D)Theyarenotemployedfull-time.【題干譯文】法利對配音演員有什么看法？A)B)他們在玩耍行業受到卑視。C)他們沒有固定的工資。D)他們沒有全職工作。【定位信息】此題用“KeytheFarley”作為向導詞，定位到第六、七自然段。【答案詳解】答案是A。這兩個自然段引用了立科的話。從他的話里行間我們可他們對自己工作的很多細節一無所知。簡潔，其它三個干擾項迷惑性較小。istheargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraiseiftheyprovetobetopcraftsmen.Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.Voiceactorsaremerecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasisisinlinewiththelaw.【題干譯文】斯科特·威特林律師的觀點是什么？A)B)系會給這個行業帶來更多的問C)配音演員只是工匠不是專業演員D)按時給配音演員付費是符合法律的。個自然段。【答案詳解】答案是B。結合最終一自然段威特林所說的，配音演員“在玩耍制“這將給電子玩耍公司帶來更多的問題”。薪資待遇的，A明顯不對。“topcraftsmen”在文中有提及，但威特林并沒有C、DPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.OfficialsattheWhiteHouseannouncedanewspacepolicyfocusedonmanagingtheincreasingnumberofsatellitesthatcompaniesandgovernmentsarelaunchingintospace.SpacePolicyDirective-3laysoutgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatestomitigate〕theeffectsofspacedebrisandtrackandmanagetrafficinspace.ThispolicysetsthestagefortheDepartmentofCommercetotakeoverthemanagementoftrafficinspace.Thedepartmentwillmakesurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesdon’tuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterferewithexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched.ThisonlyappliestoAmericanspaceactivities,butthehopeisthatitwillhelpstandardizeasetofnormsinthedawningcommercialspaceflightindustrythroughouttheworld.Space,especiallythespacedirectlyaroundourplanet,isgettingmorecrowdedasmoregovernmentsandcompanieslaunchsatellites.Oneimpetusforthepolicyisthatcompaniesarealreadystartingtobuildmassiveconstellation〔星座〕comprisinghundredsorthousandsofsatelliteswithmanymovingpartsamongthem.Withsomuchstuffinspace,andalimitedareaaroundourplanet,thegovernmentwantstoreducethechancesofacollision.Twoormoresatellitesslammingintoeachothercouldcreatemanymoreout-of-controlbitsthatwouldposeevenmorehazardstothegrowingcollectionofsatellitesinspace.Andit’snotlikethishasn’thappenedbefore.In2023anoldRussiancraftslammedintoacommunicationssatellite,creatingacloudofhundredsofpiecesofdebrisandputtingotherhardwareatrisk.JournalistSarahScolesreportsthatNASAcurrentlytracksabout24,000objectsinspace,andin2023theAirForcehadtoissue3,995,874warningstosatelliteownersalertingthemtoapotentialnearbythreatfromanothersatelliteorbitofdebris.That’swhythisnewpolicyalsoincludesdirectionstoupdatethecurrent.GovernmentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandardPractices,whichalreadyrequireanyentitythatlaunchesasatelliteorspacecrafttovigorouslyanalyzethelikelihoodthatanyoftheiractions,fromanunexpectedfailureornormaloperations,willcreatemorespacedebris.Itincludesaccountingforanypieceofdebristheyplantoreleaseover5mmthatmightstayinorbitfor25yearsormore.Itmightseemsurprisingtothinkaboutanitemstayinginspaceforthatlong，buttheoldestsatellitestillinorbit—Vanguard1—turned60in2023.throughouttheworldareworkingondevelopingtechnologythatwoulddisposeoforcapturespacedebrisbeforeitcausesseriousdamage.Butfornow,ernmentismorefocusedonpreventingnewdebrisfromformingthantakingthetrashoutoforbit.全文翻譯及命題分析通跟蹤和治理制定了一般準則。到了期望。可能會產生更多失控的碎片，對太空中不斷增加的衛星群構成更大的威逼。2023·科爾斯報道稱，美國宇航局目前在太空中跟蹤約萬個物體，2023或碎片的威逼。這就是為什么政策還包括對當前《美國政府軌道碎片減緩標準做法》進展5251號——在202360片形成，而不是將垃圾去除出軌道。【命題分析】本篇閱讀理解5題均為對細節的考察，定位明確，難度適中。3一背景下，美國政府出臺了這一的太空政策。【試題詳解】isthepurposeofthenew.spacepolicy?Tolayoutgeneralguidelinesforspaceexploration.Toencouragecompaniestojoininspaceprograms.Tomakethebestuseofsatellitesinspace.Toimprovetrafficconditionsinspace.【題干譯文】美國太空政策的目的是什么？A)B)充分利用在軌衛星。D)改善太空交通環境。【定位信息】將題干中“newspacepolicy”作為向導詞，結合挨次法，定位到本文章開頭第一自然段。SpacePolicyDirective-3laysoutgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatestomitigatetheeffectsofspacedebrisandtrackandmanagetrafficinspace”，我們可以了解ADD。istheDepartmentofCommerceexpectedtodounderthenewpolicy?A)Reducedebrisinspace.Monitorsatelliteoperations.Regulatethelaunchingofnewsatellites.Updatesatellitecommunicationstechnology.【題干譯文】商務部在政策下預期會做什么？A)B)C)D)星通信技術。ofCommerce”作為向導詞，可以定位到文章其次自然段。C“Thedepartmentwillmakesurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesdon’tuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterferewithexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched”，意思是：商務部將確保放射的衛星不會使用干擾現有衛標準衛星放射。BDdoesthe.governmenthopetodowiththenewspacepolicy?A)Setinternationalstandardsforthespaceflightindustry.B)TMonopolizespaceindustrybydevelopingasetofnorms.C)Facilitatecommercialspaceflightsthroughouttheworld.D)Promoteinternationalcollaborationinspaceexploration.【題干譯文】商務部在政策下預期會做什么？A)B)C)D)星通信技術。ofCommerce”作為向導詞，可以定位到文章其次自然段。C“Thedepartmentwillmakesurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesdon’tuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterferewithexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched”，意思是：商務部將確保放射的衛星不會使用干擾現有衛標準衛星放射。BDisaspacevehiclelaunchingentityrequired