人教版高中英語必修四（Book4Unit1)必修4Unit1Womenofachievement核心單詞1.achievementn.［C］成就；功績;\[U\]實現；完成；達到聯想拓展achievev.取得，實現achieveanaim/agoal達到目標achievesuccess獲得成功HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforhisscientificachievements.他因科學上取得的成就而獲得諾貝爾獎。FlyingacrosstheAtlanticforthefirsttimewasagreatachievement.首次飛越大西洋是一個偉大的功績。完成句子①沒有人民的支持，我們將一事無成。Withoutthesupportofthepeoplewecan___________.②我只完成了我所希望完成的工作的一半。Ihaveachievedonlyhalfof___________Ihopetodo.③祝賀你獲得這樣完美的勝利。Congratulationstoyou___________(介詞)suchacompletevictory.答案:①achievenothing②what③onachieving2.behavevi.舉止，行為，表現；（機器等）工作，運轉（常與well/badly等副詞連用）vt.守規矩；舉止有禮常用結構：behaveoneself使某人自己舉止規矩Behaveyourself;don'tmakeafoolofyourself.注意你的舉止,別鬧出笑話來。Howisyournewcarbehaving?你的新車性能如何？聯想拓展behaviourn.(人的)言行舉止，行為；（動物）習性，自學成才behaviourtowards/to...對……的態度/行為(1)單項填空①Davidis___________quitewellinschool.HeobeystheteachersandgetsAsinallhissubjects.A.behavedB.concernedC.involvedD.respected(2)完成句子①父母讓孩子們在客人面前舉止禮貌。Theparentsaskedthechildrento___________infrontoftheguests.②她對這個孩子的良好行為感到高興。Sheispleasedwiththechild's___________.解析：(1)選A。bewellbehaved為固定搭配，意為"表現優秀"，聯系空后的內容可知,A項最佳。(2)①behavewell②goodbehaviour3.worthwhileadj.值得做的；值得的，可用作表語或定語，其后可加todo/doing。易混辨析worth/worthy/worthwhileworth只能作表語，其后接錢數、名詞或及物動詞的動名詞的主動形式:beworthdoing。worthy可作表語，后接of+名詞/動名詞的被動形式/不定式的被動形式:beworthyof+n./beingdone/tobedone；也可作定語，表示"值得……的；有價值的"。worthwhile可作表語或定語;aworthwhilejob一份值得做的工作。常用結構：itisworthwhiletodo/doing做某事是值得的。aworthywinner名副其實的贏家Buyingthecaratthispriceisnotworthwhile.以這樣的價格買車不值得。Isitworthwhilemaking/tomakesuchaneffort?做這樣的努力值得嗎？(1)單項填空Itwas___________thetroubletosettletheproblem.A.worthtotakeB.worthwhiletakingC.worthbeingtakenD.worthtaking(2)選詞填空(worthwhile/worth/worthy)（原創）①Thisvasewas___________fivehundredfrancsatthemost.②Everybodyhasroots.Itis___________tosearchforhisroots.③Theireffortsare___________ofyoursupport.④Thisbookis___________wellreadinganditis___________ofbeingreadasecondtime.解析:(1)選B。worthwhile后可以跟動名詞也可以跟不定式，而worth后面只可以跟動名詞的主動語態表達被動概念。(2)①worth②worthwhile③worthy④worth;worthy4.respectvt.尊敬；尊重n.敬意;問候常用結構：pay/giveone'srespecttosb.向某人致敬/問候have/showrespectforsb.尊敬某人respecting=withrespectto關于；就……而言inallrespects=ineveryrespect無論從哪方面來看；在各方面Weallshouldrespectourparentsandteachers.我們都應該尊敬我們的父母和老師。MrSmithalwaysshowrespecttohischildren'sopinions.史密斯先生總是很尊重孩子們的意見。Inrespecttothecontent,thearticleisverygood,butitisnotsatisfactoryinotheraspects.就內容而言，這篇文章很好，但在其他方面還不能令人滿意。聯想拓展respectableadj.值得尊敬的;正派的;高尚的respectfuladj.有禮貌的；恭敬的respectiveadj.各自的；分別的respectivelyadv.各自地；分別地One-wayfaresforadultsandchildrenwere＄18and＄5respectively.成人和兒童的單程車費分別為18美元和5美元。完成句子①請代我向你的父母致意。Please___________yourparents.②我們的班主任是位可敬的人，我們都很尊敬她。Ourheadteacherisa___________person,weall___________her.答案:①givemyrespectto②respectable;show/haverespectfor5.arguev.爭論，辯論;說服；主張;認為常用結構：arguewithsb.about/oversth.就某事和某人爭辯arguesb.into/outofdoing=persuadesb.to/nottodo=persuadesb.into/outofdoing說服某人做/不做某事arguefor/against支持/反對聯想拓展argumentn.論點；爭論;論據settleanargument解決爭端beyondargument無可爭辯Wearguedthatweshouldbepaidmore.我們據理力爭自己應該得到更高的薪水。Theyarearguingwiththeofficialsoverforeignpolicies.他們正就外交政策與官員們進行辯論。Theyarguedtheparkintoloweringtheprice.他們說服公園降了價。完成句子①我們總是就金錢的問題而爭論。Wearealwaysarguing___________eachothermoney.②他們說服我買了輛新的自行車。Theyarguedme___________buyinganewbike.③他反對吸煙，而且堅持認為吸煙有害健康是無可爭辯的事實。Heargued___________smoking,andinsistedthatitwas___________argumentthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth.答案:①with;about/over②into③against;beyond6.inspirevt.鼓舞；激勵；引發；賦予……靈感；激發Hisspeechinspiredus.他的發言鼓舞了我們。Thebeautifulsceneryinspiredthecomposer.美麗的景色使作曲家文思泉涌。常用結構：inspiresb.tosth.鼓勵某人某事inspiresb.todosth.鼓勵某人做某事(=encouragesb.todosth.)inspiresth.insb.(=inspiresb.withsth.)使某人產生……；鼓勵某人……Thefatherinspiredhissonwithconfidence.=Thefatherinspiredconfidenceinhisson.這位父親鼓勵兒子要自信。聯想拓展inspirationn.靈感；啟發；鼓舞人的事或人inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的；有靈感的inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的;激勵的完成句子①老師的話使他產生了希望。Theteacher'swords___________.=Theteacher'swords___________.②學生們都被這首振奮人心的歌曲所鼓舞。Thestudentswereall___________bythe___________song.答案:①inspiredhimwithhope;inspiredhopeinhim②inspired;inspiring7.intendvt.&vi.計劃，打算常用結構：beintendedfor專供……使用；專為……而設計intendtodo/doing打算……intendsb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事Thiskindofbicycleisintendedforpeoplewhoaretooshort.這種自行車是專為身材矮小的人設計的。Today,Iintendtofinishreadingthisnovel.今天我打算讀完這本小說。Iintendyoutotakeovermycareer.我打算讓你接管我的事業。單項填空①Thebook,___________forhersister,waslostinthemail.A.intendedaspleasantsurpriseB.intendingaspleasantsurpriseC.intendedasapleasantsurpriseD.intendingforpleasantsurprise②MissWanghad___________tocatchthefirstbus,butshedid'tgetupearlyenough.A.turnedB.comeC.intendedD.promised①解析：選C。intendsth.forsb.意為"為某人準備某物"，book與intend之間呈被動關系，因此用過去分詞短語作定語；surprise在這里用單數，表示"一個驚喜"。②解析：選C。intend有"打算"的意思，用過去完成時，表示"曾打算如此，但沒有做成"。8.delivervt.接生(小孩)；遞送；發表(演說等)常見結構:deliverababy接生小孩；生小孩deliversth.to...把某物送到……Thebabywasdeliveredinaclinic.孩子是在一個醫療站接生的。ComradeYangdeliveredtheopeningspeech.楊同志致了開幕詞。聯想拓展deliveryn.送貨；交付expressdelivery快遞ondelivery送達時；貨到時完成句子①一些新書已經送到學校了。Somenewbookshave___________theschool.②演員用他溫柔的聲音演講。Theactor___________hisspeech___________asoftvoice.答案:①beendelivered;to②delivered/gave;in9.observevt.觀察；觀測；遵守Shespentmanyyearobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.她花了許多年時間來觀察和記錄他們的日常活動。常用結構：observe+名詞/代詞賓語+賓語補足語（不帶to的不定式/動詞+ing形式）that+從句/what+從句Iobservedthementer/enteringtheshop.我看到他們進了/正走進商店。TheboyobservedwhatwasgoingonbetweenTomandhislittlesister.男孩觀察湯姆和他妹妹之間會發生什么事。Weshouldstrictlyobservethediscipline.我們要嚴格遵守紀律。聯想拓展observern.觀察者observationn.觀察翻譯句子①我從未看過他做早操。②我們必須遵守交通規則。答案:①Ihaveneverobservedhimdomorningexercises.②Wemustobservetheruleofroad.重點短語10.lookdownupon/on蔑視；瞧不起Shelooksdownonpeoplewho'veneverbeentouniversity.她瞧不起沒上過大學的人。Youcan'tlookdownuponapersonbecauseheispoor.你不能因為某個人貧窮就瞧不起他。Ihopeyoudon'tlookdownupon/onthiskindofwork.我希望你不要看不起這種工作。聯想拓展lookonsb./sth.as把某人/某物看作……=considersb./sth.aslookon袖手旁觀；觀望lookintosth.調查；觀察某事物lookup查閱(單詞、資料)；向上看；好轉look(sb.)upanddown上下打量(某人)lookoutforsb./sth.警惕或留心某人/某物lookbackto回顧；回憶lookabout/around環顧四周lookafter照料；照看lookforwardto盼望；期待lookfor尋找looklike看起來像lookover檢查；檢閱lookthrough瀏覽；檢查lookupto尊敬高手過招(1)完成句子①Hewas___________(被人看不起)becauseofhishumblebackground.②Heis___________(被認為是)theleadingauthorityonthesubject.③Ifyouwanttoknowhowawordisused,it___________(查閱）inadictionary.(2)選詞填空(lookup/lookdownon/lookforwardto/lookinto)①I'm___________goingtoyourparty.②Thepolicehavereceivedthecomplaint,andtheyare___________it.③Weshouldnot___________manuallabour.④Please___________thesewordsinyourdictionary.答案:(1)①lookeddownon②lookedonas③look;up(2)①lookingforwardto②lookinginto③lookdownon④lookup11.referto談到；查閱；參考；查詢；提及；指……而言聯想拓展refertosb./sth.as把某人/物稱作refersth.to把某事提交refersb.to讓某人向……求助易混辨析referto/consult/lookupreferto和consult都可作"查閱（詞典、參考書等）"講，表此意時兩詞可以互換。lookup意為"（在詞典、時刻表等中）查找……"。Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.我們同意不再談論這件事了。ShethoughtIwasreferringtoherdaughterwhenweweretalking.當我們談話時她以為我指的是她的女兒。(1)完成句子①Althoughshedidn'tmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhoshewas___________(談到).②Hegavethespeech___________(沒有參閱)hisnotes.③Helikesto___________(被稱為)"DoctorKhee".④Mydoctorme___________(向……求助)ahospitalspecialist.(2)單項填空①Theprofessor___________atthemeetingwillgiveusalecturenextweek.A.referredB.referredtoC.referringD.referringto②Ifyouarenotsureofthemeaningofthisword,youcan___________thedictionary.A.refertoB.lookupC.seeD.makeuseof③Duringhisstayinourcollege,heoftenbegan___________histalkbythispastexperienceasasoldier.A.turningtoB.referringtoC.stickingtoD.speakingto④Usingalongstick,theteacher___________aplaceonthemapandaskedthechildrentonameit.A.gotdowntoB.pointedtoC.referredtoD.cameto(1)①referringto②withoutreferringto③bereferredtoas④referred;to(2)①解析：選B。句意為：在會議上被提到的那位教授下周將給我們作一次講座。用referto的過去分詞形式作后置定語，表示被動。②解析：選A。referto在句中作"查閱"講，B項結構應為lookupthewordinthedictionary。③解析：選B。考查詞義辨析。turnto的意思是"求助于"，但其賓語是人，不可以是物；referto的意思是"參考；查詢；談到；提到"；stickto的意思是"堅持"。④解析：選B。考查短語辨析。getdownto的意思是"開始；著手"，后跟名詞或動名詞；pointto的意思是"指著；指向"；referto的意思是"參考；提到"；cometo的意思是"達到"。12.comeacross=runacross=meetbychance(偶然)遇見；碰見聯想拓展comeabout=happen發生comefrom來自comeout出現；開花；出版或發表；透露；顯出comeup升起；發生；出現comeupwithsth.找到或提出（答案﹑辦法等）cometo談到；涉及IcameacrossanoldschoolfriendinOxfordStreetthismorning.今天早上我在牛津大街碰見一位老校友。Shecameacrosssomeoldphotographsinadrawer.她在一個抽屜里偶然發現了一些舊照片。高手過招(1)單項填空MrBrown,couldyoutellmehow___________thedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish?A.cameaboutB.cametoC.cameupD.cameacross(2)用come短語的適當形式填空①I___________somenewwordswhilereading.②Hisnewbookwill___________nextmonth.③She___________anewideaforincreasingsales.④Canyoutellmehowtheaccident___________?(1)解析：選A。考查詞義辨析。comeabout意為"產生"，符合句意；cometo意為"達到（某個數字）"；comeacross意為"偶然遇到；從……上走"；comeup意為"來到"。(2)①cameacross②comeout③cameupwith④cameabout13.carryon繼續；堅持Let'scarryonourhomework.讓我們繼續做我們的家庭作業。Wemustcarryonuntiltherescueteamarrived.我們必須堅持下去直到救援隊到來。聯想拓展carryout執行；實施carryaway帶走；沖走carryoff奪去Wewillcarryouttheplanassoonasitismade.這個計劃一制定出來，我們就會執行。Weplantedmanytreestostopthewaterfromcarryingawaythesoil.我們種這么多樹的目的是阻止土壤流失。單項填空DoyoumindifI___________withmyworkwhileyouaregettingteaready.A.carryoutB.comeonC.carryonD.goover解析：選C。carryon在這里是"繼續下去"的意思。A項有一定干擾性。carryout也有"進行，開展"的意思，然而carryon為不及物動詞，而carryout為及物動詞。重點句型14.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.她母親頭幾個月來幫她的忙，這才使她得以開始自己的計劃。"only+狀語"放在句首時，主句部分要用部分倒裝，即：將助動詞、情態動詞或連系動詞置于主語之前。但"only+主語"放在句首時，主句不倒裝。OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishbetter.只有這樣，我們才能學好英語。OnlythendidIrememberthatIhadleftmycellphoneintherestaurant.到那