新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)課文、翻譯、超詳細(xì)講解&附練習(xí)等（26-30）Lesson26

Thebestartcritics

【Newwordsandexpressions】（13）art

n.藝術(shù)critic

n.評(píng)論家paint

v.畫(huà)pretend

v.假裝pattern

n.圖案curtain

n.窗簾，幕布material

n.材料appreciate

v.鑒賞notice

v.注意到whether

conj.是否hang

v.懸掛，吊critically

adv.批評(píng)地upsidedown

上下顛倒地（兩個(gè)同樣的音連在一起時(shí),前面的音聲去不讀）★art

n.藝術(shù)artstudent

藝術(shù)系的學(xué)生Iamanartstudent.

（[]注意連讀,增加了[]的音）Englishstudent

學(xué)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生studentofEngland

英國(guó)學(xué)生artgallery藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊

(gallery[]

n.長(zhǎng)廊,游廊；畫(huà)廊)blackart[]

巫術(shù)

artist[]

n.藝術(shù)家artiste[]

n.藝人

★critic

n.評(píng)論家criticise

v.批評(píng),批判(主要指批判,但不完全是責(zé)備的意思)Hecriticisedmypainting.criticism[]

n.批評(píng),批判critical

adj.挑剔的Youarecritical.critically

adv.愛(ài)挑剔的★paint

v.畫(huà)drawapicture

用線條畫(huà)paintapicture

強(qiáng)調(diào)油畫(huà)painting

n.畫(huà)oilpainting油畫(huà)；Chinesepainting中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)Beijingopera國(guó)戲,京劇★pretend

v.假裝pretendtodosth.

假裝……Whenhismothercamein,thebabypretendedtogotosleep.pretendthat+從句

假裝……★pattern

n.圖案①n.圖案patterndrills

②n.模式,典范★material

n.材料listeningmaterial

聽(tīng)力材料★appreciate

v.鑒賞＝understandandenjoyappreciatesth.

感激……

Iappreciateyourhelp.

我很感激你的幫助appreciatedoingsth.

我很喜歡做某事enjoy

v.欣賞，得到享受，樂(lè)趣Ilike…Ilove…Ienjoy…Iappreciate…

（程度一個(gè)比一個(gè)深）Ilikesth.Ilikesth.verymuch.Ilikesth.better.Ilikesth.best.★notice

v.注意到①vt.注意到，察覺(jué)到（不用進(jìn)行時(shí)）Younevernoticewhat’sgoingonaroundyou.notice

細(xì)節(jié)上的注意,往往是別人沒(méi)注意的東西,你注意到了,細(xì)節(jié)上的東西Inoticethebeautyspot.(美人痣)payattentionto

思想上的注意②n.注意，察覺(jué)Thegirlinredcaughthisnotice.③n.（書(shū)面的）通知，布告，海報(bào)Iknowthere’sameeting,becausesomeoneputupanoticeoutsidetheTownHall.★whether

conj.是否if在表示“是否”的時(shí)候可以被whether所取代；if在表示“如果”的時(shí)候不可以用whether取代whether…ornot=if

Ifitwillrain…

(不是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,故可以用將來(lái)時(shí)will)=Whetheritwillrain…/Whetheritwillrainornot…(可以加“not”)Iwonderedifitwillrain.(不加“not”)★hang

v.懸掛,吊①vt.&vi（將……）懸掛，吊Aprettycurtainhangsoverthewindow.hang—hung—hungv.懸掛Thecoatwashung.hang—hanged—hanged

v.絞死,吊死Thethiefwashanged.②vt.&vi垂下Johnwasverytired.Hesatinachairandhung(down)hishead.③vt.&vi安裝……使能轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)/擺動(dòng)Haveyouhungthedoor?

你把門(mén)裝上了嗎？★upsidedown

上下顛倒地①上下顛倒Whenhestandsonhishead,everythingappearsupsidedowntohim.②亂七八糟，混亂不堪Mylittleboyalwaysmakestheroomupsidedown.Thesemenhavemadethewholecountryupsidedown.【Text】IamanartstudentandIpaintalotofpictures.Manypeoplepretendthattheyunderstandmodernart.Theyalwaystellyouwhatapictureis'about'.Ofcourse,manypicturesarenot'about'anything.Theyarejustprettypatterns.Weliketheminthesamewaythatwelikeprettycurtainmaterial.Ithinkthatyoungchildrenoftenappreciatemodernpicturesbetterthananyoneelse.Theynoticemore.Mysisterisonlyseven,butshealwaystellsmewhethermypicturesaregoodornot.Shecameintomyroomyesterday.'Whatareyoudoing?'sheasked.

'I'mhangingthispictureonthewall,'Ianswered.'It'sanewone.Doyoulikeit?'Shelookedatitcriticallyforamoment.'It'sallright,'shesaid,'butisn'titupsidedown?'Ilookedatitagain.Shewasright!Itwas!參考譯文我是個(gè)學(xué)藝術(shù)的學(xué)生,畫(huà)了很多畫(huà).有很多人裝成很懂現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的樣子,總是告訴你一幅畫(huà)的“意思”是什么.當(dāng)然,有很多畫(huà)是什么“意思”也沒(méi)有的.它們就是些好看的圖案,我們喜愛(ài)它們就像我們喜歡漂亮的窗簾布一樣.我覺(jué)得小孩子們往往比任何人都更能欣賞現(xiàn)代繪畫(huà),他們觀察到的東西更多.我的妹妹只有7歲,但她總能說(shuō)出我的畫(huà)是好還是壞.昨天她到我房里來(lái)了.

【課文講解】1、Theyarejustprettypatterns.just在此處指“只是，僅僅（是）”

Itwasjustawrongnumber.just另一個(gè)意思是“剛才，正好，正是”

It’sjustsixo’clock.

I’vejustheardthenews.2、Weliketheminthesamewaythatwelikeprettycurtainmaterial.prettycurtainmaterial

漂亮的窗簾布inthesamewaythat=as…

正如……一樣Thesonwalkedinthesamewaythat/ashisfatherwalked.IloveyouinthesamewaythatIlovemyfather.IloveyoujustinthesamewaythatIlovemoney.inaway

以某種方式3、Ithinkthatyoungchildrenoftenappreciatemodernpicturesbetterthananyoneelse.else跟在anyone,anything等不定代詞的后面，表示“另外/加、其它/他的、不同的”，else也可跟疑問(wèn)代詞連用，如whoelse，whatelseIcanfindnothingelsehereexcepanolddictionary.Theycanappreciatemodernartsbest.betterthananyoneelse

比其他任何人(表示最高級(jí)的含義)用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)：Theteacheristhetallest.Theteacheristallerthananyoneelse.(“else”不能少,把主語(yǔ)從“anyone”中排除)Thebookismoreexpensivethananythingelse.4、Mysisterisonlyseven,butshealwaystellsmewhethermypicturesaregoodornot.連接詞whether…ornot可以表示選擇：Idon’tknowwhetheryouareinterested(init)ornot.Youmusthelphim,whetheryoulikehimornot.

不管你是否喜歡他，你（都）必須幫助他。5、'I'mhangingthispictureonthewall,'Ianswered.thewindowsinthewall/pictureonthewall注意介詞的不同6、'It'sallright,'shesaid,'butisn'titupsidedown?'Isn’titupsidedown?＝It’supsidedown.否定疑問(wèn)句，沒(méi)有否定的意思，起肯定作用，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，表達(dá)一種情緒Aren'tyoulucky?

你真幸運(yùn)Isn'titaboy?【Keystructures】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以用于表述現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)，也經(jīng)常用于表述經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或帶有普遍性的情況，頻度副詞可有可無(wú)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還用于表示普遍性真理。和人的情緒相連,跟人的狀態(tài)相連,跟人的思維活動(dòng)相連的動(dòng)詞都不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞是：appear，appreciate，be，believe，feel，find，forget，hear，know，like，looklike，notice，remember，resemble，see，think，understand等等【SpecialDifficulties】

Speechmarks引號(hào)在書(shū)面語(yǔ)會(huì)話中，用引號(hào)（單引號(hào)或雙引號(hào)）把實(shí)際的對(duì)話括起來(lái)。引號(hào)在英文當(dāng)中第一次出現(xiàn)是單引號(hào),第二次出現(xiàn)是雙引號(hào),英文當(dāng)中的書(shū)名號(hào)用引號(hào)來(lái)替代注意事項(xiàng):

①引號(hào)位于一行之上,它們應(yīng)在句尾其他標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)—如逗號(hào)、句號(hào)、問(wèn)號(hào)—之外.

②引語(yǔ)的第一個(gè)詞以大寫(xiě)字母開(kāi)頭.

③在said,asked等詞后面用逗號(hào),只有當(dāng)它們位于句尾時(shí),才在它們的后面用句號(hào).

④當(dāng)said,asked等詞置于引語(yǔ)之間時(shí),句子的后半部分以小寫(xiě)字母開(kāi)始.

⑤當(dāng)一個(gè)新的說(shuō)話人開(kāi)始講話時(shí),要另起一個(gè)段落.

【Multiplechoicequestions】4

Whatisitabout?Tellme___b___.a.whatisitabout

b.whatitisabout

c.whataboutitis

d.whataboutisit疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)要注意：①特殊疑問(wèn)句由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)②時(shí)態(tài)：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí),其從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)

③疑問(wèn)句變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),要變成陳述句語(yǔ)序④人稱的變化Isitnineo'clock?/Heaskedme.Heaskedmeif/whetheritwasnineo'clock.Whatabout中about是介詞,后接名詞或動(dòng)詞的ing形式,不接句子Whataboutit?5

Shetellsme______mypicturesaregoodornot.a.weather

b.that

c.if

d.unless沒(méi)有一個(gè)答案是對(duì)的直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的連接詞有３種：陳述句中的that；一般疑問(wèn)句中的if/whether；特殊疑問(wèn)句中的特殊疑問(wèn)詞ornot是否,that表示肯定if不可以與ornot連用unless

conj.除外,如果不(不能用于間接引語(yǔ)連接)Youwillfailunlessyouworkharder.

你如果不更加努力工作，你將失敗.

6

Doyoulikemypicture?It's___d___.a.anew

b.onenew

c.newone

d.anewoneA缺名詞；B缺名詞或位置錯(cuò)誤；C缺冠詞one可以作代詞,還可以作數(shù)詞10

Youngchildrenoftenappreciatemodernpictures.They___d___them.a.estimate

b.esteem

c.value

d.understandandenjoyestimante

v.評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)；esteem

v.尊敬；value

v.認(rèn)為……有價(jià)值9

Thiscurtainmaterialisverygood___b___.a.clothes

b.cloth

c.substance

d.matterclothes

n.衣服（讀音省略[]的音）cloth

n.布11

Theynoticemore.They______more.a.remark

b.observe

c.say

d.takecare在此句中,notice=observe12

It'supsidedown.Itisn't___d___.a.up

b.down

c.therightwaydown

d.therightwayupnottherightwaydown=therightwayupupsidedown與therightwayup意思相反Lesson27

Awetnight【Newwordsandexpressions】（15）tent

n.帳篷field

n.田地，田野smell

v.聞起來(lái)wonderful

adj.極好的campfire

n.營(yíng)火，篝火creep

v.爬行sleepingbag

睡袋c(diǎn)omfortable

adj.舒適的，安逸的soundly

adv.香甜地leap

v.跳躍，跳起heavily

adv.大量地stream

n.小溪form

v.形成wind

v.蜿蜒right

adv.正好★field

n.田地,田野inthefield

在田野里inone'sfield

在……領(lǐng)域Heisanexpertinhisfield.

footballfield

足球場(chǎng)地airfield

飛機(jī)場(chǎng)(介詞用on)★smell(smelled，smelt)

v.聞起來(lái)①vt.嗅，聞I’msmellingthefishtoseeifit’sallright.

我正在聞這條魚(yú)，看看它是否還新鮮。Icansmellsomethingburning.②vi.聞起來(lái)有……氣味，散發(fā)……氣味Yousmellofsoap.

你身上有肥皂味。smell

系動(dòng)詞,接表語(yǔ),接形容詞Thefoodsmeltgood.(不能說(shuō)成“smellwell”,“well”是副詞,身體好才用“well”)taste[]

v.嘗起來(lái)Thefoodsmeltgood,andittastedbetter.sound

v.聽(tīng)起來(lái)feel

v.感到①心理感到Ifeelill.

②用手的感受Theblackbroadfeltcold.感官動(dòng)詞：look，taste，sound，smell，feelYoulookfine.Youlookbetter.Youlookbeautiful.③n.氣味Ican’tstandthesmellinthisroom.★wonderful

adj.極好的Great!(與物相連，口語(yǔ)中用得更多)Excellent![]

adj.卓越的,極好的(與人相連)Sheisanexcellentteacher.Outstanding!

(人)好得站了出來(lái)Brilliant!

[]

adj.燦爛的,閃耀的,有才氣的Fantastic!★campfire

n.營(yíng)火,篝火fire可數(shù)也不可數(shù)(一堆堆的火為可數(shù),爐子里的火為不可數(shù))★creep(crept，crept)

v.爬行(躡手躡腳的)也是平行的爬creepout

躡手躡腳(別人不注意,偷偷摸摸的)climb

v.爬climbthetree，climbupordown(上下爬)crawl

v.平行地爬Thebabyiscrawlingonthefloor.★sleepingbag

睡袋動(dòng)詞加ing變成形容詞作定語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)意思:

①正在……

如：sleepingdogpassingplane

正在路過(guò)的飛機(jī)②用來(lái)做……如：leepingbaglisteningmaterial

聽(tīng)力材料；walkingstick

拐杖★soundly

adv.香甜地sleepsoundly

睡得很甜表示睡覺(jué)的短語(yǔ)：gotobed上床/gotosleep睡覺(jué)/fallasleep墜入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)（fall為半聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞）/sleepwell睡得很好/sleepdeeply睡得很沉/fallfastasleep睡得好香（fastasleep熟睡）★leap

v.跳躍,跳起jump

v.跳jumpupanddown

原地跳躍leap

v.跳躍,有距離(如從溝的這邊跳到另一邊,位置變化)Lookbeforeyouleap.

三思而后行l(wèi)eapyear/month

閏年/月skip

v.課文行的跳過(guò)去，單詞，文章

Letusskipit?★heavily

adv.大量地rain/snowheavily

一般與雨雪連用smokeheavily

煙癮重Hesmokesheavily.★form

v.形成①vi.形成，產(chǎn)生Duringtheconversation,anideaformedinhismind.Iceformswhenitiscoldenough.

如果冷到一定的程度，冰就會(huì)形成。②n.形狀，外形Theicecreamismadeintheformofaball.③n.表格Ifyouwanttoenterforthecompetition,youmustfillintheseforms.如果你想報(bào)名參加比賽，你必須填寫(xiě)這些表格。★wind(wound；wound)

v.蜿蜒

①[]

v.蜿蜒windone'sway蜿蜒而行Theroadwindsitsway.②[]

n.風(fēng)；v.刮風(fēng)★right

adv.正好right做副詞時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)后邊的形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞，可用just來(lái)替換Righthere.

就在這兒“Rightherewaitingforyou”

《在此等候》Ifoundmylostwatchrightinthegraden.

我就在花園里找到了我丟失的手表justlike

正好；

justas

正如后邊加代詞時(shí)只能用just，如：justyou就是你了，不能用“right”代替【Text】Lateintheafternoon,theboysputuptheirtentinthemiddleofafield.Assoonasthiswasdone,theycookedamealoveranopenfire.Theywereallhungryandthefoodsmelledgood.Afterawonderfulmeal,theytoldstoriesandsangsongsbythecampfire.Butsometimelateritbegantorain.Theboysfelttiredsotheyputoutthefireandcreptintotheirtent.Theirsleepingbagswerewarmandcomfortable,sotheyallsleptsoundly.Inthemiddleofthenight,twoboyswokeupandbeganshouting.Thetentwasfullofwater!Theyallleaptoutoftheirsleepingbagsandhurriedoutside.Itwasrainingheavilyandtheyfoundthatastreamhadformedinthefield.Thestreamwounditswayacrossthefieldandthenflowedrightundertheirtent!參考譯文傍晚時(shí)分,孩子們?cè)谔镆爸醒氪钇鹆藥づ?這件事剛剛做完,他們就在篝火上燒起了飯.他們?nèi)拣I了,飯菜散發(fā)出陣陣香味.他們美美地吃了一頓飯后,就圍在營(yíng)火旁講起了故事,唱起了歌.但過(guò)了一陣子.天下起雨來(lái),于是他們撲滅了篝火,鉆進(jìn)了帳篷.睡袋既暖和又舒服,所以,他們都睡得很香.午夜前后,有兩個(gè)孩子醒了,大聲叫了起來(lái).原來(lái)帳篷里到處都是水!他們?nèi)继鏊?跑到外面.雨下得很大,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地上已經(jīng)形成了一條小溪.那小溪彎彎曲曲穿過(guò)田野,然后正好從他們的帳篷底下流過(guò)去.

【課文講解】漢語(yǔ)與英文只有意義的對(duì)等,沒(méi)有字的對(duì)等Myideaisthesameasyours.

我的想法與你一樣的Iagreewithyou.(口語(yǔ))Ithinkso.(口語(yǔ))1、Awetnight英文中表示“濕”的詞：wet，damp，moist(濕的程度減少)wet

adj.濕淋淋的（反義詞是dry）Youarewet.damp

adj.讓人感覺(jué)不太舒服moist[]

adj.潮濕的；n.潮濕，稍濕（給人感覺(jué)舒服，如濕潤(rùn)）moistcake

松軟的蛋糕moisteyes

水靈靈的眼睛dreamyeyes

夢(mèng)幻般的眼睛humid

adj.指氣候比較潮濕2、Lateintheafternoon,theboysputuptheirtentinthemiddleofafield.lateintheafternoon

傍晚earlyinthemorning清早putup=setup

搭建（強(qiáng)調(diào)搭，如搭個(gè)草棚等）build

建（強(qiáng)調(diào)精心設(shè)計(jì)并且建造）buildacar

制造汽車(chē)(一般不用“makeacar”)makeadesk

inthemiddleof

在……當(dāng)中，在……中間（相對(duì)兩邊，既可以用于表示地理位置，又可以用于表示時(shí)間或在某個(gè)過(guò)程當(dāng)中)inthemiddleoftheriver

河中心Heheardsomeoneshoutinginthemiddleofthenight.Marywasinthemiddleofreadingwhenherauntarrived.inthecenterof

在……中心，在……中部/中央（相對(duì)四面，一般用于表示地理位置，腹地）在陸地的腹地用“center”AliceSpringisasmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.

3、Assoonasthiswasdone,theycookedamealoveranopenfire.openfire

在野外生的火,篝火，盆火（指無(wú)遮蓋的、沒(méi)有圍起來(lái)的火）cookameal做一頓飯4、Afterawonderfulmeal,theytoldstoriesandsangsongsbythecampfire.表示“在……之后”的句式：after+從句/doing/n.

afterIarrived=>Aftermyarrival

在我到達(dá)之后whentheplanearrived=>afterthearrivaloftheplane

Afterhisarrival,wehaveaparty.Afterthearrivaloftheflowers,Itookthemandwenttomygirlfriend's.在……旁邊：atthedoor

門(mén)邊,(緊挨著的)sitatthetable桌邊by

在……旁邊，靠近(不會(huì)緊挨著的,但也不會(huì)很遠(yuǎn)，通常指距離非常近)

Comeandsitbyme.

Therearemanytreesbytheriver.nextto

Hesitsnexttome./whoisthenext?

（表示緊鄰著的）thenextdoortomyhouse（nextdoor在隔壁）beside=nextto

與……相鄰nextto/besidethevillagenear

在附近nearthevillage5、Butsometimelateritbegantorain.sometimelater

一段時(shí)間之后sometimeearlier

一段時(shí)間之前sometimeago

一段時(shí)間以前afewhoursearlier

幾小時(shí)前l(fā)ater表示“后來(lái)、以后、過(guò)后”

Hetoldmehewouldcomeagainlater(on).

Imetheragainafewdayslater.6、Theboysfelttiredsotheyputoutthefireandcreptintotheirtent.putout

人為的熄滅火Iputoutthefire.beout

火自動(dòng)熄滅Thefireisout.7、Inthemiddleofthenight,twoboyswokeupandbeganshouting.inthemiddleofthenight=midnightatmidnight

在午夜themid-autumnday

中秋節(jié)wakeup

醒來(lái)（主語(yǔ)自己醒）wakesb.up

喚醒開(kāi)始干某事：begindoing/startdoing/begintodo/starttodo8、Itwasrainingheavilyandtheyfoundthatastreamhadformedinthefield.如果強(qiáng)調(diào)某東西自動(dòng)形成,則可以用主動(dòng)態(tài),如果強(qiáng)調(diào)某東西是人為的,用被動(dòng)態(tài)，在這里riverformed河流是自動(dòng)形成WhenI'mgettingclosetothedoor,thedooropened.

(自動(dòng)門(mén))Thedooropened.

強(qiáng)調(diào)門(mén)自動(dòng)開(kāi)Thedoorwasopened.

門(mén)被打開(kāi),強(qiáng)調(diào)人為的10、Thestreamwounditswayacrossthefieldandthenflowedrightundertheirtent!wind表示“曲折而行”時(shí)，既可以是及物動(dòng)詞，又可以是不及物動(dòng)詞woundone'sway

蜿蜒而行Thecarwoundthroughthevillage.right在此處表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，意為“正好、恰恰、就”，這種用法多見(jiàn)于口語(yǔ)中：

Imethimrighthere.

Hehitthemanrightonthenose.【Composition】Iamverytall(so)(but)Imustbecareful.Doorwaysareoftenlow(and)(but)Iusually(beat)(knock)myheadagainstthem.Myheadalways(hurts)(pains).Ihavenever(met)(recognized)atallarchitect.Haveyou?so，and，knock，hurts，metdoorways

n.門(mén)欄knock/beat：knock大聲地撞；beet持續(xù)的撞擊/打against

prep.相對(duì)作用的力(在政治上叫“反對(duì)”)hurt/pain：身體的某一部位+hurts，表示某一部疼痛；pain表示疼痛的名詞Myhandhurts./Ihaveapaininmyhand.Ihaveapain.meet遇見(jiàn)/recognize認(rèn)出(原來(lái)熟悉再次認(rèn)出的概念)【Letterwriting】信頭各部分的順序如下：門(mén)牌號(hào)碼、街名、城市名稱、地區(qū)、國(guó)家和日期。只有給居住在國(guó)外的人寫(xiě)信時(shí)，才需要寫(xiě)上國(guó)名。地址的每一行都以逗號(hào)結(jié)尾，最后一行用句號(hào)。在日期后面不用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。【SpecialDifficulties】

與put有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：putupwith

容忍，忍受

Ican’tbelievethathecanputupwiththis.putup

①搭建，搭建；

Theyputuptheirtentinthemiddleofafield.②安排住宿，為……提供膳宿，夜宿

It’srainingheavily.Wemustputthemuptonight.

雨下得很大，我們今晚必須為他們安排住宿。putout

撲滅

Theyputoutthefireandcreptintotheirtent.puton

穿上

I’mputtingonmycoat.putaway

把……收好，放好Yourroomisuntidy,putyourthingsaway.Ihaveputawayallmyclothes.putoff

推遲，拖延

Don’tputyourexercisesoffuntiltomorrow.

Themeetinghasbeenputoff.putdown=writedown

記下，寫(xiě)下，記錄下

Haveyouputdowntheboss’swords?【MultipleChoice】6

Theysangsongsbythecampfire.Theysangsongs___b___thecampfire.a.close

b.near

c.besides

d.atbeside在……旁邊；besides除……之外closeto

離……很近(必須要有“to”)closetome

離我很近myclosestfriends

我最親密的朋友9

Theboyshadputoutthecampfire.Thefirewasn't___d___.a.switchedon

b.onfire

c.on

d.alightbeon

上演,亮著的(一般指燈亮著的)What'soninthecinematoday?Thelightswereonlastnight.switch

n.開(kāi)關(guān)；v.用開(kāi)關(guān)Thelightwasswitchedon.

強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)開(kāi)關(guān)打開(kāi)的onfire

起火Thehouseisonfire.

房子起火了alight以a開(kāi)頭的形容詞為表語(yǔ)形容詞Thefirewasout.

火熄滅了Lesson28

Noparking

【Newwordsandexpressions】（7）

rare

adj.罕見(jiàn)的ancient

adj.古代的，古老的myth

n.神話故事trouble

n.麻煩effect

n.結(jié)果，效果Medusa

n.美杜莎（古希臘神話中3位蛇發(fā)女怪這一）Gorgon

n.（古希臘神話）3位蛇發(fā)女怪之一（凡見(jiàn)其貌者都會(huì)變成石頭）★rare

adj.罕見(jiàn)的①adj.罕見(jiàn)的rare

指世界上都少有rareanimal

稀有動(dòng)物；rarebird

珍稀鳥(niǎo)類；rareillness

疑難雜癥scarce[]

adj.缺乏的，不足的，稀有的，不充足的（少有的，表示某個(gè)時(shí)間段或某個(gè)地方少有）Watermelonisscarceinwinter.

（watermelon[]

n.西瓜）②adj.幾乎是生的welldone

全熟medium

adj.半生半熟的

★ancient

adj.古代的,古老的ancientEgypt[][]

古埃及

antique

adj.古代的，古玩，古董，古老而有價(jià)值的antiquefurniture

古董家具★myth

n.神話故事fairy

n.神仙故事★trouble

n.麻煩①n.麻煩I'msorrytoputyouintrouble.

我很抱歉給你帶來(lái)麻煩(口語(yǔ))askfortrouble

自找麻煩Heisaskingfortrouble.havetroubleindoingsth.

在做……時(shí)遇到麻煩（書(shū)面語(yǔ)）Ihavetrouble(in)parkingthecar.=Ihavealotoftroubleparkingthecar.②v.麻煩Woman/Man/Childtroubles.

女人/男人/孩子真麻煩。Nevertroubletroublesuntiltroublestroubleyou.

永遠(yuǎn)不要自尋煩惱Letsleepingdoglie.

不要自找麻煩(letsb.dosth.)★effect

n.結(jié)果,效果haveaneffect

有效果havenoeffect

沒(méi)有效果haveeffecton

對(duì)……有效果Theadvicehasnoeffectonme.【Text】JasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelieveinancientmyths.Hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,buteversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.Whenhereturnshomeatnight,healwaysfindsthatsomeonehasparkedacaroutsidehisgate.Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintohisgarageevenonce.Jasperhasputup'NoParking'signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.Nowhehasputanuglystoneheadoverthegate.ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.IaskedhimwhatitwasandhetoldmethatitwasMedusa,theGorgon.Jasperhopesthatshewillturncarsandtheirownerstostone.Butnoneofthemhasbeenturnedtostoneyet!參考譯文賈斯珀.懷特是少有的相信古代神話的人之一.他剛在城里買(mǎi)下一所新房子,但自從搬進(jìn)去后,就和汽車(chē)及車(chē)主們發(fā)生了磨擦.當(dāng)他夜里回到家時(shí),總是發(fā)現(xiàn)有人把車(chē)停在他家大門(mén)外.為此,他甚至一次也沒(méi)能把自己的車(chē)開(kāi)進(jìn)車(chē)庫(kù).賈斯珀曾把幾塊“禁止停車(chē)”的牌子掛在大門(mén)外邊,但沒(méi)有任何效果.現(xiàn)在他把一個(gè)丑陋的石雕頭像放在了大門(mén)上邊,這是我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最丑陋的頭像之一.我問(wèn)他那是什么?他告訴我那是蛇發(fā)女怪美杜莎.賈斯珀希望她把汽車(chē)和車(chē)主們都變成石頭.但到目前為止還沒(méi)有一個(gè)變成石頭呢!【課文講解】1、JasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelieveinancientmyths.oneof+名詞/代詞

其中之一（of后面的名詞必須是復(fù)數(shù)，但與這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)連用的動(dòng)詞必須是單數(shù)）Oneofyourfriendsiswaitingforyounow.如果在定語(yǔ)從句中出現(xiàn)了oneof作為先行詞,它后邊的關(guān)系代詞指代的是后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞；如果在oneof前面還有一修飾詞(the)only,那么后邊的關(guān)系代詞將指代one這個(gè)詞,才作單數(shù)看Heistheonlyoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.oneof直接作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,它是做單數(shù)看待的Oneoftheanswersisture.Oneofthosepeopleisgood.believe

vt.相信，認(rèn)為Doyoubelievethatcatseatgrass?believein

信任，信賴（人格、力量等）；信仰；相信……的存在，相信……的價(jià)值

IbelieveinGod.

我信仰上帝。

I’veneverbelievedinJohn.

2、Hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,buteversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.eversince=since

從那以后一直（eversince的語(yǔ)氣比since強(qiáng)，主句一般用完成時(shí)）

I’vebeeninterestedinflyingeversinceIwasaboy.

Heleftthevillagelastyearandhasneverreturnedeversince.havetroubledoing

做……有麻煩havetroublewithsb.

和某人相處有麻煩Ihavetroublewithmyroommate.3、Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintohisgarageevenonce.because只能作連詞用，后面接從句

Youcan’trememberhisname,becauseyouaren’treallythinking.becauseof

由于，介詞短語(yǔ)，后面不可以跟從句，只能跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞“-ing”

Hecamebackearlybecauseoftherain.beableto的主語(yǔ)一般都是人,表示有能力去做；can表示天生的或?qū)W到的能力時(shí)，只能用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)（could），而不可用于將來(lái)時(shí)。將來(lái)時(shí)中表示能力時(shí)必須用beableto。在現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)中，can/could與beableto一般可以互換，在完成時(shí)中一般用beableto。

Tomisonly9monthsoldandheisalreadyabletostandup.

I’llbeabletopassmydrivingtestafterI’vehadafewlessons.getsth.into

把……弄進(jìn)gethiscarintohisgaragedrivethecarinto

把車(chē)子撞上……Idrovethecarintothewall/tree.evenonce

甚至一次（even起強(qiáng)調(diào)）4、ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.“Ihaveeverseen”做定語(yǔ)從句,修飾前邊的faces如果關(guān)系詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ),關(guān)系詞可以省略,所以I前的which被省略ThisisthemostdifficultthingIhaveeverdone.ThisisthemostterriblenewsIhaveeverheard.有兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)一定用最高級(jí)：of+范圍

ofallthestudentsin+地點(diǎn)Heisthetallestintheroom.5、Jasperhopesthatshewillturncarsandtheirownerstostone.hope的后面加that從句turnsth.to…

把前者變成后者turntheprincetoafrog

Hewasturnedtoafrog.Theyhaveturnedthefamousbeautyspotto/intoanuglyplace.6、Butnoneofthemhasbeenturnedtostoneyet!noneof，neitherof做主語(yǔ)時(shí)做單數(shù)看待【Composition】Mywife(drives)(leads)acar.Shehas(driven)(ridden)acarformanyyears(and)(but)shesaysthatwomendrivers(donotdeserve)(arenotworth)theirbadreputation.Yet,ontheroad,sheoften(criticizes)(judges)otherwomendrivers.drives/driven/and/donotdeserve/criticizesreputation[]n.名譽(yù),名聲judge[]n.法官,審判員,裁判員,鑒賞家,鑒定人,(J-)最高的審判者vt.審理,鑒定,判斷,判決,斷定,認(rèn)為vi.下判斷,作評(píng)價(jià)【Keystructures】Whthashappened?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和副詞短語(yǔ)：before(now)，sofar，upto/tillnow，just，already，now，ever，never，since和for等，since一般與一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用，for一般與時(shí)間段連用。【SpecialDifficulties】

關(guān)系從句及關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系從句又可稱為定語(yǔ)從句或形容詞從句，它像形容詞一樣可以形容人、物及事件。關(guān)系從句可分為限定性關(guān)系從句（不帶逗號(hào)）和非限定性關(guān)系從句（帶逗號(hào)）。表示人的關(guān)系代詞：who，whom，that，whose（口語(yǔ)中whom經(jīng)常由who代替）表示事物和動(dòng)物的關(guān)系代詞：which，that關(guān)系代詞可以有四個(gè)概念:

①代人的,做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)who，只做賓語(yǔ)的whom②代物的,做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)

which③代人的也可以代物的

做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)that④whose其代表的東西由其在句子中的成分決定(不一定指人)關(guān)系代詞后面要加從句，先行詞放在定語(yǔ)從句前面,而且是兩句話共同含有的詞,還是被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞Ihaveabookthat/whichhelikes.(“book”為先行詞“that/which”為關(guān)系代詞)關(guān)系代詞有兩個(gè)功能:一是承上,一是啟下(如上句中的“book”作從句的賓語(yǔ))Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismybrother.IcandoanythingthatIcando.

我愿意做我力所能及的事情來(lái)幫助你Theboatwhosenameis...Ihaveahousewhosewindowsarebroken.

我有一個(gè)房子,房子的窗戶都破了.關(guān)系代詞在關(guān)系從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)往往可以省略，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則不可以。

Themillionairewhosesonranawayfromhomeaweekagoisnotakinkfather.whose后面一定要加一個(gè)名詞,然后這個(gè)部分共同做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)Theboywhosesisterisstandingatthedoorismybrother.

妹妹站在門(mén)口的男孩是我弟弟Thepilotwhoseplanelandedinafieldwasnothurt.把飛機(jī)降落在田里的飛行員沒(méi)有受傷HeistherightpersonIamlookingfor.Exersise(在需要的地方填上who,which,that或whose)1Theonlygames______Iplayarefootballandtennis.不填

（如果要填只能是that,在從句中作賓語(yǔ)可省略）先行詞如果用only,序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級(jí)修飾,其后邊的關(guān)系詞只用that4Thisisthehotelat______wearestaying.which

句中的“at”原來(lái)在“staying”的后邊介詞后加物的話,只加which,加人的話,用whom,都不可用that,who也不能Sheisthegirlwho/whom/thatIstayedwith.(句中“who/whom/that”可省略)SheisthegirlwithwhomIstayed.ThatisthehouseinwhichIlive.6Thatisthehorse______wontherace.which選which,不能用that，句子中用詞避免重復(fù),句首已有了一個(gè)“that”,故選“which”而不是“that”

Whoisthemanthatishelpingyou?

誰(shuí)是那個(gè)正在幫助你的人?（不用“who”避免重復(fù)）7Heisthesortofperson______everyoneadmires.不填person是先行詞,在從句中做賓語(yǔ)【Multiplechoicequestions】6.ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.I'veneverseen___d___a.anuglyone

b.anugliestone

c.theugliestone

d.anuglierone比較級(jí)來(lái)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的概念：betterthananythingelse最好Theteacheristhetallestintheroom.Theteacheristallerthananyoneelseintheroom.Ihaveneverseenatallerone.Ihaveneverboughtamoreexpensiveone.ThisisthecleaneststreetIhaveeverseen.

這是我所見(jiàn)過(guò)的最干凈的街道了.

7

___b___ofthemhasbeenturnedtostone.a.Noone

b.Notone

c.No

d.Evenoneno是形容詞,后加名詞noone=nobody(“nobody”指的是人,它將“cars”排除了是不對(duì)的)，不定代詞后不用of可以用的有:neitherof/noneof/bothof/allofnoneof=notoneof9

Heisarareperson.You___c___meetsuchpeople.a.often

b.never

c.seldom

d.sometimesrarely=seldom幾乎不做rarely[]

adv.很少地,罕有地

seldom[]

adv.很少,不常10

Notallcarownersaregood___d___.a.guides

b.conductors

c.leaders

d.driversnotall不是所有的（部分否定概念）Notallstudentsaregood.Notallchildrenarenaughty.12

Thesignshaven'thadanyeffect.Theyhaven't___a___anyone.a.affected

b.effected

c.resultedin

d.imposedeffect

n.影響haveeffect

有效果affect

v.影響Lesson29

Taxi!

【Newwordsandexpressions】（10）

taxi

n.出租汽車(chē)PilatusPorter

皮勒特斯波特（飛機(jī)名）land

v.著陸(不及物)plough

v.耕地lonely

adj.

偏僻的,人跡罕見(jiàn)的(地方)Welsh

adj.威爾士的roof

n.樓頂

(從外面看)block

n.塊,一座大樓flat

n.公寓房desert

v.廢棄★taxi

n.出租汽車(chē)taxidriver

出租車(chē)司機(jī)takeataxi，takeabus，takealift★land

vi.著陸

Whoseplanelandedinthefield?★plough[]

v.耕地plough

n.梨；v.耕,犁,犁耕,費(fèi)力穿過(guò),艱苦前進(jìn),在考試中淘汰farm

n.農(nóng)田，家場(chǎng)★lonely

adj.偏僻的,人跡罕見(jiàn)的(地方)

lonely

adj.孤獨(dú)的,孤僻的(人)

Shefeltlonely.

她感到孤獨(dú)（主觀）alone[]

adj.單獨(dú)的,獨(dú)一無(wú)二的,孤獨(dú)的,獨(dú)自的；adv.獨(dú)自地Sheisalone.

她獨(dú)自一個(gè)人（事實(shí),客觀）★roof

n.樓頂（從外面看）raisetheroof

v.喧鬧,大聲抱怨ceiling

n.天花板（從里面看）hittheceiling

勃然大怒,暴跳如雷,怒發(fā)沖冠（美口語(yǔ)）★block

n.塊,一座大樓★flat

n.公寓房ablockofflats

公寓樓(英國(guó)英語(yǔ))ablockofapartments

公寓樓(美語(yǔ)，apartment

n.公寓)officeblock

辦公樓寫(xiě)字樓★desert[]

v.廢棄①[]

v.廢棄desertthehouse=lettheroomempty②[]

n.沙漠,不毛之地【Text】CaptainBenFawcetthasboughtanunusualtaxiandhasbegunanewservice.The'taxi'isasmallSwissaeroplanecalleda'PilatusPorter'.Thiswonderfulplanecancarrysevenpassengers.Themostsurprisingthingaboutit,however,isthatitcanlandanywhere:onsnow,water,orevenonaploughedfield.CaptainFawcett'sfirstpassengerwasadoctorwhoflewfromBirminghamtoalonelyvillageintheWelshmountains.Sincethen,CaptainFawcetthasflownpassengerstomanyunusualplaces.Oncehelandedontheroofofablockofflatsandonanotheroccasion,helandedinadesertedcarpark.CaptainFawcetthasjustrefusedastrangerequestfromabusinessman.ThemanwantedtoflytoRockall,alonelyislandintheAtlanticOcean,butCaptainFawcettdidnottakehimbecausethetripwastoodangerous.參考譯文本.弗西特機(jī)長(zhǎng)買(mǎi)了一輛不同尋常的出租汽車(chē),并開(kāi)始了一項(xiàng)新的業(yè)務(wù).這輛“出租汽車(chē)”是一架小型瑞士飛機(jī),叫“皮勒特斯.波特”號(hào).這架奇妙的飛機(jī)可以載7名乘客.然而,最令人驚奇的是它能夠在任何地方降落:雪地上,水面上,甚至剛耕過(guò)的田里.弗西特機(jī)長(zhǎng)的第一名乘客是位醫(yī)生,他從伯明翰飛往威爾士山區(qū)一個(gè)偏僻的村莊.從那時(shí)開(kāi)始,弗西特機(jī)長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)載送乘客到過(guò)許多不尋常的地方.一次,他把飛機(jī)降落在了一棟公寓樓的屋頂上;還有一次,降落在了一個(gè)廢棄的停車(chē)場(chǎng)上.弗西特機(jī)長(zhǎng)剛剛拒絕了一位商人的奇怪要求.這個(gè)人想要飛往大西洋上的一個(gè)孤島--羅卡爾島,弗西特機(jī)長(zhǎng)之所以不送他去,是因?yàn)槟嵌物w行太危險(xiǎn)了.

【課文講解】1、The'taxi'isasmallSwissaeroplanecalleda'PilatusPorter'.calleda‘PilatusPorter’是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),作aeroplane的定語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放在所修飾的名詞/代詞之后，而一個(gè)單獨(dú)的分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則往往放在所修飾的名詞/代詞前面。Helandedinadesertedcarpark.araceacrosstheAtlantic

callsb.sth.

叫某人……becalled

被稱為……Theinstrumentwascalledaclavichord.過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)是作為被動(dòng)狀態(tài)來(lái)翻譯的Ihaveaninstrumentcalledaclavichord.aploughedfield

被耕過(guò)的田；adesertedcarpark

被廢棄的車(chē)場(chǎng)writtenEnglish

書(shū)面語(yǔ)

；spokenEnglish

口語(yǔ)colloquiallanguage

口語(yǔ)

2、Themostsurprisingthingaboutit,however,isthatitcanlandanywhere:onsnow,water,orevenonaploughedfield.that從句在此處是表語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可省略；定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。Themostsurprisingthingisthat…

（surprising可以由其它詞替換）Themostexcitingthingisthatwecanwinthefootballmatch.ThehappiestthingisthatIcanvisit/see/(staywith)motherduringtheSpringFestival.

(theSpringFestival

春節(jié))Toone’ssurprise,…

3、Sincethen,CaptainFawcetthasflownpassengerstomanyunusualplaces.sincethen

從那時(shí)起（強(qiáng)調(diào)起點(diǎn)）sofar=uptonow

強(qiáng)調(diào)終點(diǎn)★fly

①vi.飛，飛行Theaeroplaneisflyingovertheriver.②vt.空運(yùn)（乘客）flysb./sth.To…

開(kāi)飛機(jī)送某人/物去……

HehasflownhiscartoFrance.drivesb.to…

開(kāi)車(chē)送某人去……MyfrienddrovemetoTianjin.4、Oncehelandedontheroofofablockofflatsandonanotheroccasion,helandedinadesertedcarpark.once…andonanotheroccasion

一次……還有一次……OnceImethimonthestreetandonanotheroccasionImethiminthelibrary.5、CaptainFawcetthasjustrefusedastrangerequestfromabusinessman.requestfromsb.

來(lái)自某人的請(qǐng)求requestforsth.

要求得到6、ThemanwantedtoflytoRockall,alonelyislandintheAtlanticOcean,butCaptainFawcettdidnottakehimbecausethetripwastoodangerous.takesb.to…

送某人……too在副詞或形容詞前表示否定含義，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度大到了人們不愿去做tooexpensive

太貴了（買(mǎi)不起）very強(qiáng)調(diào)程度深Youareverykind.veryexpensive

很貴，但買(mǎi)得起dangerous[]

adj.危險(xiǎn)的【Composition】Theplane(notonly)(neither)(flew)(threw)closetotheriver,(but)(or)alsoflewunderabridge.(Then)(However)it(climbed)(ran)intotheair.Thepeopleonthebridge(waved)