Unit1Alandofdiversity高考英語一輪復習基礎知識梳理1考點探究演練2單元語法3基礎知識鞏固5課時作業5高考真題對接4基礎知識梳理Ⅰ.單詞速記A．識記單詞1．__________(n.)手段；方法2．__________(n.)(人口、貿易的)繁榮

(vi.)處于經濟迅速發展時期3．__________(n.)海關；關稅；進口稅4．__________(vi.)發生；出現5．__________(vt.)指出；標示；表明；暗示6．__________(n.)行李meansboomcustomsoccurindicateluggage7．__________(vi.)滑動；滑行；滑跤

(n.)滑動；滑倒8．__________(vt.&n．)租用；雇用9．__________(adv.)無處；到處都無10．__________(vt.&vi.)改革；革新

(n.)改革；改造；改良11．__________(vt.&n．)抓住；抓緊；掌握；領會sliphirenowherereformgraspB．聯想串記12．__________(adj.)清晰的；明顯的；明確的→____________(n.)差別；區分；卓著13．__________(n.)大多數；大半→____________(n.)少數14．__________(vt.)選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人→____________(n.)選舉distinctdistinctionmajorityminorityelectelection15．__________(n.)申請人→____________(vi.)申請→____________(n.)申請書；申請16．__________(adj.)顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的→____________(adv.)顯然地；顯而易見地applicantapplyapplicationapparentapparentlyⅡ.短語互譯1．繼續存在；繼續生存 ________________2．用……方法；借助…… ________________3．習慣于新的生活方式、工作等 ________________4．堅持；維持；沿襲(風俗、傳統等)________________5．背靠背 ________________liveonbymeansof...makealifekeepupbacktoback6．teamupwith ________________________7．markout ________________________8．takein ________________9．agreat/goodmany ________________10．applyfor ________________與……合作或一起工作用線畫出范圍；標出……界線包括；吸收許多；很多申請；請示得到Ⅲ.典句析練1．Itislikelythat...很可能……However,________________(很可能)NativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.【仿寫】很可能今晚她會給我打電話。___________________________________________.2．why引導的表語從句，表示“……的原因”________________(那就是為什么)todayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.【仿寫】這就是她最終改變想法的原因。___________________________________________.3．過去分詞作原因狀語Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld,________________(被吸引)theclimateandthelifestyle,stillimmigratetoCalifornia.【仿寫】因為害怕老虎，他不敢單獨睡覺。________________，hedidn'tdaretosleepalone.4．It作形式主語的主語從句________________(人們認為)beforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.【仿寫】人們認為地球正變得越來越暖和。________________theEarthisbecomingwarmerandwarmer.答案：1.itislikelythat；Itislikelythatshe'llringmetonight.2．Thatiswhy;Thisiswhyshechangedhermindatlast.3．attractedby；Frightenedbythetiger4．Itisbelievedthat；Itisthought/believedthatⅣ.課文縮寫語法填空CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAwiththemostdevelopedeconomy.15,000yearsago,thefirst__1__(settle)crossedtheBeringStraitfromAsiaandarrivedinCalifornia.TheNativeAmericanssufferedgreatlyafterthe__2__(arrive)ofEuropeansinthe16thcentury.Inthe18thcentury，California__3__(rule)bySpainuntil1821whenthepeopleofMexicogainedtheir__4__(depend)fromSpain.CaliforniathenbecamepartofMexico.But__5__theAmerican-Mexicanwarin1846，CaliforniawasgivenbacktotheUSA．In1848,inCaliforniaGoldwasdiscovered，__6__attractedpeoplefromallovertheworldtoarrivetheretoachievetheirdreamsof__7__(become)rich.In1850，Californiabecame__8__31ststateoftheUSAasamulticulturalsociety.__9__(attract)bytheclimateandlifestyle，moreandmorepeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavebeenimmigratingtoCalifornia，__10__(include)Asians,Africans,AmericansandEuropeans.

答案：1.settlers

2.arrival

3.wasruled

4.independence 5．after

6.which

7.becoming

8.the

9.Attracted

10.including考點探究演練1.meansn．手段；方法必會bymeansof...用……方法；借助……bythismeans用這種方法byallmeans務必，一定，當然可以byanymeans無論如何，以一切可能的手段bynomeans絕不，無論如何也不(位于句首，句子需用部分倒裝)①Televisionis________________________ofcommunication.電視是一種有效的通信手段。②Thewatercanbecarried________________________apipe.水可以用管子輸送。③Thebicycleherodewasnot________________________thekindmoderncyclistswouldwanttobeseenridingon.他騎的自行車是現代騎自行車的人絕不愿意被人看到的那種車。④I'vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.But________________________aremyparentssatisfiedwithmyprogress.為了提高英語水平，我已盡力了。但父母對我的進步一點也不滿意。[巧學助記]means表示“方式，方法”時，單復數同形，當means作主語且有every,each等修飾時，謂語動詞用單數；當由some,several,few,many等修飾時，謂語動詞用復數。答案：①aneffectivemeans

②bymeansof

③byanymeans

④bynomeans2．majorityn．大多數；大半[教材原句]OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(P2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責是向原居住人民傳授天主教。必會(1)a/themajorityof...大多數beina/themajority構成大多數/大部分(2)majoradj.主要的vi.專修；主攻majorin主修(3)minorityn．少數；少數派/人

①Atthemeeting,youngpeople________________________________.在會上，年輕人占大多數。②________________________peoplevotedforhimintheelection.大多數人在選舉中投了他的票。③Whatsubjectdidyou________________whenyouwereinuniversity?你在大學主修的科目是什么？[名師點撥]①當a/themajorityof...作主語時，謂語動詞的數與of后的名詞保持一致。②當themajority單獨作主語時，謂語動詞用單復數都可以。答案：①wereina/themajority

②Themajorityof

③majorin3．occurvi.發生；出現[教材原句]Yes.Itdidn'toccurtomethat...(P5)是的，我沒想到……①Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhen________________________.我正在街道上找地方停車的時候，事故發生了。②Hisnamejustdidnot________________mymemory.我就是想不起來他的名字。③Ithadnever________________________________hemightbefallinginlovewithher.他從未想過自己會愛上她。[名師點撥]occur常與介詞to搭配，相當于動詞happen，不能用于被動語態。答案：①theaccidentoccurred

②occurto

③occurredtohimthat4．indicatevt.指出；標示；表明；暗示[教材原句]Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.(P7)試著用上面的表達表明你在認真聽同伴的講述。必會(1)indicatesth.(tosb.)指示；指出；標示indicatethat/wh-clause表示……；示意……(2)indicationn．暗示；表示；預兆

①Iaskedhimwherethenewschoolwasandhe________theroadahead.我問他新學校在哪里，他指給我前面那條路。②Hisattitude________thatheisnotveryhappywithwhatyouaredoing.他的態度暗示他對你的所作所為很不高興。答案：①indicated

②indicates1.liveon(P1)繼續存在；繼續生存；靠……生活①Aftertheearthquake,theoldcouple________________withtheirgrandsons.地震后，這對老夫婦和他們的孫子繼續活下去。②Theminorityintheprimitiveforestusedto________________adietofwildanimals.原始森林里的少數民族過去以野獸作為主食。[名師點撥]在“liveon”詞組中，on為副詞，意為“繼續生存下去”，在“liveonsth.”詞組中，on為介詞，意為“靠……生活”。答案：①liveon

②liveon2．keepup保持；維持；沿襲(風俗、傳統等)[教材原句]...whichtodaystillkeeps_uptheirDanishculture.(P2)……今天它仍然沿襲著丹麥文化。觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的含義①Manypeoplekeepupthisoldtradition.(

)②Thewetweatherwillkeepupforthreedays.(

)③Thehighcostofbuildingmaterialskeepsthehousepriceup.(

)④Thehelpofherfriendskeptherup.(

)⑤Wehavetoworkhardtokeepupwiththeseexcellentstudents.為了跟上這些優秀學生，我們得努力學習。答案：①沿襲②維持③居高不下④使不倒下必會keepupwith跟上，不落后；與……并肩keepupone'sspirits振作精神

3．takein包括；吸收；理解；欺騙[教材原句]It'sa79kmround-tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.(P8)這是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵蓋了所有著名的旅游景點。必會takeapart拆開；剖析takedown拿下；記下takeup從事；繼續；拿起；占據takeover接管takeoff起飛；脫下；離開takeon承擔；呈現

觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的含義①Thepricetakesinthecostofalltheaccommodationandfood.(

)②Theoldladywashomeless,soItookherin.(

)③Womenareoftentakeninbyproductsforlosingweight.(

)④Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteachersaidinclass.(

)⑤Itissaidthatblacktakesinmoreheatthanwhite.(

)⑥ThedresswasbigsoIhadtotakeinatthewaist.(

)答案：①包括②留宿③上當；受騙④理解⑤吸收⑥改小4．agreatmany很多，許多(修飾可數名詞)①Thecountryhas________________________problemsthatneedurgentattention.該國有許許多多急需關注的問題。②Nowadays________________________teenagersareaddictedtoplayingcomputergames,whichmakestheirparentsveryworried.當今許多青少年迷戀玩電腦游戲，這使他們的父母非常擔心。[名師點撥]agood/greatmany后接復數名詞，但agood/greatmany后接of時，必須或者后接代詞加限定詞，如these/those/the/one's等，然后再加名詞復數。③Itseemsthatagreat/goodmanyofthemareoutofworknow.似乎他們中的許多人現在都失業了。④Agoodmanyofthe/thosestudentsinourclasshavepassedtheexam.我們班中有很多學生通過了考試。答案：①agreatmany

②agreatmany“Itisbelievedthat...”句式[教材原句]Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(P3)人們認為，過不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會如此之大，以至于不可能存在明顯的主要的種族和文化群體，而是一個多種族、多文化的混合體。[方法規律]Itisbelievedthat...人們認為……。在該句型中，it是形式主語，that引導主語從句。[名師點撥](1)Itissaidthat...據說……Itisreportedthat...據報道……Itishopedthat...人們希望……Itisthoughtthat...大家認為……Itiswellknownthat...眾所周知……(2)“Itbe＋過去分詞＋that從句”可以改寫為：“從句主語＋be＋過去分詞＋不定式”。①人們普遍認為信息技術既有優點也有缺點。__________________IThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.②據說中國時髦熱詞“tuhao(土豪)”明年有望被收入《牛津英語詞典》。__________________China'snewbuzzword,tuhao,maybeinnextyear'sOxfordEnglishDictionary.③________________________________，“Selfie”isnamedthe2013officialwordoftheyear.＝“Selfie”________________________benamedthe2013officialwordoftheyear.據報道“自拍”成為2013年的年度熱詞。答案：①Itisgenerallybelieved/thoughtthat

②Itissaidthat③Itisreportedthat；isreportedto單元語法名詞性從句1．Thebestmomentwas________theChineseplayerscoredthewinninggoal.答案：when考查表語從句。句意為：最精彩的時刻是中國隊選手贏得決勝球時。when表示“在……時候，在……情況下”，用于談論某個時間或某種情況。2．________MoYanhadbeenawardedthe2012NobelPrizeforLiteraturemadeusveryproud.答案：That考查名詞性從句。句意為：莫言獲得2012年諾貝爾文學獎讓我們感到非常自豪。分析句子成分可知，made是謂語動詞，us是賓語，veryproud是賓語補足語，因此________MoYanhadbeenawardedthe2012NobelPrizeforLiterature是主語從句，并在句中作主語，主語從句成分齊全，因此用that作引導詞，不作句子成分，只起連接作用。3．Ithasn'tbeenmadeclear________thenewundergroundlineistobeopentotraffic.答案：when考查名詞性從句。句意為：新的地鐵線路何時開放還不清楚。句中it是形式主語，空處引導的是主語從句。根據句意可知用when。4．Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee________itgotanybetter.答案：if/whether考查賓語從句。句意為：一開始他不喜歡這份新工作，但決定給自己幾個月的時間看看情況會不會有所好轉。5．CanIhaveawordwith________isinchargeoftheguestroomdepartment?答案：whoever考查賓語從句。此處with之后為介詞的賓語從句，whoever作賓語從句的主語。句意為：我能和負責客房部的人談談嗎？高考真題對接