2023年中考英語新熱點時文閱讀-科技發展

題型主要內容

1閱讀理解介紹了應用在北京2022年冬奧會上的高科技設備及給運動員帶來的好處。

閱讀理解

2介紹了嫦娥5號帶回了進過太空環境誘變的種子，并介紹了相關的太空育種

知識。

3閱讀理解介紹了疫情期間，面部識別系統的創新，能夠通過眼睛來識別不同的人。

4閱讀理解介紹了仿生眼研究的情況和其發展前景，這一切都是為了使盲人能夠重新看

到世界。

5閱讀還原5選5介紹了北京冬季奧運會使用的一些高科技。

01

（2022?廣西?三模）TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswerenotonlyasportingeventbutalsoashow

forscienceandtechnology.Hightechgear（設備）ishelpingathletesbecome"faster,higher,stronger”.Let's

lookatsome.

TheNationalSpeedSkatingOvalissaidtohave“thefastestice”,as12newOlympic

Thefastestrecordsandoneworldrecordweresetthere.Thesecretisnewice-makingtechnology.

iceLiquidcarbondioxide（液體二氧化碳）isputundertheicetokeeptemperaturechangeson

theicesurfaceinhalfadegree.Thatkeepstheiceflat.

Ineventslikefreestyleskiing,skijumping,thedirectionandspeedofthewindcan

“Seeing”haveabigeffectonanathlete'sperformance.AChineseresearchteamdevelopsasystem

thewindtomeasure（測量）wind.ThesystemusesAItechnology.Itallowsathletesandcoachesto

“see"windwithreal-timedataontheirpads,anddecidewhenandwheretojump.

AsCOVID-19canspreadthroughtheair,cleanairiskeytokeepingfans,workersand

Freshairathletessafeandhealthy.TheWinterOlympicsuselargeairpurifiers（凈化器）tocatchand

killbacteriaintheairandmakesurethatclosedvenuesalwayshavefreshair.

SmartAwearablethermometer（溫度計）canmeasurethebodytemperaturesoffansand

“Bandathletes.Peoplecanwearitontheirupperarmstomonitor（監測）theirtemperatureinreal

Aid”time.Itwillsendawarningifsomebody'sbodytemperaturegoeshigherthan37.3degrees.

1.Howmanykindsofnewhigh-techgearsarementionedinthispassage?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

2.Whicheventisn'taffectedbythedirectionandspeedofthewindaccordingtothispassage?

A.FreestyleskiingB.CurlingC.RunningD.Skijumping

3.Whatdoestheunlinedword-bacteria"mean?

A.昆蟲B.細菌C.植物D.灰塵

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Hightechgear（設備）ishelpingathletesbecome"faster,higher,stronger^^.

B.Thesecretofsetting12newworldrecordsisanewice-makingtechnology.

C.WiththehelpofAItechnology,athletescan"see"thewind.

D.Thewearablethermometerwillsendawarningwhentemperatureishigherthan38.3degrees.

5.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.Anewice-makingtechnologyhelpsathletesdobetter.

B.Largeairpurifierscanhelpfans,workersathleteskeephealthy.

C.Awearablethermometercanmeasurethebodytemperaturesofathletes.

D.High-techhelpathletesperformbetterattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.

02

（2022?湖北武漢?二模）Chang'e5completeditstasksuccessfullyin23days,notonlydiditreturn

withvaluablerockandsoilsamplesfromthemoon,butalsobroughtbackagroupofseedsthattraveledthe

furthestinChina.Morethan30kindsofseeds,includingthatofrice,oatsetc.,wereplacedinsidetheChang'e

5spacecraftandwentaroundthemoonforabout15days.

Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterthetask.Thistaskofferedgood

opportunitiestoscientists,whichhelpedthemtodeepentheirstudiesontheeffectofcosmicrays（宇宙射

線）onthegrowthanddevelopmentoflifeonEarth.

Space-basedmutationbreeding（太空誘變育種）referstotheprocessofplacingseedsinthe

environmentsuchasmicrogravity（微重力），vacuums（真空）andcosmicradiation（宇宙輻射）duringa

spaceflightandthensendingthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudyandplanting.Scientistsstudyandexamine

severalgenerationsofplantsgrownfromseedswhichwentintothespaceandstudytheirchanges-someare

desirablewhileothersarebadandnegative.Thosewithgoodchangeswillbekeptforfurtherresearch,and

willbeintroducedtofarmersaftergettingpermission.

Spacebreeding（育種）canmaketheseedschangefasterthantheexperimentsontheearthandcanbring

aboutsomewonderfulresults.Comparedwiththetraditionalmethods,space-developedmethodscanmake

theseedsgrowmuchbetter,suchashavingshortergrowthperiodsandhavingmorepowertofightagainst

diseasesandinsect.

Chinadiditsfirstspacebreedingexperimentin1987,usingasatellitetocarryseedsintospace.Since

then,hundredsofkindsofseedsandseedlingshavetraveledwithdozensofChinesespaceships.Space

breedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenallowed

tobeplantedacrossthecountryfromgrainstovegetablesandfruits.

TheChang'e5broughtback15731gramsofmoon'srockandsoiltoEarth,showingahistoric

achievement44yearsafterthelastmoon'srockandsoilweretakenback.

6.WhyweretheseedsplacedinsideChang'e5?

A.Topickoutthebestseeds.

B.Tounderstandtheenvironmentofthespace.

C.Tostudythecosmicrays.

D.Toputtheminaspecialenvironment.

7.Theunderlinedword“desirable“inparagraph3isprobablyclosesttoinmeaning.

A.worseB.goodC.uselessD.correct

8.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Chang'e5flewaroundthemoonfbrabout23days.

B.Chinawasthefirsttodoaspacebreedingexperiment.

C.Itissometimesinceseedswerelasttakenintospace.

D.Spacebreedingisgoodforfarming.

9.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat.

A.spacebreedingisthebestwaytodeveloptheseeds

B.Chinaisthefirstcountrytodospacebreedingexperiment

C.Chinawillspendmoretimeandenergyonspacebreeding

D.Chang'e5spacecraftwillflytothemoonagain

10.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Chang'e5ReturnswithaBigPackage

B.Space-bredSeedsOfferGreatChances

C.PlantMutationsResultinaBetterLife

D.SeedsfromSpaceShowaNewHistory

03

（2022?河南省實驗中學三模）Facial-recognitioncamerasareeverywhere-eveninyoursmartphone.

Manypeopleusethistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoors,ormakequickpayments.Butthereisa

problemduringtheepidemic（疫情）：everyonewearsmasks.Whataheadache!

Scientistsaretryingtosolvethisproblem.Forexample,EngineeringandTechnology（E&T）magazine

reportsthatHanwang,atechcompanyinBeijing,hasmadeanewsystem.Itcanrecognize（辨認）95%of

peoplewhentheywearmasks.

Whafsthesecret?It'sallaboutyoureyes.MariosSawidesfromCarnegieMellonUniversitystudies

facial-recognition.Aswegetolder,hesays,ourfaceschangeshape.Buttheareaaroundoureyesdoesn'tIt

staysthesame-evenifweputonweight.Aslongasthereareenoughdatafromtheareaofoureyes,the

camerascanrecognizeus.

Tech5isanotherfacial-recognitioncompany.TheSwisscompany'sproductsscan（掃描）theshapeof

yourface.Theyalsoscanyouriris,whichisthecoloredpartofyoureyes.Tech5hopestoignore（忽略）all

ofthefacebelowthenose.

Thiskindofsoftwareismoreimportantthanjustunlockingyourphone."Itcandiscovercriminals,even

whentheywearmasks,“saidHuangLeifromHanwang.Hanwang'stechnologyisusedbyChinesepolicein

placeslikesubwaystationsandairports.SimilartechnologyisusedbytheUnitedStatesAirForce.

Huangpointedoutonebigweakness:itfailswhenpeoplewearbothamaskandsunglasses.<4Inthis

situation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,,,LeisaidtoE&T.

根據材料內容，選擇最佳答案。

11.Atpresent,whatcanfacial-recognitiontechnologybeusedfor?

A.Takingphotos.B.Shuttingdoors.C.Payingforthings.D.Lockingsmartphones.

12.Whichofthefollowingisapictureofamask?

A.自BO。后戈

13.Whatistheproblemwiththistechnologyduringtheepidemic?

A.Itdoesn'tworkwhenpeoplewearmasks.B.Itcausestroubletopeople'sfaces.

C.Itbringspeopleheadachesallthetime.D.Itgivespersonalinformationtothebad.

14.Whyareeyesthekeytosolvingrecognitionproblems?

A.Becauseeyesnevergetold.

B.Becauseeyeshavebrightcolors.

C.Becausetheareaaroundoureyesdoesn'tchange.

D.Becauseeyescanstorethepeople'skeyinformation.

15.What'sthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.Itisallabouteyes.B.Itisasafeway.

C.Facialinformationisimportant.D.Facial-recognitionisarisk.

04

Therearemillionsofpeoplethroughouttheworldwhoareeitherbornblindorhavebecomeblindover

thecourseoftheirlifetime.Itisunfairtotakeawaythevisual（視覺的）beautyoftheworldfromthesepeople.

DoctorHumayunhascreatedtheworld'sfirstbionic（仿生學的）eyethatcouldchangethelifeofeveryblind

peopleintheworld.

DoctorMarkHumayunisawellrespectedprofessorattheDohenyEyeInstituteCalifornia.Hehasbeen

workingforyearsoncreatingabioniceyethatwouldallowblindpeopletoseeimagesjustlikeanormal

persondoes.Thebioniceyeisactuallyaneyethathasbeenbuiltinasmallvideocamera.

Thetestresultsshowthebioniceyehasgivenblindpatientstheamazingabilitytoseethescientists

doingthetests.Buttheimagesarestillblurry（模糊的）andweneedmuchworkbeforetheeyeactually

becomesaregularimp山nt（植入物）intoblindpeople.Humayunbelievesthathecangointoproductionwith

thebioniceyeoverthenextthreetofiveyears.

Acloserlookatthebioniceyeisamazing.Thepatientwearsaspecialsetofeyeglasses.Allthesignals

arepassedtotheimplantedeye.It'sdonebywirelesstechnology.Humayunhascreatedaninventionthat

couldchangethelivesofmillionsofpeople.Imagineaworldinwhichsomeonewouldnolongerhaveto

fearaboutbeingblind.Thiscouldbeconsideredatechnologicalachievement.

16.Thewriterthinksthelifeofblindpeopleisforthem.

A.easyB.unfairC.busyD.different

17.DoctorMarkHumayuniswellrespectedbecause

A.hehasbeenworkingonasmallvideocameraB.heisaprofessorofafamousuniversity

C.heinventedavideocamerafortheblindD.hedevotedhimselftomakingtheblindseeagain

18.ThebioniceyecreatedbyMarkHumayunatpresent

A.canhelptheblindtoseethepeopledoingthetestsB.hasbeenatotalsuccessduringtheuse

C.canbeplantedintotheblindpeople'seyeD.looksmuchlikethenormalpeople'seye

19.ItwilltakeDoctorMarkHumayuntoproducethebioniceyeinlargenumbers.

A.morethaneightyearsB.morethanfiveyears

C.threetofiveyearsD.lessthanthreeyears

20.Thispassagemainlytellsus

A.thelifeofblindpeoplehaschangedB.MarkHumayunbecomesfamous

C.therewillbenoblindinthefutureD.atechnologicalstudyfortheblind

05

（2022?遼寧鞍山?中考真題）閱讀短文，從短文后的選項中選擇合適的句子還原到短文中，使短文意

思通順、結構完整。

TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGamesweremorethanasportingevent.21Theyare

helpingathletes（運動員）become"faster,higher,stronger“andofferingyouagreatgame-watching

experiencewiththesupportof5G.LefslookatsometechnologiesbehindtheBeijing2022WinterOlympic

Games.TheNationalSpeedSkatingOval（國家速滑館）issaidtohave“thefastestice”，astwelvenew

Olympicrecordsandoneworldrecordweresetthere,includingChinesespeedskaterGaoTingyu'sOlympic

recordof34.32secondsinthemen's500meters.

22Iftheicesurfacetemperaturedoesn'tchangemuch,theicewillstayevenflatter（平滑

的）.Liquidcarbondioxide（液體二氧化碳）isputundertheicetokeepthetemperaturechangesonthe

icesurfacewithinhalfadegree.23

Ineventslikefreestyleskiingandskijumping,thedirectionandspeedofthewindcanhaveagreat

influenceonanathlete'sperformance.Someeventsonlylastafewsecondsandthewindischangingallthe

time.AresearchteamfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences（中國科學院）developedasystemtomeasure

wind.24Itallowsathletesandcoachesto"see"winddirectlywithreal-timedata（數據）ontheir

pads（便攜式電腦）anddecidewhenandwheretojump.

Duringthespeedskatingrace,athletescanreachspeedsofupto18meterspersecond.Tocatchevery

excitingmomentofthecompetition,wehaveusedLieBaofortheevent.LieBaoisa4Khigh-definition（高

清）camerasystemdevelopedbyChinaMedia（媒體的）Group.25Itcloselyfollowstheathletes9

movementsandcatchesdifferentscenesduringspeedskating,accordingtothereport.

A.ThesystemusesAItechnology.

B.Theywerealsoashowforscienceandtechnology.

C.Thesecretisanewice-makingtechnology.

D.Itcanrecordspeedsofupto25meterspersecond.

E.Thatkeepstheiceaflatsurfaceanditiseasiertoskateon.

參考答案：

1.D2.C3.B4.D5.D

【導語】本文主要介紹了應用在北京2022年冬奧會上的高科技設備及給運動員帶來的好處。

1.細節理解題。根據表格中的四個小標題可知，共介紹了四種高科技設備。故選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據"Ineventslikefreestyleskiing,skijumping,thedirectionandspeedofthewindcan

haveabigeffectonanathlete'sperfdrmance.”可知"Freestyleskikig"和“Skijumping”是受風向和風速影

響的。剩余兩項“冰壺”和“跑步”結合常識可判斷冬奧會項目“冰壺”也會受影響。故選C。

3.詞義猜測題。根據"AsCOVID-19canspreadthroughtheair,cleanairiskeytokeepingfans,workers

andathletessafeandhealthy.”結合前面搭配的動詞"kill”可猜測，此處“bacteria''是"細菌”的含義。故選

Bo

4.細節理解題°根據“Itwillsendawarningifsomebody'sbodytemperaturegoeshigherthan37.3degrees??

可知，體溫超過37.3度就會報警。故選D。

5.最佳標題題。根據文章內容可知，本文主要講述了高科技設備應用在冬奧會中對運動員的影響，

因此D選項“High?techhelpathletesperformbetterattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics”可作為本文標

題。故選D。

6.D7.B8.D9.C10.B

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，本文主要介紹了嫦娥5號帶回了進過太空環境誘變的種子，并介紹了

相關的太空育種知識。

6.細節理解題。根據“Space-basedmutationbreeding（太空誘變育種）referstotheprocessofplacingseeds

intheenvironmentsuchasmicrogravity（微重力）,vacuums（真空）andcosmicradiation（宇宙輻射）during

aspaceflightandthensendingthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudyandplanting.“可知，科學家們希望進

行太空誘變育種。所以是將種子放置在特殊的環境中，故選D。

7.詞義猜測題。根據“studytheirchanges-somearedesirablewhileothersarebadandnegative.“可知，

而另一些是壞的和消極的，所以這些是好的，劃線單詞意思與good同義“好的”，故選B。

8.細節理解題o根據“Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsin

Chinathathavebeenallowedtobeplantedacrossthecountryfromgrainstovegetablesandfhiits.“可知，

太空養殖有利于農業。故選D。

9.推理判斷題。根據“Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsin

Chinathathavebeenallowedtobeplantedacrossthecountryfromgrainstovegetablesandfhiits.“可知，

太空養殖有利于農業。中國將在太空育種上投入更多的時間和精力。故選C。

10.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了嫦娥5號帶回了進過太空環境誘變的種子，并介紹了相關的太空

育種知識，選項B”太空培育的種子提供了很好的機會”符合語境，故選B。

11.C12.C13.A14.C15.A

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了疫情期間，面部識別系統的創新，能夠通過眼睛來識別不

同的人。

11.細節理國軍題o根據文中“Manypeopleusethistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoors,ormake

quickpayments.”可知，目前，人臉識別技術可以用于買東西付款。故選C。

12.詞句猜測題。根據前句“Butthereisaproblemduringtheepidemic（疫情）”可猜測出，后句應是：

每個人都戴著口罩，故下劃線單詞“masks”的意思應是“口罩”，結合圖畫可知，應是C項。故選C。

13.推理判斷題。根據文中“Butthereisaproblemduringtheepidemic（疫情）：everyonewearsmasks.

Whataheadache!”可推理出，在疫情期間，當人們戴口罩時，這項技術不起作用了。故選A。

14.細節理解題。根據文中“Aswegetolder,hesays,ourfaceschangeshape.Buttheareaaroundoureyes

doesn't.Itstaysthesame-evenifweputonweight.Aslongasthereareenoughdatafromtheareaofour

eyes,thecamerascanrecognizeus.”可知，眼睛是解決識別問題的關鍵是因為我們眼睛周圍的區域不

會改變。故選c。

15.最佳標題。通讀全文可知，短文主要介紹了疫情期間，面部識別系統的創新，能夠通過眼睛來

識別不同的人。故文章的最佳標題應是“關于眼睛的面部識別軟件”。故選A。

16.B17.D18.A19.C20.D

【導語】本文介紹了仿生眼研究的情況和其發展前景，這一切都是為了使盲人能夠重新看到世界。

16.細節理解題。根據"Itisunfairtotakeawaythevisual（視覺的）beautyoftheworldfromthesepeople?）

可知作者認為對盲人來說看不到美麗的世界是不公平的。故