有關(guān)高三英語(yǔ)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)“說(shuō)課”有利于提高教師理論素養(yǎng)和駕馭教材的能力，也有利于提高教師的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)有關(guān)高三英語(yǔ)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一科目英語(yǔ)年級(jí)高一文件high1uint17.1.doc標(biāo)題Unit17Nature(自然界與動(dòng)物保護(hù))章節(jié)第十七單元關(guān)鍵詞內(nèi)容一、教法建議【拋磚引玉】同學(xué)們將通過(guò)本單元的閱讀課文“MiluDeerReturnToChina”,深刻認(rèn)識(shí)并了解保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的重要意義。單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Ⅰ.詞匯學(xué)習(xí)三會(huì)單詞和詞組：increase,similar,equipment,disappear,period,research,protect,paint,deer,performance,putonperformance,oneafteranotherⅡ.交際英語(yǔ)目的、意圖、同意和祝愿Whyareyoumakingthisjourney?Wearetryingtocollectthememoryforawildlifeproject.Wewanttodo…sothat…Whatisthepurposeofyournewproject?Wewanttodo…verymuch.Thatsoundsagreatidea.Goodluckwithyourtrip!Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)在本單元，同學(xué)們要理解并初步掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“由be的現(xiàn)在式(am,is,are)+being+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是表示“某人或者某事此時(shí)正在被……”。如：Ateachingbuildingisbeingbuiltinourschool.【指點(diǎn)迷津】單元重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥deer鹿Isawfourdeerintheforest.〖點(diǎn)撥〗deer的單復(fù)數(shù)一樣。單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣的名詞還有：sheep,aircraft,police,cattle等。increase增加;繁殖Travelincreasesone’sknowledgeoftheworld.Thenumberoftouristshasincreased.=Touristshaveincreasedinnumber.〖點(diǎn)撥〗增加了百分之幾常用介詞by連接。Thepopulationofthistownincreasedbyfivepercentlastyear.另外，ontheincrease是“不斷增加，正在增加中”。如：Trafficaccidentsincitiesareontheincreasethismonth.3.similar類似的Thetwoofthemaresimilarincharacter.Acatissimilartoatigerinmanyways.〖點(diǎn)撥〗besimilarto與……相似。又如：Goldissimilarincolourtobrass(銅)。recently近來(lái)〖點(diǎn)撥〗recently在句中時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：Haveyoubeenverybusyrecently?alive活著的;存在的Who’sthegreatestmanalive?〖點(diǎn)撥〗alive;living;live;lively;life;lives這些詞都有“活著”之意，它們的用法各不相同。alive意為“活著”，側(cè)重說(shuō)明生與死之間的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)，后置定語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)。雖有死的可能，但還活著。例如：Thebadlywoundedsoldierwasstillalivewhentakentothehospital.Heisdead,buthisdogisstillalive.他死了，但他的狗仍然還活著。Nomanaliveisgreaterthanhe.在活著的人中沒(méi)有人比他更偉大了。(注：此時(shí)alive含有“在所有活著的……之中”)Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.他想讓魚活著。living意為“活著”強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明“尚在人間”，“健在”，可用來(lái)指人或物，作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。例如：ComradeWangisreallyalivingLeiFenginourcountry.Myfirstteacherisstillliving.我的啟蒙老師仍健在。Englishisalivinglanguage.英語(yǔ)的活的語(yǔ)言。Alivinglanguageshouldbelearnedthroughlisteningandspeaking.Heisregardedasoneofthebestlivingwritersatpresent.他被認(rèn)為是當(dāng)代活著的的作家之一。注意：living前加上the,表示類別，指“活著的人們”。例如：Thelivingmustfinishtheworkofthosedead.活著的人必須完成那些死去的人的事業(yè)。living還可用于，例如：makealiving謀生。live“活著的”，通常指物，不指人，常用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)放名詞的前面。還指“實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的”。例如：alivewire有電的電線，alivefish一條活魚。Doyoulikealiveshoworarecordedshow?你是喜歡直播還是錄音。Hesaidhehadseenalivewhale.他說(shuō)他看見(jiàn)過(guò)活鯨魚。makea/one\'slivingby+ing通過(guò)干……謀生lively則意為“活潑的”，“活躍”，“充滿生氣的”，可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)，既可指人，又可指物。例如：Jennyisalivelygirl.詹妮是個(gè)活潑的女孩。Everythingislivelyhere.這兒一切都生機(jī)勃勃。life是名詞作生命可數(shù)，作生活不可數(shù)。其復(fù)數(shù)是lives。類似把-fe變?yōu)?ves的還有：wife,shelf,leaf,half,loaf,thief,knife,wolf,self.Iprefercountrylifetocitylife.Thesechildrenarefulloflife.這些孩子充滿火力。Manypeoplelosttheirlivesintheaccident.單元詞組思維運(yùn)用makeatripto到……旅行TheyareleavingtomorrowtomakeatriptoHangzhou.注意：“去……旅行”還可以用takeatrip,haveatrip,goonatrip,makeajourneycollectmoneyfor=raisemoneyfor為……籌集資金;為……募捐TheseYoungPioneersaretryingtocollectmoneyforawildlifeprotect.putonperformances演出Youhaveputonafineperformance.Theperformanceputonbytheseniorclasswasadance.atpresent=forthetimebeing目前;現(xiàn)在;如今HowmanyresearchcenterarethereatpresentformiludeerinChina?dowith處理;對(duì)待Whatdopeopleplantodowiththemiludeerinfuture?注意：dowith常與what連接使用，dealwith常與how連接使用。toomanyof太多的Toomanyofthedeerhadbeenkilledandtheydisappeared.注意：somany和toomany的順序。toomuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：Toomuchofsuchrainwillruinthecrop.yearbyyear年復(fù)一年Theylikedthecoolwetweatherthereandtheirnumberincreasedyearbyyear.注意由“名詞+by+名詞”的短語(yǔ)還有：stepbystep逐步地，twobytwo兩個(gè)兩個(gè)地，littlebylittle逐步地。southof=tothesouthof在……以南Thezooisthreemilessouthofthecity.動(dòng)物園在城南三英里處。HunanProvinceliestothenorthofGuangdong.oneday總有一天;有一天該詞組可以指過(guò)去，也可以指將來(lái)。但someday指將來(lái)。OnedaylastsummerIhewild在荒野;在曠野TheseanimalshadtoliveinthewildsofnorthwestChina.oncemore=onceagain再次;重新Thefactsshowedoncemorethathewasnotinterestedinmusic.oneafteranother=oneaftertheother=onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè);相繼Thepastyear在過(guò)去的一年中Alotofworkhasbeendoneinthepastyear.注意：類似的還有，inthepastfewyears在過(guò)去的幾年中，inthelastfewmonths在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)月中。出現(xiàn)這樣的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子常用完成時(shí)態(tài)。而inthepast(在過(guò)去)卻需要使用過(guò)去時(shí)。besimilarto和……差不多，和……相近Ifonethingisverysimilartoanotherthing,theylookalmostthesame.Camerasaresimilartothehumaneye.makeastudyof對(duì)……加以研究Shegaveussomeadviceonhowtomakeastudyofteachingmethods.setfree釋放Thegirlsettheprettybirdsfree.二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航【學(xué)法指要】單元難點(diǎn)疑點(diǎn)思路明晰1.atpresent;atthepresenttime;forthepresent〖明晰〗這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)近義，都可表示“目前;現(xiàn)在”。第一個(gè)中的present是名詞，其前不用定冠詞;第二個(gè)中的present是形容詞(意為“現(xiàn)在的);第三個(gè)中的present是名詞，其前要用定冠詞。atpresent與atthepresenttime通常可互換，而forthepresent側(cè)重指“暫時(shí)”。如：AtpresenttherearenotmanymiludeerinnatureparksinChina.Weusethistensetoshowthatsomethingisbeingdoneatthepresenttime.Forthepresentwedonotneedthatbook,sopleasegoonreadingityourself.2.oneday;someday;theotherday〖明晰〗這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)都可表示“某一天”，但用法不同。(1)oneday可指過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的某一天，someday只能指將來(lái)的某一天，theotherday指過(guò)去(不久前)的某一天。如：Atallthesecentresitishopedthatonedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfreeandletthemliveinthewildagain.You\'llbeanengineersomeday.Imethimtheotherdayatthebusstation.(2)這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)通常作狀語(yǔ)用，但oneday間或能作主語(yǔ)用。如：Onedayonthemoonisaslongastwoweeksontheearth.(3)oneday不能連寫成一個(gè)詞。而someday有時(shí)可連寫成someday。如：Somedaywemaydrivecarsthatarerunbyelectricity.3.greatly;very;much〖明晰〗這組副詞都可作“非常”解，主要區(qū)別是：(1)greatly修飾動(dòng)詞或過(guò)去分詞。如：Sincethenthenumberofmiludeertherehasgreatlyincreased.(2)very修飾形容詞和副詞原級(jí)，不能修飾動(dòng)詞和a-形容詞。如：would

Ithinkhe\'sveryold.(3)much修飾動(dòng)詞、過(guò)去分詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)或級(jí)。如：Welikeitverymuch.Nowitismucheasiertomakeplansforourtrips.當(dāng)修飾過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，much有時(shí)可與greatly互換，但greatly的語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)。如：Hewasgreatlymoved.wouldlike的用法〖明晰〗wouldlike用以表示說(shuō)話人委婉的愿望或請(qǐng)求。意為“希望，想要”等。其中(適用于各種人稱)可以換成should(只限第一人稱)。在口語(yǔ)中，常用其縮略式“\'dlike”。其否定式為“主語(yǔ)+shouldn\'t/wouldn\'tlike+”;其疑問(wèn)式為“Would+主語(yǔ)+like+其它?”。wouldlike主要有如下四種結(jié)構(gòu)：wouldlike+名詞或代詞。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你要些咖啡嗎?Yes,please.是的。Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?你還要一杯茶嗎?No,thanks.不要了，謝謝。wouldlike+不定式。Wouldyouliketohavesomerice?你要米飯嗎?Yes,I\'dliketo.是的，我要。Wouldyouliketohavesomemorebeer?你還要些啤酒嗎?—No.thanks.I\'vehadenough.不要了，謝謝。我喝夠了。Woundyouliketogowithme?你愿意和我一起去嗎?wouldlike+主語(yǔ)+不定式(作賓補(bǔ))。Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrinknow?你現(xiàn)在想喝些什么嗎?I\'dlikeaglassofbeer.我要一杯啤酒。wouldlike+不定式的完成式。該結(jié)構(gòu)含有責(zé)備或惋惜的意味。表示過(guò)去本該做某事但未能去做。We\'dliketohavehelpedher.我們本該幫助她。You\'dliketohavegonethereyesterday.你昨天本該去那里。Whereareyoutravellingto,Gary?加里，你們打算到哪里旅行?.Goodluckwithyourtrip!祝你們旅途好運(yùn)!〖明晰〗Goodluck.是分手道別時(shí)的常用祝愿語(yǔ)，意為“祝幸運(yùn)/平安/順利”，其后常跟介詞to(sb.)或with(sth.)。又如：Goodluckwithyournewjob!Goodlucktoyou!.Untilrecently,theonlymiludeeraliveintheworldbelongedto…直到不久以前，世界上僅有的活著的麋鹿屬于……〖明晰〗(1)untilrecently意為“直到不久以前;直到最近”，until在此相當(dāng)于till,其意思是“直到……為止”，可作介詞或連詞，until在此為介詞。作介詞時(shí)，其后常跟表示時(shí)間的名詞，也可跟副詞。作連詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：ItaughtinNo.58MiddleSchoolofZhengzhouuntil1993.Fatherusuallydoesn\'tgotobeduntilverylate.爸爸通常很晚才睡覺(jué)。(2)alive意為“活著的;在世的”，相當(dāng)于living或live(adj.活著的)，它屬于表語(yǔ)形容詞，即只在句中作表語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)。但alive偶爾可以作定語(yǔ)，要放在它修飾的名詞之后。例如：Whoisthegreatestmanaliveintheworldnow?living和live作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，需前置。例如：livingthing生物，livechicks活雞.Infact,therearesomanydeerthatsomearebeingsenttonaturereservesbyenvironmentalistswhowouldliketoreturnthemtothewild.其實(shí)，現(xiàn)在這種麋鹿已經(jīng)相當(dāng)多了，有一些正在被送往那些愿意把麋鹿送回野外去的地方。〖明晰〗(1)該句是一個(gè)較為復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句，主句為…therearesomanydeer,that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。在這個(gè)so…that結(jié)構(gòu)中，中心詞是名詞deer，本應(yīng)該用such…that結(jié)構(gòu)，但因名詞前有many修飾而用了so…that結(jié)構(gòu)，此特殊用法需注意。(2)arebeingsent是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式，表示“正在被送往”其中的being容易被誤省。又如本課中的其它兩句：Thelifeofthemiludeerisbeingstudiedthere.MoremiludeerarebeingmovedtoanewlargenatureparkinShishouinHubeiProvince.【妙文賞析】TwoMistakesForalongtimeDrSmithhadwantedtogetabetterjobinacertainbigmodernhospital.Hewasappointedtoaparticularpositionwhichhewanted,andhiswifemovedtothehousewhichtheywerenowtolivein.Thenextdaysomebeautifulflowersweresenttothem,withanotewhichsaid,“Deepestsympathy(沉痛悼念).”Naturally,DrSmithwasangrilytoreceivesuchanunusualmote,andtelephonedtheshopwhichhadsenttheflowerstofindwhatthenotemeant.Whentheowneroftheshopheardwhathadhappened,heapologizetoDrSmithforhavingmadethemistake.“Butwhatreallyworriedmemuchmore,”headded,“isthatflowerswhichoughttohavegonetoyouweresenttoapersonwhohadjustdied,withacardwhichsaid,‘Congratulationsonyournewposition.’”很久以來(lái)，史密斯醫(yī)生一直想在某一家大型的現(xiàn)代化醫(yī)院找一份比較錫樣的工作，這一天終于盼來(lái)了。他被任命為他想干的特殊位置，而他的妻子也搬進(jìn)了他們現(xiàn)在住的房子。第二天送來(lái)一些鮮花，里面夾著一張條子，上面寫著：“沉痛悼念”。接到這樣一張奇特的字條，史密斯醫(yī)生自然很生氣，于是便給鮮花店打電話詢問(wèn)怎么回當(dāng)?shù)昀习迓?tīng)說(shuō)發(fā)生的情況時(shí)，他忙向史密斯醫(yī)生道歉，說(shuō)是送錯(cuò)了。“但真的使我更擔(dān)心的是，”他補(bǔ)充道，“本應(yīng)該送到你那里的鮮花卻送給了一個(gè)剛死的人，鮮花里面夾著一張卡片，上面寫著：‘祝賀你搬遷新居。’”【思維】yournearestlibraryinLondondoesn\'thavethebookyouwant2.toborrowit,alibrarianwillgoon-linetoseewhetheranyof3.theothernearbylibrarieshave.Ifnolibraryhasthebookin4.store,thelibrarianwillsearchforfurther,connecting5.libraryinothercitieslikeManchester.Ifacopyofthebook6.hasfound,arrangementswillbemadeforittobesenttoyour7.library,andwithinadayandtwo,you\'llbeabletocheckit8.out.It\'salsopossibleforreaderstolendbooksfrom9.universityorcollegelibrariesevenifwearenotstudents.10.答案：1.were→are2.對(duì)3.去it4.has后加it5.去for6.library→libraries7.has后加been8.第二個(gè)and→or9.lend→borrow10.we→you三、智能顯示【心中有數(shù)】單元語(yǔ)法一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)〖思維〗1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。Iam/He/Sheis/You/We/Theyare+beingdone.Moremiludeerarebeingmovedtoanewlargenature.更多的糜鹿正被往一所新建的大天然公園遷移。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。A.表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作即某件事情現(xiàn)在正在被做。例如：Thewaterisbeingturnedintovapour.水正在變成蒸汽。Thequestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeetingnow.現(xiàn)在會(huì)上正在討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。B.表示在現(xiàn)階段進(jìn)行被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，但不一定發(fā)生在說(shuō)話的這一時(shí)刻。例如：Thebridgeisbeingrepaired.那座橋正在修復(fù)之中。(可指“正在講話的同時(shí)”，也可指“目前”。)She\'sbeingtaughtEnglish.有人在教她英語(yǔ)。(在說(shuō)話時(shí)，也許根本沒(méi)人教她。)[注]現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有時(shí)可與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。如：IknowMarkwasgoingtohaveaninterviewsometimethisafternoon.Hemaybebeinginterviewedatthisverymoment.我知道馬克今天下午什么時(shí)候有。他此刻也許正在接受面試哩。練習(xí)：A.把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.MrSmithisdrivingacar.2.Theteacherisscolding(批評(píng))me.3.Theyarepaintingthehouses.B.單項(xiàng)選擇。4.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Therooms.A.arebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainting5.IEnglishforfiveyearsnow.A.wasstudyingB.havebeenstudyingC.studiedD.amstudying6.Thebloodnow.A.istestedB.isbeingtestingC.isbeingtestedD.hasbeentesting7.Thenewlakeinthepark,somanyworkersareworkingthere.A.ismadeB.hasbeenbeingmadeC.isbeingmakingD.isbeingmade8.Insomepartsoftheworld,teawithmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served答案：1.AcarisbeingdrivenbyMrSmith.2.Iambingscoldedbytheteacher.3.Thehousesarebeingpainted.4—8ABCDB二、enough與高考Ⅰ.enough作副詞用時(shí)，可修飾形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞。修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，enough應(yīng)后置。Helicoptersweresenttorescuethem,butitwasimpossibleforthemtogetcloseenough.Whentheyreachedtheburningbuildingtheyfoundthattheirladderswerenotlongenoughtoreachthepeoplewhoweretrapped.Youdon\'tpractiseenoughatthepiano.Iwithyou\'dwriteclearlyenoughforustoreadit.Ⅱ.enough作形容詞用時(shí)，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，習(xí)慣置于名詞之前。Haveyoumadeenoughcopies?I\'llgetenoughmoneytopayforataxi.當(dāng)enough和形容詞一起位于名詞之前時(shí)，要注意辨別enough的詞性以及對(duì)語(yǔ)義的影響。比較：.a)Ihaven\'tfoundenoughbignailstomendthecupboard.我還沒(méi)找到足夠的大釘子來(lái)修碗柜。b)Ihaven\'tfoundbigenoughnailstomendthecupboard.我還沒(méi)找到足夠大的釘子來(lái)修碗柜。句中的enough是形容詞，修飾nails，強(qiáng)調(diào)釘子的數(shù)量。b)句中的enough是副詞，修飾big，強(qiáng)調(diào)釘子的大小。.a)Isthereenoughhotwaterformetohaveabath?有足夠的熱水讓我洗個(gè)澡嗎?Istherehotenoughwaterformetohaveabath?有足夠熱的水讓我洗個(gè)澡嗎?a)句中的enough是形容詞。修飾water,強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量;b)句中的enough是副詞，修飾hot,強(qiáng)調(diào)水的溫度。下面請(qǐng)看NMET1998—11題。IfIhad,I\'dvisitEurope,stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces.A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough選項(xiàng)A中的enough是副詞，修飾long，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度，符合句意，故是句意，故是答案。B中的enough是形容詞，不能修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，故不選。選項(xiàng)C、D的語(yǔ)序不對(duì)，也不可選。有關(guān)高三英語(yǔ)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二科目英語(yǔ)年級(jí)高一文件high1unit18.doc標(biāo)題Unit18Thenecklace章節(jié)第十八單元關(guān)鍵詞內(nèi)容單元重點(diǎn)Ⅰ.語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)accept,invitation,afterall,continue,callon,dayandnight,payback,atthemost,worth,not…anymoreⅡ.日常交際用語(yǔ)Wherehaveyoubeenallthesedays?Whathappened?Wedidhaveagoodtime.Excuseme.I’velostacaseIwonderifit’sbeenfound.Canyoudescribethecase?Wheredidyoulasthaveit?Weaskedeveryonethereiftheyhadfound…,butwithoutluck.Wecouldn’tfindit;itwaslost.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)e.g.1.HeaskedifshewasPleased.2.SheaskedhimhowmanyPeopleweregoingtotheball.背景知識(shí)介紹1.作者GuydeMaupassant(莫泊桑1850—1893)wasawell—knownFrenchnovelistandshort–storywriter.在少年時(shí)他就對(duì)文學(xué)表現(xiàn)出了濃厚的興趣，很小的時(shí)候開(kāi)始寫作，在30多歲成為著明的小說(shuō)家，他的大部分作品講的是人們的日常生活。1871年開(kāi)始，他在政府部門就職，這期間他熟悉了政府職員的生活。這段經(jīng)歷幫助他創(chuàng)造出了他的短篇小說(shuō)“項(xiàng)鏈”。他的作品簡(jiǎn)潔明了，諷刺運(yùn)用得恰到好處。莫泊桑晚年承受疾病圍繞，1893年病逝于巴黎。2.有關(guān)這部戲的介紹“項(xiàng)鏈”這篇課文是一個(gè)獨(dú)幕劇，它包括三個(gè)人物：MathildeLoisel,ayangwoman;PierreLoisel,Mathilde’shusband,agovernmentworker;Jeanne,Mathilde’sgoodfriend.課文難點(diǎn)分析Scene1AparkinParis……walkstowardsher.這部分用斜體表示，或象下文一樣置于括號(hào)中，叫做舞臺(tái)指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明(stagedirections)一般使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。戲劇一般首先介紹發(fā)生的時(shí)間(time)、地點(diǎn)(place)和劇中人物(characters)。在這一段中有了具體介紹。“think,believe”這兩個(gè)詞的否定式在主句中表示，而賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞用肯定式。Infactyoudo.事實(shí)上你認(rèn)識(shí)我。=Infact,youknowme.為了避免和前面重復(fù)，所以用助動(dòng)詞代替。e.g.①Wealllovesinging,buthedoesn’t.我們都喜歡，但他不喜歡。②Class2wenttoapicnic,butClass1didn’t.2班去野餐了，但1班沒(méi)去。recognizevt.認(rèn)識(shí)，辨認(rèn)e.g.①ShewassochangedthatIhardlyrecognizedher.她變得我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出來(lái)了。②Harryrecognizedmeinthecrowd.亨利在人群中認(rèn)出了我。Wherehaveyoubeenalltheseyears?這些年你上哪兒去了?老師問(wèn)Jane，“你上星期沒(méi)來(lái)學(xué)校，去哪兒了?”That’sbecauseofhardwork.那是因?yàn)閯诶邸.g.①Hecouldn’tgofurther.That’sbecauseofhiswoundedleg.他不能再往前走了，因?yàn)樗耐仁芰藗＂贖ecriedbecauseofthepaininhisarm=Hecriedbecausehehadapaininhisarm.他因?yàn)楦觳蔡鄱蘖恕ecauseof后面跟名詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)與because加句子引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句意義相同。Havetimesbeenhardforyou?這些年境況不太好吧!times這個(gè)詞我們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)：(mordentimes)表示目前或某種特殊時(shí)期的生活情況或環(huán)境，可譯作“日子”、“境況”、“時(shí)代”。艱難，相反的是一直努力工作。②StudentsthoughttimesareterribleinJuly.學(xué)生們認(rèn)為7月是一段難熬的日子。Butwhathappened?發(fā)生什么事了?happentakeplace.沒(méi)有被動(dòng)式。e.g.①Irememberedthewholethingsasifithappenedyesterday.我記得整個(gè)事情，就好象是昨天發(fā)生的。──Anaccidenthappenedtohim.他出事了。DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedanecklaceofyours.10年前的一個(gè)下午，我到你家借過(guò)一條項(xiàng)鏈，你還記得嗎?Tenyearago和由when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句一起修飾afternoon.e.g.①CartstillremembersoneafternooninhisfirstyearwhentheprofessortookthestudentstheChemistrylab.卡爾仍然記得一年級(jí)時(shí)教授帶學(xué)生到化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室去的那個(gè)下午的情景。②Therearethousandsofstartsintheskythatarelikeoursun.天空中有成千上萬(wàn)顆像太陽(yáng)一樣的恒星。I’vewrittentoaccepttheinvitation.我已經(jīng)寫信表示接受邀請(qǐng)了。e.g.①Ireceivedanote,butdidn’tacceptit.我收到了一張支票，但沒(méi)接受。②Jackreceivedmyletter,andacceptedmyadvice.Jack收到了我的信并且接受了我的建議。③givesb.Aninvitation給sb發(fā)邀請(qǐng)(invitesb.to…)refusesb’sinvitation.拒絕sb的邀請(qǐng)。Ihaven’tgotaneveningdressfortheball!我沒(méi)有參加晚會(huì)的禮服啊!But,justthisonce.Afterall,thisballisveryimportant.不過(guò)就這么一次，要知道，這次舞會(huì)很重要啊!afterall“畢竟，終究，到底”。用來(lái)說(shuō)服或提醒對(duì)方，引出對(duì)方似乎忘記了的某個(gè)重要的論點(diǎn)或理由。e.g.①Theymetwithdifficulties,butIhearthatthey’resucceededafterall.他們遇到了困難，但我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們終究是成功了。②Shesaidshewouldnotgototheball,butshewentthereafterall.她說(shuō)不去參加舞會(huì)，但最后還是去了。Ihavenojewellerytowear.我沒(méi)有首飾戴。dress和wear的區(qū)別：e.g.①Shealwaysdressesingreen.她總是穿著綠色的衣服。②Dressatonce!立刻穿上衣服。③Themotherdressesthebabyeveryday.媽媽每天給小寶寶穿衣服。而wear的賓語(yǔ)只能是鞋帽等物品，表示一種狀態(tài)。④He’swearinganewcoattoday.他今天穿了一件新大衣。但不能說(shuō)：Wearyourclothesatonce.Can’tyoujustwearaflowerinstead?難道不能就戴一朵花嗎?這是一個(gè)否定疑問(wèn)句，表示吃驚，可能含有批評(píng)或責(zé)備的意思。e.g.①Hasn’tAlberttelephonedyou?Albert還沒(méi)有打電話來(lái)嗎?(說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為Albert本已經(jīng)打電話來(lái)了，但卻沒(méi)打，因此感到奇怪，并含有批評(píng)的口氣)②It’sgettingdark.Can’tyouwalkalittlefaster?天快黑了，你不能走快點(diǎn)嗎?(說(shuō)話人覺(jué)得對(duì)方走慢了，含有責(zé)備的口氣)Shemarriedamanwithalotofmoney.她嫁了一個(gè)很有錢的人。marrysb.娶了某人/嫁給某人。getmarried結(jié)了婚。be/getmarriedtosb.與某人結(jié)婚，不能用with.e.g.①—IsJackmarried?Jack結(jié)婚了嗎?—Hegotmarriedlastyear.他去年結(jié)婚了。②HehasbeenmarriedtoMaryfor3years.他和Mary結(jié)婚3年了。③AlicemarriedaFrenchman.Alice和一個(gè)法國(guó)人結(jié)婚了。SoIcalledonyou…So是連詞，用來(lái)承上啟下，表示話語(yǔ)的邏輯性。“我想起你嫁了一個(gè)有錢人，所以就去看望你……”。callon/uponsb.visitsb.到家看望。e.g.①It’stoyearssinceIlastcalledonmyformerteacher.我最近的一次拜望老師已經(jīng)是10年前了。Callatsb’shouse.到家看望。“明天我想到家去看望你，你有空嗎?”“好的，歡迎”。Youtrieditonanditlookedwonderfulonyou.你把項(xiàng)鏈戴上試了試，戴在你身上真是太好看了。e.g.①Neverbuyshoeswithouttryingthemonfirst.鞋子要先試再買。②Thetailoraskedthegirltotryonthenewdress.裁縫要那個(gè)小孩試一下新衣服。tryon:試穿，試戴。PerhapsinthosedaysIwas.也許那時(shí)候我是(個(gè)漂亮的姑娘)…這是承上啟下的句子，后面的表語(yǔ)可以省略，以避免重復(fù)，在口語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)。e.g.①Shesaiditwasavaluablenecklace.Itreallywas.她說(shuō)那是一條很貴重的項(xiàng)鏈，的確很貴重。②“Aretheyinthepark?”“Ithinktheyare.”“他們?cè)诠珗@里嗎?”“我想是的”。PierreandIdidhaveaverygoodtimeattheball.我和波爾在舞會(huì)上的確玩的很痛快。②Ididagreewithyou.我完全贊同你。③Shedoeskeepherpromise.她確實(shí)一貫遵守諾言。Butthatwasthelastmomentofhappinessinourlives.但那是我們一生中最后的幸福時(shí)刻了。Onourwayhome……thatthenecklacewasnotaroundmyneckanymore!那天晚上在回家的路上，我低頭一看，發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)鏈不再掛在我的脖子上了。not……anymere.不再。e.g.①Don’tmakethesamemistakeanymore.不要再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。②Shedoesn’tlivehereanymore.她不再住在這兒了。Itwasexactlylikeyournecklace,butitwasadifferentone.那條項(xiàng)鏈的確和你的一模一樣，但卻是另外的一條。句中的One用來(lái)指代前在的名詞(necklace)。復(fù)數(shù)用ones.e.g.①Therearetwobooks.Theoneontheshelfismine.這有2本書，書架上那本是我②Therearelotsofdressesinthecase.Youcantryontheonesyoulike.箱子里有很多件衣服，你可以試穿所有你喜歡的。Duringthenexttenyears…topaybackthemoneywehadborrowed(=Inordertoreturnthemoneywhichwehadborrowed,bothofusworkedalongtimeeverydayinthenexttenyears.)在后來(lái)的10年時(shí)間里，為了償還這筆借款，我們兩個(gè)不分晝夜地干活。payback作“償還”，“還錢”解。paybackmoneytosb.paybackmoneyforsth.e.g.①“—I’llpaybackthemoneytoyounextweek.Isitok?”“我下星期還錢給你，行嗎?”—“That’sok!”好吧!②“Haveyoupaidbackthemoneyforthefoods?”購(gòu)買食品的錢還了沒(méi)有?③Theypaidoffallthedebtsontime.他們按時(shí)把債還清了。④Oncewehavepaidoffthestore,weshallowemoneytonoone.一旦把商店的錢還清了，我們就不欠任何人的錢了。e.g.Hehadstolenthenecklace.That’swhyhewaspunished.他偷了項(xiàng)鏈，這說(shuō)是受到懲罰的原因。Itwasn’tvaluableatall.它根本就不值錢。atall“全然”“完全”。常用于否定句中“not…atall”“完全不”，“根本不”。e.g.①She’sratherlazy,notatallsuitableforthepost.她太懶了，根本不適合這個(gè)職業(yè)。②Idon’tbelieveheratall.我根本就不相信她。Itwasworthfivehundredfrancsatthemost…它最多值500法郎。beworth+sth./doingsth.“值(多少錢)”e.g.①Thispieceofjewelryisworth$500.這件手飾值500美元。②Hissuggestionisworthconsideration/considering.他的建議值得考慮。③Themuseumisworthavisit.那個(gè)博物館值得一看。HeisnowattheLostandFound.他現(xiàn)在失物招領(lǐng)處。間接問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有以下共同要求：1.要把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序變成陳述句語(yǔ)序。2.主語(yǔ)的人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)以及狀語(yǔ)要作相應(yīng)的變化。3.句末要用句號(hào)。直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，還要用if/whether引導(dǎo)。如果在引語(yǔ)中含有“or”，則只能用whether.e.g.①Heaskedher,“Areyoupleased?”?Heaskedherif/whethershewaspleased.②Sheaskedme,“Haveyoufinishedthework?”?Sheaskedmeif/whereIhadfinishedthework.③Motherasked,“Willyoustayathomeorgowithus?”?Motherasked(me)whetherIwouldstayathomeorgowiththem.直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)仍和原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)代詞。e.g.①Sheaskedme,“Wherehaveyoubeenalltheseyears?”?SheaskedmewhereIhadbeenallthoseyears.②HeaskedTom,“Whatareyoulookingfor?”?HeaskedTomwhathewaslookingfor.③Heaskedme,“Whydidn’tyoustopher?”?HeaskedmewhyIhadn’tstoppedher.請(qǐng)改寫這個(gè)劇本。有關(guān)高三英語(yǔ)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)三科目英語(yǔ)年級(jí)高一文件high1unit15.1.doc標(biāo)題HealthyEating(健康飲食)章節(jié)第十五單元關(guān)鍵詞內(nèi)容HealthyEating(健康飲食)一、教法建議【拋磚引玉】單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Ⅰ.四會(huì)單詞和詞組：pain,in(the)future,berichin,contain,fat(n.),softdrink,score,scoresof,discuss,discussion,attheend(of)三會(huì)單詞和詞組：examine,ripe,advise,patient,energy,weight,putonweight,westerner,cause,unhealthy,loseweight,suggestionⅡ.交際英語(yǔ)：人人都希望自己身體健康，工作順利，生活愉快。人體就像一部機(jī)器，機(jī)器需要經(jīng)常保養(yǎng)才能不停地正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，不出故障;人也需要營(yíng)養(yǎng)合理的飲食、充足的睡眠、必不可少的休息與娛樂(lè)。倘若你為了省錢省時(shí)間而終日湊合著吃東西;倘若你為了擠出更多的時(shí)間對(duì)付艱苦的學(xué)習(xí)而擠掉了睡眠時(shí)間;倘若你為了多打工賺錢，幾乎舍棄了所有的休息與娛樂(lè)。那么，生病就在所難免。萬(wàn)一人生了病就需要去醫(yī)院診斷出出故障的原因，這時(shí)就需要和醫(yī)生打交道，下面是常用到的語(yǔ)句。醫(yī)生用語(yǔ)：WhatcanIdoforyou?/Whatwasthematter?/What\'sthetrouble?Doesithurthere?/It\'snothingserious./Letmeexamineyou./Takethismedicinethreetimesaday./AndIadviseyounottodo…Drinkplentyofwaterandhaveagoodrest./You\'dbetterhaveagoodrest./You\'llbewellsoon.Showmeyourtongue./Stickoutyourtongue./Didyoucoughmuch?/Fortunately,youonlyhavetheflu(流感)./You\'llhavetobehospitalized(住院).Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?/Well,let\'ssee.Openyourmouthandsay“ah”./Keepwarmanddon\'tcatchcold.病人用語(yǔ)：I\'vegotapain(cough,headache,toothache)./Idon\'tfeelwell./There\'ssomethingwrongwith…./Thisplacehurts./Ifeelagreatpainhere./Ifeeldizzy(頭暈)./Itooksomemedicinelastnight,buttheydidn\'thelp./Doctor,pleasegivemeanexamination.I\'vehadmytemperaturetaken.Iindeedhaveafever./Iwashotandcoldbyturns.Idon\'tfeelwell,doctor./Ihopeitwon\'tlastlong./Idon\'tfeellikeeatinganything.Ihaveasorethroat(喉嚨痛)andmychesthurts./Itstartedbotheringmeyesterdayafternoon./Ifeelhotandfeverish./I\'machingallover.I\'vebeenlosingsleep./Mywholebodyfeelsweak./I\'velostmyvoice./Myearsareringing,andmycheeksburning./Ifeelapaininmyleftleg.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)：進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)提出建議和忠告的句型。Iadviseyou(not)todo…/you\'dbetter(not)do…/Isuggestthatyou(should)do…/Whynotdo…/Whydon\'tyoudo…It\'sbettertobeabsolutelysure,evenifitdoestakeabitmoretimeandtroubleWell,ifIwereyou,IwouldspendaboutfourdayssightseeinginBeijingandtwoorthreedaysinShanghaiforshopping.Letmegiveyouabitofadvice,ifyoudon\'tmind.Stopsmokingoratleastcutdownonit.Watchyourdietand…How/Whataboutdoingsomeshoppinghere?Ithinkwe\'dbettersendforadoctor.Well,ifyougoonthewayyouhave,you\'reonlygoingtomakethingsharderforyourself.8.Yes,Isupposeso./Yes,Icertainlywill./That\'sagoodidea./Yes,butdon\'tyouthink…?【指點(diǎn)迷津】單元重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥contain作及物動(dòng)詞是“包含;包括;能容納，能裝入”Seawatercontainssalt.Thisauditoriumwillcontain3,000people.〖點(diǎn)撥〗(1)contain和include雖然都有“包含”的意思，但contain可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分，而include則只是包含一部分。試對(duì)比：Theparcelcontainedadictionary.那包裹里裝的是一本字典。Theparcelincludedadictionary.那包裹里也包括了一本字典。ThetourincludesavisittoParis.這次旅行包括游覽巴黎。Thebasketcontainsavarietyoffruits.這籃子裝有各種水果。(2)including可以作介詞連接介詞短語(yǔ)。試比較：Manywomenwerewaitingtobuythatkindofcloth,includingmymother.Manywomenwerewaitingtobuythatkindofcloth,mymotherincluded.可以這樣說(shuō)，include著重“被包含者只是整體中的一部分”。contain著重“內(nèi)有”。advise作及物動(dòng)詞是“忠告、勸告、建議”Thedoctoradvisedasoftdiet.醫(yī)生建議進(jìn)軟食。〖點(diǎn)撥〗(1)advise+doingHeadvisedgettingplentyofsleepandeatinggoodmeals.advisesbtodo建議某人干……。advisesbnottodosth=advisesbagainstdoing建議某人不要干Theteacheradvisedusnottoreadcarelessly.=Theteacheradvisedusagainstcarelessreading.對(duì)比：Theteacheradvisedourreadingcarefully.(動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))advisethat+主語(yǔ)+(should)doSheadvisedthathespendhisholidaysinHeinan.對(duì)比：(誤)SharonsuggestedmetoaskDrYangforhelp.(對(duì))SharonadvisedmetoaskDrYangforhelp.(對(duì))Sharonsuggested/advisedthatIshouldaskDrYangforhelp.(對(duì))Sharonsuggested/advisedmyaskingDrYangforhelp.(對(duì))IwasadvisedtoaskDrYangforhelpbySharon.advice是不可數(shù)名詞，表達(dá)“一條建議”用：apiece/bit/wordofadvice。score(比賽的)得分;(單復(fù)數(shù)相同)二十Thescoreattheendofthegamewas5to4againstthevisitingteam.比賽結(jié)果為5比4，客隊(duì)敗北。What\'sthescorenow?現(xiàn)在比分是多少?〖點(diǎn)撥〗(1)scoresof許多，大批Theexhibitionhasscoresofvisitorseveryday.(2)score前有數(shù)詞時(shí)，score用單數(shù)，其后的of常省略。但在代詞或者起定語(yǔ)作用的指示代詞及物主掉次前的of不能省略。ThreescoreofthemareLeaguemembers.Threescoreofthoseeggsarehis.Shehastwoscore(of)eggs.(這種情況下不用of)discuss作及物動(dòng)詞是“討論，議論”。名詞形式是discussion。I\'vesomethingofgreatimportancetodiscusswithyou.Aftercarefuldiscussionthetwopartiesreachedanagreementonthismatter.〖點(diǎn)撥〗(1)discuss后直接接名詞、疑問(wèn)詞+todo，不接about/on。但discussion后可以接about。(錯(cuò))Wehavediscussedabouttheproblem.(對(duì))Wehavediscussedtheproblem.(對(duì))Wehavehadadiscussionabouttheproblem.discusssthwithsb和某人討論……Wewilldiscussthechangesofourschoolwiththemlater.discussfreely自由討論，discussfully/thoroughly充分討論，discusskeenly激烈討論，underdiscussion在討論中，havealongdiscussionabout/onsth對(duì)……進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的討論，aheated/hotdiscussion熱烈的討論。5.suggestion建議Yoursuggestionisveryhelpful.〖點(diǎn)撥〗(1)含有suggestion的主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句中主句謂語(yǔ)用should型虛擬式。Weagreetohissuggestionthatthebook(should)bepublishedoncemore.suggestion的搭配有：makeahelpful/timelysuggestion作出有益(適時(shí))的建議。acton/atone\'ssuggestion=acton/atthesuggestionofsb按照某人的建議做。suggestion,advice和opinionadvice多指根據(jù)自己的學(xué)識(shí)和提出來(lái)的供人參考的意見(jiàn)。suggestion指為改進(jìn)工作、解決問(wèn)題而提出的建議，比advice委婉。opinion是日常用語(yǔ)，指對(duì)某事的觀點(diǎn)、想法。另外，advice是不可數(shù)名詞。Inouropinion,thesetreesmustbecutdownatonce.Wehavedecidedtopaymoreattentiontotheirsuggestions.單元詞組思維運(yùn)用atthedoctor\'s在診所Atthedoctor\'syoucanhaveyoureyesighttested.visitadoctor=seeadoctor看醫(yī)生，看病，就診Hehadtovisitadoctorbecauseofhishearttrouble.apieceofbread一塊面包abit有點(diǎn)兒(修飾形容詞)Theseapplesareabitgreen.這些蘋果有些生。haveagoodrest好好休息一下infourhours\'time四小時(shí)后，四小時(shí)內(nèi)Taketwopillsnowandtwomoreinfours\'time.Theywillarriveintwohours\'time.adietof一種……的食物Everypersonneedswaterandadietofhealthyfoods.8.differentkindsof不同種類的TherearedifferentkindsofmooncakesonMid-AutumnDay.Differentkindsofbook(=Differentkindsofbooks=Booksofdifferentkinds)areonshowinthebookfair.incalories以卡來(lái)計(jì)算Theenergyismeasuredincalories.這種能量以卡來(lái)計(jì)算。beasleep睡者(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))。fallasleep睡著(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)burnup燒掉，燒毀;消耗掉。Whileyouarewalking,yourbodyisburningup100caloriesanhour.Ifthesatellitereturnstotheearthtoofast,itburnsupontheway.Thehouseburnedupbeforethefiremengotthere.asmuchas像……那樣多;多達(dá);到達(dá)……的程度。asmuchas用于不可數(shù)的物體，而asmanyas則用于可數(shù)的物體。該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以變化為：asmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+as或者asmany+可數(shù)名詞+as的形式。Hereisabottleofink.