TheObjectClause一、賓語從句的概念

賓語從句屬于名詞性從句，在句中作主句的賓語。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.

Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語從句三要素引導詞（連接詞）語序時態(tài)不同引導詞引導的賓語從句A類：由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句

C類:

由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，

what

和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導的賓語從句B類:

由從屬連詞

whether,if引導的賓語從句（一）引導詞e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.Hesaid(that)______________________.Theteachertoldus(that)_______________________________.hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesA類:由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句(當賓語從句是陳述句)注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略aroundthesunB類：由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句Iwanttoknow______________________________________.2.Askhim_________________________.3.Iwonder____________________________.4.Couldyoutellme________________________?

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，說明對陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。

whether(if)

MrLiliveshere注意：只能用whether不能用if的情況1.在介詞后面：我正在考慮我是否去釣魚。我們擔心是否明天會下雨。I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedabout

whetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在動詞不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman

3.當與or或ornot連用，或提出兩種選擇時:我不知道他是否有時間。Mary問了是否我在做作業(yè)。告訴我你是想去購物還是整理你的房間。*Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.=Idon’tknowwhether

ornothe’sfree.*MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.*Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.賓語從句提前時：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.1.Heasked_____________________________.2.Doyouknow_________________________?3.Heasked_______________________________.4.Doyouknow_________________________?5.Pleasetellme_____________.6.Canyoutellme________________________?7.Couldyoutellme______________________?

whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosebikewasthebestintheclasswhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislateC類：由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what

和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導的賓從代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。（二）語序：陳述句語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序

即：主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）Doyouremember_________(他多大歲數(shù))?注意：當從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語時，語序不變：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?我不知道怎么了。你能告訴我誰在那。

eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：1）連接詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有：who，what，which等。如：

eg：你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？*Couldyoutellmewhoknowstheanswer，please？

*Thesmallchildrendon'tknowwhatisintheirstockings．2）連接詞＋名詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，howmany，howmuch等。如：

eg：他問我們班上誰的書法最好。老師問我們房間里有多少人。

*Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass．

*Theteacheraskedushowmanypeopletherewereintheroom．

3）連接詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，howmany，howmuch，when，why，how，where，if／whether（在句中不充當任何成分）等。

eg：他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？

*Hehasn‘tdecidedifhe’llgoonatriptoWuxi．

*CouldyoutellmewhatIshoulddowiththemoney？4）連接詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what，which，howmany，howmuch，how等。如：

eg：你知道他在哪個班嗎？她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。*

Doyouknowwhichclassheisin？

*

SheaskedmeifIknewwhosepenitwas．（三）時態(tài)：

1、主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時或一般將來時等“現(xiàn)在”范疇的時態(tài)時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)需要來用，不受主句影響。=主現(xiàn)從隨意Eg：我想知道他今天早上幾點起床的。他將會告訴我們他能夠照顧自己。他們正在說他們真的愛這個城市。Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthis

morning.Hewilltellusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.Theyaresayingthattheyreallylikethiscity.

2、主句用過去時，從句用與過去相關的時態(tài)。=主過從必過

eg：Kate說過在桌子下有一個盒子。

他們問我那個時候他在做什么.她問我是否以前見過她。Katesaidtherewasaboxunderthedesk.

Theyaskedwhathewasdoingthen.

SheaskedwhetherIhadseenherbefore.3.從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，習慣性動作

，仍用現(xiàn)在時。eg：爸爸告訴我們做比說好。他告訴那個男孩3+3=6.他告訴我地球圍繞太陽轉。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.從句中有具體時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍用一般過去時。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.4．注意：

if和when既可以引導賓語從句，也可以引導狀語從句，應注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導賓語從句時，分別意為“是否”和“何時”，其時態(tài)應和主句時態(tài)相呼應；

它們引導狀語從句時，意思分別為“如果，假如”和“當……時候”，當主句時態(tài)是一般將來時時，其時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。Eg：—Doyouknowwhenhe____________backtomorrow？—Sorry，Idon‘tknow．Whenhe________back，I’lltellyou．Eg：—Idon'tknowifhe_____________．—He____________ifitdoesn'train．willcomecomeswillcomewillcome簡化賓語從句常用六法

Eg:

LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.→LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.→Wedecidedtohelphim.方法一：當主句謂語動詞是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。Eg:Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.→Shehasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.方法二：當主句謂語動詞是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。

Eg:CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation？方法三：當主句謂語動詞是tell，ask，show，teach等動詞，且后帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。Eg:Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.→Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.方法四：當主句的謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為“名詞（代詞）+不定式”結構。Eg:Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.→Heinsistedongoingwithus.Thepoorboydoesn’tknowwhenandwherehewasborn.→Thepoorboydoesn’tknowthetimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.方法四：某些動詞后的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。Eg:LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.→LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.方法六：find，see，hear，notice后面的賓語從句可轉化為“賓語+V-ing或者賓語+v形式（作賓語補足語）”結構。

Eg:Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.→Theboysseemedtowin.

方法六：動詞seem后的賓語從句，也可以用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型需要進行適當?shù)淖兓Ｗ⒁猓撼鲜龇椒ㄍ猓€有一些特殊句式的轉化@IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.→IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.@Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.→Soonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.@Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.→Theyfoundtheboxveryheavy注意：賓語從句可以作及物動詞的賓語，作短語動詞的賓語，介詞的賓語。1:短語動詞賓語從句：Eg:

請去弄清楚火車什么時候到.老師指出湯姆學習不夠努力。那得看你怎么做的。Pleasegoandfindoutwhenthetrainwillarrive.HisteacherpointedoutthatTomhadn'tstudiedhardenough.Thatdependsonhowyoudoit.2.及物動詞賓語從句：Eg:誰都知道錢不是長在樹上。你有沒有決定到什么地方去度假？Everybodyknowsthatmoneydoesn'tgrowontrees.Haveyoudecidedwhereyouwillgoforaholiday?3.介詞的賓語從句：Eg:我對她做的事感興趣。Iaminterestedinwhatsheisdoing.注意：賓語從句變否定句。

如果主句的主語是第一人稱I或we時，并且謂語動詞多為think、guess、believe等表示心理活動的詞時，變否定句要否定轉移，即否定主句。否則，變否定句看從句。

Ithinkchickencanswim（變否定句）

Idon’tthinkchickencanswimHesaidthathewouldgoshopping（變否定句）

Hesaidthathewouldnotgoshopping注意：

賓語從句變反意疑問句

如果賓語從句的主句是第一人稱I或we時，變反意疑問句時看從句。如果主句不是第一人稱時則看主句。Ithinkheisagoodstudent，isn’the？

Theywanttoknowifheisagoodstudent，don’tthey？賓語從句專項練習1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.Light(光)goesfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.

Iaskedhimwhat_______________.

7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?thatwere

thatgoesthatwouldbeiftheycanspeakifareplayinghisnamewashowmanypeopleyoucansee

_____8.Wheredidsheputhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.Idon’tknow_____________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.12.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme__________________________________.13.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.賓語從句專項練習wheresheputwhathetalkedwhoknockedifliveswhenthetrainarrivesifwantedTheradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey______________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey___________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_____________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou____________aboutthemurdernow.(talk)willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingweredoingExercise:fillintheblanks9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters______from.(be)10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MrWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundthesun.12.Couldyoutellmewho___________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdidwere將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.

7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.1.TheseflowerswerefromGuangdong.Hesaid.

Hesaid_______theseflowerswerefromGuangdong.2.Lightgoesfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.