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歷年英語一閱讀真題考研1

Text4

It‘snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightful，provocativemagazinecoverstory，“IloveMyChildren，IHateMyLife，”isarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanapletelyfulfilling，life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable，Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness：insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy，weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard，Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.”

ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullock，aswellastheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant”news.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom，ormom-to-be，smilingonthenewsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation，isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?Itdoesn‘tseemquitefair，then，toparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkids，butunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld：obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse，theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealistic，especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples，singleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere，consideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellit，raisingakidontheir“own”(read：withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake.

It‘shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous：mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-free，happiness-enhancingparenthoodaren‘tinsomesmall，subconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperience，inthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgetting“theRachel”mightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston.

36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring

temporarydelight

enjoymentinprogress

happinessinretrospect

lastingreward

37.WelearnfromParagraph2that

celebritymomsareapermanentsourceforgossip.

singlemotherswithbabiesdeservegreaterattention.

newsaboutpregnantcelebritiesisentertaining.

havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic.

38.ItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks

areconstantlyexposedtocriticism.

arelargelyignoredbythemedia.

failtofulfilltheirsocialresponsibilities.

arelesslikelytobesatisfiedwiththeirlife.

39.AccordingtoParagraph4，themessageconveyedbycelebritymagazinesis

soothing.

ambiguous.

pensatory.

misleading.

40.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

Havingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourofcelebritymoms.

Celebritymomshaveinfluencedourattitudetowardschildrearing.

Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwithlife.

Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchildrearing.

歷年英語一閱讀真題考研2

Text4

Twoyearsago.RupertMurdochsdaughter,spokeattheunsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethatthemechanisminsocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarketwethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinuedItsincreasinglyabsenceofpurpose，ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,couldbeeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.Thissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingpanies,suchasInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldforehadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes-findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindingthepredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge-thewidedearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2024tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefencewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intodaysworld,ithasbeenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanymonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions-norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.

36.Accordigntothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby

(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.

(B)paniesfinanciallossduetoimmoralpractices

(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.

37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.

(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrookssdefence

(A)revealedacunningpersonality.

(B)centeredontrivialissues.

(C)washardlyconvincing.

(D)waspartofaconspiracy.

39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

(A)generallydistortedvalues.

(B)unfairwealthdistribution.

(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.

(D)arigidmoralcode.

40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.

(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

歷年英語一閱讀真題考研3

Text4

TheU.S.PostalService(USPS)continuestobleedredink.Itreportedanetlossof$5.6billionforfiscal2024,the10thstraightyearitsexpenseshaveexceededrevenue.Meanwhile,ithasmorethan$120billioninunfundedliabilities,mostlyforemployeehealthandretirementcosts.Therearemanybankruptcies.Fundamentally,theUSPSisinahistoricsqueezebetweentechnologicalchangethathaspermanentlydecreaseddemandforitsbread-and-butterproduct,first-classmail,andaregulatorystructurethatdeniesmanagementtheflexibilitytoadjustitsoperationstothenewreality

Andinterestgroupsrangingfrompostalunionstogreeting-cardmakersexertself-interestedpressureontheUSPS’sultimateoverseer-Congress-insistingthatwhateverelsehappenstothePostalService,aspectsofthestatusquotheydependongetprotected.Thisiswhyrepeatedattemptsatreformlegislationhavefailedinrecentyears,leavingthePostalServiceunabletopayitsbillsexceptbydeferringvitalmodernization.

Noweswordthateveryoneinvolved---Democrats,Republicans,thePostalService,theunionsandthesystemsheaviestusers—hasfinallyagreedonaplantofixthesystem.LegislationismovingthroughtheHousethatwouldsaveUSPSanestimated$28.6billionoverfiveyears,whichcouldhelppayfornewvehicles,amongothersurvivalmeasures.Mostofthemoneywouldefromapenny-per-letterpermanentrateincreaseandfromshiftingpostalretireesintoMedicare.Thelatterstepwouldlargelyoffsetthefinancialburdenofannuallypre-fundingretireehealthcare,thusaddressingalong-standingplaintbytheUSPSanditsunion.

IfitclearstheHouse,thismeasurewouldstillhavetogetthroughtheSenate–wheresomeoneisboundtopointoutthatitamountstothebare,bareminimumnecessarytokeepthePostalServiceafloat,notprehensivereform.There’snochangetocollectivebargainingattheUSPS,amajoromissionconsideringthatpersonnelaccountsfor80percentoftheagency’scosts.AlsomissingisanydiscussionofeliminatingSaturdayletterdelivery.Thatmon-sensechangeenjoyswidepublicsupportandwouldsavetheUSPS$2billionperyear.Butpostalspecial-interestgroupsseemtohavekilledit,atleastintheHouse.Theemergingconsensusaroundthebillisasignthatlegislatorsaregettingfrightenedaboutapoliticallyembarrassingshort-termcollapseattheUSPS.Itisnot,however,asignthatthey’regettingseriousabouttransformingthepostalsystemforthe21stcentury.

36.ThefinancialproblemwiththeUSPSiscausedpartlyby

.itsunbalancedbudget.

.itsrigidmanagement.

.thecostfortechnicalupgrading.

.thewithdrawalofbanksupport.

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,theUSPSfailstomodernizeitselfdueto

.theinterferencefrominterestgroups.

.theinadequatefundingfromCongress.

.theshrinkingdemandforpostalservice.

.theinpetenceofpostalunions.

38.Thelong-standingplaintbytheUSPSanditsunionscanbeaddressedby

.removingitsburdenofretireehealthcare.

.makingmoreinvestmentinnewvehicles.

.adoptinganewrate-increasemechanism.

.attractingmorefirst-classmailusers.

39.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorseemstoviewlegislatorswith

respect.

tolerance.

discontent.

gratitude.

40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

.TheUSPSStartstoMissItsGoodOldDays

.ThePostalService:KeepAwayfromMyCheese

.TheUSPS:ChronicIllnessRequiresaQuickCure

.ThePostalServiceNeedsMorethanaBand-Aid

歷年英語一閱讀真題考研4

Text4

“TheHeartoftheMatter,”thejust-releasedreportbytheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,deservespraiseforaffirmingtheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencestotheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAmerica.Regrettably,however,thereportsfailuretoaddressthetruenatureofthecrisisfacingliberaleducationmaycausemoreharmthangood.

In2024,leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanssentletterstotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.

Inresponse,theAmericanAcademyformedtheCommissionontheHumanitiesandSocialSciences,withDukeUniversityPresidentRichardBrodheadandretiredExelonCEOJohnRoweasco-chairmen.Amongthemissions51membersaretop-tier-universitypresidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,andbusinessexecutives,aswellasprominentfiguresfromdiplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.

Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerallyadmirable.Becauserepresentativegovernmentpresupposesaninformedcitizenry,thereportsupportsfullliteracy;stressesthestudyofhistoryandgovernment,particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericangovernment;andencouragestheuseofnewdigitaltechnologies.

Toencourageinnovationandpetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudentsabilitytosolveproblemsandmunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.Thereportalsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroadprograms.

OneofthemorenovelideasinthereportisthecreationofaCultureCorpsincitiesandtownacrossAmericatotransmithumanisticandsocialscientificexpertisefromonegenerationtothenext.

Unfortunately,despite2?yearsinthemaking,TheHeartoftheMatternevergetstotheheartofthematter:theilliberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcollegesanduniversities.

ThemissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmericascollegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduateswhodontknowthecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethusdeprivedofitsbenefits.Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceathomeoncampushasbeenreplacedbytheuseofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesasvehiclesfordisseminatingprogressive,orleft-liberalpropaganda.

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-relianceandadistrustofcentralplanning—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectualinvestigation.

TheAAASdisplaysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.Yetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepthandbreadthofthechallengethatcongressaskedittoilluminate.

36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheAAAS’sreport?

Critical

Appreciative

Contemptuous

Tolerant

本篇文章選自華爾街日報。主要講的是非自由訓練以及”問題核心”這個報告。

答案解析：

36.選A，該題是細節態度題。并非考察全文的態度，也就是說要細節定位。依據題干定位原則，定位第一段AAAS消失之處，并且肯定要找到表示評價的部分。該題迷惑性很強，由于文章在AAAS后面就又”praise”所以簡單誤導大家選擇答案B“appreciative(觀賞的)”，但是我們應當看到有however，我們知道假如第一段消失轉折，那此轉折肯定跟主旨有關。同時各個題都與主旨相關，所以這道題應當于主旨相關，后文中的“maycausemoreharmthangood.”讓我們知道它的還多余利，所以答案選擇A，批判性的。

37.InfluentialfiguresintheCongressrequiredthattheAAASreportonhowto

retainpeople’sinterestinliberaleducation

definethegovernment’sroleineducation

keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducation

safeguardindividualsrightstoeducation

37，選C，細節題。依據自然段定位原則，36題在第一段出題，38題在第三段出題，那37題在其次段出題的可能性就很大。同時題干定位”InfluentialfiguresintheCongress”與“leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicans”同義替換。定位的答案是askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateand…..,individualbenefactorsandotherstoaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.“Inhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.“也就是說答案重點在maintainnationalexcellence剛好與選項C中的leadingposition進行同義替換。ABD與文章不符合。

38.Accordingto