DiscoveringUsefulStructures—BasicSentenceStructuresUnit1FestivalsandCelebrationsTalkaboutwhatkindoffestivalsyouareinterestedinisbestonebyone.RioCarnivalTheSpringFestivalThanksgivingStep1Lead-inChristmasLaTomatinaComparethefollowingsentencesandfindoutwhat’sfunctionofv.-inginthesentences.Theselanternsareamazing.Sheisswimminginaswimmingpool.?Step2Learnaboutgrammarv.-ingPractiseonebyoneUsethegrammarv.-ingtotalkaboutwhatyoulikebestoffestivals.ExampleTheSpringfestivaltimeisanexcitingoneforme,because…__________________________________________________________________________________動詞--ing形式作表語、定語一、動詞--ing形式作表語常見的有：moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing...這類分詞有“令人……的”的含義，常修飾物。作表語的動詞--ing形式包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞。1．現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，往往具有形容詞的性質(zhì)，說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征等。作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞，許多是由能夠表示人們某種感情或情緒的動詞變化而來的。Theargumentisveryconvincing.這個論點很令人信服。Heremainedstandingbesidethetable.他依然站在桌旁。Step3Learnaboutv.-ingcarefully

不定式和動詞--ed形式也可作表語，但不定式通常強調(diào)一次性的、具體的、將要發(fā)生的動作，動詞--ed形式則表示被動、完成含義。名師點津2．動名詞作表語多表示抽象性的或習慣性的動作，一般說明主語的內(nèi)容。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈。二、動詞--ing形式作定語動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作定語，但有所區(qū)別。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，它和被修飾詞之間有邏輯上的主動關系，表示所修飾

詞進行的動作，相當于一個定語從句。Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.＝Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.在操場上踢足球的那個男孩是我的弟弟。1．動名詞作定語表示被修飾詞的某種性能或用途，相當于for引導的介詞短語。Nooneisallowedtospeakaloudinthereading

room.閱覽室里不準大聲說話。現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞和不定式作定語的一般區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行或習慣性的動作；過去分詞表示被動或完成意義；不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生。Youshouldadapttothechangingsituation.你應該適應不斷變化的形勢。Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaves.地上滿是落葉。I’mlookingforaroomtolivein.我正在找房子住。名師點津Step4Completethepassagewiththeappropriate-ingformLaTomatinaisafestivalthattakesplaceintheSpanishtownBunoleveryAugust.Ithinkmanyfoodfestivalsare_______becausepeoplearejusteating.However,thisfestivalis___________becausepeopledon’tactuallyeatthetomatoes.Instead,theythrowthemateachother!Thenumberofpeople________partinthistomatofightcanreachupto20,000,anditisavery_______fightthatlastsforawholehour.The________thingishowcleanBunolisafterthetomatoesarewashedawayafterthefight.Thisisbecausethejuicefromtomatoesisreallygoodformakingsurfacesclean!1.Howdoyouusethefunctionof-ing?2.What’sthedi