2021屆廣州市蘿崗區蘿崗中學高三英語第四次聯考試卷及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項AWeareproudtopresentashowcaseforkidinventionsfromchildrenchosenfromtheKid'sForumatBluePrintEarth.Wehopeyouenjoytheideasexpressedhereandjoinusinsupportingthenextgeneration.EaterofNaturalDisastersMyinventioncansaveyourhomebysuckingupall-naturaldisasters.Thegovernmentwillnotownthismachine,butbyyousotherewillbenotaxesonit.OrderNow!TheEaterofNaturalDisasterswillrunonrenewablebatteries.Itwillcost50dollarstomakeandIwillsellitforjust$75.CreatedbyMatthewSzekeresh—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGrade.Pick-up-PollutionBombMyinventioniscalledthePick-up-PollutionBomb.Itwilljustpickuppollutionanditwon'thurtanythingelselikepeople,animals,property,playgrounds,andparks.ThereasonwhyImadeitisthatIthinkthereistoomuchpollutionontheEarth.Itsellsfor$100apiece,andifyoubuythisnow,Iwillsendyouanotheroneforfree.CreatedgratefullybyLaurenNewberry—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGradeFlyingHouseMyinventionisahomethatwillblastoffinspace.Forexample,iftherewereanearthquakepeoplewouldimmediatelyblastoff,oriftherewereaflooditwouldtakeoff.Onlyfor$400.99.CreatedbyDavidTurner—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGradeBugRobotMyinventionisarobotthatcatcheslittlebugs,eatslittlebugs,sucksuppollution,sucksupnaturaldisasters,andturnsthemintofoodsolvingtheproblemsoftoomanylittlebugs,naturaldisasters,pollutionandstarvation.Myproductisworth$500.Myinventionworkson2triple—Abatteries.AndifyouorderonetodayI'llthrowin4rechargeabletriple-Abatteries.CreatedbyCassieCourtey—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGradeWhyistheFlyingHousecreated?A.Toexplorethespace. B.Tocleantheair.C.Topreparepeopleforearthquakes.D.Tohelppeopleescapefromnaturaldisasters.Whichinventioncanturnpollutionintofood?A.TheBugRobot. B.ThePick-up-PollutionBomb.C.TheFlyingHouse. D.TheEaterofNaturalDisasters.Whatcanweinferaboutthefourinventions?A.Theyareveryeasytobuild. B.Theyareideasfromkidsinthesameschool.C.Theyareexpensivebutofpracticaluse. D.Theyarebeingusedbypeople.BGlobally,peopleuseroofstodryoutfood,dotheirlaundryandsleep.InBelfast,wherewe'rebased,there'sacultureofenjoyinglookingdownonthecityfromuphigh,becauseit'sinavalley.Butbecausewewereaconflictareaforalongtime,manypeopledidn'twanttolive,workorhangoutinthecity,andourroofscapehasbeenneglected.Rooftopprojectscanbeasbigorassmallasyouwant.Theycanbeusedassocialorculturalspaces,forgreenorbluepublicfacilities.Butit'snotjustaboutcommercialopportunities;itcanbeassimpleasanindividualturninghis/hercitybalconyintoaminigardenorvegetablepatch.It'snotjustaboutdoingitonarooftopbecauseit's“cool”.It'saboutgivingupthedeep-rootedthoughtthatroofsareofflimitsandembracingtheirchallengesasopportunities.Thatcanmakeahugedifference.Forinstance,we'rehelpingturntherooftopcarparkofacitycentralshoppingcentreintoanoutdoorspaceforemployees,duetorestrictionstheynowfaceindoorsbecauseofCOVID-19.Usingrooftopscreativelyallowsustocopewithmanyofthechallengesfacedbycitiestoday--bethoseenvironmental,social,technological,orcultural.Atthemoment,we'rebeingforcedtorethinkhowweusepublicspacesduetoCOVID-19.Withlotsofrestrictionsonenclosedareas,weshouldbeacknowledgingrooftopsalternatives.Forexample,Rotterdamrecentlyhostedaplaythattookplaceacrossitsrooftops.Eachrooflitupandhostedadifferentpartofthedrama,whileresidentssatandwatched,listeningtotheactionthroughheadphones.Arethereanychallenges?Rainisone.Alsoishealthandsafety.Buttherearecreativeandpracticalsolutionstoallthebarriersweface.Infact,thechallengesarewhatmakerooftopssoexciting becausetheygiveyouevenmoreopportunitiestobecreativeandsolveproblems.Itisalwaysamatteroftrialanderror.Whatcanwelearnaboutrooftopsinthefirsttwoparagraphs?Peopleenjoygettingtogetheronrooftops.Peoplecanuserooftopstotheirownadvantage.RooftopsaremadegooduseofbylocalsinBelfast.Rooftopsprojectswerelaunchedforcommercialreasons.Howcanrooftopsbenefitpeopleintheirlife?Rooftopscanbeadaptedtocarparks.Rooftopshelpsolveenvironmentalproblems.Rooftopscanprovidespaceforworkandplay.Peoplecanexchangetheirthoughtsonrooftops.Whatwillbepossiblymentionedafterthelastparagraph?Thenewchallengesofthefuture.Reasonsforbuildingrooftopprojects.Excitingdevelopmentofrooftopprojects.Solutionstothechallengeswearefacingnow.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?TointroducerooftopprojectsinBelfast.Toencouragepeopletostartrooftopprojects.Toanalyzethecurrentsituationofrooftopprojects.Tooffersuggestionsonlong-termcitydevelopment.CMoveover,helicopterparents.“Snowplow（掃雪機）parents”arethenewestreflectionofanintensive（強化的）parentingstylethatcanincludeparentsbookingtheiradultchildrenhaircuts,textingtheircollegekidstowakethemupsotheydon’tsleepthroughatest,andevencallingtheirkids’employers.Helicopterparentingthepracticeofwanderinganxiouslynearone’schildren,monitoringtheireveryactivity,isso20thcentury.Somerichmothersandfathersnowaremorelikesnowplows:machinesmovingahead,clearinganydifficultiesintheirchildren’spathtosuccess,sotheydon’thavetosufferfailure,frustration（挫折）orloseopportunities.Itstartsearly,whenparentsgetonwaitlistsforexcellentpreschoolsbeforetheirbabiesarebornandtrytomakesuretheirkidsneverdoanythingthatmayfrustratethem.Itgetsmoreintensewhenschoolstarts:runningforgottenhomeworktoschoolorcallingacoachtorequestthattheirchildrenmaketheteam.Richparentsmayhavemoretimeandmoneytodevotetomakingsuretheirchildrendon’tevermeetwithfailure,butit’snotonlyrichparentspracticingsnowplowparenting.Thisintensiveparentinghasbecomethemostwelcomewaytoraisechildren,regardlessofincome,education,orrace.Yes,it’saparent’sjobtosupportthechildren,andtousetheiradultwisdomtoprepareforthefuturewhentheirchildrenaren’tmatureenoughtodoso.That’swhyparentshidecertaintoysfrombabiestoavoidgettingangryortakeawayateenager’scarkeysuntilhefinisheshiscollegeapplications.Butsnowplowparentscantakeittoofar,someexpertssay.Ifchildrenhaveneverfacedadifficulty,whathappenswhentheygetintotherealworld?“Solvingproblems,takingrisksandovercomingfrustrationarekeylifeskills,”manychilddevelopmentexpertssay,“andifparentsdon’tlettheirchildrenexperiencefailure,thechildrendon’tacquirethem.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutsnowplowparenting?A.Itappearedbeforehelicopterparenting.Itcostsparentslessthanhelicopterparenting.Itwasatypicalphenomenonofthe20thcentury.Itprovidesmorethanenoughservicesforchildren.WhatismainlydiscussedaboutsnowplowparentinginParagraph4?A.Itscost. B.Itsbenefits. C.Itspopularity. D.Itsending.Whydoestheauthormentionparents’takingawaycarkeys?Toshowteenagersarenobetterthanbabies.Toadviseteenagersnottotreattheircarsastoys.Toadviseparentsnottobuycarsfortheirteenagers.Toshowit’sappropriatetohelpchildrenwhennecessary.What’sthepossibleresultofsnowplowparentingaccordingtotheexperts?Childrenlackingproblem-solvingabilityinreality.Childrenmasteringmorekeylifeskillsthanparents.Childrengaininggreatsuccessineveryaspectoflife.Childrenmeetingnoproblemsorfrustrationaftergrowingup.DI’velongbelievedthatpositivelivingisn’taboutbeingoptimisticeveryminuteofeveryday.Thatkindofpermanentlyhappystatecan’tbethegoal,becauseit’simpossibletoachieve.Itturnsoutthatpsychologicalresearchfindstruehappinesscomesfromauthenticpositivity,andauthenticpositivitycomesfromemotionalflexibility.Beingflexibleemotionallymeansbeingopentothefullrangeofemotionalexperiences,includingthechallengingoneslikeanger,disappointmentandsadness.Emotionalflexibilitymeansbeingabletoshiftbehaviorsandmindsetstomeetdifferentsituationalneeds,andadaptingwhencircumstanceschange.However,emotionallyflexiblepeoplearenotchameleons（變色龍）whoseoutlookchangesbasedonwhichwaythewindisblowing.Instead,emotionalflexibilityisaskillthathelpspeoplejudgethecomplexitiesofdailylife,andsticktotheirdeeplyheldvalues.I’velearnedanewwordthatI’dliketosharewithyou:Eudaimonia（幸福感）.Eudaimoniaistheoppositeofhedonism（享樂主義）,theideathathappinesscomesfromtheconstantpursuitofpleasureandavoidanceofpain.Eudaimonia,bycontrast,encouragesustopursuemeaningandauthenticity,growthandhonestjoy.Botharephilosophicalapproachestohappiness,andrecentpsychologicalthoughtisleaningtowardeudaimoniaasamoresustainable,satisfyingmodel.EudaimoniawasfirstmentionedbyAristotle,whogotthetermfromtheGreekword“daimon,”whichmeans“truenature.”Tome,walkingapositivepathmeansacceptingthatweeachhavepositivetruenatureandpermanentgoodness.Whatwelearnfromtheconceptofeudaimoniaisthatwearebestequippedtorealizethisnaturewhenweareemotionallyhonestandflexible.Whatistheauthor’sbelief?Peopleshouldlivealone.Peoplecan’talwaysbehappy.Peoplecan’talwaysachievetheirgoals.Peopleshouldpursuetrueachievements.Whatdoenmotionallyflexiblepeoplecommitthemselvesto?A.Theirstronglybelievedvalues. B.Theirdifferentneeds.C.Permanenthappiness. D.Thepursuitofhedonism.Howcanpeoplegaineudaimoniaaccordingtotheauthor?A.Bybeinghonesttoothers. B.Bychangingtruenature.C.Bykeepingrealsticallyoptimistic. D.Bypursuingpleasureconstantly.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?Whatisthemeaningofeudaimonia?Whatshouldwedotokeeppositive?Howcanwekeephappyforever?Whycan’tpeoplebehappyallthetime?第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項七選五It’snormaltowakeuponthewrongsideofthebedeverynowandthen.Butwhowantstobeunhappyforanentireday?Thereareafewsimplestepstomaketodayabrighterdayforyou.WakeupearlyBywakingupevenjustfifteenminutesearlier,you’llgiveyourselfabitmoretimetoprepareyourselfforthedayahead. 16 .Soyoushouldconsidersettingyouralarmforthetimewhenyouwanttobeupandoutofbed. 17 Exercisingyourmusclesfirstinthemorningwillrestartyoursystemandsetthetonefortherestoftheday.You'lldosomethinghealthyandproductive,whichwillliftyourmood（心情）andmakeyoumoreenergetic.Morningexercisecanalsopreventmusclepain,helpyousleepsounderandloseweight.Writeato-dolistIfyouhavealotonyourmind,writingato-dolistwillhelp,asitwillenableyoutoorganizeyourthoughtsandclearyourhead.Justwritedowneverythingthatyou’reworriedaboutgettingdone.Thenrewriteitinorderofimportance. 18 .HaveaproperbreakfastBeforeyougoaboutyourday,itisimportanttoeatbreakfast.19.Don’ttrytorushorjustgrab（抓緊吃）somethingonthego.Besuretoeatsomethingthatwillfillyouupaswell,suchasmilkorfriedeggs!Washandpresentyourselfnicely 20 .Thiswillalsomakeyoufeelmoreconfident.Ifyouwanttotreatyourself,runabathinsteadofashower.You’llfindthatalittleme-timecanreallycheerupyourday.DomorningexerciseTakeyourtimeoveritExerciseatleasttwiceaweekEatasmanyvegetablesaspossibleforthebreakfastIt’sawiseideatoshowerandmakeyourselflooktidySoyoucanfocusonthemosturgent（緊急的）tasksrightawayYoucanalsotakethingsslowly,ratherthanrushandstressyourselfout第二部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分45分）第一節（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項Anyonewhohasevertravelledonairplanesknowshowannoyingdelays（延誤）are.Notonlydothey 21 usfromgettingwhereweneedtobe 22 ,theyarealsoreallyboring.That’swhysomeSouthwestAirlinesemployeestriedto 23 theirpassengerswhentheywerehitwithatwo-hourdelaybyholdinga（n） 24 driver’slicensephotocontest（比賽）!Kristen,apassenger,was 25 atfirstwhenherflightwasdelayedforseveralhours.However,heranger 26 whenthegateagentannouncedthestartofa（n） 27 gamecalled“Winaprizefortheworstdriver’slicensepicture”.“MyflighttoWashington,D.C.hadbeendelayedforalmosttwoandahalfhoursandIwasgettingheateduntilthisgateagent 28 playinggameswitheveryonewaitingtopassthetime,afterwhichIstartedthinkingI’llbewillingto 29 hereallnightifyoukeepthisup,”Kristenwroteinherpost,addingthegamewas 30 .Kristen,whowas 31 toWashington,D.C.fromOrlandotovisitfriends,praisedSouthwestAirlinesinherpost,andsomeonefromthecompanyquickly 32 .“I’mgladouragentwasabletomakethedelayalittlemore 33 foryouall,Kristen!We 34 tohaveyouonyourwayassoonaspossible,”thespokespersonsaid,addingwhenKristenaskedthecompanyto 35 theprizetotheOrlando-basedteam,“sendoveryourconfirmation,andI’llbesuretheygettherecognitiontheydeserve!”WhenKristenlaterdescribedher 36 toreporters,shesaid 37 fortheworstphotosincludedSouthwestproductsand$25vouchers（代金券）towardfutureflights.“Iwasreallyannoyedthattheflightkeptgettingdelayed,”Kristensaid.“Oncehestartedplayinggames,Iwas 38 andhavingagreattimeanddidn’teven 39 thattheflightwasdelayed.”Nowondersomanypeople 40_____Southwest!21.A.preventB.freeC.separateD.rescue22.A.inturnB.onpurposeC.ontimeD.inshort23.A.announceB.entertainC.urgeD.drop24.A.bestB.earliestC.largestD.worst25.A.confusedB.angryC.frightenedD.patient26.A.boiledB.returnedC.disappearedD.remained27.A.funnyB.finalC.differentD.important28.A.consideredB.continuedC.admittedD.started29.A.sleepB.waitC.performD.work30.A.amazingB.challengingC.disappointing D.disturbing31.A.movingB.runningC.flyingD.driving32.A.doubtedB.decidedC.apologizedD.replied33.A.competitiveB.bearableC.accessibleD.practical34.A.agreeB.regretC.hopeD.volunteer35.A.showB.presentC.winD.buy36.A.imaginationsB.conditionC.concernsD.experience37.A.prizesB.plansC.servicesD.appeals38.A.wavingB.shoutingC.laughingD.dancing39.A.knowB.suspectC.mentionD.mind40.A.loveB.understandC.needD.follow第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式TheFirsttimesomeonethoughtofanideasimilartoaparachute(降落傘)wasin1514.ItwasLeonardodaVinci 41. sketcheditsdesigninhisnotebook.Manyyearslater,anothermanbythenameofFaustoVeranziopublishedhisowndesign,whichwasstrikinglysimilarto 42. ofDaVinci.Veranziowenton 43. (explain)exactlyhowthisdevicewouldworkwhenjumpingfromahighplace.However,thefirstmantosuccessfullytrytheparachute 44. (say)tobeaFrenchmannamedJ.P.Blanchard.Hedroppedalittledogsittinginabasketallby 45. (it)fromahotairballooninflightandwatcheditlandontheground 4