Unit1重點知識講解Grammar一、情態動詞(ModalVerbs)情態動詞should意為“應該，應當"，必須和后面的動詞原形一起構成謂語，沒有人稱和數的變化。用以表達職責和義務、提出勸告，而且表述的是自己的主觀看法。1.should的句式結構句式結構例句肯定句主語+should+doTheyshouldeatabalaceddiet.他們應該平衡飲食。否定句主語+shouldnot+doTheyshouldn,teattoomuch.他們不該吃得太多。一般疑問句---Should+主語+do+...---yes,主語+should.---No,主語+shouldn’t.---It/stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow太冷了，我該關上窗戶嗎---Yes,you ./No,you.是的，你應該。/不，你不應該。的用法用法例句表示勸告、建議You answerthequestioninEnglish.你應該用英語回答這個問題。表示推測They beathomenow,Ithink.我認為，他們現在應該在家。表示驚訝、贊嘆、不滿等How Iknowit我怎么知道這間事情呢注意：should在以why，who,how等疑問詞開頭的問句中，意為“竟然，居然，怎么會”，表示意外、驚喜或在說話人看來是不可思議的。

、其他表示建議的句型用法例句Shallwe/I+do+…Shallwe forawalk咱們去散步好嗎What/Howabout+doing/sth...Whatabout swimming去游泳怎么樣Let/s+do...Let,s and吧。 them.咱們去看看他們You'd/We,dbetter(not)+do...We waitalittlelonger.我們最好再稍等一會兒。Whydon,tyou+do…Whydon'tyou 為什么不出去散步呢 awalkoutsideWhynot+do...Why 為什么不出去散步呢 awalkoutside三、反身代詞表示反射或強調的代詞叫做反身代詞。反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱代詞的賓格形式，詞尾加self或selves組成。反身代詞可譯“本人”、“本身”，為加強語氣，也常翻譯為“親自"、"自己"。不定人稱代詞one——oneself.1、反身代詞的分類"------<_ 人稱 ，第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數myselfyourselfHimself,herself,itself復數ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2、反身代詞的用法用法說明例句作動詞的賓語常用于enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,dress,help,lookafter,getdressed作賓語Heisteaching English.他在自學英語。Weenjoyed lastnight.昨天晚上我們玩得很開心。做介詞的賓語常用于in,on,with,of,after,by作賓Shelivesby inthe語countryside.她一個人生活在鄉下。做同位語 強調作用、加強語氣Didyoumakethecake這蛋糕是你親自做的嘛Mr.Black isalawyer.布萊克先生本人就是一名律師。做表語 強調“自己”Justbe .做你自己就好了。Maryhasn,tquitebeen recently.瑪麗最近有些不對勁。單詞的用法SectionAWhat,sthematter怎么了該句常用詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了什么麻煩，其后用with引出對象。.What,sthematterwithsb.=what,swrongwithsb.=what,sthetrouble/problemwithsb.=what,sone,strouble/problem.What,sthematterwithTom=what‘swithTom=What'sthewithTom=What'sTom,s.matter,名詞，“問題，事情”.Wehaveimportant(matter)todiscuss.我們有些重要的問題要討論。.動詞，“要緊，關系重大”.Itdosen'tthatyoucamelate.Ihaveacold.我感冒了。.have/get/catchacold”感冒，著涼”Theoldmanacoldyesterday那位老人昨天感冒了。.“have+a/an+疾病名稱〃意為“得了.…病”haveafever,haveacough,haveaheadache..Ihaveasoreback.我背痛。“Ihaveasore+身體部位”意為“…痛”辨析sore和achesore形容詞，意為“疼痛的；酸痛的”用于身體部位名詞前sorefeetsorelegsorethroatache名詞，構成復合詞headache;stomachacheliedownandandrest..lie的不同含義及詞性變化單詞詞性詞義現在分詞過去式過去分詞lie動詞躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie動詞說謊lyingliedLiedlie名詞謊言無無無Katy(lie)onthebedandreadtheletterlastnight.凱蒂昨晚躺在床上看書。He(lie)tomeabouttheresult.對于結果他對我說了謊。.rest動詞，“休息，放松”Mayhimrestinpeace.have/takearest休息，放松=restYouneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.takebreaks=take/haveabreak休息Weareabreakunderthetree.我們正在樹下休息。Yeah，IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.是的，我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐太久了。.Inthesameway:以同樣的方式，以相同的方式Sheworkedoutthemathprobleminthesameway..without為介詞，意為“無，沒有，不”Youcan,tbuythingsmoney!你沒有錢就買不了東西。Heleftwithoutanything.他什么都沒有說就離開了。...Whenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideogtheroad.這時，司機看到路邊躺著一位老人。see/watch/notice/hearsth. 強調看到/聽到的動作的正在進行see/watch/notice/hearsth. 強調看到/聽到的動作的完整性.Ioftenhiminthegardenlastmonth.上個月，我總是看到他在花園里干活。(強調全過程)IhiminthegardenwhenIpassedbyyersterday.昨天我看見他正在花園里干活。(強調動作正在進行)Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus..expect+名詞/代詞“期待；預料”Iamaphonecallfromher.我正在等她的電話。.expecttodosth.Sheexpectstogotherenextweek.她期望下周去那里。.expectsb.todosth.Heexpectedhertogowithhim..expect+that從句Iexpectthathe,llcomebacktomorrow.Buttomysurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim..toone,ssurprise"使…驚訝的是，出乎…意料”my(surprise),herefusedtocooperatewithus.讓我驚訝的是，他拒絕與我們合作。.agree“同意”agreetodosth."同意做某事”agreewithsb.agreeonsth."就某事達成一致”.Mymotheragreed(buy)meanewpen.Ientirelyagreeyou.Weagreethequestion.辨析thanksto/thanksforthanksto“多虧，由于〃，to是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或doingthanksfor“因…而感謝”，for后接感謝的原因，常為名詞或doing形式，Thanksyou,Iamnotlost.幸虧你我才沒有迷路。Thankssendingmesuchanicegift.謝謝你寄給我這么好的一個禮物。getintotrouble"造成麻煩(或煩惱)；陷入困境"trouble是不可數名詞。beintrouble“再麻煩和困境中〃Lisatroublewhensheclimedthemountain.Letushelpthepeoplewhoare.Didyoufalldownfall---fell---fallenfalldown意為“倒下”，強調的是“滑倒，倒下”，不能直接跟賓語，加from連接賓語，falldownfrom，表示“從…摔下"falloff“跌落〃，強調的是“從某處跌落，摔下來”=falldownfrom.Thedogdowndead.那條狗倒下去死了。Theboythetreeandbrokehislegs.Thegirlthebike.SectionBSomeonefeltsick.Sick;生病的，惡心的。ill也是生病的，也可表示品質惡劣的辨析sick和illsick既可以作定語，也可以用作表語。表語時“惡心的”ill既可以作定語，也可以用作表語。作定語時：表示“品質惡劣的”.EverytimeIgetonaboat,Ifeel.Heisanstudent,becausehesmokesanddrinks.Ihavetolookaftermysisterhomeathometoday.Someonegothitonthehead.有人頭部受到了撞擊。.gethit為系表結構：gethit+on/in+the+身體部位的名詞，表示"某身體部位受到了撞擊”.Thepoliceofficerontheshoulder.這位警官的肩膀受到了撞擊。.hit,“打擊，擊中〃如果強調“集中某人的部位”可以用“hitsb.on/inthe+身體部位”.Thebullethithimontheback.子彈擊中了他的后背。.hit可以做名詞，“轟動一時的成功的人或事；風靡一時的作品”。.Thesongwasahitatonce.haveproblemsbreathing.breathe,a.動詞“呼吸”.Hewasbreathinghardwhenhefinishedtherace.b.名詞，breath，沒有“e”takeadeepbreath深呼吸；holdone,sbreath屏住呼吸.haveproblems(in)doingsth."做某事有困難或麻煩”.IhaveEnglish.我學習英語有困難。辨析beusedtodoing/beusedtodo/usedtodobeusedtodoing意為“習慣于”，to是介詞+名詞/doingbeusedtodo意為“被用來做…”to為不定式符號+do原形usedtodo意為“過去常常”，to為不定式符號+do原形Iamtoupearly.我習慣早起。Apenisto.鋼筆是用來寫字的。Hetobooksforanhoureveryday他過去常常每天讀一個小時的書。find+賓語+賓補.find賓語adj.Wefoundhimdishonest.我們發現他不誠實。.find賓語doingWefoundhimothers,homework.我們發現他在抄別人作業。.find賓語副詞和介詞短語Iamsogladtofindyou.我很高興發現你在家。Ifoundtheclothesstyle.我發現這些衣服過時了。6.辨析runout/runoutof用盡，耗盡runout"動詞+副詞〃結構。相當于不及物動詞，后面不接賓語，主語通常是“事物”時間，金錢等runoutof“動詞+副詞+介詞”結構。相當于及物動詞，后面可以接賓語，主語通常是“人”Ourmoneyisout.我們的錢快用光了。Wearerunningoutmoney.我們的錢快用光了。辨析sothat/so...thatsothat“以便，為了”=inorderthat,引導目的狀語從句，常與can,could,may,might,will,would,should等情態動詞或助動詞。so....that“如此…以至于”，引導結果狀語從句，so為副詞，+adj/adv;that后跟從句。可以與...enoughtodo...和too.todo...進行同義句轉換。.Theygotupearlytheycouldcatchtheearlybus.SayslowyIcanfollowyou.TomranfastIcouldn,tcatchupwithhim.=Tomranfastcatchupwith.so...that用法。.so+adj./adv.+that.so+adj.+(+a/an)+n.+that.so+many/much/few/little+.Theceilingissohighthatwecouldn,treach.天花板如此高，我們夠不著。Hissonissotallamanthathealmostreachestheceiling.他兒子那么高，幾乎夠到天花板了。Katehadsomanyfallsthatshewasblackandblueallover凱特跌倒了好多次，摔得身體青一款紫一塊。giveup放棄.“動詞+副詞”代詞做賓語，代詞放中間。giveit/them/him/her...up.giveupdoingit,sgoodforyoutogiveup.戒煙對你有好處。Ihurtmyselfplayingsoccer.playingsoccer現在分詞做伴隨狀語。表示動作同時發生。其邏輯主語為句子的主語。.Istayeduplateyesterday,foratest.昨天我為測驗熬夜學習到很晚。cutinranoutofhaveasorebackonthetimeattimesintimeinthetimecutinranoutofhaveasorebackonthetimeattimesintimeinthetime重點精準檢測一、單項選擇。()1.Thepearistoobigforme.Letmeapartforyou.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.cutdown B.cutoff Ccutup D.()2.Graceboughtalotofnewclothesandallhermoney.A.runout B.runoutof C.ranof D.()3.Yourtemperatureis39°C.Maybeyou.A.haveacold B.haveaheadache C.haveafever D.()4.—Didyoucatchyourplane—Yes.Wegottherejust.()5.Suecametothesmalltownfiveyearsagoandsheherenow.A.isusedtolive B.isusedtolivingC.usedtoliving D.usedtolive()6.Tosurprise,thefive-year-oldboycansingsomanyEnglishsongs.A.my B.me C.I D.mine()7.Emmalikesdancingandshekeepsoneveryday.A.dancing B.dances C.dance D.todance()8.—Whathappenedyouyesterday—Ihurtmyselfin.class.A.to B.on C.at D.with()9.Jimisalwayssobusyhehaslittletimeforhisfamily.A.if B.until C.that D.when()10.—Hi,John,—Mydog,slegishurt.A.Howareyou B.What,sthematter C.Who,sthat D.What,sLucylike二、用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空。Look!Adogis(lie)bythesideoftheroad.Thelittlegirlusuallyfinishesherhomeworkby(her)antidoesn/tneedothers'help.WhenIcameintothelibrary,Isawhim(read)abookthere.Mr.Greenagreed(help)mewithmymath.Youarclateforschoolagain.Ithinkyoushould(get)upearlytomorrow.Whatdoeshemean(do)Didyoumakea(decide)tostudymedicineMr.Liputsomany(knife)intohisbag.Mydreamistobea(climb)oneday.Thelittledog's(die)mademeverysad.三、根據首字母或漢語提示完成下列句中所缺的單詞。Susantookhertemperatureandfoundshehadahighf.IhaveatandIcan,teatanything.Youlooksotired,soyouneedtohavear.Tonyusuallyplaysgameswithhisclassmatesduringthebbetweentwoclasses.IhaveasthroatsoIcan,tsayaword.Weusuallywalkwithour（腳）andseewithoureyes.I’mfeelingterrible.Ihavea（胃痛）.Theriveristoodeep,butTomandTonytake（冒險）ofswimmingthere.Alexgothurtinthecaraccidentandlostmuch（血）.Kate,smotherworksinahospital.She′sa（護士）.四、根據漢語提示完成下列句子。.他下了火車，然后就回家了。Hethetrainandthenwenthome..多虧了那位老人，我們找到了回家的路。theoldman,wefoundourwayhome..請記住當你生氣的時候，不要做決定。Pleaseremembernottowhenyouareangry..為了能趕上火車，我六點鐘就出發了。IleftatsixIcouldcatchthetrain..為了成功你不得不去冒險。Youhavetoinordercatchtosucceed.五、用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空（有兩個多余）。knifebreakdecideadvisetroubleriskhighhurtliedifferentseemcough

Johnlikestodosportverymuch.Hisfavoritesportismountainclimbing.Lastspring,hemadeabig1.—t