第基于歐姆龍PLC的污水處理系統設計

摘要

目前，我國大多數污水處理控制系統自動化水平不高、安全性低，效率普遍低于世界標準，而且污水處理成本居高不下，污水廠排放的處理過的污水的水質不穩定。污水處理系統中的曝氣過程控制、數據通訊和監控管理是急需解決的主要問題。所以如何建立有效的自控系統，優化運行效果，減少運行費用，具有重要意義。

本系統設計的污水處理采用A2/O處理工藝，整個監控系統分為三部分:現場數據采集部分，完成數據采集功能；現場控制單元，分現場控制柜和PLC站，現場控制柜主要完成手動控制，PLC站主要完成數據處理、自動控制及通訊功能；上位監控部分，主要監視現場各工藝流程運行狀況并實施遠程控制功能。

本系統以OMRON公司的PLC作為數據采集及控制單元，配合各種檢測儀表和控制設備對污水的液位、流量、pH值、溫度及溶解氧濃度等控制量進行數據采集。同時，按照控制要求對各個現場設備如粗細格柵、提升泵、鼓風機等進行相應控制。根據工藝流程和控制要求設立了3個分布站，各站通過以太網與上位機相連。上位機通過組態王和各站進行數據交換，從而實現集中控制。

關鍵詞：污水處理，PLC，工藝流程

Abstract

Atpresent,themajorityofoursewagetreatmentcontrolsystemautomationlevelisnothigh,lowsecurity,efficiencyisgenerallylowerthantheworldstandard.Andhighcost,thequalityofsewagetreatmentisunstable.Inthesewagetreatmentsystem,theaerationprocesscontrol,datacommunicationsandmonitoringandmanagementarethemainissuesthatneedtoberesolved.Sohowtoestablisheffectiveautomaticcontrolsystemtooptimizetheoperatingresults,andreducesoperatingcostsisofgreatsignificance.ThesystemofsewagetreatmentplantusingtheA2/Oprocessingtechnology,thewholemonitoringsystemispidedintothreeparts:thefielddataacquisition,tocompletethedataacquisitionfunction;fieldcontrolunit,pidedintothecontrolcabinetandPLCstation,thecontrolcabinetismainlytocompletethemanualcontrol,PLCstationmainlycompletesthedataprocessing,automaticcontrolandcommunication;PCmonitoringsection,themainsurveillancesitetheprocessoperatingconditionsandtheimplementationofremotecontrolfunction.

ThissystemusingOMRONPLCasthedatacollectionandcontrolunit,withavarietyofinstrumentationandcontrolequipmentforsewageliquidlevel,flowrate,pHvalue,temperatureanddissolvedoxygenconcentrationcontroldatacollection,atthesametime,inaccordancewiththerequirementsofthecontrolthefieldequipmentsuchasthicknessgrille,liftingpump,blowerandthecorrespondingcontrol.Thesystemaccordingtothetechnicalprocessandcontrolrequirementsfortheestablishmentof3distributionstations,eachstationthroughtheEthernetandthePCconnected.PCisusingKingviewtoexchangedatawitheachstation,thusrealizingthecentralizedcontrol.

Keywords：Sewagetreatment,PLC,process

目錄

摘要....................................................................IABSTRACT................................................................II目錄..................................................................III前言...................................................................VI第一章緒論.............................................................1.4

城市污水處理國內外發展現狀......................................................................................1課題研究的目的和意義................................................................................................2本論文的主要工作......................................................................................................2本章小結....................................................................................................................3

第二章城市污水處理的工藝流程..............................................32.1污水處理指標.................................................................................................................32.2污水處理的基本工藝方法.................................................................................................52.3本系統采用的工藝介紹....................................................................................................62.4本章小結........................................................................................................................7第三章城市污水處理控制系統方案設計.........................................83.1設計原則........................................................................................................................83.2設計思想........................................................................................................................83.3系統構成........................................................................................................................83.3.1系統結構圖..............................................................................................................83.3.2各單元功能描述.......................................................................................................93.4本章小結......................................................................................................................10第四章控制系統硬件設計..................................................114.1儀表系統......................................................................................................................114.1.1儀表選型原則........................................................................................................114.1.2本系統主要儀表......................................................................................................114.2PLC1站設計..................................................................................................................124.2.1粗格柵...................................................................................................................124.2.2提升泵房...............................................................................................................124.2.3細格柵..................................................................................................................134.2.4曝氣沉砂池...........................................................................................................134.2.5控制柜設計...........................................................................................................OMRONCJ1M介紹.............................................................................................PLC1站設計....................................................................................................PLC1站選型....................................................................................................154.3PLC2站設計..................................................................................................................164.3.1鼓風機電器控制原理..............................................................................................164.3.2控制柜設計...........................................................................................................18

PLC2站設計....................................................................................................PLC2站選型....................................................................................................184.4PLC3站設計..................................................................................................................184.4.1生化反應池...........................................................................................................194.4.2二沉池..................................................................................................................194.4.3污泥回流泵房........................................................................................................194.4.4污泥貯池...............................................................................................................194.4.5控制柜設計...........................................................................................................PLC3站設計....................................................................................................PLC3站選型....................................................................................................204.5本章小結......................................................................................................................21第五章控制系統軟件設計..................................................235.1PLC編程.......................................................................................................................235.1.1編程軟件...............................................................................................................235.1.2PLC編程................................................................................................................硬件組態........................................................................................................程序設計........................................................................................................245.2上位監控畫面設計.........................................................................................................285.2.1圖形界面設計...........................................................................