OrganizationalBehavior,(Robbins)18e

Chapter13PowerandPolitics

1)Powerisafunctionof.

A)goalcongruency

B)realization

C)inheritance

D)dependence

E)altruism

Answer:D

Explanation:Powerisafunctionofdependence.Leadersusepowerasameansofattaininggroupgoals.Powerdoesnotrequiregoalcompatibility,justdependence.Leadership,ontheotherhand,requiressomecongruencebetweenthegoalsoftheleaderandthosebeingled.Forapowersituationtoexist,onepersonorgroupneedstohavecontroloverresourcestheotherpersonorgroupvalues.LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

2)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingpower?

A)AissaidtohavepoweroverBifBcontrolssomethingthatAdesires.

B)ThegreaterA*sdependenceonB,thegreaterA'spowerintherelationship.

C)IfAhasthecapacitytoinfluencethebehaviorofB,thenAissaidtohavepoweroverB.

D)AcanhavepoweroverBonlyifAisB*sleader.

E)AcanhavepoweroverBonlywhenAandBhavesimilargoals.

Answer:C

Explanation:IfAhasthecapacitytoinfluencethebehaviorofB,thenAissaidtohavepoweroverB.Themostimportantaspectofpoweristhatitisafunctionofdependence.ThegreaterB*sdependenceonA,thegreaterA*spowerintherelationship.

LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

3)Whichofthefollowingisadifferentiatingfactorbetweenpowerandleadership?

A)control

B)influence

C)ability

D)goalcompatibility

E)negativeaffect

Answer:D

Explanation:Powerdoesnotrequiregoalcompatibility,merelydependence.Leadership,ontheotherhand,requiressomecongruencebetweenthegoalsoftheleaderandthosebeingled.LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

4)Whichofthefollowingissomethingthatoftendifferentiatespowerfromleadership?

A)lackofdependenceoffollowers

B)useofpositivestylesovernegativetactics

C)downwardinfluenceofleaderonfollowers

D)lackofgoalcompatibilitybetweenleadersandfollowers

E)lackofcontrolonbehavioroffollowers

Answer:D

Explanation:Powerdoesnotrequiregoalcompatibility,merelydependence.Leadership,ontheotherhand,requiressomecongruencebetweenthegoalsoftheleaderandthosebeingled.LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

5)Whichofthefollowingistruewithregardtoleadership?

A)Itmaximizestheimportanceoflateralandupwardinfluencepatterns.

B)Iteliminatestherequirementofgoalcompatibility.

C)Itstimulatesresearchintheareaoftacticsofinfluence.

D)Itfocusesondownwardinfluenceonfollowers.

E)Itencouragesdependenceoffollowersonleaders.

Answer:D

Explanation:Leadershipfocusesonthedownwardinfluenceonfollowers.Itminimizestheimportanceoflateralandupwardinfluencepatterns,whilepowerdoesnot.

LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

6)Researchonpowerislikelytoprovideinformationonthemosteffective.

A)leadershipstylesformotivatingfollowers

B)methodstoreducedependenceonleaders

C)tacticsforgainingcomplianceofemployees

D)methodsofrewardingsuccessfulemployees

E)modesofassessingemployeeperformance

Answer:C

Explanation:Researchonpowerfocusesontacticsforgainingcompliance.Itgoesbeyondtheindividualastheexerciserofpowerbecausegroupsaswellasindividualscanusepowertocontrolotherindividualsorgroups.

LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Concept

7)Unlikepower,leadershiprequiressomedegreeofgoalcompatibility.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Powerdoesnotrequiregoalcompatibility,merelydependence.Leadership,ontheotherhand,requiressomecongruencebetweenthegoalsoftheleaderandthosebeingled.LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

8)Forapowersituationtoexist,onepersonorgroupneedstohavecontroloverresourcestheotherpersonorgroupvalues.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Forapowersituationtoexist,onepersonorgroupneedstohavecontroloverresourcestheotherpersonorgroupvalues.Thisisusuallythecaseinestablishedleadershipsituations.However,powerrelationshipsarepossibleinallareasoflife,andpowercanbeobtainedinmanyways.

LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

9)Ifyouwantacollegedegreeandhavetopassacertaincoursetogetit,andyourcurrentinstructoristheonlyfacultymemberinthecollegewhoteachesthecourse,shehaspoweroveryou.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Apersoncanhavepoweroveryouonlyifheorshecontrolssomethingyoudesire.Ifyouwantacollegedegreeandhavetopassacertaincoursetogetit,andyourcurrentinstructoristheonlyfacultymemberinthecollegewhoteachesthecourse,shehaspoweroveryoubecauseyouralternativesarehighlylimitedandyouplaceahighdegreeofimportanceontheoutcome.

LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Concept

10)Definepower.

Answer:PowerreferstoacapacitythatAhastoinfluencethebehaviorofBsoBactsinaccordancewithA*swishes.Someonecanthushavepowerbutnotuseit;itisacapacityorpotential.Probably,themostimportantaspectofpoweristhatitisafunctionofdependency.ThegreaterB*sdependenceonA,thegreaterA'spowerintherelationship.Dependence,inturn,isbasedonalternativesthatBperceives,andtheimportanceBplacesonthealternative(s)Acontrols.Apersoncanhavepoweroveryouonlyifheorshecontrolssomethingyoudesire.LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Concept

11)Contrastleadershipandpower.

Answer:Powerdoesnotrequiregoalcompatibility,merelydependence.Leadership,ontheotherhand,requiressomecongruencebetweenthegoalsoftheleaderandthosebeingled.Aseconddifferencerelatestothedirectionofinfluence.Leadershipfocusesonthedownwardinfluenceonone'sfollowers.Itminimizestheimportanceoflateralandupwardinfluencepatterns.Powerdoesnot.Stillanotherdifferencedealswithresearchemphasis.Leadershipresearch,forthemostpart,emphasizesstyle.ItseeksanswerstosuchquestionsasHowsupportiveshouldaleaderbe?Howmuchdecisionmakingshouldbesharedwithfollowers?Theresearchonpowerencompassesabroaderareaandfocusesontacticsforgainingcompliance.Powercanbeusedbygroupsaswellasbyindividualstocontrolotherindividualsorgroups.

LO:13.1:Contrastleadershipandpower.

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Concept

12)Thetwogeneralgroupingsintowhichpowermaybecategorizedare.

A)informationalandpersonal

B)formalandinformal

C)informalandlegitimate

D)formalandpersonal

E)directandindirect

Answer:D

Explanation:Thebasesorsourcesofpoweraredividedintotwogeneralgroupings,formalandpersonal.Thesetwogroupingsarethenbrokendownintomorespecificcategories.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

13)powerisbasedonthefearofthenegativeresultsfromfailingtocomply.

A)Legitimate

B)Coercive

C)Punitive

D)Referent

E)Abusive

Answer:B

Explanation:Thecoercivepowerbasedependsonfearofthenegativeresultsfromfailingtocomply.Itrestsontheapplication,orthethreatofapplication,ofphysicalsanctionssuchastheinflictionofpain,frustrationthroughrestrictionofmovement,orthecontrollingbyforceofbasicphysiologicalorsafetyneeds.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

14)Inthelastoneweek,MayandPhyllishavebeenputtinginextrahoursatworksothattheprojectassignedtothemiscompletedontime.Thoughthemanagerwasduetoassigntwomorepeopletothisproject,hehadnotdonesoand,instead,wasemphasizingtoemployeestheimportanceofadheringtotheneedsofthedepartmentinregardtoworkload.Asaresult,MayandPhyllis,whohaddoubletheirroutineworkload,complainedtothedivisionmanager.Maywaspromptlysuspendedfromworkforcomplainingaboutherimmediatesupervisor.Thisscenariodescribespower.

A)reward

B)legitimate

C)coercive

D)expert

E)referent

Answer:C

Explanation:Thecoercivepowerbasedependsonfearofthenegativeresultsfromfailingtocomply.Attheorganizationallevel,AhascoercivepoweroverBifAcandismiss,suspend,ordemoteB,assumingBvalueshisorherjob.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

AACSB:Analyticalthinking

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Application

15)powerrepresentsthecompliancethatisachievedbasedontheabilitytodistributepositivebenefitsthatothersviewasvaluable.

A)Legitimate

B)Coercive

C)Reward

D)Personal

E)Reflective

Answer:C

Explanation:Theoppositeofcoercivepowerisrewardpower,withwhichpeoplecomplybecauseitproducespositivebenefits;someonewhocandistributerewardsothersviewasvaluablewillhavepoweroverthem.Theserewardscanbeeitherfinancial,suchascontrollingpayrates,ornonfinancial,includingrecognitionorpromotions.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Concept

16)Asaregionalsalesofficer,oneofBrandon'sjobresponsibilitiesistoprocesstheyearlyappraisalformsofhissubordinatesandprovidethemwithincrements,bonuses,orbenefitsbasedontheirperformancethatyear.Thisjobresponsibilitydirectlyreflectshis.

A)activepower

B)expertpower

C)referentpower

D)rewardpower

E)coercivepower

Answer:D

Explanation:Theoppositeofcoercivepowerisrewardpower,withwhichpeoplecomplybecauseitproducespositivebenefits;someonewhocandistributerewardsothersviewasvaluablewillhavepoweroverthem.Theserewardscanbeeitherfinancial,suchascontrollingpayrates,ornonfinancial,includingrecognitionandpromotions.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

AACSB:Analyticalthinking

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Application

17)Legitimatepowerisdirectlybasedon.

A)charismaoftheleader

B)interpersonaltrustandcommitmentofthemanager

C)structuralpositionofthemanagerintheorganization

D)personalitytraitsofthemanager

E)abilityofthemanagertoservehisorhersubordinates

Answer:C

Explanation:Informalgroupsandorganizations,probablythemostcommonaccesstooneormoreofthepowerbasesisthroughlegitimatepower.Itrepresentstheformalauthoritytocontrolanduseorganizationalresourcesbasedonstructuralpositionintheorganization.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

18)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardinglegitimatepower?

A)Legitimatepowerdevelopsoutofadmirationofanotherandadesiretobelikethatperson.

B)Legitimatepowercomesfromanindividual'suniquecharacteristics.

C)Legitimatepowerisbroaderthanthepowertocoerceandreward.

D)Celebritieswhoendorseproductsincommercialswieldlegitimatepoweroverpeople.

E)Legitimatepowerisatypeofpersonalpower.

Answer:C

Explanation:Informalgroupsandorganizations,probablythemostcommonaccesstooneormoreofthepowerbasesisthroughlegitimatepower.Itrepresentstheformalauthoritytocontrolanduseorganizationalresourcesbasedonstructuralpositionintheorganization.Legitimatepowerisbroaderthanthepowertocoerceandreward.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

19)Whichofthefollowingtypesofpowercanbecategorizedaspersonalpower?

A)coercive

B)legitimate

C)reward

D)referent

E)positional

Answer:D

Explanation:PersonalpowercomesfromanindividuaFsuniquecharacteristics.Therearetwobasesofpersonalpower:expertpowerandreferentpower.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

20)powerisinfluencewieldedasaresultofproficiency,specialskill,orknowledge.

A)Legitimate

B)Reward

C)Referent

D)Expert

E)Coercive

Answer:D

Explanation:Expertpowerisinfluencewieldedasaresultofexpertise,specialskill,orknowledge.Asjobsbecomemorespecialized,webecomeincreasinglydependentonexpertstoachievegoals.Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatphysicianshaveexpertiseandhenceexpertpower:Mostofusfollowourdoctor'sadvice.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

21)AtthePRfirmwhereGeraldworks,everyoneconsidershimtobeverygoodwithhisworkanddependsheavilyonhisknowledgetohelptheorganizationtosolveitsproblems.Geraldisoftenseenteachinginternsasimplerwaytopresentanarticle,helpingprojectmanagerswithscheduling,andeventheCEOoftenaskshimforhisopiniononimportantmattersbecauseofhisexperienceandskill.Gerald'sspecializedknowledgedepictshis.

A)expertpower

B)coercivepower

C)legitimatepower

D)referentpower

E)rewardpower

Answer:A

Explanation:Expertpowerisinfluencewieldedasaresultofexpertise,specialskill,orknowledge.Asjobsbecomemorespecialized,webecomeincreasinglydependentonexpertstoachievegoals.Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatphysicianshaveexpertiseandhenceexpertpower:Mostofusfollowourdoctor'sadvice.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

AACSB:Analyticalthinking

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Application

22)powerisbasedonidentificationwithapersonwhohasdesirableresourcesorpersonaltraits.

A)Coercive

B)Legitimate

C)Referent

D)Expert

E)Reward

Answer:C

Explanation:Referentpowerisbasedonidentificationwithapersonwhohasdesirableresourcesorpersonaltraits.IfIlike,respect,andadmireyou,youcanexercisepowerovermebecauseIwanttopleaseyou.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

23)CarlbelievesthatheisluckytobeworkingunderamanagerlikeMr.Parker-conscientious,flexibleandeasytoworkwith.ItwasMr.ParkerwhohelpedCarllearnthedemandsofthejob,gavehimopportunitiestolearnfromthemistakeshemade,andalwaysprovidedsoundadvice.Mr.Parker,whohasbeeninthefieldforovereighteenyears,nevermadeCarlfeellikeanoviceandthisonlyincreasedCarl'spersonalconfidenceinhisworkandhisloyaltytowardhismanager.Carl,whoisnowdoingverywellonthejob,aimstobeamanagerlikeMr.Parker.Fromthisscenario,whichofthefollowingconclusionscanbedrawn?

A)Mr.Parkerisanauthoritarianmanager.

B)Carlhasalowdegreeoftrustpropensity.

C)Mr.Parkerhasahighdegreeofreferentpower.

D)Mr.Parkerengagesinalotofingratiation.

E)Mr.Parkerexercisesahighdegreeofcoercivepower.

Answer:C

Explanation:Mr.ParkerhasahighdegreeofreferentpowerasCarlidentifieswithhimandwishestobelikehim.Referentpowerisbasedonidentificationwithapersonwhohasdesirableresourcesorpersonaltraits.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

AACSB:Analyticalthinking

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Application

24)Whichofthefollowingistruewithregardtobasesofpower?

A)Coercivepowerinvolvesanidentificationwithandimitationofthepersoninpower.

B)Legitimatepowerisusedbycompanieswhentheyhirecelebritiestopromotetheirproducts.C)Expertandreferentpowerarethetwomajortypesofformalpower.

D)Thepersonalsourcesofpoweraremosteffectiveforincreasingemployeeperformanceandsatisfaction.

E)Rewardpoweristhemostcommonandbroadtypeofpowerseeninoperationinorganizations.Answer:D

Explanation:Ofthethreebasesofformalpower(coercive,reward,legitimate)andtwobasesofpersonalpower(expert,referent),researchsuggestsprettyclearlythatthepersonalsourcesofpoweraremosteffective.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Concept

25)WillPatenisthemanagerofateamoftwelvepeopleinthemarketingdivisionofPalmerInc.Will,whohasbeenworkinginthecompanyforelevenyears,isheldinhighregardandlikedbyallhiscolleaguesandsubordinates.However,AaronandAbby,twoofhissubordinates,arenotedforfrequentlyfloutinghisrulesanddirectives.TheycontinuebehavinginthismannerevenafterWillhadcategoricallyrequestedthemtorefrainfromupsettingthemomentumoftheteam.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldbestexplainAaronandAbby'scontinuednoncompliancewithWill'srequests?A)ThepromotionsandbonusesoftheteammembersdependheavilyonWill'sperformanceratings.B)ThecompanyhadprovidedWillwithadditionalduties,andhewasleftwithlittletimetoensurethathisteammembersperformedwell.

C)Willbelievesthatsincethejobdemandsinmarketingareambiguousandever-changing,asupportiveapproachtoleadershipwouldsuffice.

D)Willisuncomfortableexercisingcoercivemeasurestocontrolemployees.

E)Willisconsideredanexpertatanalyzingmarkettrendsandmakingaccurateprojectionsaboutdemandandrevenue.

Answer:D

Explanation:ThefactthatpromotionsandbonusesoftheteammembersdependheavilyonWill'sperformanceratingsdoesnotexplainAaronandAbby'snoncompliancewithhisrequests.ThefactthatthecompanyhadprovidedWillwithadditionaldutiesandhewasleftwithlittletimetoensurethathisteammembersperformedwelldoesnotadequatelyexplainAaronandAbby'sbehaviorespeciallysinceotherteammemberswereworkingwell.ThefactthatWillbelievesthatasupportiveapproachtoleadershipwouldsufficewhenfacedwithambiguousjobdemandsisfalseanddoesnotexplainAaronandAbby'sbehavior.ThefactthatWillisuncomfortableexercisingcoercivemeasurestocontrolemployeesdoesexplainAaronandAbby'sbehavior.Willhastherighttoexerciselegitimate,coercive,andrewardpowers,buthispersonalityissuchthatheisnotateaseforcingpeopletofollowhiscommand.ThefactthatWillisconsideredanexpertatanalyzingmarkettrendsandmakingaccurateprojectionsaboutdemandandrevenuedoesnotexplainAaronandAbby'sbehaviortowardhim.LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.AACSB:ReflectivethinkingDifficulty:Hard

Quest.Category:CriticalThinking

26)JoannaMillshasrecentlybeenpromotedtothepositionofaprojectmanageratPalmerInc.,asoftwaredevelopmentfirm.Asaprojectmanager,shenowhastheauthoritytodelegatework,providesupervisionandfeedback,andmonitoremployeeperformance.Eversinceherpromotion,shehasbeenpreparingherselftoguidehersubordinatesindifferentprojectactivities.However,shefeelsthattheemployeesdonotproactivelyapproachherforhelp.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldbestexplainthissituation?

A)Joannahasseveralyearsofexperienceinworkingonsoftwareprograms.

B)ThesolecriterionforJoanna'spromotionwashereffectivenessinmeetingindividualtargets.

C)EmployeesidentifywithJoannabecauseshesuccessfullyrosefromthepositionofaprogrammertothatofamanager.

D)Themanagerswhopromotedherbelievedthatherapproachablenaturewouldbeakeyfactorinimprovingteamperformance.

E)Thecompanyfollowsa360-degreeperformanceevaluationsystem.

Answer:B

Explanation:ThefactthatJoannahasseveralyearsofexperienceinworkingonsoftwareprogramsdoesnotexplainwhyherteammembersdonotapproachherforhelp.ThefactthatthesolecriterionforJoanna'spromotionwashereffectivenessinmeetingindividualtargetsdoesexplainwhyherteammembersdonotproactivelyapproachherforhelp.Whilethepromotionprovidedherwithlegitimatepower,shedoesnotenjoyreferentpower,whichwouldencourageteammemberstoreachouttoherforhelp.ThefactthattheemployeesidentifywithJoannabecauseshesuccessfullyrosefromthepositionofaprogrammertothatofamanagerdoesnotexplainthecurrentsituation.Thefactthatthemanagerswhopromotedherbelievedthatherapproachablenaturewouldbeakeyfactorinimprovingteamperformancedoesnotexplainwhyherteamdoesnotapproachherforhelp.Thefactthatthecompanyfollowsa360-degreeperformanceevaluationsystemdoesnotexplainwhyherteamdoesnotapproachherforhelp.LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.AACSB:ReflectivethinkingDifficulty:Hard

Quest.Category:CriticalThinking

27)Whichofthefollowingtypesofpowerismostlikelytobenegativelyrelatedtoemployeesatisfactionandcommitment?

A)expertpower

B)rewardpower

C)legitimatepower

D)coercivepower

E)referentpowerAnswer:D

Explanation:Thecoercivepowerbasedependsonfearofthenegativeresultsfromfailingtocomply.Itisnegativelyrelatedtoemployeesatisfactionandcommitment.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.Difficulty:EasyQuest.Category:Concept

28)Expertpowerisbasedonidentificationwithapersonwhohasdesirableresourcesorpersonaltraits.

Answer:FALSE

Explanation:Referentpowerisbasedonidentificationwithapersonwhohasdesirableresourcesor

personaltraits.Expertpowerisinfluencebasedonspecificskillsorknowledge.LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

29)Listanddiscussthebasesofformalpower.

Answer:Formalpowercancomefromtheabilitytocoerceorreward,fromformalauthority,orfromcontrolofinformation.

a)Coercivepower:Thecoercivepowerbaseisdependentonfear.Onereactstothispoweroutoffearofthenegativeresultsthatmightoccurifonefailedtocomply.AhascoercivepoweroverBifAcandismiss,suspend,ordemoteB,assumingthatBvalueshisorherjob.

b)Rewardpower:Theoppositeofcoercivepowerisrewardpower.Peoplecomplywiththewishesordirectivesofanotherbecausedoingsoproducespositivebenefits.Therefore,onewhocandistributerewardsthatothersviewasvaluablewillhavepoweroverthoseothers.Theserewardscanbeeitherfinancialornonfinancial.

c)Legitimatepower:Informalgroupsandorganizations,probablythemostcommonaccesstooneormoreofthepowerbasesisthroughlegitimatepower.Itrepresentstheformalauthoritytocontrolanduseorganizationalresourcesbasedonstructuralpositionintheorganization.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.Difficulty:ModerateQuest.Category:Concept

30)Howdoesrewardpowercontributetosexualharassment?

Answer:Anindividualwithahighdegreeofrewardpowerissomeonewhocandistributerewardsothersviewasvaluableandthus,haspoweroverthem.Theserewardscanbeeitherfinancial-suchascontrollingpayrates,raises,andbonuses-ornonfinancial,includingrecognition,promotions,interestingworkassignments,friendlycolleagues,andpreferredworkshiftsorsalesterritories.Thismakessexualharassmentespeciallydisturbingforemployees.Becauseemployeeswantfavorableperformancereviews,salaryincreases,andthelike,supervisorscontrolresourcesmostemployeesconsiderimportantandscarce.Thus,sexualharassmentbythebosstypicallycreatesthegreatestdifficultyforthosebeingharassed.

LO:13.2:Explainthethreebasesofformalpowerandthetwobasesofpersonalpower.

AACSB:Analyticalthinking

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Synthesis

31)LevinandCo.isagroupofoilrefineriesthathasbeeninthenewsrecently.Thecompany

hadtostopproductionforovertwoweeksbecausetheirkeysupplierrefusedtosellthemcrudeoilattheoldprices.Evenafterroundsofnegotiations,thesupplierrefusedtogiveintothedemandsofLevinandCo.,andfinally,thecompanyhadtoacquiretherawmaterialfromthesamesupplierbecausealternativesuppliers,thoughabundant,couldnotprovidethequantitiesthecompanydemandedatsuchshortnotice.Thisshowstheroleofinincreasingthe

poweroneenjoys.

A)alternatives

B)dependence

C)abundance

D)substitutability

E)exchange

Answer:B

Explanation:Themostimportantaspectofpoweristhatitisafunctionofdependence.Dependenceincreaseswhentheresourceyoucontrolisimportant,scarce,ornonsubstitutable.LO:13.3:Explaintheroleofdependenceinpowerrelationships.

AACSB:Analyticalthinking

Difficulty:Moderate

Quest.Category:Application

32)Dependencewouldbelowwhen.

A)thegoodshaveveryfewsuppliers

B)thegoodshavelowaccessibility

C)thegoodsinquestionarescarce

D)theproductsareimportant

E)thegoodshavesubstitutes

Answer:E

Explanation:Dependenceincreaseswhentheresourceyoucontrolisimportant,scarce,ornonsubstitutable.Thefewerviablesubstitutesforaresource,themorepowercontroloverthatresourceprovides.

LO:13.3:Explaintheroleofdependenceinpowerrelationships.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

33)Onetooltoassesstheexchangeofresourcesanddependencieswithinanorganizationissocialnetworkanalysis.

Answer:TRUE

Explanation:Onetooltoassesstheexchangeofresourcesanddependencieswithinanorganizationissocialnetworkanalysis.Thismethodexaminespatternsofcommunicationamongorganizationalmemberstoidentifyhowinformationflowsbetweenthem.

LO:13.3:Explaintheroleofdependenceinpowerrelationships.

Difficulty:Easy

Quest.Category:Concept

34)Whichofthefollowingpowertacticsinvolvesincreasingthetarget'ssupportbyinvolvinghimorherindecisionmaking?

A)legitimacy

B)rationalpersuasion

C)consultation

D)ingratiation

E)pressure

Answer:C

Explanation:Thepowertacticofconsultationinvolvesincreasingthetarget'ssupportbyinvolvinghimorherindecisionmaking.

LO:13.4