［模擬］考研英語閱讀模擬908

多項選擇

Potash(theoldnameforpotassiumcarbonate)isoneofthetwoalkalis

(theotherbeingsoda,sodiumcarbonate)thatwereusedfromremote

antiquityinthemakingofglass,andfromtheearlyMiddleAgesinthe

makingofsoap：theformerbeingtheproductofheatingamixtureofalkali

andsand,thelatteraproductofalkaliandvegetableoil.Their

importanceinthecommunitiesofcolonialNorthAmericaneedhardlybe

stressed.

Potashandsodaarenotinterchangeableforallpurposes,but

forglass-orsoap—makingeitherwoulddo.Sodawasobtainedlargelyfrom

theashesofcertainMediterraneanseaplants,potashfromthoseofinland

vegetation.HencepotashwasmorefamiliartotheearlyEuropeansettlers

oftheNorthAmericancontinent.

ThesettlementatJamestowninVirginiawasinmanywaysa

microcosmoftheeconomyofcolonialNorthAmerica,andpotashwasone

ofitsfirstconcerns.Itwasrequiredfortheglassworks,thefirst

factoryintheBritishcolonies,andwasproducedinsufficientquantity

topermittheinclusionofpotashinthefirstcargoshippedoutof

Jamestown.ThesecondshiptoarriveinthesettlementfromEngland

includedamongitspassengersexpertsinpotashmaking.

Themethodofmakingpotashwassimpleenough.Logswerepiled

upandburnedintheopen,andtheashescollected.Theasheswereplaced

inabarrelwithholesinthebottom,andwaterwaspouredoverthem.The

solutiondrainingfromthebarrelwasboileddowninironkettles.The

resultingmasswasfurtherheatedtofusethemassintowhatwascalled

potash.

InNorthAmerica,potashmakingquicklybecameanadjunctto

theclearingoflandforagriculture,foritwasestimatedthatasmuch

ashalfthecostofclearinglandcouldberecoveredbythesaleofpotash.

SomepotashwasexportedfromMaineandNewHampshireintheseventeenth

century,butthemarketturnedouttobemainlydomestic,consisting

mostlyofshipmentsfromthenortherntothesoutherncolonies.For

despitethebeginningofthetradeatJamestownandsuchencouragements

asaseriesofacts“toencouragethemakingofpotash,nbeginningin

1707inSouthcaroliana,thesoftwoodsintheSouthprovedtobepoor

sourcesofthesubstance.

注釋

potassium(化學)鉀alkali(化學)堿

microcosm微觀世界barrel圓桶，槍管

adjunct附屬物remote久遠的

antiquity古代；古玩，古物

第1題：

Onwhataspectofpotashdoesthispassagemainlyfocus?

A.itscomponents

B.itsimportanceintheNorthAmericancolonies

C.howitismade

D.itsdifferencesfromsoda

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B全文的中心句在前文我們曾概括過的常見位置——首段末句“Their

importanceinthecommunitiesofcolonialNorthAmericaneedhardlybe

stressed."本文屬于結構清晰的說明文本，大體呈總一一分結構，在簡介鉀堿

(Potash)的制成品及其歷史后引出中心句，之后幾段則從產地、歷史、制作方法、

市場等諸方面將其在北美殖民地的作用加以評述。

第2題：

Inthemakingofpotash,allofthefollowingareneededExcept.

A.water

B.fire

C.iron

D.wood

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C此題較易，見文章第四段對鉀堿制作方法的介紹，木頭(log)乃是原材料，利

用水將木灰加以溶解，而火則更是兩次用到，至于iron則并非材料，只是kettles

的質地而已。一般不會混淆。但考生必須做到“題易人易，我不大意。”

第3題：

WhywaspotashmorefamiliartotheearlyEuropeansettleroftheNorth

Americancontinent?

A.BecauseEuropeansweremorefamiliartopotash.

B.Becausetherewasaseriesofacts“toencouragethemakingof

potash.”

C.Becausetheydidn，tlikethetasteofsoda.

D.Becauseofthegeologicalcircumstancesthere.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D細節題，詳閱第二段，蘇打主要是產自某些地中海(Mediterranean)地區海生

植物的灰燼中，而鉀堿則可得自內陸植物，因而北美的自然地理條件而不是其他

因素決定了早期殖民對于易于獲取原料的鉀堿更為重要，而對原料難尋的蘇打備

感生疏。A項中錯誤認為歐洲人均對potash更為熟悉,B項則因果倒置,C項純屬

干擾項。

第4題：

Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Theinventionofglassisearlierthanthatofsoap.

B.ThecolonialNorthAmericahadalargeabroadpotishmarket.

C.Potashmakingmadetheclearingoflandforagriculturelucrative

tosomeextent.

D.AllofthecolonialNorthAmericadidnothaveacapabilityto

produceasufficientquantityofpotash.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B細節題，難度較大。A項，由于玻璃制造始于remoteantiquity,而肥皂業則

是中世紀早期才開始的，因而前者歷史更為悠久；C項，最后一段第一句話講到

借助于鉀堿制造可以使農業中清理土地的費用節省至少一半；因而從某種意義而

言有利可圖了(tosomeextentlucrative)；D項的關鍵在于“all...not...n

的理解，意指“并非整個北美殖民地都擁有大量生產鉀堿的能力”；B項錯在與

文末的“butthemarketturnedouttobemainlydomestic.(Line4Para5)

相矛盾，由于木質偏軟，南部殖民地不具生產能力。

第5題：

Theword“adjunct“inthefirstlineofthelastparagraphisclosestin

meaningto______.

A.addition

B.activation

C.alternation

D.association

參考答案：A

答案解析：

Aadjunct是“附加品，附屬物，附件”的意思，根據上下文不難判斷出“鉀堿

制造”與“清理土地”間的關系，從而不難選出A。

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoes

calledafootwearforyuppies”.TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealto

diversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffers

basketballandchildren，sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoes

foroldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.Theexecutives

alsopointoutthatthroughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhiking

boots,dressandcasualshoes,andhigh-performanceathleticfootwearto

theirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroups

ofcustomers.

Still,despiteitsemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfew

changesintheup-market

(高檔消費人群的)retailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto$1

billionannually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,

whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetter

specialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththe

company，sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequality

ofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhas

imposedlimitsonthenumberofitsdistributors(andthenumberofshoes

suppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.Attimestheunexpected

demandforReebok，sexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeep

upwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblems

seemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveabout

itsdistributors.Atpresent,Reebokshoesareavailableinaboutfive

thousandretailstoresintheUnitedStates.

Reebokhasalreadyanticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethe

nextfitness-relatedcraze,replacingaerobicsshoesthesamewayits

brightlycolored,softleatherexercisefootwearreplacedconventional

runningshoes.Throughproductdiversificationandcarefulmarket

research,ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecame

acrossseveralyearsago,whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobics

shoecrazeandwasforcedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoes

throughdiscountstores.(331)

1.Reebok銳步國際公司，是一家國際大型體育用品公司

2.stylish[n.]漂亮的,流行的

3.footwearforyuppies雅皮士們穿的鞋子。雅皮士是美國城市職業階

層中的年輕人士，這個詞由YoungUrbanProfessional首字母縮拼加詞尾而成。

4.appealto投合....的心意；引起....的興趣

5.aerobics[n.]有氧運動法，增氧健身法，多指跑步、游泳等增強心肺

循環功能的運動

6.hikingboots旅游鞋

7.specialty[n.]特制品

8.toimposelimitsonsth.限制...

a

第6題：

OnereasonwhyReebok，smanagerialpersonneldon，tliketheirshoesto

becalledfootwearforyuppies”isthat

A.theybelievethattheirshoesarepopularwithpeopleofdifferent

agegroups.

B.newproductionlineshavebeenaddedtoproduceinexpensiveshoes.

C.”yuppies”usuallyevokesanegativeimage.

D.thetermmakespeoplethinkofprohibitiveprices.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A事實辨認題。題意是:Reebok經理層不喜歡他們的鞋被稱作雅皮士的鞋的一

個原因是什么。文章第一段第二句說：“他們爭辯道，Reebok的鞋適合于不同的

消費者，尤其是現代公司生產出籃球鞋和適合于18歲以下孩子穿的鞋以及適合

于對健身操和跑步不感興趣的老年人的散步鞋。”故本題選A。B項側重公司的

生產策略，故不妥。

第7題：

Reebok'sviewthat"consumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequality

ofitsdistribution”(Line5,Para.2)impliesthat

A.thequalityofabrandismeasuredbytheservicequalityofthe

storesellingit.

B.thequalityofaproductdeterminesthequalityofitsdistributors.

C.thepopularityofabrandisdeterminedbythestoresthatsellit.

D.consumersbelievethatfirst-rateproductsareonlysoldbyhigh

qualitystores.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D推斷題。題意是:Reebok認為“消費者根據銷售商的檔次來判斷品牌的質量”

是什么意思。回答依據第二段最后一句話：“Reebok鞋將繼續在上檔次的專賣店、

體育用品店及百貨公司銷售，因為公司認為顧客會根據銷售商的檔次來判斷某種

品牌商品的質量。”故本題選D。

第8題：

Reebokoncehadtolimitthenumberofitsdistributorsbecause

A.itssupplyofproductsfellshortofdemand.

B.toomanydistributorswouldcutintoitsprofits.

C.thereductionofdistributorscouldincreaseitsshareofthe

market.

D.itwantedtoenhanceconsumerconfidenceinitsproducts.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A推斷題。題意是:Reebok曾經不得不限制其分銷商的數量是因為什么。正確

回答本題的依據在第三段的前兩句話：“在過去的幾年中，設在麻省的公司總部

對其分銷商的數量采取了限制措施(另外對提供給商店的鞋的數量也進行了限

制），這其中部分是因為需要的緣故。有時，對Reebok鞋出乎意料的需求會超過

市場的供應，公司幾乎滿足不了原有分銷商的訂單要求。”據此，我們可知A

是本題的正確答案。

第9題：

AlthoughtheReebokCompanyhassolvedtheproblemoffulfillingits

orders,it

A.doesnotwanttofurtherexpanditsretailingnetwork.

B.stilllimitsthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores.

C.isstillparticularaboutwhosellsitsproducts.

D.stillcarefullychoosesthemanufacturersofitsproducts.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C推斷題。題意是“雖然Reebok公司已經解決了供不應求的問題，但是仍然

怎么樣”。文章第三段談到公司仍然嚴格挑選著他們的分銷商，因此正好與答案

C吻合。題干中的although與短文第三段倒數第二句的but相呼應。選項C中

的isparticularabout與原文第三段中的isstillselectiveabout意思相

同，都意為“挑剔的”。

第10題:

WhatlessonhasReeboklearnedfromNike，sdistributionproblems?

A.Acompanyshouldnotsellitshighqualityshoesindiscountstores.

B.Acompanyshouldnotlimititsdistributionnetwork.

C.Acompanyshoulddofollow-upsurveysofitsproducts.

D.Acompanyshouldcorrectlyevaluatetheimpactofanewcrazeon

themarket.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D推斷題。題意是:Reebok公司從Nike的分銷問題上得到了什么教訓。文章

最后一段的后半部分指出：通過產品多樣化和市場調查，Reebok希望避免Nike

公司幾年以前出現的情況，當時Nike公司錯誤判斷了健身鞋銷售的狂熱而導致

最后不得不通過打折店來處理跑步鞋的大量存貨。因此從Nike鞋的分銷問題上

可看出一個公司應該正確估計流行熱點對市場的影響力。答案為Do

Themosteasilyrecognizablemeteoritesaretheironvariety,although

theyonlyrepresentabout5percentofallmeteoritefalls.Theyare

composedofironandnickelalongwithsulfur,carbon,andtracesofother

elements.TheircompositionisthoughttobesimilartothatofEarth，s

ironcore,andindeedtheymighthaveoncemadeupthecoreofalarge

planetoidthatdisintegratedlongago.Duetotheirdensestructure,iron

meteoriteshavethebestchanceofsurvivinganimpact,andmostarefound

byfarmersplowingtheirfields.

Oneofthebesthuntinggroundsformeteoritesisontheglaciers

ofAntarctica,wherethedarkstonesstandoutin[stark]contrasttothe

whitesnowandice.Whenmeteoritesfallonthecontinent,theyare

embeddedinthemovingicesheets.Atplaceswheretheglaciersmoveupward

againstmountainranges,meteoritesareleftexposedonthesurface.Some

ofthemeteoritesthathavelandedinAntarcticaarebelievedtohavecome

fromtheMoonandevenasfarawayasMars,whenlargeimpactsblasted

outchunksofmaterialandhurledthemtowardEarth.

Perhapstheworld，slargestsourceofmeteoritesisthe

NullarborPlain,anareaoflimestonethatstretchesfor400milesalong

thesoutherncoastofWesternandSouthAustralia.Thepale,smoothdesert

plainprovidesaperfectbackdropforspottingmeteorites,whichare

usuallydarkbrownofblack.Sinceverylittleerosiontakesplace,the

meteoritesarewellpreservedandarefoundjustwheretheylanded.Over

1,000fragmentsfrom150meteoritesthatfellduringthelast20000years

havebeenrecovered.Onelargeironmeteorite,calledtheMundrabilla

meteorite,weighedmorethan11tons.

Stonymeteorites,calledchondrites,arethemostcommontype

andmakeupmorethan90percentofallfalls.Butbecausetheyaresimilar

toEarthmaterialsandthereforeerodeeasily,theyareoftendifficult

tofind.Amongthemostancientbodiesinthesolarsystemarethe

carbonaceouschondritesthatalsocontaincarboncompoundsthatmight

havebeentheprecursorsoflifeonEarth.

注釋

recognizable可辨認的meteorite隕石；流星

nickel銀sulfur硫磺

planetoid小行星disintegrate風化；瓦解

glacier冰川embed埋入，嵌于

blast吹；摧毀chunk厚木頭；矮胖之人

hurl投，擲limestone石灰石

backdrop背景erosion侵蝕；腐蝕

erode侵蝕，腐蝕solar太陽的

carbonaceous碳的；含碳的compound使混合；增加

precursor先驅；前兆；前輩

a

第11題:

whatisthemainpointofthispassage?

A.TheprecursorsoflifeonEarth.

B.FindingmeteoritesonEarth，ssurface.

C.ThemysteriousAntarcticaandtheNullarborPlain.

D.ThecompositionofMeteorites.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B考查主題，本文先講到鐵質隕石的有關情況，然后在二、三段分別論及地球上

探研（鐵質）隕石的兩大理想去處一一南極洲與澳大利亞Nullarbor平原，最后提

及石質隕石特質及其在生命起源研究中的意義。綜觀全文，可見B項精確地點出

了文章主旨。

第12題：

Underlinedinthesecondline,secondparagraph,theword"stark”canbest

bereplacedby.

A.vivid

B.meaningful

C.interesting

D.vague

參考答案：A

答案解析：

Astark指clearlyobvioustotheeyeorthemind,指“顯而易見，鮮明的，

明擺著的"，與vivid最為接近。instarkcontrast為固定搭配“成鮮明對比”.這

里指黝黑的隕石與白色的冰川、雪堆構成的對比，擁有一定詞匯量并結合上下文

則不難選出。

第13題:

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Chondritesarelesslikelytobediscoveredthanironmeteorites.

B.TheMundrabillameteoriteistheheaviestmeteoriteeverfallento

theEarth.

C.Maybetheworld，slargestsourceofmeteoritesistheNullarbor

Plain,Antarctic.

D.Theironvarietyaremosteasilyrecognizablemeteoritesbecause

theymakeupthelargestpartofallfalls.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A細節題較難，A項正確,見最后一段"ButbecausetheyaresimiliartoEarth

materialsandthereforeerodeeasily,theyareoftendifficulttofind.”

而文章開門見山即指出鐵質隕石雖僅占隕石總量約5%,都是"themosteasily

recognizablemeteorites,”據此也不難排除D,B項，文中從未提及Mundrabilla

是世界上現存最重的隕石。C項則錯在最后一詞"Antarctic"上。因而做細節

題須倍加細心！

第14題：

Whydoestheauthormentioncarbonaceouschondrites(Line4,Para4)?

A.Theyaremostlikelytobefoundwhole.

B.Theycomefromouterspace,evenoutofthesolarsysterm.

C.TheymayberelatedtotheoriginsoflifeonEarth.

D.Theymighthavemadeupthecoreofaplanetoid.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C見文章最后一句話:"Amongthemostancientbodies。??thatmighthavebeen

theprecursorsoflifeonEarth."precursor"指“前驅、先驅、前輩”，

依構詞法"pre-"及關鍵詞"lifeonEarth"不難選出正確答案。

第15題：

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedtobe

responsibleforthepoorperservationofmeteoritesthatfalltoEarth?

A.Erosion

B.Impact

C.Sunkintosea

D.Temperature

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D細節題，較難。A項erosion實為隕石得以保存之最大敵人，絕大部分石質隕

石因為腐蝕難以找尋（最后一段）；B項（撞擊）見第一段第6行“havethebest

chanceofsurvivinganimpact”若碎塊太小則不易發現;C項最具干擾性，

事實上，降落到地球表面的絕大多數隕石均降入海洋（因為其面積的巨大優勢，

在文中第三段南極洲一節也有過微弱暗示：“Whenmeteoritesfallonthe

continent..."；D項“溫度”全文未有提及。

Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,theterm“icebox“hadenteredthe

Americanlanguage,buticewasstillonlybeginningtoaffectthediet

ofordinarycitizensintheUnitedStates.Theicetradegrewwiththe

growthofcities.Icewasusedinhotels,taverns,andhospitals,andby

someforward-lookingcitydealersinfreshmeat,freshfish,andbutter.

AftertheCivilWar（1861-1865）,asicewasusedtorefrigeratefreight

cars,italsocameintohouseholduse.Evenbefore1880,halftheicesold

inNewYork,Philadelphia,andBaltimore,andone-thirdofthatsoldin

BostonandChicago,wenttofamiliesfortheirownuse.Thishadbecome

possiblebecauseanewhouseholdconvenience,theicebox,aprecursorof

themodernrefrigerator,hadbeeninvented.

Makinganefficienticeboxwasnotaseasyaswemightnow

suppose.Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theknowledgeofthephysics

ofheat,whichwasessentialtoascienceofrefrigeration,was

rudimentary.Thecommonsensenotionthatthebesticeboxwasonethat

preventedtheicefrommeltingwasofcoursemistaken,foritwasthe

meltingoftheicethatperformedthecooling.Nevertheless,earlyefforts

toeconomizeiceincludedwrappingtheiceinblankets,whichkeptthe

icefromdoingitsjob.Notuntilneartheendofthenineteenthcentury

didinventorsachievethedelicatebalanceofinsulationandcirculation

neededforanefficienticebox.

Butasearlyas1803,aningeniousMarylandfarmer,ThomasMoore,

hadbeenontherighttrack.Heownedafarmabouttwentymilesoutside

thecityofWashington,forwhichthevillageofGeorgetownwasthemarket

center.Whenheusedaniceboxofhisowndesigntotransporthisbutter

tomarket,hefoundthatcustomerswouldpassuptherapidlymeltingstuff

inthetubsofhiscompetitorstopayapremiumpriceforhisbutter,still

freshandhardinneat,one-poundbricks.Oneadvantageofhisicebox,

Mooreexplained,wasthatfarmerswouldnolongerhavetotraveltomarket

atnightinordertokeeptheirproductscool.

注釋

rudimentary初步的；基本的premium保險費,額外費用

insulation隔離,絕緣refrigerator冰箱

commensense常識tub小圓桶

butter黃油

a

第16題:

What/sthepassagemainlytalkingabout?

A.theuseoficeintheunitedstates

B.theorigineoftheword“icebox”

C.thedevelopmentofrefrigerationin19thcentury

D.howtomakeanefficienticebox

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C這里考查考生對篇章整體內容的把握，文章由“icebox”一詞引出“ice"在

美國人生活中用途的擴展概況，也交待了在現代“efficienticebox”出現前的

冷藏技術，但限于19世紀。比較各選項，可知C較切合。

第17題：

Inthefirstparagraph,someice“wenttofamiliesfortheirownuse”,

what'sthesentenceusedfor?

A.Itbegantoaffectthedietofthefamilies.

B.It'susedtorefrigeratorfreightgoods.

C.It'susedforhouseholduse.

D.It'susedtokeeptheirproductscool.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C細節題。在原文中，該句的前一句說“italsocameintohouseholduse.”，

而后面又解釋成為可能的原因是“anewhouseholdconvenience,theicebox...

hadbeeninvented.vD項過于具體，并不全面。A、B與原文不符，C項是正確

的。

第18題：

In19thcentury,makinganefficienticeboxwasnotaseasyaswemight

nowsuppose,themainreasonwas______.

A.theknowledgeofthephysicsofheatwasinadequate.

B.thecommonsensenotionofthebesticeboxwaswrong.

C.earlyeffortswenttoawrongdirection.

D.themanof19thcenturywasnotascleveraswearenow.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A這實際上也是對原文細節的解釋，原文中說：^theknowledgeofthephysics

ofheat,whicewasessentialtoascienceofrefrigeration,was

rudimentary.關鍵就在于“rudimentary”這個詞，其意思是初步的，未發展

的，這正是原因所在，B、C不如說是結果，D項本身有問題。

第19題：

Accordingtothepassage,theprecursorofthemodernrefrigeratorfirst

cameoutin.

A.1803

B.mid-nineteenthcentury

C.1865-1880

D.theendofnineteenthcentury

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C這是一道時間方面的推斷題，文中雖無明文，但據上下文可以得到答案。A項

迷惑性較強，但文中說冰塊1865后(Afterthecivilwar)才開始進入家用，在

1880年以前就有相當部分的冰塊在用于此途，而這成為可能是因為“icebox”

的發明，它正是現代冰箱的先驅。

第20題:

Fromthispassagewecouldsaythat.

A.theingeniousfarmerThomasMoore,wastheinventoroficebox,which

wasaprecursorofmodernrefrigerator

B.onadvantageofhisicebox,ThomasMoorecouldmonopolythebutter

market.

C.byusingicebox,ThomasMooredefeatedallhiscompetitors.

D.theeffecttodevelopanefficienticeboxistomeettheneedof

refrigeration.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D這是一道推斷題，要依據原文又不限于原文。A項與第4題呼應，構成較大迷

惑性，但它不合文中事實，B和C文中不曾提到，因此不能肯定，D可以說是一

項基本規律，也是通

Itistheyear2050,andAprilblizzardshavegrippedsouthernEngland

forthethirdsuccessiveyearwhileviolentstormsbattertheNorthSea

coast.TheGulfStream,whosewarmingwatersonceheatedourshores,has

longsincedisappeared,destroyedbyadelugepouringsouthfromthe

meltingArcticicecap.

IntheUnitedStates,muchofAlaskahasturnedintoaquagmire

aspermafrostandglaciersdisintegrate.InColorado,chairliftpylons

standrustinginthewarmdrizzle,remindersthatthenationonce

supportedabilliondollarskiindustry,whiletheremnantsofFlorida

aredeclaredAmerica，ssecondislandstate.

Africaisfaringbadly.ItscoastlinefromCairotoLagosis

completelyfoldedandmanyofthemajorcitieshavebeenabandoned.Tens

ofmillionsofpeoplehavebeenforcedtofleeandarestrugglingto

surviveinaparched,waterlessinterior.

InAsiathereissimilar,terrifyingpicture.Bangladeshis

almosttotallyinundatedandtheEastIndieshavebeenreducedtoafew

scrappyislands.Tensofmillionsstandonthebrinkofdeath.

Itisastartlingscenarioworthyofasciencefictiondisaster

film.Anditwouldbeeasytodismiss,wereitnotfortheuncomfortable

factthatthesevisionsaretheresultofrigorousscientificanalysis

bysomeoftheworld，smostdistinguishedclimatologists.

AstheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)points

outinitsrecentClimateChange2001report,globalwarmingislikely

totriggeracascadeofunpleasanteffects:elderlypeoplewillsuffer

anddieinsmoggy,pollutedcities；cropswillfail；andwildlifeand

livestockwillperishonascorchedandmiserableplanet.

Thatreportwasthecombinedworkofseveralthousandofthe

world，sleadingmeteorologicalexpertsandscientistswhoseviewsGeorge

Bushhasnowdismissedas“questionable”andwhoseworkincreatingthe

Kyotoprotocolhasbeenutterlyundone.

TheUSdecisiontopulloutoftheinternationalaccordon

climatechangehascausedpredictableinternationalalarm.Kyotomerely

pledgeddevelopedcountriestorestricttheirindustrialoutput."Itwas

anexcellentfirststeptowardsreversingclimatechange,“accordingto

SouthamptonUniversity，sprofessorNigelArnell.

Kyotowas,ineffect,astatementofintent.Theindustrial

nationswhichhad,afterall,initiatedtheproblemofglobalwarming,

wouldshowtheircommitmentbymakingthefirstcrucial,self-sacrificing

moves.ThentheThirdWorldcouldbedrawnin,andthefirstdecreases

incarbondioxideemissionsagreedoverthenextfewyears."Bushhasnow

madetheattainmentofthesenextcrucialstepsmuchmoredifficult,”

saysArnell.Infact,mostexpertsbelievehehasmadethemimpossible.

IftheWestwon，tact,whyshouldtherestoftheworld?（447）

1.blizzards［n.］暴風雪

2.deluge［n.］洪水，暴雨［v.］使泛濫，淹，浸，壓倒

3.quagmire［n.］沼澤，濕地

4.permafrost［n.］［地］永久凍結帶

5.chairlift送滑雪人上山的升降椅

6.pylons［n.］塔門,路標塔

7.rust［vt.］（使）生銹

8.remnants［n.］殘余，剩余，零料，殘跡［adj.］剩余的,殘留的

9.inundate［v.］淹沒

10.scrappy［adj.］細小的，碎屑的，（看似）零散的;雜亂無章的

11.scenario［n.］想定

12.cascade［n.］小瀑布，噴流

13.fare［vi.］遭遇，進展，進步，經營，過活

14.Kyotoprotocol《京都議定書》

第21題：

Whatisincorrectaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.TheblizzardshavegrippedsouthernEnglandfor3years.

B.TheblizzardswilltakeplaceinApril2050.

C.ViolentstormsbattertheNorthSeacoastinApril2050.

D.TheGulfStreamhasbeendestroyedbytheyear2050.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B推斷題。從文章第一段的內容可知其余三項都是對的。唯一沒有提到的就是

暴風雪何時開始爆發的。故選擇B。

第22題：

Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

A.in2050FloridawillbecomeAmerica'ssecondislandstate.

B.floodswilldestroythewholeAfrica

C.tensofmillionsofpeoplewilldiein2050.

D.globalwarmingwillleadtoacatastropheforthewholehumanworld.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D推斷題。備選答案A、B、C在文中都是直接描述的，從這些可以推斷出環境

的破壞都是由全球變暖引起的，全球變暖會導致人類世界的災難。故選擇D。

第23題：

Whatthefollowingstatementiscorrectaccordingtoparagraphfive?

A.Thesituationmentionedaboveisjustastartlingscenarioofa

disasterfilm.

B.Itisunnecessarytopaymuchattentiontotheimaginaryscenario.

C.Weshouldtreatthescenarioseriouslybecauseittheannalistic

resultoftheworld，smostdistinguishedclimatologists.

D.Theclimatologistswouldliketoproduceadisasterfilmaccording

totheirannalisticresult.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C推斷題。第5段的“Anditwouldbeeasytodismiss,wereitnotfor

theuncomfortablefa