2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學案： 2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學案： Unit4Section3(含答案)語法圖解探究發現①Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.③Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.［我的發現］1)以上黑體部分在句中作主語。2)①句中的what在從句中作表語，但⑤句中的 what在從句中作賓語；③句中的 what在從句中作主語。3)②⑥句中的whether意為：是否。4)④句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面 that引導的從句。一、定義在主從復合句中充當主語的從句即為主語從句。Whatmadepeopleexcitedwasthatthesolarshiphadcompletedaround-the-worldtrip.讓人們激動的是太陽能船已完成了環游世界的旅行。Itworriedthewomanthathersonwasalwaysplayingcomputergames.兒子一直在玩電腦游戲，這讓這個女人很擔心。二、主語從句的連接詞及其句法功能.連接詞that和whether/if(1)that在從句中不充當任何句子成分，本身無任何意義，只起連接作用，但不可省略。Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.她在事故中幸免于難簡直是奇跡。(2)whether/if在從句中不充當任何句子成分，起連接作用，意為"是否"，不可省略。Whethertheplanwillbecarriedoutisstillunknown.=Itisstillunknownif/whethertheplanwillbecarriedout.這個計劃是否會實施還不知道。［名師點津］whether引導的主語從句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但 if引導的主語從句只能放在句尾，前面需用 it作形式主語。［即時演練1］補全句子①Thatshecouldcometohelp_usmadeusveryhappy.她能來幫助我們使我們很高興。②Whethersheiscomingor_notdoesn'tmattertoomuch.她來不來都無關緊要。.連接代詞(who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等)連接代詞引導主語從句，在從句中可以作主語、賓語、表語或定語。Whichever(ofyou)comesinfirstwillreceiveaprize.無論(你們)誰先到都可以得獎。Whowillgototheconcertisnotknown.不知道誰會去聽音樂會。Whateveryoudoinyoursparetimeshoulddonoharmtoothers.無論你在業余時間做什么都不應該傷害其他人。［名師點津］who引導的主語從句表示一件“事情”，而whoever引導的主語從句指“人.連接副詞(when,where,how,why等)連接副詞引導主語從句并在從句中作狀語。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.這件事怎樣發生的，誰也不清楚。Whenwewillhaveameetingisanimportantquestion.我們何時舉行會議是個重要的問題。WhereIspendmysummerisnobusinessofyours.我在哪里過暑假不關你的事。［名師點津］名詞性從句引導詞的確定步驟：(1)分析句式結構，明確名詞性從句在句中的功能；(2)明確名詞性從句所表達的意義；(3)明確名詞性從句中所需要的成分及意義；(4)確定從句的引導詞。［即時演練2］用適當的連接代詞或連接副詞填空Howitwasdonewasamystery.WhyJohnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.Whichpartofthecountryhewilltraveltoneedsdiscussing.④Where/WhentheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.Whatsurprisesmemostisthatheistooproud.@Whoeverisinterestedintheactivitycansignyournames.三、主語從句中用it作形式主語的結構It+be+形容詞(obvious,true,natural,strange,etc.)+主語從句Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他應該知道此事是重要的。［名師點津］在“It+be+形容詞+主語從句”結構中，若形容詞為important/necessary/strange等，主語從句中的謂語用 (should)do”。It+be+名詞詞組(nowonder,anhonour,apity,a/nosurprise,etc.)+主語從句It'sapitythathedidn'tcome.很遺憾他沒來。It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,proved,etc.)+主語從句Itissuggestedthatthemeetingbeputoff.有人建議會議延期召開。［名師點津］在“It+be+過去分詞+主語從句”結構中，過去分詞若為suggestec/ordered/required/advised等，主語從句中的謂語用 (should)do”。It+不及物動詞(happen,seem,appear,remain,etc.)+主語從句Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.看起來好像要下雨。It+及物動詞+賓語+主語從句Itsurprisedhimwhytheycametovisithimsuddenly.讓他吃驚的是他們為什么突然都來看他。［即時演練3］(1)補全句子It'sapitythatyoucan'tattendmybirthdayparty.很可惜你不能參加我的生日聚會。It'ssuggestedthattheoldmanshouldgotothecountrysidetohavearest.建議這位老人到鄉村休息一下。It_seems_to_methatyoudisagreewiththeplan.在我看來，你好像不贊成這個計劃。Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocometotheparty.她是否能來參加聚會還很難說。It_happened_thattheharvestwasbadthatyear.碰巧那年收成不好。(2)句型轉換(每空一詞)Thathesuddenlyfellilllastmonthsurprisedus.fItsurprisedusthathesuddenlyfellilllastmonth.(2)Whethertheywillsellthehousehasn'tbeenyetdecided.fIthasn'tbeendecidedyetwhethertheywillsellthehouse.(DThatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntousall.fItisknowntousallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.四、主語從句中應注意的問題.從句要用陳述語序Whatwewilldonextshouldbedecided.應該決定一下我們下一步該做什么。.主謂一致(1)從句作主語時，主句的謂語一般用單數形式。Wherehewillgetajobaftergraduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.畢業后到哪兒找份工作使他很困惑。［名師點津］what引導主語從句時，有時主句謂語動詞應與主句中作表語的名詞保持致。Whattheschoolneedsmostarebooks.這所學校最需要的是書。(2)如果由and連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用復數；由兩個或多個連接詞引導一個主語從句時，謂語動詞用單數。Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.他們將在什么時候動身以及要去哪里還沒定下來。Whenandwheretheywillholdthemeetingisnotclear.他們何時何地召開會議還不清楚。［即時演練4］用所給詞的適當形式填空①Whatsurprisedmemostwas(be)thatthemaninragswasamillionaire.②Whatheneedsmostis(be)money.③Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldhasbeendecided（decide）already.④Thatthecoalworkersarestillaliveis（be）awonder.課后強化訓練I.單句語法填空Whowillbeinchargeofthecompanyisamystery.Whetherwewillholdapartytomorrowdependsontheweather.Wherecarswillbeparkedinthefutureisaquestion.Itisveryimportantthatastudent（should）learnEnglishwell.It.isapitythatyoumissedthefilm.Whatmadeherhappywasthatshewonthegameinsuchanimportantmatch.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Whatrolehewillplayinthefilmhasn'tbeenknown.n.單句寫作（2016天津高考書面表達）Whatimpressesusmostare（給我們印象最深的是）yourartskills,inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.（2014湖南卷書面表達）Whatsurprises_usmostis（讓我們最吃驚的是 ）thatthewatercanremainatthattemperatureforabouttwentyhours.（2014浙江卷書面表達）What_weneedmost_are（我們最需要的是）popularsciencebooks.Thathe_will_attendthe_meeting（他斗各要參力口會議）hasexcitedeveryoneofus.（廣東高考作文）Itisreportedthat（據報道）about30volunteerswhoareatleast18yearsoldwillbechosenfromall