2010年6月研究生英語學位課統考真題AGENERALENGLISHQUALIFYINGTESTFORNON-ENGLISHMAJORGRADUATESTUDENTS(GETJUN2710)PAPERONEPARTⅠLISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONSectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbereadonlyonce.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.1.A.Hehasbetterhearingthanothers.B.Hedoesn'tcarewhatthewomanmaysay.C.Heiseagertoknowthenews.D.Hedoesn'tbelievewhatthewomansaid.2.A.Shethinksthecameraisthelateststyle.B.Shethinksthecameraismulti-functional.C.Shethinksthecameraissmallandfashionable.D.Shedoesn'tthinkthere'sanythingnewwiththecamera.3.A.Sheasksthemantopostponetheinvitation.B.Shetellsthemantotakearaincoatwithhim.C.Sherefusestheinvitationbecauseitisraininghard.D.Shewantsthemantopaythedinnercheck.4.A.Themanagerwillreporttothecompany.B.Themanagerwillmaketroublefortheman.C.Themanagerwillgetintotrouble.D.Themanagerwillfiretheman.5.A.She'snotcourageousenough.B.Shedidn'thaveenoughtime.C.Shewasafraidofthemonster.D.Shedidn'tlikethegame.6.A.He'sbroke.B.He'ssick.C.He'sverytired.D.Hehassomethingtodoathome.7.A.Stocktradingisnotprofitable.B.Thestockmarketisalwaysunstable.C.Stocktradingiseasierthanthemansaid.D.Stocktradingisnotaseasyasthemanthinks.8.A.Jamesiswarm-hearted.B.Jamesisacartechnician.C.Jamesknowsthewoman'scarverywell.D.Jamesisveryskillfulincarrepairing.9.A.Jakewoulddostupidthingslikethis.B.Theman'sconclusionisnotbasedonfacts.C.Themanshouldn'tbeonadatewithanothergirl.D.Jakedidn'ttelltheman'sgirlfriendabouthisdate.SectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillheartwomini-talks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesomequestions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.Mini-talkOne10.A.In1984.B.In1986.C.In1992.D.In1996.11.A.Almost25billiondollars.B.Almost2.5billiondollars.C.Almost25milliondollars.D.Almost2.5milliondollars.12.A.Herfamily.B.Hermother.C.Herfather.D.Herself.Mini-talkTwo13.A.Itcoversanareaofmorethan430hectares.B.Ittookmorethan16yearstocomplete.C.Thelakesandwoodlandswereallbuiltbyhumanlabor.D.ThetwodesignersoftheparkwerefromBritain.14.A.7kilometers.B.9kilometers.C.39kilometers.D.93kilometers.15.A.Baseball,footballandvolleyball.B.Basketball,baseballandfootball.C.Basketball,footballandhockey.D.Chess,baseballandtabletennis.SectionCDirections:Inthissectionyouwillbearashortlecture.Listentotherecordingandcompletethenotesaboutthelecture.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.AftertherecordingyouareaskedtowritedownyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Younowhave25secondstoreadthenotesbelow.16.Thenewexhibitiscalled"______."17.TheFamilyofManshowwasdesignedtoexpresstheconnectionsthat______.18.Thenewexhibitwasheldat______.19.Thenewexhibitisdividedintoseveralparts:"ChildrenofMan,""FamilyofMan,""CitiesofMan,""FaithofMan",and"______"20.Thethemethatcomesoutisreallytheunityofmankindthat______.PARTⅡVOCABULARYSectionADirections:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithonewordorphraseunderlined.BelowthesentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.21.Ifacountryturnedinwardandinsulateditself,theresultwouldbeadiminishedstandardofliving.A.worshipedB.splitC.innovatedD.isolated22.Thevaluesandbeliefswilldictatethedirectionofyourpursuitaswellasyourlife.A.ruleB.shapeC.alterD.complicate23.Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsofrealms.A.realitiesB.fieldsC.occupationsD.courses24.Humansarebeginningtorealizethatraisingfoodanimalscontributessubstantiallytoclimatechange.A.physicallyB.materiallyC.considerablyD.favorably25.Thispeer-reviewedjournalhasaspecificemphasisoneffectivetreatmentofacutepain.A.urgentB.severeC.sternD.sensitive26.Onewaytomaintainsocialstabilityistocrackdownoncrimewhilecreatingmorejobs.A.clampdownonB.settledowntoC.lookdownuponD.boildownto27.Thecitycouncildecidedtosetupaschooldevotedexclusivelytotheneedsofproblemchildren.A.forcefullyB.externallyC.reluctantlyD.entirely28.Cityresidentshaveahardtimetryingtoavoidcontactwithhazardouschemicalsindailylife.A.dangerousB.prevalentC.novelD.invasive29.Themostimportantaspectofmaintainingahealthydietiswhetheryoucansticktoit.A.insistonB.dwellonC.coincidewithD.adhereto30.Itriedtotalkmydaughterintodiningoutinanearbyrestaurantthatevening,butinvain.A.tomysurpriseB.onherownC.tonoeffectD.tosomeextentSectionBDirections:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithsomethingmissing.BeloweachsentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.31.Wewon'thavesafeneighborhoodsunlesswe'realways______ondrugcriminals.A.toughB.roughC.thoroughD.enough32.Thechallengeforusisto______thesenewstatesinbuildingamoreprosperousfuture.A.participateB.engageC.commitD.contribute33.Forty-fiveyearsofconflictand______betweenEastandWestarenowathingofthepast.A.convictionB.compatibilityC.collaborationD.confrontation34.Fewpeopleknowtheshapeofthenextcentury,forthegeniusofafreepeople______prediction.A.deniesB.defiesC.repliesD.relies35.Thesecountriesare______concludingafreetradeagreementtopropelregionaldevelopment.A.onthevergeofB.intheinterestofC.onthesideofD.attheexpenseof36.We'llcontinuealongtheroad______byourpresidentsmorethanseventyyearsago.A.givenoutB.madeoutC.wipedoutD.mappedout37.Whenyouwin,yourerrorsare______;whenyoulose,yourerrorsaremagnified.A.expandedB.obscuredC.cultivatedD.exaggerated38.Althoughinherteens,theeldestdaughterhadtoquitschooltohelp______thefamily.A.provideforB.headforC.fallforD.gofor39.Carbon______referstothetotalsetofgreenhousegasesemissionscausedbyanorganization.A.fingerprintB.footstepC.footprintD.blueprint40.Thereisnoquestionthatoursisajustcauseandthatgoodwill______.A.vanishB.wanderC.witherD.prevailPARTⅢCLOZETEST:hereare10questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,gobackandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,C,orDforeachblankinthepassage.Markthecorrespondingletterofthewordorphraseyouhavechosenwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.Whenpeoplesearchonline,theyleaveatrailthatremainsstoredonthecentralcomputersoffirmssuchasGoogle,YahooandMicrosoft.Analyzingwhatwe'relookingforontheWebcanofferaremarkable(41)intoouranxietiesandenthusiasms.UKwriterandInternetexpertJohnBattellewroteonhisblog,"Thiscantellus(42)thingsaboutwhoweareandwhatwewantasa(43)."Google'sexperimentalserviceGoogleTrends,forexample,comparesthenumbersofpeoplesearchingfordifferentwordsandphrasesfrom2004tothepresent.Accordingtothesegraphs,sometimespeople'sinterestsareobviously(44)thenewsagenda:whentheSpiceGirlsannounceareunion,there'sanimmediate(45)tofindoutmoreaboutthem.Otherresultsarestrikinglyseasonal:peoplegoshoppingonlineforcoatsinwinterandshortpantsinsummer.Themostfascinatingpossibilityisthatsearchdatamighthelp(46)people'sbehavior.Whenwesearchonlineforacertainbrandofstereosystem,wearesurelyindicatingwe'remore(47)tobuythatbrand.Perhapswesearchforapoliticalcandidate'snamewhenwearethinkingabout(48)himorher.Maybeweevensearchfor"stockmarketcrash"or"recession"justbeforewestart(49)ourinvestments.Thisinformationcouldclearlybeusefultoasmartmarketer--it'salreadyhowGoogledecideswhich(50)toshowonitssearchresultspages--ortoapoliticalcampaignmanager.41.A.investigationB.insightC.considerationD.prospect42.A.extraordinaryB.obviousC.mysteriousD.sensitive43.A.cultureB.nationC.personD.mass44.A.reducedtoB.resultinginC.backedupbyD.drivenby45.A.rushB.pushC.chargeD.dash46.A.presumeB.preoccupyC.predictD.preserve47.A.likingB.alikeC.likeD.likely48.A.fightingagainstB.votingforC.believinginD.runningfor49.A.withdrawingfromB.depositinginC.turningdownD.addingto50.A.noticesB.papersC.advertisementsD.statementsPARTⅣREADINGCOMPREHENSIONDirections:Inthispartofthetest,therearefiveshortpassages.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthendothequestionsthatfollow.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.PassageOneNewYork'sWCBSputsitinawaythatjustcan'tbebetterexpressed:"Itwasanaccidentwaitingtohappen."15-year-oldAlexaLongueirawaswanderingalongthestreetinStatenIsland,obliviouslytappingtextmessagesintoherphoneasshewalked.Distractedbyherphone,shefailedtonoticetheopenmanhole下水道窨井)inherpath,andplungedintoit,takinganunpreparedbathofrawsewagealongwithreceivingmoderateinjuries.Longueiracalledthedive"reallygross,shockingandscary."It'snotallLongueira'sfault.Themanholeshouldn'thavebeenleftuncoveredandunattended,andnowarningsignsorhazardconeshadbeensetupneartheworksite.AworkerwithNewYork'sDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection(DEP),whowaspreparingtoflushthesewage,helpedherout,andthedepartmentlaterissuedaformalapologyfortheincident.Nonetheless,observersareharshlydividedoverwhoistoblamehere.TheDEPiscertainlyatfaultforfailingtosecurethemanhole,buttowhatextentshouldthegirlbeheldaccountableforfailuretobeawareofhersurroundings?Ifshehadsteppedintotrafficandbeenhitbyacar,wouldherreaction(thatis:angerandapotentiallawsuit)beanydifferent?Detachmentfromone'senvironmentduetoelectronicgadgetsisagrowingproblem--andahazardousone.Thegovernmentiseventryingtogetinvolved,withmultiplelawsonthebooksacrossthecountryoutlawingcellphoneuseandtextmessagingwhileoperatingamotorvehicleinthewakeofseriousaccidentsinvolvingdistracteddrivers.NewYorkSenatorKrugereventriedtocriminalizetheuseofhandhelddevices(includingphones,musicplayers,andgameplayers)bypedestrianswhiletheyarecrossingstreetsinmajorNewYorkcities,duetoconcernsoverthenumberofautovs.pedestrianaccidents.Followingasubstantialoutcry,thatlegislationappearsnevertohavebeenformallyintroduced.ButdidKrugerhaveapoint?Whatinterestedme,atleast,istheendofthestowabovethatLongueiralostashoeinthesewage.Butsinceotherthingsarenotreportedaslost,I'mguessingsheappearstohavemanagedtokeephergriponherphoneduringtheaccident.51.By"Itwasanaccidentwaitingtohappen",NewYork'sWCBSmeantthat______.A.theaccidentshouldhavebeenavoidableB.thiskindofaccidentshappenfrequentlyC.somebodywasgladtoseewhatwouldhappenD.anopenmanholeissureatrapforcarelesspedestrians52.Whenthegirlfellintotheopenmanhole,she______.A.wasseriouslyhurtB.wasfrightenedC.tookabathintherawsewageD.criedhelptotheDEPworker53.Accordingtotheauthor,whowastoblamefortheaccident?A.Thegirlherself.B.TheDEPworker.C.Bothofthem.D.Nobody.54.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisillegalintheU.S.?A.Talkingonacellphonewhiledriving.B.Textmessagingwhilewalkingacrossastreet.C.Operatingmusicplayerswhiledriving.D.Operatinggameplayerswhilewalkingacrossastreet.55.Thephrase"inthewakeof"(Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto"______".A.inviewofB.onconditionofC.asfarasD.withregardto56.Theauthorfounditfunnythatthegirlhad______.A.lostashoeinthesewageintheaccidentB.reportednothinglostaftertheaccidentC.gotafirmholdofherphoneduringtheaccidentD.managedtokeepherselfuprightinthemanholePassageTwoAccordingtoastudy,intellectualactivitiesmakepeopleeatmorethanwhenjustresting.Thishasshednewlightonbrainfood.Thisfindingmightalsohelpexplaintheobesityepidemicofasocietyinwhichpeopleoftensit.Researcherssplit14universitystudentvolunteersintothreegroupsfora45-minutesessionofeitherrelaxinginasittingposition,readingandsummarizingatext,orcompletingaseriesofmemory,attention,andalerttestsonthecomputer.Afterthesessions,theparticipantswereinvitedtoeatasmuchastheypleased.Thoughthestudyinvolvedaverysmallnumberofparticipants,theresultswerestark.Thestudentswhohaddonethecomputertestsdowned253morecaloriesor29.4percentmorethanthecouchpotatoes.Thosewhohadsummarizedatextconsumed203morecaloriesthantherestinggroup.Bloodsamplestakenbefore,during,andafterrevealedthatintellectualworkcausesmuchbiggerfluctuationsin葡萄糖)levelsthanrestperiods,perhapsowingtothestressofthinking.Theresearchersfigurethebodyreactstothesefluctuationsbydemandingfoodtorestoreglucose--thebrain'sfuel.Glucoseisconvertedbythebodyfromcarbohydrates碳水化合物)andissuppliedtothebrainviathebloodstream.Thebraincannotmakeglucoseandsoneedsaconstantsupply.Braincellsneedtwiceasmuchenergyasothercellsinthebody.Withoutexercisetobalancetheaddedintake,however,such"brainfood"isprobablynotsmart.Variousstudiesinanimalshaveshownthatconsumingfewercaloriesoverallleadstosharperbrainsandlongerlife,andmostresearchersagreethatthefindingsapply,ingeneral,tohumans.And,ofcourse,eatingmorecanmakeyoufat."Caloricovercompensationfollowingintellectualwork,combinedwiththefactthatwearelessphysicallyactivewhendoingintellectualtasks,couldcontributetotheobesityepidemiccurrentlyobservedinindustrializedcountries,"saidleadresearcherJean-PhilippeChaputatLavalUniversityinQuebecCity,Canada."Thisisafactorthatshouldnotbeignored,consideringthatmoreandmorepeopleholdjobsofanintellectualnature,"theresearcherconcluded.57.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat______.A.consumingfewercaloriescanleadtosharperbrainsB.thinkingconsumedmorecaloriesthanrestingC.restingmorecanmakepeoplefatD.braincellsneedmoreenergythanothercellsinthebody58.Itisimpliedthattoavoidobesity,peoplewhohavetositlongshould______.A.thinkmoreandeatlessB.increasetheintakeofvitaminsC.skipsomemealsD.eatlesspotatoes59.Theword"stark"inthe3rdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto"______".A.negativeB.obscureC.absoluteD.ambiguous60.Accordingtotheresearch,whichofthefollowingactivitiesconsumedthemostcalories?A.Relaxinginasittingposition.B.Readingprofessionalbooks.C.Summarizingatext.D.Completingtestsonthecomputer.61.Accordingtothepassage,eatinglessmaymakepeople______.A.smarterB.lessintelligentC.moreemotionalD.liveashorterlife62.Oneofthereasonsfortheobesityepidemiccurrentlyobservedinindustrializedcountriesisthatinthesecountries______.A.peopletakedifferentexercisesB.fewerpeoplewatchtheirweightC.fewerpeopleholdphysicaljobsD.foodsaremuchcheaperPassageThreeOneofthesimplepleasuresofalazysummerdayistobeabletoenjoyarefreshingsliceofwatermeloneitheratthebeach,atapicnic,orfreshfromthefarmer'smarket.Deliciousandnutritious,watermelonisoneofthoseguilt-freefoodswecanallenjoy:onecupofwatermelonpacksonlyabout50calories!Watermelonsarenotonlycoolingtreatsforwhenthemercurystartstorise;theyarealsoloadedwithhealthynutrientssuchasvitaminA,vitaminC,lycopene番茄紅素),andetc.VitaminsAandCandlycopeneareantioxidants,whicharesubstancesthatworktohelpgetridoftheharmfuleffectsofsubstances.Researchhassuggestedthatadiethighinfruitsandvegetablesthathaveplentyofantioxidantscanreducetheriskofheartdisease,somecancers,andsomeotherdangerousdiseases.Acupofwatermelonprovides25%oftherecommendeddailyvalueofvitaminCand6%oftherecommendeddailyvalueofvitaminA.Additionally,researchershavefoundthatlycopene,anutrientmosttraditionallyassociatedwithtomatoes,isfoundinequalorgreaterquantitiesinwatermelon.WatermelonsalsoprovidesignificantamountsofvitaminB6andvitaminB1,bothofwhicharenecessaryforenergyproduction.Incombinationwiththemineralsandvitaminsalreadydescribed,theseBvitaminsaddtothehighnutrientrichnessofwatermelon.Duetoitshighwatercontent(watermelonis92%waterbyweight)andlowcaloriecount,watermelonisagoodchoicetosatisfyyourhungerwhileyoutrytoeatahealthydiet.Thinkofthemasnature'sanswertotheheavilymarketed"vitaminwater"craze.Besidesthetextured,wateryfleshofthefruit,watermelonseedsarealsowidelyeatenasasnack.Theyarerichinironandproteinandareoftenpressedforoilorroastedandseasoned.Soifyouareplanningondiningoutdoorthissummer,orsimplylookingforaquickandconvenientrefreshmenttoservetounexpectedcompanyorrecklesschildren,reachforwatermelon.Thekidswillenjoyitscrisptasteandmessyjuices,theadultswillenjoyitsrefreshingflavors,andeveryonewillbenefitfromitsnutritiousvalue.63.Wedon'tfeelguiltevenifweeatmorewatermelonbecause______.A.itisdeliciousB.itisnutritiousC.itcontainslowcaloriesD.itcontainsantioxidants64.Thephrase"whenthemercurystartstorise"(Para.1)probablymeans"______".A.insummereveningsB.onsunnydaysC.whenpeoplearethirstyD.whenitisgettinghot65.HowmanycupsofwatermeloncansatisfythedailyneedforvitaminC?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.66.Bysaying"Thinkofthemasnature'sanswertotheheavilymarketed"vitaminwater"craze",theauthormeans______.A.watermeloncantaketheplaceofvitaminsB.withwatermelon,peopledon'thavetobuyvitaminwaterC.naturalfoodsaremuchbetterthanthemanufacturedonesD.thevitaminwaterhasbeenover-advertised67.Watermelonseedsareoften______.A.friedinoilB.storedforseasonsC.preparedwithspiceD.pressedbeforebeingcooked68.Thebesttitleofthepassageis______.A.Watermelon--theMostEnjoyableRefreshmentB.TheWondersofWatermelonC.TheNutrientsinWatermelonD.Watermelon--theBestSummerFoodforChildrenPassageFourInitialvoyagesintospaceintroducedquestionsscientistshadneverbeforeconsidered.Couldanastronautswallowfoodinzerogravity?Tokeepthingssimple,astronautsontheProjectMercuryatefoodssqueezedoutoftubes.Itwaslikeservingthembabyfoodinatoothpastecontainer.Buttheseearlytubemealswereflavorless,andastronautsdroppedtoomanypounds."WeknowthatastronautshavelostweightineveryAmericanandRussianmannedflight,"wroteNASAscientistsMalcolmSmithin1969."Wedon'tknowwhy."Feedingpeopleinspacewasnotaseasyasitlooked.Floatingaroundinspaceisn'tasrelaxingasitmightsound.Astronautsexpendalotofenergyandendureextremestressesontheirbodies.Theirdietaryrequirementsarethereforedifferentfromthoseoftheirgravity-boundcounterpartsonEarth.Forexample,theyneedextracalciumtocompensateforboneloss.'Alow-saltdiethelpsslowtheprocess,buttherearenorefrigeratorsinspace,andsaltisoftenusedtohelppreservefoods,"saysVickieKloerisofNASA."Wehavetobeverycarefulofthat."BytheApollomissions,NASAhaddevelopedanutritionallybalancedmenuwithawidevarietyofoptions.Ofcourse,alltheitemswerefreeze-driedorheat-treatedtokillbacteria,andtheydidn'tlooklikeregularfood.Today,themostelaborateouter-spacemealsareconsumedintheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS),whereastronautsenjoyeverythingfromsteaktochocolatecake.TheISSisajointventurebetweentheU.S.andRussia,anddiplomaticguidelinesdictatethepercentageoffoodanastronautmusteatfromeachcountry.NASA'sfoodlaboratoryhas185differentmenuitems,Russiaoffersaround100,andwhenJapansentupitsfirstcrewmemberin2008,about30dishescamewithhim.Duetodietaryrestrictionsandstorageissues,astronautsstillcan'teatwhatevertheywantwhenevertheyfeellikeit.In2008,NASAastronautandISScrewmemberSandraMagnusbecamethefirstpersontotrytocookamealinspace.Ittookheroveranhourtocookonionsandgarlicinthespacestation'sfoodwarmer,butshemanagedtocreateatrulydeliciousdish:grilledtuna金槍魚)inalemon-garlic-gingersauceeatenfromabag,ofcourse.69.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheearlyspacemeals?A.Theyhadtobeeatenfromabag.B.Theytastedbetterthantheylooked.C.Theycouldnotmakeeatingaseasyaspossible.D.Theywerenotnutritiousenoughforastronauts.70.Itseemsthatastronauts'weightloss______.A.wasanunusualproblemamongastronautsB.waswhatpuzzledtheearlyscientistsC.causednewproblemsinspaceflightsD.drewtheattentionofthegeneralpublic71.AccordingtoVickieKloeris,servingalow-saltdietinspace______.A.iseasiersaidthandoneB.isnotabsolutelynecessaryC.hasworkedasexpectedD.willbethefuturetrend72.IntheInternationalSpaceStation,______.A.thereisenoughspacetostoreenoughfoodsforastronautsB.thereisaselectionofflavoredfoodsfromadozencountriesC.astronautsingeneralpreferfoodsfromtheirowncountriesD.astronauts'needtoeattheirfavoritefoodscan'talwaysbemet73.ItcanbelearnedthatSandraMagnus'cookinginspace______.A.leftmuchtobedesiredB.wasn'tworththeeffortC.wasquitesatisfactoryD.hasinspiredtheothers74.Thepassagemainlyintroduces______.A.thevarietyoffoodoptionsinspaceB.thedietaryneedofastronautsinspaceC.theproblemsoflivinginthespacestationD.theimprovementoffoodofferedinspacePassageFiveIsitpossibletobebothfatandfit--notjustfitenoughtoexercise,butfitenoughtoliveaslongassomeonealotlighter?Notaccordingtoa2004studyfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthwhichlookedat115,000nursesagedbetween30and55.Comparedwithwomenwhowereboththinandactive,obese(overweight)butactivewomenhadamortalityratethatwas91%higher.Thoughfarbetterthantheinactiveobese(142%higher),theywerestillworseoffthantheinactivelean(5%higher).Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000womenwithanaverageageof54.Comparedwithactivewomenofnormalweight,theactivebutoverweightwere54%morelikelytodevelopheartdisease.That'ssettled,then.Orisit?StevenBlair,aprofessorofexercisescienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,describestheofficialfocusonobesityasan"obsession...andit'snotgroundedinsoliddata".Blair'smostfascinatingstudy,intheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationin2007,took2,600peopleaged60andabove,ofvariousdegreesoffatness,andtestedtheirfitnessontheexercisedevice,ratherthanaskingthemtoquantifyitthemselves.Thisisanunusuallyrigorousapproach,heclaims,sincemanyrivalsurveysaskparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness,orignoreitasafactoraltogether."Thereisan'association'betweenobesityandfitness,"heagrees,"butitisnotperfect.Asyouprogresstowardsoverweight,thepercentageofindividualswhoarefitdoesgodown.Buthere'sashock:amongclassⅡobeseindividuals[withabodymassindexbetween35and39.9],about40%or45%arestillfit.Yousimplycannottellbylookingwhethersomeoneisfitornot.Whenwelookatthesemortalityratesinfatpeoplewhoarefit,weseethattheharmfuleffectoffatjustdisappears:theirdeathrateduringthenextdecadeishalfthatofthenormalweightpeoplewhoareunfit."Oneday--probablyaboutahundredyearsfromnow--thisfat-but-fitquestionwillbeansweredwithouttheshadowofadoubt.Inthemeantime,isthereanythingthatalltheexpertsagreeon?Ohyes:howevermuchyourbodyweighs,you'lllivelongerifyoumoveitaroundabit.75.Itcanbelearnedthatthe2008research______.A.posedachallengetothe2004studyB.confirmedthefindingsofthe2004studyC.solvedtheproblemsleftbehindbythe2004studyD.hadadifferentwayofthinkingfromthe2004study76.StevenBlairprobablydescribesthepreviousstudiesas______.A.unreliableB.uncreativeC.unrealisticD.untraditional77.ThemajordifferencebetweenBlair'sstudyandthepreviousresearchisthat______.A.Blairexcludedtheparticipants'fitnessasafactorB.Blairguessedtheparticipants'fitnessafterweighingthemC.BlairrequiredtheparticipantstoassesstheirownfitnessD.Blairevaluatedtheparticipants'fitnessthroughphysicaltests78.Blair'sstudyprovesthat______.A.theweightproblemshouldbetakenseriouslyB.weightandfitnessarestronglyconnectedC.itispossibletobebothfatandfitD.fatpeoplehaveahigherdeathrate79.Itcanbeseenfromthedescriptionofthesestudiesthattheauthor______.A.showsnopreferenceforanyresearcherB.findsnoagreementbetweentheresearchersC.obviouslyfavorstheBlairstudyD.obviouslyfavorstheHarvardstudy80.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto______.A.callonpeopletopayattentiontoweightproblemB.presentthedifferentfindingsofvariousweightstudiesC.comparethestrengthandweaknessofdifferentstudiesD.