連詞ByMelody

連詞是一種虛詞，它不能獨立擔任句子成分。用來連接詞，短語，從句與句子。連詞主要可分為兩類：并列連詞從屬連詞連詞

表示詞，短語，從句或句子之間具有并列關系。可以表示平行關系，轉折關系，選擇關系和因果關系。并列連詞and和；與；及；同；并

Timeandtidewaitfornoman.時不我待。(and表示并列)

Everythingoughttobebeautifulinahumanbeing:face，anddress，andsoul，andideas.

(2)and然后；接著

Theyshookhandsandbegantotalkatonce.

Hecameandsatdownandspoketome.(3)and而且；還；又

Iknowthathehasbeenarrestedandthatheisinprison.

Shuteishealthyandhandsome.

(4)and那么；則

Comeearlyandyouwillseehim.

Tryagainandyouwillsucceed.

1.and

(1)but但是；可是；然而

Shewantstogotocollegebutherparentswanthertogetmarried.

Thecarisveryoldbutingoodcondition.

(2)but(用于否定結構后)而(是)not…but…

Virtuedwellsnotinthetonguebutintheheart.看人看心不看嘴。

Hedidn’tcometohelp，buttohinderus.

他不是來幫忙，而是來阻礙我們的。

2.but

(1)or或；或者；還是

Hemustbemadordrunk.

(2)or否則；要不然

Bequick，oritmaybetoolate.

Donotmove，oryouareadeadman.不要動，不然要你的命。

(3)or(用于否定句)也不

Heneversmokesordrinks.

3.or

Hurryup，orelseyou’llmissthelastbus.

Let’sgetmoving，orelsewe’llmissthetrain.

4.orelse否則；要不然5.for

因為；由于……的緣故

Sangerhastostayuptonight,forthereisalotofhomeworktodo.

Thetwobrothersdecidedtoleaveatdawn，fortheyhadmanymilestocover.

6.so

因此；所以

Itbegantorain,sowewenthome．

Everybodylentahand，sothetaskwasdoneontime.

7.whereas

然而；但是；盡管

Somepeoplelikefatmeat，whereasothershateit.

Sheisdiligent，whereasheislazy.

8.aswellas

除……之外；既……又；與……一樣；和

OnSundays，hislandladyprovideddinneraswellasbreakfast.

Hikingisgoodexerciseaswellasfun.

Intheoryaswellasinpractice，theideaisunsound.

Hewouldliketogoaswellasyou.

9.aswell(也,而且,)用于句末.Aretheycomingaswell?Heisascientist,butheisapoetaswell.Heisascientistaswellasapoet.

和……（兩者）都；不僅……而且；既……又

BothMaryandPeterarewashingthedishes.

Marybothwashesthedishesanddriesthem.

10.both...and...不但……而且……

Heplaysnotonlythepiano，butalsotheviolin.

HecanspeaknotonlyEnglish,butalsoFrench.

11.notonly...butalso...或……或……；要么……要么……；不是……就是……

Eithercomeinorgoout.

Heiseitherdrunkormad.

Thecriminalrefusedtoeitherspeakoreat.

12.either...or..既不……也不……；……和……都不

NeitherMarynorTomcametoourpartyyesterday.

Heneitherdrinksnoreatsmeat.13.neither...nor...注意1.由or,either…or,neither…nor,not…but…,notonly…butalso等連接的并列成分作主語時，其謂語通常要與靠近的主語保持一致。HeorIaminthewrong.Neitheryounorheistired.

NotyoubutIamtoblame.Eithermyfatherormybrothersarecoming.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.2.當用作主語的成分后面跟有由but,except,besides,including,like,with,aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,inadditionto,combinedwith,ratherthan,togetherwith等引出的短語時，謂語動詞習慣上要與這些結構前面的主語保持一致（即與比較遠的那個主語保持一致，簡稱“就遠原則”）。Everybodyexceptyouisdownonme.

Awomanwithtwochildrenhascome.

John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.Jim,togetherwithhisclassmates,hasseenthefilm.

Myfather,nolessthanI,isabase-ballfan.Theson,aswellashisparents,wantstogothere.Theteacher,aswellasthestudents,isinterestedintheactivity.

practice()1MyauntaskswhetherIlikeawoolensweater___acottonone.

A.butB.orC.andD.not

()2EitherMary___Lucytoldhimtocometoseeus.

A.orB.andC.withD.nor

()3Hurryup,____we'llbelateforthefilm.

A.andB.butC.soD.or

()4Bequick,____we'llbelate.

A.andB.orC.butD.so

()5Werantothetrees,___wecouldn'tseeanymoremonkeys.

A.butB.soC.andD.for

1.NotonlyhebutalsoI

invitedisB.areC.amD.be2.Oneorperhapsmorepages_____missing.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen3.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,____tohelpinthiswork.A.wassentB.weresentC.issendingD.aresending4.Thepolice____theblackinwinter.A.wearsB.wearC.putonD.putson5.Thenumberofstudentsthatyouhavemet____thelifeoftheteam.A.areB.isC.wereD.be6.Theworkerandwriter_____fromWuhanA.areB.isC.wereD.be從屬連詞用來引導連接主句和從句的連詞。分為引導名詞性從句的連詞和引導狀語從句的連詞。

when,while,as,whenever

表示“當…時候”或“每當”Hejumpedupwhenthephonerang.Welistenedwhiletheteacherread.ThephonerangjustasIwasleaving.(2)before,after

表示“在…之前(或之后)”Turnthelightsoffbeforeyouleave.Hestartedthejobsoonafterhelefttheuniversity.1.引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞(3)表示“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞。主要的有since,until,till：Hehaslivedheresincehegotmarried.Mostmenworkeduntil[till]they’re65.(4)表示“一…就”的時間連詞。主要的有assoonas,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,once,nosooner…than,hardly…when等：Tellhimthenewsassoonasyouseehim.Irecognizedherthemoment(that)Isawher.Iwanttoseehimtheminute(that)hearrives.IwenthomedirectlyIhadfinishedwork.Oncehearrives,wecanstart.(5)表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的時間連詞。主要的有everytime(每次)，eachtime(每次)，(the)nexttime(下次)，anytime(隨時)，(the)lasttime(上次)，thefirsttime(第一次)：LasttimeIsawhim,helookedill.

Nexttimeyou’reinLondoncomeandvisitus.

Dolookmeupnexttimeyou’reinLondon.EverytimeIcallonhim,heisout.Youcancallmeanytimeyouwantto.2.引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞這類連詞主要有if,unless,as[so]longas,incase等：IfanyonecallstellthemI’mnotathome.Youwillfailunlessyouworkhard.As[So]longasyouneedme,I’llstay.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.3.引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfearthat等：Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.

Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.Bequietincaseyoushouldwakethebaby.Heisworkinghardforfearthatheshouldfail.4.引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有sothat,so…that,such…that等：We’reallherenow,sothatthemeetingcanbeginatlast.It’ssodifficultaquestionthatnoneofuscananswerit.Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.5.引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that),considering(that)等：

Hecouldn’tgottoschoolbecausehehadacold.Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourdiscussion.Seeingthatitis8o’clock,we’llwaitnolonger.Nowthatyouarehere,you’dbetterstay.6.引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有although,though,eventhough,evenif,while,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等：Although[Though]heispoor,heiswellcontented.Though[Eventhough]it’shardwork,Ienjoyit.Evenifyoudon’tlikewine,tryaglassofthis.Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.Howeveryouuseit,itwon’tbreak.7.引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有as,like,asif,asthough,theway等：Doitas[like]hedoes.Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.TheytreatmeasthoughIwereastranger.8.引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有where,wherever,everywhere等：TherewerelotsofparkswhereIlived.Sitwhereveryoulike.Everywheretheywent,theywerewarmlywelcomed.9.引導比較狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有than和as…as：It’seasierthanIthought.Theyareasoftenwrongastheyareright.10.引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞主要的有that,if,whether：Itisclearenoughwhathemeant.Yourgreatestfaultisthatyouarecareless.Whetheritwilldousharmremainstobeseen.Shedidn’tsayifhewasstillalive.注意1、特殊并列連詞while＼when

【例1】Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel____Iheardthesteps．

A．whileB．when

C．since

D．after

【例2】I’dliketostudylawatuniversitymy____cousinprefersgeography．

A．though

B．as

C．while

D．for

二者區別是：while“正在….”,還可表兩相對照;when表突然、在那時，常見于beabouttodo．．．when和Hardly．．．when等句型中。

whether和if都可以引導賓語從句，表示“是否”，在口語或間接引語中兩者可以互換使用。Iwonderif/whetherIcangetsomeadvicefromyou.2.if和whether的區別

但在有些情況下，whether和if的用法有一定區別。

1）.whether引導的從句常可以與連詞or或ornot直接連用，而if一般不能。Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.2）.當賓語從句提到句首時，只能用whether引導，而不能用if。Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.3）.whether可以引導帶to的不定式，if則不能。Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.4）.whether及其引導的成分可放于介詞之后，作介詞的賓語，但if不能。IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.5）.whether可以引導從句，作主語、表語或同位語，而if不能。

Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.

HisfirstquestionwaswhetherTomhadarrivedyet.practiceHurryup,Jack.Wehavetogettothestationbefore11:45_____wecancatchthe12:00train.

A.since

B.after

C.assoonasD.sothat

2.You'lldomuchbetter_____you'remorecarefulwithyourspelling.

A