設(shè)計(jì)總說明廣州南沙中華總商會(huì)大廈位于廣州南沙經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)，坐落于南沙東部海濱浦洲腳下。該項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)生的污水主要為：公寓入住人員生活污水、餐廳廚房產(chǎn)生的油污水和辦公區(qū)產(chǎn)生的生活污水。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，本課題處理的污水與一般的生活污水相比，該污水的富含油脂，直接排放將造成水體富營養(yǎng)化，污染江河，對環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重的影響。考慮到該污水排放的間歇性和不穩(wěn)定性以及廣州南沙中華總商會(huì)大廈的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，如何選用合適的生物處理工藝，使其投資少，占地少，又能適應(yīng)其水量變化大的特點(diǎn)，而使出水達(dá)標(biāo)將是本課題選擇何種生物處理工藝的關(guān)鍵。SBR法是污水生物處理方法的最初模式。由于進(jìn)、出水切換復(fù)雜，變出水、供氣系統(tǒng)易堵塞及設(shè)備等方面的原因，限制了其應(yīng)用和發(fā)展。當(dāng)今，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)和自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)及相關(guān)設(shè)備的發(fā)展和使用，SBR法在城市污水和各種工業(yè)廢水處理中越來越得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。SBR工藝具有工藝簡單，占地面積小，投資省，抗沖擊負(fù)荷強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并且非常適于本設(shè)計(jì)的污水水質(zhì)，水量波動(dòng)大的特點(diǎn)。根據(jù)SBR的優(yōu)點(diǎn)及針對廣州南沙中華總商會(huì)大廈的排出污水的特點(diǎn)，借鑒以往SBR廢水處理工藝工程實(shí)例，本設(shè)計(jì)擬定采用SBR工藝最合適。經(jīng)治理后的廢水可以達(dá)到《廣東省污水排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》新擴(kuò)改一級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（DB4426-01）及《污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB8978-1996）一級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)1.《中華人民共和國環(huán)境保護(hù)法》2.《水污染排放限制》（DB44/26-2001）新擴(kuò)改一級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3.《污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB8979-1996）一級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)原則擇適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、占地面積小的工藝流程，以達(dá)到投資節(jié)省，尤其是能最大限度地降低運(yùn)行費(fèi)用的目的。選擇治理效果好而且穩(wěn)定可靠的工藝流程，為達(dá)標(biāo)排放提供有利條件。采用的機(jī)械設(shè)備盡可能少，使運(yùn)行管理十分簡便。能承受水量水質(zhì)變化的沖擊負(fù)荷，操作運(yùn)行靈活。“三高三低”原則：科技含量高，設(shè)備國產(chǎn)化程度高，處理后水質(zhì)質(zhì)量高，造價(jià)低，運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低，占地面積低。結(jié)合“現(xiàn)實(shí)條件”，處理工藝應(yīng)結(jié)合中國國情和建設(shè)單位實(shí)際情況，符合設(shè)備成套化和系統(tǒng)化的市政環(huán)保政策。根據(jù)污水水質(zhì)、受納水體要求、地質(zhì)條件、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等條件選擇工藝。設(shè)計(jì)條件日處理水量293m3/d，污水處理廠的工藝設(shè)計(jì)處理水質(zhì)表1污水水質(zhì)與處理要求名稱食堂污水生活污水綜合污水排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)BOD5250mg/L110mg/LL180mg/LL≤20mg/LCODcr500mg/LL250mg/LL375mg/LL≤100mg/LLSS220mg/LL100mg/LL160mg/LL≤70mg/LNH3-N100mg/LL50mg/L75mg/L≤15mg/L動(dòng)植物油100mg/LL40mg/L70mg/L≤10mg/L工藝流程公寓生活污水、餐廳廚房油污水、辦公區(qū)生活污水經(jīng)收集后，首先由格柵去除廢水中較大的懸浮物，固體顆粒物質(zhì)，然后進(jìn)入氣浮池，經(jīng)氣浮處理去油后再流入調(diào)節(jié)池。在調(diào)節(jié)池內(nèi)，污水經(jīng)潛水泵提升至SBR池，經(jīng)SBR池處理后的上清液經(jīng)消毒池消毒后外排至市政管道，底部污泥斗中的剩余污泥經(jīng)排泥泵排至化糞池。DesignthegrosstheelucidationThetotalboardoftrademansionofChinaofGuangzhouNanShalocatestheeconomydevelopmentareaofGuangzhouNanSha,andlocateatthebankofsouthsandeasternregionsea.Thedirtywaterthatproduceofthatitemismainfor:Apartmentintolivethedirtywaterofoilthatproduceofkitchenoflivingdirtywater,restaurantofpersonnelwiththelivinganddirtywaterthattransacttheareatoproduce.Accordingtothecovariance,comparestothegenerallylivingdirtywater,thedirtywaterthistaskhandlingcontainamplegrease,thedirectventwillresultinthewatersupernutrition,pollutetheriver,influencetheenvironmentseriously.Inconsiderationofthatdirtywaterlineupthebyfitsandstartsthatputwithnotstability,andtheeconomicperformanceofthetotalboardoftrademansionofChinaofGuangzhouNanSha.Howtochoosetousethebiologichandlecrafttomakeitsinvestmentlittle,Coverlittleandadapttoitscharacteristicsthatwatertomeasurechangelarger.Sochoicewhichbiologiccrafttohandlingthewaterletthewatertoreachthestandardwillbethekeyofthislesson.SBRmethodisoneofthefirstestmodeofhandlemethods,becauseofthecomplicacyoftoswitchenteringwaterandventingwater,andprovidegassystemeasilybestopedandsoon,limiteditsapplication’sdevelop.Today,alongwiththedevelopmentanduseofthetechniqueandrelatedequipmentsofthecalculatorandautomaticallycontrol,SBRisgetmoreandmoreextensiveapplicationinthemunicipalandindustrialdirtywater’sdispose.TheSBRcrafthavetheadvantageofcraftssimple,covertheareasmall,investtheprovince,anti-impactthestrongburthen.Andveryadapttodealwiththewaterthisdesignwhichthecharacteristicsofmotionandfluidlarge.AccordingtotheadvantageoftheSBRandaimatthecharacteristicsofejectingwateroftotalboardoftrademansionofChinaofGuangzhouNanSha,theSBRcraftquiteadopttothisdesign.Throughdisposal,thewatercanattain<《thestandardofthedirtywaterrowofGuangdongprovince》.Thebasisofdesign1.《thePeopleRepublicofChinaenvironmentalprotectionlaw》2.Thenewmodificationof《aclassstandardofwaterpollutiondischargelimit》(DB44/26-2001)3.《thestandardofsynthesizesdirtywaterventing》(GB8979-1996)aclassstandard.Theprincipleofdesign1.Theadaptabilityisstrong,thecoverareasmall,andattaintheinvestmentandsave.Canparticularlylimitlowerthemovementexpenses2.Tochoosetheeffectiveandstableanddependablecraftprocess,inordertoreachingthestandardprovidethebeneficialterm.3.Theadoption'smachineequipmentsispossiblylittle,andmakethemanagementisverysimple.4.Canbeartheimpactchangingofthewater,andoperateandmovementiseasy.5.“threehighthreelow"principle:Thetechnologycontainstomeasurehigh,thedomesticdegreeofequipmentsishigh,andhandletheempressthefluidmatterquantityhigh,buildthepricelow,movementtheexpensesislow,andcoverthearealow.6.Combinationtotherealisticterm,handlecraftshouldjointogethertheChinesestateofthenationwiththeactualcircumstanceofdevelopmentsunit.DesigntermThedayhandlesthewater:293m3/dFluidmatterofthehandlewater：Table1DirtywaterfluidmatterwiththehandlerequestNameDirtywaateroofdinningrroomLivingddirtywaterrTheSyntthesizzediirtywwaterThestanndardOfventiingBOD5250mg/L110mg/LL180mg/LL≤20mg/LCODcr500mg/LL250mg/LL375mg/LL≤100mg//LSS220mg/LL100mg/LL160mg/LL≤70mg/LNH3-N100mg/LL50mg/L75mg/L≤15mg/LThecreaaturallandbotannicoiiloil100mg/LL40mg/L70mg/L≤10mg/LCraftprocessDirtywaterofoiloflivingdirtywater,restaurantkitchenofapartment,transacttheareatolivethedirtywaterthroughthecollectionsempress.First，todiscardthebiggersolidofwaterbythegridiron，thenenterthespiritfloatpond，andflowintotheregulatepond。Andthen，thedirtywaterwaspumpedtotheSBRpond.Throughthedisinfectionpondsterilizeventtothemunicipalpipe.GeneralintroductionThisdesignofgraduateistoaimsatthepurificationofdomesticwastewaterofthezhonghuachamberofcommerceedificeinGUANGZHOU.Thedesignfluxofthewastewateris293m3/d,theaverageBOD5amountto180mg/L,theaverageCODcramountto375mg/L,theaverageSSamountto160mg/L,theaverageNH3-N