self-introductionSara

LessonFourAnexcitingtrip1.exciting/ik'saiti?/adj.令人興奮的excitev.使興奮→adj.exciting＆excited↓↓

sth

sbexciting"令人興奮的；使人激動的"指人、事、物本身讓人興奮、激動excited

"興奮的"指人、物對......感到興奮，是（主動地感到）興奮的

eg:Thismovieissoexciting.sth

She'ssoexcitedabouttheupcomingholiday.

sb

.Newwordsandexpressions:{物+V-ing

eg:Hetoldusanexcitingstoryyesterday.人+V-ed

eg:AreyouexcitedaboutgoingtoBeijing?基本形式：interest→interested/interesting（感興趣的／有趣的)surprise→surprised／surprising（感到驚奇的／使人驚奇的）bore→bored/boring（厭煩的／令人厭煩的）frighten→frightened/frightening（受驚恐的／令人驚恐的）puzzle→puzzled/puzzling（迷惑的／令人迷惑的）test:1Mostpeoplelikewatchingfootballgamesbecausetheyarevery_____.

2Whenpeoplewatchfootballgames,theyarevery_____.3.Weareall_____atthe_____news.Newwordsandexpressions:2.receive/ri'si:v/vt.收到;接待;接納

vi.接收[過去式received過去分詞received現(xiàn)在分詞receiving]同義詞:acceptacquireget反義詞：giveoffer常用短語：receivefrom收到來自…receiveinto接受…為…eg:Ihavereceivedyourletter3days→Itis3dayssinceIreceivedyourletter3.abroad/?'br?:d/adv.在國外(a=at+broad寬廣→在寬廣的地方→在海外)goabroad出國liveabroad旅居國外travelabroad在國外旅行spreadabroad傳開athomeandabroad國內(nèi)外fromabroad從國外同義詞：overseasoutofthecountry反義詞：inone'snativelandathome

Newwordsandexpressions:Step1Readafterme.Payattentiontothewordsinred.Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.HeisinAustralia.Hehasbeenthere

forsixmonths.Timisanengineer.HeisworkingforabigfirmandhehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAliceSprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.HewillsoonvisitDarwinFromthere,hewillflytoPerth.Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore,soheisfindingthistripveryexciting.present(now)futurepast

presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時domyhomework現(xiàn)在完成時一.構(gòu)成:

主語+have/has+done(過去分詞)+其他過去分詞(pp)其變化方法和動詞過去式基本相同。有部分不同，需要記好。HehaslivedinShenzhenfor4years.HashelivedinShenzhenfor4years?Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.二.用法:1)現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作,并對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的)Ihavealreadylostthekey.

(我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.

(不了解書的內(nèi)容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.

(手是干凈的)常與already(已經(jīng)),yet(已經(jīng)),just(剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng))包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的時間副詞連用already:常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句,疑問句尾eg:He'salreadye-mailedhisphotostohisfriend→Hashee-mailedhisphotostohisfriendyet？2)表示過去已經(jīng)開始、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（也許還會繼續(xù)進行下去）動作或狀態(tài)。（句中謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞）ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsincehewasborn.Haveyoustayedheresince3o’clock?常與for,since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語或從句連用.since:(自…以來)

for:(長達）1)since+時間點

for+時間段He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.

Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.

2)since+時間段+ago

He

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.考點一：考查基本概念

eg:Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybe

they____what'shappenedtohim.Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時主要強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過去發(fā)生的動作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚攸c在于對現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考查難度較大，往往無時間狀語，需要從上下文分析、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析、推理，正確答案是Ｂ。Samgotsicktwodaysago.Samhasbeensickfortwodays.Sherrygotherdriver’slicense(執(zhí)照)in1999.Sherryhashadherdriver’slicensesince(自從)1999.考點二：考查與一般過去時的區(qū)別例1.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.

—Really?When___there?

Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygo

Ｃ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone例2.—______you___yourhomeworkyet?

—Yes.I_____itamomentago.

Ａ.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finished

Ｃ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時容易混淆，就是因為它們所表示的動作都發(fā)生在過去，但二者又有區(qū)別：一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，說話的側(cè)重點在于陳述一件過去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動作，它不與表示過去的時間狀語（如yesterday,lastweek,amomentago等）連用。故例１、２的正確答案皆為B。考點三：考查詞組have/hasbeenin/to與have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別

例1.MissGreenisn‘tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.

Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen例2.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.

Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeento

Ｃ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen簡析：“have/hasgoneto+地點”表示“某人去了某地（還未回來）”，指主語所指的人不在這兒。“have/hasbeenin+地點”表示“在某地呆了多長時間”，常與表示時間的狀語連用。“have/hasbeento+地點”表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地（但現(xiàn)在已不在那兒）。”故例1、2的正確答案皆為A。現(xiàn)在完成時三看三用一看時間狀語。如果句中沒有表示過去確切時間的狀語，常用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果有，則只能用一般過去時。Ihavevisitedthefactory.Ivisitedthefactorylastyear.二看句首有無疑問詞。如果籠統(tǒng)地問人家做過某事了嗎（句首無疑問詞），常用現(xiàn)在完成時；但進一步詢問何時、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事時（句首有疑問詞）就要用一般過去時。－Haveyouhadyourbreakfast?－Yes,Ihave.－Whendidyouhaveit?－Atseventhirty.注意：這種用法是以連貫性問答為背景的。否則就需要具體情況具體分析。Howmanywordshaveyoulearnedbyheart?Howdidyoulearnthembyheart?三看句中謂語動詞是否為延續(xù)性動詞。如果表示的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，最好選用延續(xù)性動詞，并使用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果是瞬間動詞，則用一般過去時。如：Hehasbeenaleaguememberfortwomonths.HejoinedtheYouthLeaguetwomonthsago.Exercises()1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.don’tyou()2.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()3.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBCBD()5.–WhereisHanMeinow?－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()6.－_____you____totheUnitedStated?－No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()7.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.