第七章倒裝句

△倒裝句講解△一、概說英語句子的主語通常位于謂語動詞之前，這種語序被稱為正常語序。但有時出于修辭或某種特殊語法結構的需要，需將謂語動詞放在主語之前，這種語序叫倒裝語序。倒裝可分為兩類：部分倒裝和完全倒裝。前者指主語和助動詞倒置，后者指主語和謂語完全倒置。1．Incameamanwithawhitebeard.(是完全倒裝)2．AtnotimewillChinaeverbehavelikeasuperpower.(是部分倒裝)二、部分倒裝構成部分倒裝的主要情形有1．含否定意義的詞(如：never，hardly，seldom，little，few，notuntil，not，notonly，nosooner，notasingle…，nolonger，nowhere，bynomeans，atnotime，neither，nor等)置于句首時，句子用倒裝。【例1】—Ican'tseethepicturewellfromhere.—________.A．Ican't,too B．NorIcanC．NeithercanI D．Neithercan'tI答案C【例2】TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle________theyknowaboutGerman.A．haveB．didC．doD．不填答案C【例3】Notonly________interestedinfootballbut________beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A．theteacherhimselfis；areallhisstudentsB．theteacherhimselfis；areallhisstudentsC．istheteacherhimself；areallhisstudentsD．istheteacherhimself；allhisstudentsare答案D2．so表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個人或物時，意為“……也一樣”，用“so＋助動詞＋主語”這樣的倒裝句式。若講述的情況屬于同一個人或物時，意為“……的確如此”，主謂不倒裝。【例4】—Youseemtobeanactor.—________.I'veplayedmanyrolesinalotoffilms.A．SodoI B．SoamIC．SoIdo D．SoIam答案D【例5】—Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.—________，and________.A．Sohehas；sohaveyouB．Sohehas；soyouhaveC．Sohashe；sohaveyouD．Sohashe；soyouhave答案A3．only加狀語(即：副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句等)放在句首時，主句用部分倒裝。【例6】Onlywhen________asaninterpreter________howimportantitwastopractisespeakingEnglish.A．Iworked；Irealized B．didIwork；didIrealizeC．Iwork；didIrealize D．Iworked；didIrealize答案D【例7】________canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A．Withhardwork B．AlthoughworkhardC．Onlywithhardwork D．Nowthatheworkshard答案C【例8】Onlythen________theworkofreconstruction________begun.A．could；be B．不填；couldbeC．不填；is D．were；不填答案A4．當虛擬條件句含有were，should，had時，可省略if，將were，should，had置句首。【例9】________inyourposition,Iwouldgo.A．IsIB．WereIC．IfwasID．IfIam答案B【例10】________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace.A．WereB．ShouldC．WouldD．Will答案B【例11】________foryourhelp,we'dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.A．Haditnot B．IfitwerenotC．Haditnotbeen D．Haditbeennot答案C5．so/such...that結構中，將so/such...置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。【例12】Socarelessly________thathealmostkilledhimself.A．hedrives B．hedroveC．doeshedrove D．didhedrive答案D【例13】Suchamovingfilm________thattheywerealllostinthoughtafteritwasover.A．itwas B．wasitC．therewas D．wasthere答案B三、完全倒裝構成完全倒裝的情形主要有1．以now，then，here，there，out，in，up，down，off，away等副詞開頭的句子，且句子主語是名詞時，句子常用完全倒裝。若主語為代詞，則不用倒裝。【例14】—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet...Look,there________therestofourguests！(2010·江蘇)A．come B．comesC．iscoming D．arecoming答案A【例15】________andcaughtthemouse.A．Upthecatjumped B．ThecatupjumpedC．Upjumpedthecat D．Jumpedupthecat答案C【例16】________withhisslippersonwhenheheardtheterriblenoise.A．Rushedheout B．OutrushedheC．Outherushed D．Outdidherush答案C2．將表語和地點狀語(多為介詞短語)置于句首加以強調時，后面通常用倒裝語序。【例17】AlongtherockyshoresofNewEngland________andtidalmarsh.A．arewherestretchesofsandybeachB．stretchesofsandybeacharethereC．arestretchesofsandybeachD．stretchesofsandybeachare答案C【例18】Ontheground________whichhadgoneintothecavetodie.A．anoldsickgoatlies B．layanoldsickgoatC．laidanoldsickgoat D．anoldsickgoatlying答案B四、另類倒裝1．as引導的讓步狀語從句中，必須將表語、狀語或動詞原形提到as前面。若提前的表語是單數名詞，一般不用冠詞。【例19】Theairwascold,________.A．thoughthesunbrightB．althoughwasthesunbrightC．brightasthesunwasD．asthesunwasbright答案C【例20】________，hecouldn'tmakehimselfheard.A．Shoutashemight B．AshemightshoutC．Shoutasmighthe D．Shoutalthoughhemight答案A【例21】________，hewon'tdosuchathing.A．Afoolasheis B．FoolasheisC．Foolishmanasishe D．Arealfoolasishe答案B2．當such用作表語放到句首時，通常采用倒裝語序。【例22】________thatyouwant.A．Suchisthebooks B．SucharethebooksC．Thebooksissuch D．Thebookaresuch答案B3．有時為了強調，可