揚州市2022年初中畢業、升學統一考試英語試題一、單項選擇（共15小題；每小題1分，計15分）在下列各題A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇一個能填入題干空白處的最佳答案。1.Chinahashelpedend70%ofpovertyworldwidesince________late1970s,accordingto________WorldBank.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：據世界銀行稱，自20世紀70年代后期以來，中國已幫助消除了全球70%的貧困人口。考查冠詞?？崭褚惶幈硎灸甏?，用“the+年份復數”，表示“在幾世紀幾十年代”，排除AC；WorldBank“世界銀行”是專用名詞，前加定冠詞the。故選B。2.Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnections________thelocallandscapeandpeople.A.in B.on C.at D.to【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：地名通常與當地景觀和人有著有趣的聯系?？疾榻樵~辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在；to到。根據“Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnections...thelocallandscapeandpeople”可知地名和當地景觀和人有聯系，haveconnectionsto...“和……有聯系”。故選D。3.________astronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.A.Though B.Till C.When D.Unless【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：當宇航員進行太空行走時，他們會穿著宇航服來保護自己的安全。考查連詞辨析。Though雖然；Till直到；When當……時候；Unless除非。根據“astronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe”可知當宇航員太空行走時，他們會穿宇航服，用when引導時間狀語從句。故選C。4.XiaSen________asimplelifeandsaveshermoneyfordonations.A.lives B.lived C.wasliving D.willlive【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：夏森過著簡樸的生活，攢錢捐款。考查動詞時態。根據“andsaveshermoneyfordonations”可知句子描述現在的情況，用一般現在時，主語是第三人稱單數，謂語動詞用單三。故選A。5.—Tellme,Grandma.________isyourfavouritepersoninthewholewideworld?—That’seasy!It’syou!A.What B.Who C.How D.Whom【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——爺爺，告訴我，全世界你最喜歡的人是誰？——這很簡單。是你！考查特殊疑問詞。What什么；Who誰；How怎樣；Whom誰。根據“It’syou”可知上文詢問人，且疑問詞在句中作主語，用疑問代詞who。故選B。6.Weyouthsdoourbestforourdreamsandtogetherasmallsuccesscangiveusasenseof________.A.achievement B.department C.treatment D.entertainment【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：我們年輕人盡我們最大的努力實現我們的夢想，共同取得一個小小的勝利就會給我們一種成就感?？疾槊~。achievement成就；department部門；treatment治療；entertainment娛樂。根據“asmallsuccesscangiveusasenseof”可知，表達成就感，用名詞“achievement”。故選A。7.Protectyourhearing.Don’twaituntilyou________hearathing.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：保護你的聽力。不要等到你什么也聽不見?？疾榍閼B動詞。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不應該；can’t不能。根據“Protectyourhearing.Don’twaituntilyou...hearathing”可知此處表示“現在就開始保護聽力，等不能聽到聲音再保護就晚了”，使用can’t。故選D。8.Insuchcheerfulconversation,thetime________alltooquickly.A.wentup B.wentdown C.wentby D.wentback【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：在這么歡快的對話中，時間流逝地很快?？疾閯釉~短語。wentup上升；wentdown沉下；wentby流逝；wentback追溯。根據“thetime”及“tooquickly”可知，表達時間流逝地快。用短語“wentby”。故選C。9.It’s________oftheboytoleavethetaprunning.A.endless B.homeless C.meaningless D.careless【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：這個男孩離開時忘記關水龍頭很粗心大意?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。endless無止境的；homeless無家可歸的；meaningless無意義的，無價值的；careless粗心大意的。根據“toleavethetaprunning”，可知表達這個男孩走的時候沒關水龍頭很粗心。故選D。10.—MayIspeaktoWangLi?—Sorry,sheisnotathome.She________sincelastmonth.A.left B.hasleft C.hasbeenaway D.wentaway【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——我可以和王麗說話嗎？——對不起，她不在家。從上個月開始，她就離開了?？疾闀r態。根據“sincelastmonth”可知句子應使用現在完成時have/hasdone，排除AD；且此處應用延續性動詞，而left“離開”是非延續動詞，排除B。故選C。11.________thepeoplelockedinside,thefiremenbrokedownthedoor.A.Reach B.Toreach C.Reaching D.Toreaching【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：為了接觸被鎖在里面的人，消防員破門而入?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子可知，“thepeoplelockedinside”的目的是“thefiremenbrokedownthedoor”，作目的狀語用動詞不定式。故選B。12.Peopleincoldareas________warmcolourstocalmcoloursintheirhomes.A.protect B.prefer C.pronounce D.practise【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：寒冷地區的人們更喜歡家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。考查動詞辨析。protect保護；prefer更喜歡；pronounce發音；practise練習。根據“Peopleincoldareas...warmcolourstocalmcolours”以及常識可知寒冷地區的人更喜歡暖色系，prefer...to“與……相比，更喜歡……”。故選B。13.—Ihearthatyoutookpartinaforestclean-upactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it________byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.A.organizes B.organized C.wasorganized D.willbeorganized【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——我聽說你上周日參加了森林清理活動。——是的。我們學校的環保俱樂部組織了這次活動來保護森林。考查動詞的時態和語態。根據“lastSunday”可知是過去的事，是一般過去時。主語“it”指的是“aforestclean-upactivity”，和動詞之間是被動關系，表達“被組織”用一般過去時的被動結構“wasorganized”。故選C。14.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—YoucantakeNo.6busthere.It’sabout15minutes’ride.A.howfaristheSlenderWestLake B.howfartheSlenderWestLakeisC.howcanIgettotheSlenderWestLake D.howIcangettotheSlenderWestLake【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——打擾一下，你能告訴我怎么去瘦西湖嗎？——你可以在那里乘坐6路公交車。大約15分鐘的車程?？疾橘e語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據“YoucantakeNo.6busthere”可知上句詢問應如何去某地，用how引導賓語從句。故選D。15.—Mypetdogdiedyesterday.I’minabadmood.—________.Iknowhowitfeels.A.Sorrytohearthat B.That’snotthecase C.Nevermind D.It’sapleasure【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——我的寵物狗昨天死了。我的心情不好?！鼙嘎牭竭@個消息。我知道那是什么感覺?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Sorrytohearthat很抱歉聽到這個消息；That’snotthecase事實并非如此；Nevermind沒關系；It’sapleasure別客氣。根據“Mypetdogdiedyesterday.I’minabadmood”可知此處應對別人的不幸遭遇表示同情，選項A符合語境。故選A。二、完形填空（共15小題：每小題1分，計15分）閱讀下面短文，從文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。Lateonenight,Gulliverreceivedawarningthatsomenobleswantedhimkilled.EventheemperorofLilliputwantedtogivehimlessfoodtosave___16___.ItwastrueGulliverwasveryexpensive.Quickly,hewrotealettertotheemperor,“I’m___17___tovisitBlefuscu,asIpromised.”Thenhehurrieddowntothesea___18___LilliputandBlefuscu.ThekingofBlefuscuhimselfcameouttomeethim.“Welcome!”criedtheking.“Stayas___19___asyoulike.”Walkingonthebeachaweeklater,Gulliversawoutatseaasmallboat—butafull-sizedone.Itwas___20___upsidedowninthewater.Gulliverrushedtotheking.Hebegged,“Canyouhelpmerescuetheboat?Thiscouldbemychancetogohome.”“Ofcourse,”saidtheking.“Takesomeshipstohelpyou.”Gulliverswamouttotheboat,holdingropesfromeachofthe___21___.WiththeshipspullingandGulliver___22___,theboatwasbroughtsafelytoshore.Gulliverandtheking’smensetaboutfixingtheboatforhislongjourneyhome.Soon,theboatwasfinished.“I’dliketoleavenow,”Gullivertoldtheking.“Butnooneathomewill___23___mystory.CouldItakesomeofyourpeoplewithme?”“Ican’tpossibly___24___that,”saidtheking.“Butyoumaytakesome____25____andasheep.”HealsogaveGulliverfiftybagsofgoldcoins.“Idon’twantyoutogo,”hesaid.“ButIunderstand____26____youhaveto.”“Thankyou,”saidGulliver.“I’llnever____27____youall.”Afteronlyafewdaysatseainhisboat,Gulliversawaship.Heshoutedandwavedwildly.Hewas____28____!Onesailorfoundhim.Theshipsailedoverand____29____Gulliver.“Wherehaveyoucomefrom?”askedthecaptain.“AplacecalledLilliput.”saidGulliverandheshowedthecaptainthe____30____fromtheemperor.Thecaptainwassosurprised.Forafewgoldcoinsandacoupleofcows,heagreedtotakeGulliverallthewayhome.—AdaptedfromGulliver’sTravels16.A.life B.time C.money D.energy17.A.against B.beyond C.off D.through18.A.between B.among C.upon D.during19.A.long B.far C.often D.soon20.A.taking B.falling C.swimming D.floating21.A.boats B.ships C.men D.sails22.A.filling B.shaking C.pushing D.carrying23.A.make B.expect C.suppose D.believe24.A.require B.refuse C.avoid D.allow25.A.food B.people C.coins D.cows26.A.when B.how C.why D.whether27.A.forget B.regret C.force D.obey28.A.indanger B.inluck C.infear D.inpeace29.A.pickedup B.gaveup C.setup D.dressedup30.A.awards B.presents C.victims D.rewards【答案】16.C17.C18.A19.A20.D21.B22.C23.D24.D25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B【解析】【導語】本文節選自《格列佛游記》，主要講述了格列佛在國王的幫助下修好了船只，帶著國王的禮物回到了自己的國家?！?6題詳解】句意：就連小人國的皇帝也想少給他食物以省錢。life生活；time時間；money錢；energy能量。根據“EventheemperorofLilliputwantedtogivehimlessfoodtosave...ItwastrueGulliverwasveryexpensive”可知皇帝是為了省錢才給他少量的食物。故選C?！?7題詳解】句意：我要離開去不來夫斯庫。against反對；beyond超過；off離開；through通過。根據“...tovisitBlefuscu...”可知他要離開小人國去不來夫斯庫。故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：然后他急忙下到小人國和不來夫斯庫之間的海里。between在兩者之間；among在……之間；upon在上面；during在……期間。根據“LilliputandBlefuscu”可知海在兩國之間，用between。故選A。【19題詳解】句意：你喜歡待多久就待多久。long長的；far遠的；often經常；soon很快。根據“Stayas...asyoulike”可知此處指待多長時間，aslongasyoulike“想待多久待多久”。故選A。【20題詳解】句意：它上下顛倒地漂浮在水里。taking帶走；falling掉落；swimming游泳；floating漂浮。根據“unsidedowninthewater”可知船漂浮在海里。故選D?！?1題詳解】句意：格列佛游到船上，拿著每艘船上的繩索。boats小船；ships船；men男人；sails航行。根據“Withtheshipspulling”可知此處指船上的繩子。故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：隨著船只的拉動和格列佛的推動，船被安全地帶到了岸邊。filling充滿；shaking搖晃；pushing推；carrying攜帶。根據“WiththeshipspullingandGulliver”可知船拉，格列佛推。故選C?！?3題詳解】句意：但是沒有人會相信我的故事。make制作；expect期待；suppose推斷；believe相信。根據“CouldItakesomeofyourpeoplewithme”可知他要帶一些人走，因為他家鄉的人不會相信他的故事。故選D。【24題詳解】句意：我可能不會允許。require需要；refuse拒絕；avoid避免；allow允許。根據“Butyoumaytakesome...andasheep”可知國王不允許他帶人走，讓他帶一些牛和羊。故選D。【25題詳解】句意：但是你可以帶走一些牛和一只羊。food食物；people人；coins硬幣；cows牛。根據“Forafewgoldcoinsandacoupleofcows”可知國王給了他一些牛。故選D。26題詳解】句意：但是我理解你為什么不得不走。when什么時候；how如何；why為什么；whether是否。根據“ButIunderstand...youhaveto”可知國王理解他為什么一定要走。故選C。【27題詳解】句意：我永遠不會忘記你們所有人。forget忘記；regret后悔；force迫使；obey遵守。根據“I’llnever...youall”可知是不會忘記他們。故選A?！?8題詳解】句意：他很幸運。indanger處于危險中；inluck幸運；infear害怕；inpeace和平地。根據“Onesailorfoundhim”可知他很幸運，有人發現了他。故選B?！?9題詳解】句意：船駛過，接走了格列佛。pickedup撿起，接載；gaveup放棄；setup建立；dressedup裝扮。根據“Theshipsailedoverand...Gulliver.”可知是這個船接載了他。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：他向船長展示了皇帝的禮物。awards獎；presents禮物；victims受害者；rewards報酬。根據“Forafewgoldcoinsandacoupleofcows”可知這些是皇帝送給他的禮物。故選B。三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，計30分）閱讀下列內容，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。AWetlandsareanylandthatisfloodedwithshallowwaterallormostofthetime.Theyareanaturalwaterholdingsystem.Therearemanytypesofwetlands.Amongthem,bogs,marshesandswampsarethethreemaintypes.Thedifferenttypesofwetlandshavedifferentkindsofplants.Onlymosses(苔蘚)andafewotherkindsofplantscangrowinbogs.Grassyplantslikecattails（香蒲）andreeds(蘆葦)arethemostcommonplantsinamarsh.Aswampisaforestwhosegroundisunderwaterallormostofthetime.Unlikebogsormarshes,aswampisfulloftreesandbushes.It’snotagoodideatogoexploringaswampwithoutaguide.Therearehiddenpoolsofwater,thickmud,andsometimesbigcrocodiles(鱷魚)lookingfortheirnextmeal.Hungrycrocodilesaren’ttheonlyanimalsthatmakethewetlandstheirhome.Otters,turtles,frogs,snakesandmanyotheranimalsdotoo.Thewaterishometomanykindsoffishandcrabs.Birds,includingducks,geeseandcranes,usewetlandsseasonallyduringtheirlongmigrations.Wetlandsareimportantbecausetheyprovidehabitatsforplantsandanimals.Awetlandsystemcanalsoprotectshorelines,makepollutedwatersclean,preventfloods,andrestoreundergroundwatersupplies.AccordingtoWWF,morethanhalfoftheworld’swetlandshavedisappearedsincethebeginningofthe20thcentury.Ifthiscontinues,countlessplantandanimalspecieswillsurelydieout.Withoutwetlands,citieshavetospendmoremoneytreatingwater.Don’tfeelhelpless.Trytodoyourparttoprotectthemrightnow.Herearesomeideas.31.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatcanyouseeinaswamp?A.Mosses. B.Cattails. C.Reeds. D.Trees.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Wetlandsareaman-madewaterholdingsystem.B.Therearethreetypesofwetlandsintheworld.C.Peoplecannotmeetwithbigcrocodilesinwetlands.D.Wetlandscanprotectshorelinesandpreventfloods.33.WhatisthewriterprobablygoingtotalkaboutafterParagraph5?A.Whatarethedifferenttypesofwetlands?B.Whatwillhappenifwetlandsdisappear?C.Whatactionscanpeopletaketoprotectwetlands?D.Whatotherkindsofplantsandanimalsliveinwetlands?【答案】31.D32.D33.C【解析】【導語】本文主要介紹了三種不同的濕地，不同的濕地有不同的植物和動物，而且濕地很重要，所以我們要采取行動保護濕地。【31題詳解】細節理解題。根據“aswampisfulloftreesandbushes”可知在沼澤地里有樹木和灌木。故選D?！?2題詳解】細節理解題。根據“wetlandsystemcanalsoprotectshorelines,makepollutedwatersclean,preventfloods”可知濕地系統還可以保護海岸線、防止洪水。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“Trytodoyourparttoprotectthemrightnow.Herearesomeideas”可知接下來會介紹應如何保護濕地。故選C。BEverymonth,Juliaandhercousinswouldgoforthebigfamilymealattheirgrandparents’house.Oneachvisit,theirgrandpawouldgivethemafewcoins.Thenallthechildrenwouldrunofftobuysweets.Oneday,hegatheredthechildrentogether.Hesaid,“Let’shaveacompetitiontoseewhocanmanagemoneywisely.Attheendofthisyear,tellmehowyou’veusedyourmoney.”RubenandNico,thetwosmallestkids,continuedspendingtheirmoneyallonsweets.Everytime,theywouldshowofftheirsweetsinfrontoftheotherchildren.ThismadeClaraandJoesoangrythatthesetwocouldnolongerkeepsavingtheirmoney.TheysoonjoinedRubenandNico.Montywasacleverboy.Hedecidedtomanagehismoneybybuyingandsellingthings.Soonhemadealotofmoneywithlittleeffort.Thewayhewasgoing,hewouldendupalmostarichman.However,hebegantospendhismoneyonmoreandmoreexpensivethingsforhimself.Afewmonthslater,hehadn’tasinglepenny（便士）left.Alexsavedandsavedallthecoinshewasgiven,andattheendoftheyearhehadcollectedmoremoneythananyone.Hewastheclearwinner.TherewasalsoJulia.PoorJuliahadn’tapennyonthedayofthecompetition.Shehadspentallhercoinsonhersecretplan.Juliaknewapoorviolinistwhoplayedinthepark,andsheofferedhimallthecoinsforhisviolinlessons.Althoughitwasn’tmuchmoney,onseeingJulia’sexcitement,theviolinistagreed.Alittleafterayeartheviolinistloanedheraviolinsotheytwocouldplaytogetherinthepark.Theyweresosuccessfulthatshemanagedtobuyherownviolin.Evenbetter,shelaterbecameaveryfamousviolinist.34.Whydidthechildren’sgrandpasuggestthecompetitiontothem?A.Toencouragethemtowincompetitions. B.Toteachthemhowtomanagetheirmoney.C.Totellthemmoneywasimportanttothem. D.Toknowwhowasthecleverestchildinthefamily.35.Theunderlinedwords“thesetwo”inParagraph2referto（指的是）________.A.ClaraandJoe B.RubenandNico C.MontyandAlex D.AlexandJulia36WhatcanwelearnfromJulia’sstory?A.Getrichslow,orgetpoorfast.B.Littleeffortalwaysbringsmuchmoney.C.Alittlemoneywellspentcanhelprealizeyourdreams.D.Itisnotwiseofyoutospendallthemoneyyou'vegot.37Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Grandpa’scoins B.Julia’scousinsC.Asavingcompetition D.Ahappyfamily【答案】34.B35.A36.C37.C【解析】【導語】本文主要講述了Julia的爺爺為了教導孩子如何理財，進行了一場特殊的比賽，看每個人如何花錢。通過這個比賽，孩子們明白，通過好好計劃，很少的錢也可以帶來意想不到的收獲和驚喜，甚至可以實現自己的夢想。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據“Let’shaveacompetitiontoseewhocanmanagemoneywisely”可知他是為了教導孩子如何明智地理財。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“ThismadeClaraandJoesoangrythatthesetwocouldnolongerkeepsavingtheirmoney”可知Clara和Joe非常生氣，所以他們也不再堅持存錢了，故此處劃線部分指代“ClaraandJoe”。故選A。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“Theyweresosuccessfulthatshemanagedtobuyherownviolin.Evenbetter,shelaterbecameaveryfamousviolinist”可知Julia用自己的錢幫助了那個小提琴手，最后她也在那個小提琴手的幫助下獲得了成功，成為了一個著名的小提琴手，由此可知有時花一點錢可以實現自己的夢想。故選C。【37題詳解】最佳標題題。本文主要講述了Julia的爺爺為了教導孩子如何理財，進行了一場特殊的比賽，看每個人如何花錢。通過這個比賽，孩子們明白，通過好好計劃，很少的錢也可以帶來意想不到的收獲和驚喜，甚至可以實現自己的夢想，故文章以“一場存錢比賽”展開。故選C。CMyfive-year-oldsonbefriendsthewoman.Itstartswithvoicesintheyard.WhenIcomeouttocheckonDaniel,hisfaceispressedonthefence（籬笆）.Thewomansays,“Youwaitrighthere;I’llberightback.”Shereturnswithasaw（鋸子）.There’sawhirring.Acircleinthewoodenfencedropsoutofsight.“Dad!SandyjustdrilledoutaholeinthefencesoSandyandIcantalk!”Danielspinsaround.Ihadn’tknownhernamewasSandy.We’velivedhereamonthbeforeDanielwasborn.Daniel’sandSandy’smurmuringvoicescontinue.WheneverDanielisoutside,hecirclesnearthefencethatisn’tafenceanymore.Somedaysmysonjustgoestostandatthehole,yelling,“Sandy!Saaaaandyyyyy!”SometimesIhearbitsoftheirtalk.“Wepaintedaghostatschool.”Or:“WheelerandJacksonwereplayingfootball,andtheytoldmeIcouldn’tplay.”“Thatwasn’tverynice,”saysSandy.“Didthathurtyourfeelings?Didyouletthemknowthat?”Ican’thearhowhereplies.Amomentofenvyrunsthroughme.Henevertalksabouthisschoolthingswithme.DanielandSandynotonlykeepchattingthroughthehole,theyalsoexchangegifts.Acoloringbook,thenaHotWheelscar.It’sunclearwhatDanielgivesSandyinreturn.Oneafternoon,IhearSandy’svoicefloatingoverthetopofthefencewiththehole.“IthoughtmaybeDanielcouldcomeforaplaydate.”WeringthebellonSandy’sporch.She’samiddle-agedwomanwithsmilingeyes.Sandy’syardissweetwiththesmellofflowers.WehaveapleasantafternoonwithSandy,myson’sadultfriend,thefirstfriendDanielhasmadeonhisown.Amonthlater,SandyleavestocareforhermotherinKansas.Sheleftbehindaboxofpresents:acoloringbook,sidewalkchalk,themissingorangepartintheHotWheelstrack.WhenIlookatDaniel,he’slookingdownathisshoes.Hesometimeswandersdowntothefence.Insteadofcalling“Sandy!Saaaaandyyyyy!”hecries.“Hello!Helloooooo!”Oneday,DanielreceivesSandy’spostcard.Theywritefrequently,warmly.38.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.SandyleavesforKansastocareforhermother.b.DanielandSandyexchangegiftsthroughthehole.c.DanielandSandyaregoodpenfriends.d.Sandydrillsoutaholeinthefence.e.SandyinvitesDanieltocometoheryardforaplaydate.A.dbeac B.badec C.dceab D.ecadb39.WhichsentenceshouldgointheemptyboxinParagraph4fromthebottom?A.TheneighbourhoodIgrewupinhasafencelikethis.B.We’vepassedthroughtheholeinthefence.C.BeyondthatfencestandsSandy’sbluehouse.D.I’mapersonwholooksonthebadsideofthefence.40.WhatcanweknowaboutDanielfromtheunderlinedsentencesinthestory?A.Hedoesn’tcareaboutSandy’sleaving. B.HeisimpressedwiththeshoesfromSandy.C.Heisheartbrokenwhenhearingthenews. D.HedoesnotwanttobeSandy’sfriendanymore.41.Whichsentencebestexpressesthethemeofthestory?A.Parentsarechildren’sbestfriends. B.Trustandfriendshipcangobeyondages.C.Agoodfencemakesagoodneighbour. D.Grassisgreenerontheothersideofthefence.【答案】38.A39.B40.C41.B【解析】【導語】本文講述作者的兒子丹尼爾和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的經歷。【38題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“SandyjustdrilledoutaholeinthefencesoSandyandmecantalk”可知，桑迪在籬笆挖了一個洞；根據“DanielandSandynotonlykeepchattingthroughthehole,theyalsoexchangegifts”可知，丹尼爾和桑迪通過洞交換禮物；根據“IthoughtmaybeDanielcouldcomeforaplaydate”可知，桑迪邀請丹尼爾來她的庭院參加玩耍聚會；根據“Amonthlater,SandyleavestocareforhermotherinKansas”可知，桑迪動身到堪薩斯州去照顧她的母親。根據“Oneday,DanielreceivesSandy’spostcard”可知，丹尼爾和桑迪是很好的筆友。正確順序是dbeac。故選A。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“WehaveapleasantafternoonwithSandy,myson’sadultfriend,thefirstfriendDanielhasmadeonhisown”可知，作者和桑迪度過了愉快的下午，兒子的成年朋友丹尼爾是他自己交的第一位朋友，兒子和桑迪之前通過籬笆的洞進行交流，現在直接見面，已經打破了籬笆的障礙。B選項“我們穿越了籬笆的那個洞”合適。故選B。【40題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“he’slookingdownathisshoes”及“hecries”可知，兒子舍不得桑迪的離開，聽到那個消息感到傷心。故選C。【41題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述作者的兒子丹尼爾和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的經歷。B選項“Trustandfriendshipcangobeyondages信任和友誼可以打破年齡的界線”可概括。故選B。DResearchersatChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorp,aState-owneddefensecontractor,havedevelopedandmadetheworld’sfirstrobotwhaleshark（鯨鯊）.Theroboticsharkhasbeenondisplayinanaquarium（水族館）atShanghaiHaichangOceanParksinceJanuary.Awhalesharkisaslow-movingcarpetsharkandthelargestknownlivingfish.DesignedandbuiltbyengineersattheShenyang-basedNo111Factory,theunderwaterrobotis4.7meterslong,weighs350kilogramsandcanmove42metersaminute.Poweredbyalithiumbattery,itcanswim,turn,floatanddivelikearealsharkbymovingitsmechanicalfins（鰭）.Themouthandgills（鰓）canalsoopenandcloselikeashark’s.Thebiomimeticsharkismadeofsensors（傳感器）,multi-jointfins,batteries,andsystemswhichenableittoavoidwhat’sinthewayinalldirections.“Therobotcanreachadepthof10metersandworkforaslongas10hours,”saidFangXuelin,aseniorresearcherinchargeoftherobotsharkprogram.“Thesharkcanberemotelycontrolledandcanalsoswimbasedonpresetprogramsoritsownsensors,”hesaid.“Wehavebuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishes,andtheroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar,”Fangadded.“Ourrobotsaretoservethreepurposes—toperforminaquariumsforentertainment,spreadknowledgeabouttheseaandaquatic（水生的）animalsamongyoungsters,andcarryoutscientifictaskssuchashydrologicalsurveys,underwaterphotographyandenvironmentalinspection.”“Thefactorynowplanstodevelopmoretypesofaquaticrobots,includingsomeextinctmammals（哺乳動物）,fordisplayinparksandschools.Itwillalsopromotetheproductstobusinessesengagedinfieldssuchasunderwatersalvageandmineralprospecting,”hesaid.42.Thewhalesharkondisplayis________.A.theworld’sfirstrobot B.thelargestlivingfishC.a7.4-meter-longshark D.aroboticshark43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“biomimetic”inParagraph5mean?A.仿生的 B.虛擬的 C.雜交的 D.變異的44.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesharkisthefirstmechanicalfishmadeatthefactory.B.Poweredbyalithiumbattery,thesharkcanswimwithoutstopping.C.Thefactoryhasbuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishesincludingtheshark.D.Thefactoryhasdevelopedsomeextinctmammalsfordisplayinparks.45.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A.Thelimitsoftheaquaticrobots. B.Thepurposesoftheaquaticrobots.C.Theprogressinmakingaquaticrobots. D.Thestepstodevelopingaquaticrobots.【答案】42.D43.A44.C45.B【解析】【導語】本文講述中國航天科工集團有限公司的研究員研發的世界上首個機器鯨鯊的主要特點和用途?！?2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“theworld’sfirstrobotwhaleshark”可知，展覽的是世界上第一個機器鯨鯊。故選D。【43題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第四段“DesignedandbuiltbyengineersattheShenyang-basedNo111Factory”及第五段“Poweredbyalithiumbattery,itcanswim,turn,floatanddivelikearealshark”可知，鯨鯊是工程師設計和制作出來的，像真實的鯊一樣可以游泳，轉彎，漂浮和潛水?！癰iomimetic”表達“仿生的”。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Wehavebuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishes,andtheroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar”可知，工廠已經建了很多種類的機器魚，機器鯨是目前制作的最大的機械魚。C選項表述準確。故選C?！?5題詳解】段落大意題。根據“Ourrobotsaretoservethreepurposes—toperforminaquariumsforentertainment,spreadknowledgeabouttheseaandaquaticanimalsamongyoungsters,andcarryoutscientifictaskssuchashydrologicalsurveys,underwaterphotographyandenvironmentalinspection”可知，第八段主要講述了制作水生機器魚的目的。故選B。四、詞匯運用（共10小題；每小題1分，計10分）根據句子意思，用括號中所給漢語提示或英語單詞的適當形式填空。在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）46.Letmerepeat________whathejustsaid.（exact）【答案】exactly【解析】【詳解】句意：讓我準確地重復他剛說的話。動詞“repeat”用副詞修飾。表達“準確地”用“exact”的副詞形式“exactly”。故填exactly。47.Excuseme,whatproblemsarewereally________tosolve?（try）【答案】trying【解析】【詳解】句意：對不起，我們真的在設法解決什么問題？try“試圖，設法”，根據“whatproblemsarewereally...tosolve”可知此處表示正設法解決什么問題，用現在進行時bedoing，故此處用現在分詞。故填trying。48.A________competitivespiritcanpushpeopletotrytobebetter.（health）【答案】healthy【解析】【詳解】句意：健康的競爭精神可以促使人們努力變得更好。根據“competitivespirit”，此處用形容詞healthy“健康的”作定語，表示“健康的競爭精神”。故填healthy。49.Afteranight’srain,themountainsaremuchgreenerandtheairismuch________.（fresh）【答案】fresher【解析】【詳解】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更綠了，空氣也更清新了。fresh“清新的”，根據“themountainsaremuchgreener”以及“much”可知此處用形容詞的比較級作表語。故填fresher。50.Workingasateammeanscelebrating________andfacinglossestogether.（victory）【答案】victories【解析】【詳解】句意：作為團隊一起工作意味著一起慶祝勝利和面對失敗。動詞“celebrating”后缺賓語，根據“andfacinglosses”可知表達慶祝勝利，是復數概念，用復數名詞“victories”。故填victories。51.Lifeislikeaboxof________.Youneverknowwhatyou’regonnaget.（巧克力）【答案】chocolates【解析】【詳解】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永遠不知道你將會拿到哪塊。介詞“of”后缺賓語，表達“一盒巧克力”用“aboxofchocolates”。故填chocolates。52.TheCommunistPartyofChinaisnowleadingthenationtowardbuildingagreat________socialistcountry.（現代的）【答案】modern【解析】【詳解】句意：中國共產黨正在帶領民族建設社會主義現代化強國。此處修飾名詞“socialistcountry”應用形容詞modern“現代的”。故填modern。53.________minutesaftersheleft,itstartedtosnowheavily.（三十）【答案】Thirty【解析】【詳解】句意：她離開三十分鐘后，天開始下大雪。三十：thirty，此處表示數量，用基數詞，放句首首字母大寫。故填Thirty。54.Ifwedroplitterinapublicplace,we’llbe________bythepolice.（罰款）【答案】fined【解析】【詳解】句意：如果我們在公共場所丟垃圾，我們會被警察罰款。罰款：fine，主語we和謂語fine之間是被動關系，此處用過去分詞和be動詞構成被動語態。故填fined。55.Mumjoinedourlittlegroupandintroduced________toournewfriends.（她自己）【答案】herself【解析】【詳解】句意：媽媽加入我們這個小組，向我們的新朋友介紹她自己。動詞“introduced”后缺賓語，表達“她自己”用反身代詞“herself”。故填herself。五、閱讀表達（共5小題；每小題2分，計10分）閱讀短文，回答下面5個問題。（每題答案不超過10個詞）Youdon’tknowmeunlessyoureadabookcalledTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.Huck’smyname,HuckleberryFinn.Thatbookendslikethis:mybestfriend,TomSawyer,andIfound$12,000ingoldinacave.Webecamerich.Wegot$6,000each.Mymotherdiedlongagoandthenmydad,Pap,disappeared.Hewasalwaysdrunkandheoftenbeatme.ThenakindoldladycalledWidowDouglastookmeintoherhometolive.Shegavemeabedtosleepinandboughtnewclothesforme.Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtmehowtoeatatatable.Shesentmetoschooleveryday.Ihatedthosenewclothes.Imissedmyoldlife.Iputonmyoldclothesandranawayandwasfreeandhappy,butTomSawyerfoundmeandsaidthatifIwantedtojoinhisclub,Iwouldhavetoreturntolivewiththewidow.Forthisreason,Ireturnedtolivewithher.Themonthspassedandwintercame.Theweathergotcold.OnemorningIwokeupandtherewassnowontheground.OnmywaytoschoolIsawsomefootprintsoutsidethewidow’shouse.Myheartjumped.Pap!“He’sheardaboutmymoney,”Ithought.“Andhewantsit!”WhenIlitmycandleandwentuptomyroomthatnight,theresatPap—hisownself!Iexpectedtobescaredofhimnow,butIwasn’t.Istoodlookingathim;hesetthere—lookingatme.Papwasnearlyfiftyyearsold.Hisblackhairwaslonganduncombedanddirty.Hehadallowedhairtogrowonhisface,whichwasghostlywhite.Justlookingattheuglywhiteskinmademefeelsick.Hisclothes?—dirtyandtorn.Hisfeetshowedthroughlargeholesinhisshoes.Hishatwasonthefloor—anoldblackhatwithalargeholeinit.—TakenfromTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn56.Whoistellingthestory?____________________________________________________________57.HowdidTomandHuckbecomerich?___________________________________________________________58.WhydidWidowDouglastakeHuckintolivewithher?___________________________________________________________59.WhydidHuckreturntolivewithWidowDouglas?___________________________________________________________60.WhatisHuck’sfatherlikeinyoureyes?Whydoyouthinkso?___________________________________________________________【答案】56.HuckleberryFinn.57.Theyfound$12,000ingoldinacave.58.Becausehismotherdiedlongagoandhisfatherdisappeared.59.BecausehewantedtojoinTom’sclub.60.Violent.Becausehisfatherwasalwaysdru