01項目管理知識領域ProjectManagementKnowledgeAreas01項目管理ProjectManagementKnowlTenprojectmanagementknowledgeareasProjectintegrationmanagement

項目綜合（集成）管理Projectscopemanagement

項目范圍管理Projectschedulemanagement

項目進度管理Projectcostmanagement

項目成本管理Projectresourcemanagement

項目資源管理Projectcommunicationsmanagement

項目溝通管理Projectriskmanagement項目風險管理Projectprocurementmanagement

項目采購管理Projectqualitymanagement

項目質量管理Projectstakeholdermanagement

項目利益相關方管理Tenprojectmanagementknowled2WordsandPhrasesunify[?ju?n?fa?]vt.使聯合;使一致;統一coordinate[k?u???d?ne?t]vi.協調consolidation[k?n?s?l??de??n]n.鞏固;聯合;合并interrelationship[??nt?r??le??n??p]n.相互關聯planning[?pl?n??]n.規劃過程;計劃制訂timelycompletion按時完成estimating[?est?me?t??]vt.評價;評估;估算(estimate的動名詞)budgeting[?b?d??t??]vt.編制預算(budget的動名詞)financing[fa??n?ns??]vt.融資;籌措資金(finance的動名詞)WordsandPhrasesunify[?ju?n?WordsandPhrasesfunding[?f?nd??]vt.籌資;提供資金(fund的動名詞)managing[?m?n?d???]vt.管理(manage的動名詞)controlling[k?n?tr??l??]vt.控制;管理(control的動名詞)theapprovedbudget批準的預算stakeholders'expectations利益相關方的期望retrieval[r??tri?vl]n.檢索;恢復;取回ultimatedisposition最終處置conducting[k?n?d?kt??]vt.實施;指揮(conduct的動名詞)WordsandPhrasesfunding[?f?n上面的句型均可以表達某主語包括什么過程和活動,在英文書寫中為了避免重復,可以采用上述不同的表達方式。但是要區分介詞to、in、for、of后面動詞的表達形式。在上述語法環境下,to后面需要加動詞原形,in、for、of后面則加動名詞。PMBOK將項目管理知識分為十個領域,是一種認為項目工作是由(多個)過程完成的方法。SentencesIllustrationThePMBOKdividestheknowledgeintotenprojectmanagementknowledgeareas,anapproachthatconsidersworkasifitwerebeingaccomplishedbyprocesses.Projectintegrationmanagementincludestheprocessesandactivitiesto...Projectscopemanagementincludestheprocessesrequiredto...Projectcostmanagementincludestheprocessesinvolvedin...Projectqualitymanagementincludestheprocessesfor...Projectriskmanagementincludestheprocessesof...上面的句型均可以表達某主語包括什么過程和活動,在英文書寫中為5ReviewQuestionsandProblemsReadthroughthePMBOKGuide(sixthedition)tounderstandthemanagementprocessesforthetenprojectmanagementknowledgeareasmentionedabove.ReviewQuestionsandProblemsR602項目參與者ConstructionParticipants02項目參與者ConstructionParticipan項目參與者Owners業主GeneralContractors總承包商Designers—ArchitectsandEngineers建筑設計師和結構設計師InsuranceCompaniesandBanks保險公司和銀行SubcontractorsorSpecialtyContractors分包商或者專業承包商ConstructionManagers施工經理Suppliers供應商項目參與者Owners業主GeneralContract8WordsandPhrasesaccomplished[??k?mpl??t]vt.完成(accomplish的過去分詞)theprimaryresponsibility主要責任onallmatters在所有方面steelerection鋼結構安裝drywall[?dra?w??l]n.清水墻painting[?pe?nt??]n.刷油漆;粉刷,涂裝“canned”designs總包設計approveprogresspayments批準進度付款issue[???u?]vt.發出;簽署themagnitudeof……的意義;……的重要性preferto傾向于;更喜歡priorto在……之前liability[?la???b?l?ti]n.債務;責任individualcontractors單個承包商WordsandPhrasesaccomplishedSentencesIllustrationTheprimaryjoboftheGCistomanagethejob,keepitonschedule,controlcosts,andensuretheworkiswellcoordinatedandperformedinasafemanner,andtocoordinatewiththeowneronallmatterssincetheGCistheonlyoneoftheprojectcontractorsholdingacontractwiththeowner.總承包商的主要任務是管理建設工作,使其按時完成,并控制成本,保證整個工程能夠安全地組織和實施,并在所有事務上與業主保持協調,因為總承包商是唯一與業主簽訂合同的項目承包人。

SentencesIllustrationThepri10ReviewQuestionsandProblemsrethereanyotherconstructionparticipantsinvolvedintheprojectbesidestheparticipantsmentionedinthetext?AReviewQuestionsandProblemsr03項目建設生命周期TheConstructionProjectLifeCycle03項目建設TheConstructionProjectTheConstructionProjectLifeCycle

2.PlanningandDesignPhase規劃和設計階段1.Pre-projectPhase建設前階段3.ContractorSelectionPhase承包商選擇階段4.ProjectMobilizationPhase項目動員階段5.Pre-projectPhase項目建設實施階段6.ProjectCloseoutandTerminationPhase項目竣工和終止階段TheConstructionProjectLife13WordsandPhrasesassociatedwith與……相關sequentialadj.按次序的;順序的iterativeadj.重復的;迭代的overlappingadj.重疊的beresponsiblefor為……負責regardlessof不管;不論pre-agreed-upon預先約定的reimbursedvt.償還;補償(reimburse的過去分詞)ascertainvt.弄清;確定setforth闡述;詳盡地解釋schematicdiagrams示意圖;原理圖pre-agreed-upon預先約定的reimbursedvt.償還;補償(reimburse的過去分詞)ascertainvt.弄清;確定setforth闡述;詳盡地解釋schematicdiagrams示意圖;原理圖WordsandPhrasesassociatedwiSentencesIllustration后面的任務是設計專業學生所熟悉的經典的核心設計工作,在這一工作中,要運用各種設計原理來估算荷載和其他設計要求,選擇材料,確定構件尺寸和內部配置,確保每個構件之間合理連接。上述設計開發工作的成果將用于最后一個階段,在這一階段中要準備各種合同文件,用于后期承包商的選擇和施工現場的安裝工作。Thislatteractivityistheclassicalhardcoreengineeringfamiliartostudentsinthedesignprofessions,inwhichvariousengineeringprinciplesareusedtoestimateloadsandotherrequirements,selectmaterials,determinecomponentsizesandconfigurations,andassurethateachelementisproperinrelationtootherelements.Theoutputfromthisdesigndevelopmenteffortisusedinthefinalstage,whereincontractdocumentsarepreparedforuseincontractorselectionandinstallationworkattheconstructionsite.SentencesIllustration后面的任務是設ReviewQuestions

andProblemsPleasemakeastatementofthesixphasesintheconstructionprojectlifecycleandtheircorrespondingcharacteristics.ReviewQuestionsandProblemsP1604施工采購方法ConstructionProcurementMethods04施工采購方法ConstructionProcuremeConstructionProcurementMethodsTraditionalMethod傳統方法PrivateFinancingInitiative(PFI)Design&BuildMethodJointVenture/PartneringManagementContracting設計建造模式管理承包模式聯合經營/合作模式私人主動融資ConstructionProcurementMetho18WordsandPhrasesrenovation[?ren??ve??n]n.翻新;革新;修理essential[??sen?l]adj.必要的;基本的obligations[?bl??ɡe??nz]n.承付款項(obligation的復數)義務;債務complexandcomparativelyhugeprojects復雜和相對巨大的項目actsas作為;充當(act的第三人稱單數)specializedfield專業領域inpackages打包mutualobjectives共同的目標memorandumofunderstanding諒解備忘錄;理解備忘錄solely[?s??lli]adv.單獨地;唯一地betransferredto被轉移至;被移交到WordsandPhrasesrenovation[?Commonlyspeaking,fiveprocurementsystemsarebeingexercisedintheconstructionindustry.Thebelowchartcomparesandcontraststhefivemainprocurementmethods.通常來說,建筑行業中采用五種采購模式。下表比較分析了這五種主要的采購方法。SentencesIllustrationCommonlyspeaking,fiveprocur20ReviewQuestionsandProblems

Whatarethedifferencesbetweentheaboveconstructionprocurementmethodsandconstructiondeliverymethods?ConstructionProcurementMethodsReviewQuestionsandProblems05閱讀材料Readingmaterial

05閱讀材料ReadingmaterialReadingmaterialTheterm“Public-PrivatePartnership(PPP)”①describesarangeofpossiblerelationshipsamongpublicandprivateentitiesinthecontextofinfrastructureandotherservices.Othertermsusedforthistypeofactivityincludeprivatesectorparticipation(PSP)andprivatization.Whilethethreetermshaveoftenbeenusedinterchangeably,therearedifferences:PPPspresentaframeworkthat—whileengagingtheprivatesector—acknowledgeandstructuretheroleforthegovernmentinensuringthatsocialobligationsaremetandsuccessfulsectorreformsandpublicinvestmentsachieved.AstrongPPPallocatesthetasks,obligations,andrisksamongthepublicandprivatepartnersinanoptimalway.ThepublicpartnersinaPPParegovernmententities,includingministries,departments,municipalities,orstate-ownedenterprises.TheprivatepartnerscanbelocalorinternationalandmayincludebusinessesorinvestorswithtechnicalorWhatarePublic-PrivatePartnerships?1ReadingmaterialTheterm“PublReadingmaterialfinancialexpertiserelevanttotheproject.Increasingly,PPPsmayalsoincludenon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs)and/orcommunity-basedorganizations(CBOs)whorepresentstakeholdersdirectlyaffectedbytheproject.

EffectivePPPsrecognizethatthepublicandtheprivatesectorseachhavecertainadvantages,relativetotheother,inperformingspecifictasks.Thegovernment’scontributiontoaPPPmaytaketheformofcapitalforinvestment(availablethroughtaxrevenue),atransferofassets,orothercommitmentsorin-kindcontributionsthatsupportthepartnership.Thegovernmentalsoprovidessocialresponsibility,environmentalawareness,localknowledge,andanabilitytomobilizepoliticalsupport.Theprivatesector’sroleinthepartnershipistomakeuseofitsexpertiseincommerce,management,operations,andinnovationtorunthebusinessefficiently.Theprivatepartnermayalsocontributeinvestmentcapitaldependingontheformofcontract.WhatarePublic-PrivatePartnerships?2ReadingmaterialfinancialexpeReadingmaterialThestructureofthepartnershipshouldbedesignedtoallocateriskstothepartnerswhoarebestabletomanagethoserisksandthusminimizecostswhileimprovingperformance.PSPisatermoftenusedinterchangeablywithPPPs.However,PSPcontractstransferobligationstotheprivatesectorratherthanemphasizingtheopportunityforpartnership.Inthemidtothelate1990s,therewasaslowdowninpublic-privatecontractingininfrastructuresectors,whichwaslargelyprecipitatedbyasocialbacklashagainsttheperceivedpreferencefortheprivatesectoroverthepublicsectorindeliveringinfrastructureservicesindevelopingcountries.Tosomedegree,thesocialbacklashwasrootedinconfusionbetweenPSPandprivatization.SomePSPschemeswereoverlyambitiousandthesocialagendawasoverlooked,leadingtolegitimatepublicconcerns.

WhatarePublic-PrivatePartnerships?3ReadingmaterialThestructureReadingmaterialThecriticalanalysisofPSPexperiencehasledtothedesignofanewgenerationoftransactions,whicharenowmorecommonlyknownasPPPs.Privatizationinvolvesthesaleofsharesorownershipinacompanyorthesaleofoperatingassetsorservicesownedbythepublicsector.Privatizationismostcommonandmorewidelyacceptedinsectorsthatarenottraditionallyconsideredpublicservices,suchasmanufacturing,construction,etc.Whenprivatizationoccursintheinfrastructureorutilitiessectors,itisusuallyaccompaniedbysector-specificregulatoryarrangementstotakeaccountofsocialandpolicyconcernsrelatedtothesale,andcontinuingoperationofassetsusedforpublicservices.SectorsinwhichPPPshavebeencompletedworldwideincludepowergenerationanddistribution,waterandsanitation,refusedisposal,pipelines,hospitals,schoolbuildingsandteachingfacilities,stadiums,airtrafficcontrol,prisons,railways,roads,billingandotherinformationtechnologysystems,andhousing.

WhatarePublic-PrivatePartnerships?4ReadingmaterialThecriticalaReviewQuestionsandProblems

AmongthefiveconstructionprocurementmethodsmentionedinthepreviousSection1.4,theformerthreemethodscanbeclassifiedintotraditionalorclassicalprocurementmethods.Thelattertwomethodscanbeclassifiedintoinnovativeprocurementmethods.HowtoclassifyPublic-PrivatePartnerships?Pleasemakeafurtherdiscussion.ReviewQuestionsandProblems

2701項目管理知識領域ProjectManagementKnowledgeAreas01項目管理ProjectManagementKnowlTenprojectmanagementknowledgeareasProjectintegrationmanagement

項目綜合（集成）管理Projectscopemanagement

項目范圍管理Projectschedulemanagement

項目進度管理Projectcostmanagement

項目成本管理Projectresourcemanagement

項目資源管理Projectcommunicationsmanagement

項目溝通管理Projectriskmanagement項目風險管理Projectprocurementmanagement

項目采購管理Projectqualitymanagement

項目質量管理Projectstakeholdermanagement

項目利益相關方管理Tenprojectmanagementknowled29WordsandPhrasesunify[?ju?n?fa?]vt.使聯合;使一致;統一coordinate[k?u???d?ne?t]vi.協調consolidation[k?n?s?l??de??n]n.鞏固;聯合;合并interrelationship[??nt?r??le??n??p]n.相互關聯planning[?pl?n??]n.規劃過程;計劃制訂timelycompletion按時完成estimating[?est?me?t??]vt.評價;評估;估算(estimate的動名詞)budgeting[?b?d??t??]vt.編制預算(budget的動名詞)financing[fa??n?ns??]vt.融資;籌措資金(finance的動名詞)WordsandPhrasesunify[?ju?n?WordsandPhrasesfunding[?f?nd??]vt.籌資;提供資金(fund的動名詞)managing[?m?n?d???]vt.管理(manage的動名詞)controlling[k?n?tr??l??]vt.控制;管理(control的動名詞)theapprovedbudget批準的預算stakeholders'expectations利益相關方的期望retrieval[r??tri?vl]n.檢索;恢復;取回ultimatedisposition最終處置conducting[k?n?d?kt??]vt.實施;指揮(conduct的動名詞)WordsandPhrasesfunding[?f?n上面的句型均可以表達某主語包括什么過程和活動,在英文書寫中為了避免重復,可以采用上述不同的表達方式。但是要區分介詞to、in、for、of后面動詞的表達形式。在上述語法環境下,to后面需要加動詞原形,in、for、of后面則加動名詞。PMBOK將項目管理知識分為十個領域,是一種認為項目工作是由(多個)過程完成的方法。SentencesIllustrationThePMBOKdividestheknowledgeintotenprojectmanagementknowledgeareas,anapproachthatconsidersworkasifitwerebeingaccomplishedbyprocesses.Projectintegrationmanagementincludestheprocessesandactivitiesto...Projectscopemanagementincludestheprocessesrequiredto...Projectcostmanagementincludestheprocessesinvolvedin...Projectqualitymanagementincludestheprocessesfor...Projectriskmanagementincludestheprocessesof...上面的句型均可以表達某主語包括什么過程和活動,在英文書寫中為32ReviewQuestionsandProblemsReadthroughthePMBOKGuide(sixthedition)tounderstandthemanagementprocessesforthetenprojectmanagementknowledgeareasmentionedabove.ReviewQuestionsandProblemsR3302項目參與者ConstructionParticipants02項目參與者ConstructionParticipan項目參與者Owners業主GeneralContractors總承包商Designers—ArchitectsandEngineers建筑設計師和結構設計師InsuranceCompaniesandBanks保險公司和銀行SubcontractorsorSpecialtyContractors分包商或者專業承包商ConstructionManagers施工經理Suppliers供應商項目參與者Owners業主GeneralContract35WordsandPhrasesaccomplished[??k?mpl??t]vt.完成(accomplish的過去分詞)theprimaryresponsibility主要責任onallmatters在所有方面steelerection鋼結構安裝drywall[?dra?w??l]n.清水墻painting[?pe?nt??]n.刷油漆;粉刷,涂裝“canned”designs總包設計approveprogresspayments批準進度付款issue[???u?]vt.發出;簽署themagnitudeof……的意義;……的重要性preferto傾向于;更喜歡priorto在……之前liability[?la???b?l?ti]n.債務;責任individualcontractors單個承包商WordsandPhrasesaccomplishedSentencesIllustrationTheprimaryjoboftheGCistomanagethejob,keepitonschedule,controlcosts,andensuretheworkiswellcoordinatedandperformedinasafemanner,andtocoordinatewiththeowneronallmatterssincetheGCistheonlyoneoftheprojectcontractorsholdingacontractwiththeowner.總承包商的主要任務是管理建設工作,使其按時完成,并控制成本,保證整個工程能夠安全地組織和實施,并在所有事務上與業主保持協調,因為總承包商是唯一與業主簽訂合同的項目承包人。

SentencesIllustrationThepri37ReviewQuestionsandProblemsrethereanyotherconstructionparticipantsinvolvedintheprojectbesidestheparticipantsmentionedinthetext?AReviewQuestionsandProblemsr03項目建設生命周期TheConstructionProjectLifeCycle03項目建設TheConstructionProjectTheConstructionProjectLifeCycle

2.PlanningandDesignPhase規劃和設計階段1.Pre-projectPhase建設前階段3.ContractorSelectionPhase承包商選擇階段4.ProjectMobilizationPhase項目動員階段5.Pre-projectPhase項目建設實施階段6.ProjectCloseoutandTerminationPhase項目竣工和終止階段TheConstructionProjectLife40WordsandPhrasesassociatedwith與……相關sequentialadj.按次序的;順序的iterativeadj.重復的;迭代的overlappingadj.重疊的beresponsiblefor為……負責regardlessof不管;不論pre-agreed-upon預先約定的reimbursedvt.償還;補償(reimburse的過去分詞)ascertainvt.弄清;確定setforth闡述;詳盡地解釋schematicdiagrams示意圖;原理圖pre-agreed-upon預先約定的reimbursedvt.償還;補償(reimburse的過去分詞)ascertainvt.弄清;確定setforth闡述;詳盡地解釋schematicdiagrams示意圖;原理圖WordsandPhrasesassociatedwiSentencesIllustration后面的任務是設計專業學生所熟悉的經典的核心設計工作,在這一工作中,要運用各種設計原理來估算荷載和其他設計要求,選擇材料,確定構件尺寸和內部配置,確保每個構件之間合理連接。上述設計開發工作的成果將用于最后一個階段,在這一階段中要準備各種合同文件,用于后期承包商的選擇和施工現場的安裝工作。Thislatteractivityistheclassicalhardcoreengineeringfamiliartostudentsinthedesignprofessions,inwhichvariousengineeringprinciplesareusedtoestimateloadsandotherrequirements,selectmaterials,determinecomponentsizesandconfigurations,andassurethateachelementisproperinrelationtootherelements.Theoutputfromthisdesigndevelopmenteffortisusedinthefinalstage,whereincontractdocumentsarepreparedforuseincontractorselectionandinstallationworkattheconstructionsite.SentencesIllustration后面的任務是設ReviewQuestions

andProblemsPleasemakeastatementofthesixphasesintheconstructionprojectlifecycleandtheircorrespondingcharacteristics.ReviewQuestionsandProblemsP4304施工采購方法ConstructionProcurementMethods04施工采購方法ConstructionProcuremeConstructionProcurementMethodsTraditionalMethod傳統方法PrivateFinancingInitiative(PFI)Design&BuildMethodJointVenture/PartneringManagementContracting設計建造模式管理承包模式聯合經營/合作模式私人主動融資ConstructionProcurementMetho45WordsandPhrasesrenovation[?ren??ve??n]n.翻新;革新;修理essential[??sen?l]adj.必要的;基本的obligations[?bl??ɡe??nz]n.承付款項(obligation的復數)義務;債務complexandcomparativelyhugeprojects復雜和相對巨大的項目actsas作為;充當(act的第三人稱單數)specializedfield專業領域inpackages打包mutualobjectives共同的目標memorandumofunderstanding諒解備忘錄;理解備忘錄solely[?s??lli]adv.單獨地;唯一地betransferredto被轉移至;被移交到WordsandPhrasesrenovation[?Commonlyspeaking,fiveprocurementsystemsarebeingexercisedintheconstructionindustry.Thebelowchartcomparesandcontraststhefivemainprocurementmethods.通常來說,建筑行業中采用五種采購模式。下表比較分析了這五種主要的采購方法。SentencesIllustrationCommonlyspeaking,fiveprocur47ReviewQuestionsandProblems

Whatarethedifferencesbetweentheaboveconstructionprocurementmethodsandconstructiondeliverymethods?ConstructionProcurementMethodsReviewQuestionsandProblems05閱讀材料Readingmaterial

05閱讀材料ReadingmaterialReadingmaterialTheterm“Public-PrivatePartnership(PPP)”①describesarangeofpossiblerelationshipsamongpublicandprivateentitiesinthecontextofinfrastructureandotherservices.Othertermsusedforthistypeofactivityincludeprivatesectorparticipation(PSP)andprivatization.Whilethethreetermshaveoftenbeenusedinterchangeably,therearedifferences:PPPspresentaframeworkthat—whileengagingtheprivatesector—acknowledgeandstructuretheroleforthegovernmentinensuringthatsocialobligationsaremetandsuccessfulsectorreformsandpublicinvestmentsachieved.AstrongPPPallocatesthetasks,obligations,andrisksamongthepublicandprivatepartnersinanoptimalway.ThepublicpartnersinaPPParegovernmententities,includingministries,departments,municipalities,orstate-ownedenterprises.TheprivatepartnerscanbelocalorinternationalandmayincludebusinessesorinvestorswithtechnicalorWhatarePublic-PrivatePartnerships?1ReadingmaterialTheterm“PublReadingmaterialfinancialexpertiserelevanttotheproject.Increasingly,PPPsmayalsoincludenon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs)and/orcommunity-basedorganizations(CBOs)whorepresentstakeholdersdirectlyaffectedbytheproject.

EffectivePPPsrecognizethatthepublicandtheprivatesectorseachhavecertainadvantages,relativetotheother,inperformingspecifictasks.Thegovernment’scontributiontoaPPPmaytaketheformofcapitalforinvestment(availablethroughtaxrevenue),atransferofassets,orothercommitmentsorin-kindcontributionsthatsupportthepartnership.Thegovernmentalsoprovidessocialresponsibility,environmentalawareness,localknowledge,andanabilitytomobilizepoliticalsupport.Theprivatesector’sroleinthepartnershipistomakeuseofitsexpertiseincommerce,management,operations,andinnovationtorunthebusinessefficiently.Theprivatepartnermayalsocontributeinvestmentcapitaldependingontheformofcontract.WhatarePublic-PrivatePartnerships?2ReadingmaterialfinancialexpeReadingmaterialThestructureofthepartnershipshouldbedesignedtoallocateriskstothepartnerswhoarebestabletomanagethoserisksandthusminimizecostswhileimprovingperformance.PSPisatermoftenusedinterchangeablywithP