牛津譯林版8bunit7被動語態講解與練習牛津譯林版8bunit7被動語態講解與練習牛津譯林版8bunit7被動語態講解與練習資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月牛津譯林版8bunit7被動語態講解與練習版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發布日期：8B被動語態講解與練習一、概念：表示動作與主語之間是被動關系的句子是被動語態。二、主動語態與被動語態之間如何轉換。主動語態變為被動語態口訣:主變賓，賓變主，謂語變bedone,時不變,“be”要隨著主語變.三、各種時態的被動語態的構成1.一般現在時：主語+be（is/am/are）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態

①Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.______________________________________________________________________②TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.______________________________________________________________________③TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.______________________________________________________________________④TheygrowriceinSouthChina.______________________________________________________________________⑤People

use

metal(金屬)

for

making

machines.______________________________________________________________________⑥Wheredopeopleplantthetrees______________________________________________________________________2.一般過去時：主語+be（was/were）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態

①The

wind

blew

down

the

big

tree

last

night.______________________________________________________________________②MysistertookthesephotosontheGreatWall.______________________________________________________________________③Theybuiltmanytallbuildingsintheirhometownlastyear.______________________________________________________________________④Whendidyouinventthestrangemachine______________________________________________________________________3.一般將來時：主語+will+be(不變形)+過去分詞done+其它或主語+begoingto+be(不變形)+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態

①Theywillbuildanotherbridgeinthecitynextyear.______________________________________________________________________②WillyouholdasportsmeetinginyourschoolnextFriday____________asportsmeeting____________________inourschoolnextFriday③Theyaregoingtoinvitealotofpopstarstothecharityshowthisevening.Alotofpopstars___________________________________tothecharityshowthisevening.④Wearenotgoingtoholdaparents’meetingtomorrow.Aparents’meeting_________________________________________tomorrow.4.含情態動詞：主語+情態動詞+be（不變形）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態①AmycantakegoodcareofTina.______________________________________________________________________②You

can

find

a

lot

of

differences

between

the

two

languages.

______________________________________________________________________③They

should

collect

money

for

the

project.______________________________________________________________________④We

can

finish

the

work

in

two

days.______________________________________________________________________⑤We

must

water

the

flowers

every

day.四、使用被動語態的注意點：1.感官動詞、使役動詞等在主動語態中后接不帶to動詞不定式變成被動語態時要加上“to”即：----see/hear/noticesb.dosth.變為了sb.beseen/heard/noticedtodosth.----let/make/havesb.dosth.變為了sb.belet/made/hadtodosth.把下列句子改為被動語態①Thebossmakestheworkersworkallday.______________________________________________________________________②Ioftenhearhersingintheroom.______________________________________________________________________③I

saw

him

enter

the

readingroom

yesterday

afternoon.______________________________________________________________________④Daniel

saw

the

boy

run

yesterday.

______________________________________________________________________2.常見變被動的表達seesb.doingsb.beseendoinghearsb.doingsb.behearddoingwatchsb.doinsb.bewatcheddoingnoticesb.doingsb.benoticeddoingtellsb.todosb.betoldtodoasksb.todosb.beaskedtodoinvitedsb.todosb.beinvitedtodo把下列句子改為被動語態①Wesawthemplayingsocceroverthere.______________________________________________________________________②Heaskedmetobuysomesugar.______________________________________________________________________3.含有雙賓語的主動、被動轉換主語+謂語+間接賓語(sb)+直接賓語(sth)主語(sb)+bedone+直接賓語(sth)+bysb主語(sth)+bedone+to/for+間接賓語(sb)+bysb把下列句子改為被動語態①Wegaveourteacherssomeflowers.Ourteachers___________________________________________________________________Someflowers__________________________________________________________________②Mymotherwillbuymeanewcoat.I___________________________________________________________________Anewcoat___________________________________________________________________③Lily

sent

me

a

New

Year

card

last

week.I__________________________________________________________________Anewcard___________________________________________________________________4.主動語態中“動詞+介詞”或“動詞+副詞”的短語動詞變為被動語態時，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。要整體搬遷。把下列句子改為被動語態①Theylookafterthegirlwell.______________________________________________________________________②Heoftenlaughsatthepoorboy.______________________________________________________________________五、幾種不用被動語態的情況：1.不及物動詞（vi）沒有被動語態,直接用主動語態表示被動意義。如：happen,cost,die,fall,start/begin,rise,appear,disappear,etc.用括號所給動詞翻譯句子①這臺電腦花了我5000元。(cost)______________________________________________________________________②昨天他發生了一起事故。(happen)______________________________________________________________________③他爺爺3年前去世了。(die)______________________________________________________________________2.一些短語動詞相當于不及物動詞，沒有被動結構,直接用主動形式來表示被動意義。如：takeplace,setout,cometrue,breakout,breakdown,comeout,belongto等用括號所給動詞翻譯句子①我校運動會將在下周舉辦。(takeplace)______________________________________________________________________②我的自行車壞了。（breakdown完成時）______________________________________________________________________③Ihopethatyourdream___________(come)trueinthefuture.3.系動詞（linkingV）沒有被動語態（seem,look,become,get,grow,turn,remain,stay,sound,feel,smell,taste等）用括號所給動詞翻譯句子①這食物嘗起來味道很好。(taste)__________________________________________________②他的主意聽起來不錯。(sound)___________________________________________________③她的新裙子摸起來很柔軟。(feel)_________________________________________________4.有些動詞既是及物又是不及物，當他們與well,badly,easily等副詞連用時表示主語內在品質或性能，無被動形式。常見的動詞有read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean等用括號所給動詞翻譯句子①書很好賣。(sell)_______________________________________________________________區別：書在這家商店被賣出。______________________________________________________②這筆寫起來很順滑。(write，smoothly)_____________________________________________③這衣服很好洗。(wash)__________________________________________________________六、綜合練習A.用括號內所給動詞的正確形式填空。(請注意時態和語態兩個方面)'s

said(據說)

that

the

long

bridge______________（build）in

two

months．

language

_______the

most

widely_______（speak）in

the

world

year

a

large

number

of

trees______________（cut）down．4.

The

students

_____

often

_____(tell)

to

take

care

of

their

desks

and

chairs.

5.

The

old

man

is

ill.

He

______

(must

send)

to

the

hospital.

6.

Vegetables,

eggs

and

fruits_________

(sell)

in

this

shop.

7.

What

_______

knives

______

(make)

of

？

They_______________(make)

of

metal(金屬)

and

wood.

8.

Can

the

magazine

________

(take)

out

of

the

library？

9.

The

room

_____________

(clean)

by

me

every

day.

10.

The

stars

can’t

_____________

(see)

in

the

daytime.

11.

The

flowers

_______________

(water)

by

Li

Ming

yesterday.

12.

This

kind

of

shoes

__________

(sell)

well.

13.

How

long

_____

your

uncle

______(be)

in

the

city？

14.

The

food

_____________

(smell)

delicious.15.

Look!

Someone

__________(dance).B.按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。