書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-六盤水師范學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman,Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush'spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld'sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld'sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

2.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

3.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby’’mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Lines2-3,Paragraph5)?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Akindofoverlookedinequality

B.Atypeofconspicuousbias

C.Atypeofpersonalprejudice

D.Akindofbranddiscrimination

問題2選項

A.InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess

B.ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman

C.Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’names

D.Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize

問題3選項

A.questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B.alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

C.teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D.studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

問題4選項

A.Theyaregettingimpatient

B.Theyarenoisilydozingoff

C.Theyarefeelinghumiliated

D.Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles

問題5選項

A.PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated

B.VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism

C.Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytogo

D.Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問“作者提及AAAA汽車與Zodiac汽車的是什么？”。由

第二段第一句“IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.眾所周知，在顧客瀏覽他們的電話薄時，被稱為AAAA汽車的出租車公司比被稱為Zodiac汽車的出租車公司有大的優勢”與第一段第二句“Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.但是，一個潛伏的形式（即字母順序主義）繼續繁榮”確定A選項“一種被忽視的不平等”正確；

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘從前三段我們可以推斷出什么?’。由第一段中“Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.但是，一個潛伏的形式（即字母順序主義）繼續在繁榮”及第二段中“LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman不太為人所知的是AdamAbbott（即姓名以字母A開始的人）在生活中相比ZoeZysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）具有的優勢”可知生活中的這種現象常被人忽視，所以D選項“一些形式的歧視太隱約而不易引人注意”正確。A選項“無論在東方還是西方，名字對于成功都是必要的”、B選項“字母表對ZoeZysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）的失敗應負責任”和C項“消費者經常很關注公司的名字”均不符合文意，排除。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘第四段指出…’。由第四段第四句“Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.因此，近視的Zysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）小學生被困在后排，且很少被問到由那些麻木不仁的老師提出有啟發性的問題”確定C選項“教師應該關注自己所有的學生”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘作者所說的“大多數人都在打盹”是什么意思(第5段第2-3行)?’。由第五段中第三句“Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.求職面試名單、選票、會議發言者和參加人名單都傾向于按字母順序地被擬定，而它們的接受者卻在費力地閱讀它們時失去了興趣。”與第二句“Atuniversitygraduationceremonies在大學畢業的典禮”這個場景的對應確定B選項“他們正在鼾聲隆隆地打瞌睡”符合語境，正確。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘根據文章，下列哪個選項是正確的?’。全文圍繞“alphabetism字母順序主義”論述其帶來的各種偏見、歧視和不平等。如被稱為AAAA汽車的出租車公司比被稱為Zodiac汽車的出租車公司有大的優勢，近視的Zysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）小學生被困在后排，且很少被問到由那些麻木不仁的老師提出的啟發性的問題。”所以D選項“按照字母順序安放事情可能導致非故意的偏見”正確。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

Manypeoplequestionthestabilityofinternationalmarriages.Thishasalwayspuzzledme,becauseifyoustoptothinkaboutdivorceintheUSforamoment,youwillrecallthatmostofthemarriagesthatbreakuparebetweennative-bornAmericans.CertainlyIamnotawareofanystatisticsshowingahigherpropensitytodivorceinbi-nationalmarriagesthaninthemoreconventionalsort.Iseriouslydoubtthatthereisanymeaningfulrelationbetweenmaritalinstabilityanddifferencesinnationalityinsidemarriages.

Duringeachofthesepassages,howwefeelaboutourwayoflivingwillundergosubtlechangesinfourareasofperception.Oneistheinteriorsenseofselfinrelationtoothers.Asecondistheproportionofsafenesstodangerwefeelinourlives.Athirdisourperceptionoftime.Last,therewillbesomeshiftatthegutlevelinoursenseofalivenessorstagnation.Thesearethehazysensationsthatcomposethebackgroundtoneoflivingandshapethedecisionsonwhichwetakeactions.

Therearelotsofreasonstobeconcerned.Whenleadingpolicy-makersandeconomistsspeakabouttheboomingglobaleconomyandthebenefitsoffreetrade,theytoooftenignorethepeoplewhoarelosingout.TheCEOsofMicrosoftandBoeing,co-chairsoftheSeattleHostCommitteefortheWTOmeeting,areamongthewinners.Buttheformglobalizationhastakenhasincreasedthegapbetweenrichandpoornations.

【答案】

許多人質疑跨國婚姻的穩定性。這種質疑讓我覺得疑惑，因為如果你停下來想一想美國的離婚問題，你會想到大多數破裂的婚姻都是土生土長的美國人之間的。當然，我并不認為有任何統計數據可以表明，跨國婚姻比傳統婚姻更容易走向離婚。我對婚姻的不穩定和婚姻中的國籍差異之間是否有任何有意義的關系是十分懷疑的。

在這些變化和轉折中，我們對生活方式的感受會經歷四個感知領域的細微變化。第一，是我們內心對自己和他人的看法。第二，是我們在生活的各種威脅面前所具有的安全感。第三，是我們對時間的感知。最后，是我們對自己的精力和活力的直覺變化。這些都是朦朧的感覺，它們構成了我們生活的基調，并影響著我們采取行動前的各種決定。

這里有很多因素值得關注。當主要的決策者和經濟學家們談到蓬勃發展的全球經濟和自由貿易的好處時，他們往往忽視了那些失敗者。微軟和波音的首席執行官都是贏家，他們將聯合擔任這次世界貿易組織西雅圖會議接待委員會的主席。但已經形成的全球化形式增加了貧富國家之間的差距。

3.翻譯題

Aneweraisuponus.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceeconomy,theinformationage,theknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoafundamentalchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe'repartlythere.1.ThepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallendramaticallyintheWesternWorldToday.ThemajorityofjobsinAmerica,EuropeandJapan（twothirdsormoreinmanyofthesecountries）areintheserviceindustry,andthenumberisontherise.Morewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbefore.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employed.2.Butthebreadthoftheeconomictransformationcan’tbemeasuredbynumbersalone,becauseitalsoisgivingrisetoabasicnewwayofthinkingaboutthenatureofworkitself.Long-heldconceptsaboutjobsandcareers,theskillsneededtosucceed,eventherelationbetweenindividualsandemployers—allthesearebeingchallenged.

Wehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieahead.3.Noonelookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveforeseen,thewaysinsingleinvention,thechip,wouldtransformourworldthankstoitsapplicationsinpersonalcomputers,digitalcommunicationsandfactoryrobots.Tomorrow'sachievementsinbiotechnology,artificialintelligenceorevensomestillfactoryrobots.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnology,artificialintelligenceorevensomestillunimaginedtechnologycouldproduceasimilarwayofdramaticchanges.4.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmorevital,andthepeoplewhopossessit,whethertheyworkinmanufacturingorservices,willhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth.Computerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwrite.Theabilitytosolveproblemsbyapplyinginformationinsteadofperformingroutinetaskswillbevaluedaboveallelse.

5.Ifyoucastvourmindahead10years,informationserviceswillbepredominant.Itwillbethewayyoudoyourjob.

【答案】1.在今天的西方世界，靠制造東西謀生的人的比例已經大幅下降。美國、歐洲和日本的大多數工作（其中許多國家有三分之二或更多）都在服務業，而且這個數字還在上升。

2.但是，經濟轉型的廣度不能僅用數字來衡量，因為它也正在催生一種思考工作本質的基本新方式。人們長期以來對工作和職業的觀念、成功所需的技能，甚至個人與雇主之間的關系都在受到挑戰。

3.20年前，沒有人能夠預見到，由于芯片在個人電腦、數字通信和工廠機器人上的應用，單憑芯片這一發明就能改變我們的世界。

4.有一件事是肯定的:信息和知識將變得更加重要，擁有信息和知識的人，無論是在制造業還是服務業工作，都將擁有優勢并創造財富。計算機知識將成為與讀寫能力一樣的基本要求。

5.如果你預測未來10年的發展，信息服務業將占支配地位。它將是你工作的方式。

4.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Even,withextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonsasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s,butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojustunder50hoursbythestartofthe19305s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek;andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2088hoursperworker,comparedto1957fortheUnitedStatesand1646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopre-industrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasevidencethatthelengthoftheworkweekhasbeendecliningsincethenineteenthcentury?

問題1選項

A.Whypeopleinpre-industrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek

B.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries

D.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek

問題2選項

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.increasedsignificantly

D.decreasedsignificantly

問題3選項

A.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates.

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

問題4選項

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages

B.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers

C.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek

問題5選項

A.Thehalf-dayholiday

B.UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse

C.HenryFord

D.Germanmetalworkers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首先將前工業時代的周工時與工業革命時期的周工時進行比較，接著說明了不同年代周工時的變化。故D項“人們每周工作的時長發生了變化”正確。

2.細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞pre-industrialtimes定位到第一段“peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.前工業社會的人們每天花3到4個小時，或每周花20個小時做生活所必需的工作。然而，對每周工作量的現代比較始于工業革命（1760年至1840年），當時每周工作6天、每天工作10至12小時是常態。”據此可知19世紀每周的工作時間相比前工業時代有大幅增長。故C項正確。

3.細節事實題。由題干定位到第三段“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodernlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.20世紀30年代的經濟大蕭條帶來了工作分擔的概念，使人們可以到處尋找工作;在美國，每周工作時間降至35小時的現代最低點。”可知美國周工時下降的原因是一些人共同分擔一個工作。故D項正確。

4.細節事實題。由題干關鍵詞“FairLaborStandardsAct”定位到第三段“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.1938年，《公平勞動標準法》（FairLaborStandardsAct）規定，從1940年開始，每周工作時間不得超過40小時。從那以后，8小時工作制和5天工作制就成了美國的標準。”由此可知該法案設定每周40小時的工作時間的目的是給美國工人提出的一個工作標準，以此限定每周的工時。故C項正確。

5.細節事實題。文中有關“UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse”的內容出現在“In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.1926年，他宣布從今以后他的工廠將在星期六全天關閉。當時，福特受到了美國鋼鐵公司（UnitedStatesSteel）和西屋電氣公司（Westinghouse）等其他公司的批評，但這個想法受到了工人的歡迎。”由此可知這兩個公司不贊成福特周六不上班的想法。故B項不是自19世紀以來周工時削減的證據。答案B。

5.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachingtrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolforthe（）oflessons.

問題1選項

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項observation“觀察，監視”；B選項investigation“調查；研究”；C選項inspection“檢查；視察”；D選項examination“檢查；考試”。句意：在他們教師培訓的第一年，學生們會經常去當地學校……課程。根據句中teachingtraining教師培訓，學生身份會與認真觀察這一名詞更加相配，examination主要是為減少錯誤而進行檢查。故選A。

6.單選題

Theteacherlaidalotof____onpractice.

問題1選項

A.attention

B.focus

C.emphasis

D.word

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.attention注意B.focus關注

C.emphasis強調D.word詞語

【考查點】固定搭配

【解題思路】結合選項推測，原句語義為“這個老師非常重視實踐”，原文使用的表達為laidalotof____on。C選項emphasis“強調”符合搭配要求，其常用搭配為put/lay/placeemphasisonsth.“強調/重視某事”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項attention“注意”，常用搭配為pay/draw/attractattentionto，不符合原句搭配；

B選項focus“關注”，常用搭配為thefocusof/onsth.，不符合原句搭配；

D選項word“詞語”，不用于原文搭配。

【句意】這個老師非常重視實踐。

7.單選題

LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans（）.

問題1選項

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項unexpectedly“出乎意料地；意外地”；B選項unhappily“不幸地；遺憾地”；C選項untidily“不整潔地；凌亂地”；D選項unofficially“非正式地；非公認地”。句意：上星期天她突然來看我們。這個斜體短語的意思是……。outoftheblue“突然地，意外地”，與A選項詞義相符。

8.單選題

（

）onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgivehimasenseofinfinite.

問題1選項

A.Ifwalking

B.Walking

C.Whilewalking

D.Whenoneiswalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。此句中的主句的主語為mountains，所以邏輯主語和主句主語應不同。故排除A、B、C三項。D項正確。句意：當一個人在晴朗的天氣散步時，遠離城市喧囂，山脈會給他一種無限感。

9.單選題

Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto（）betweenblueandgreen.

問題1選項

A.separate

B.compare

C.contrast

D.distinguish

【答案】D

【解析】詞義辨析題。separate分離；compare比較；contrast對比；distinguish辨別。句意：色盲患者經常很難區分藍色和綠色。選項D正確。

10.單選題

Inmountainousregions,muchofthesnowthatfallsiscompactedintoice.

問題1選項

A.brokendown

B.embedded

C.compiled

D.compressed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在山區，大部分降雪被壓成冰。compacted意為壓實，壓緊。brokendown打破，折斷；embedded嵌入，植入；compiled編輯；compressed壓緊，壓縮。選項D與之意思相近。

11.單選題

Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone（

）fullyconsciousofhowmuchyouvaluehim.?

問題1選項

A.doyoubecome

B.thenyoubecome

C.thatyoubecome

D.haveyoubecome

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結構。本題結構為“Itis+強調部分+(that)其余部分…”強調句，這里強調的是時間狀語onlywhenyounearlylosesomeone，剩余的部分是主句，結構不需要倒裝。句意為：只有當你差點失去某個人，你才能充分認識到你是多么地在乎他。故選項C正確。

12.單選題

Theairportpolicewho（）thegirlconcludedthatshewasinnocentandhadn’tknownaboutthedrugs.

問題1選項

A.interrogated

B.shrouded

C.ratified

D.muffled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。interrogate“詢問”；shroud“遮蔽”；ratify“批準”；muffle“使聲音低沉，裹住，捂住”。句意：機場警察詢問了那個女孩，認為她是無辜的，她對毒品一無所知。選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

1.

問題1選項

A.About12pints.

B.About3pints.

C.About4pints.

D.About7pints.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.

M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.

Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?

【解析】細節題。男士說：Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening（我上周一共去酒吧4次，每晚喝3品脫啤酒），因此男士上周共喝了12品脫啤酒。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

人們都有追求幸福的權利，但對幸福的理解卻因人而異。絕大多數人認為幸福來自于健康的身體、愿望的實現和事業有成。正如經常發生的那樣，許多人在遇到痛苦時才意識到幸福的真正含義。

【答案】Peoplehavetherighttopursuehappiness,butdifferentpeoplehavedifferentunderstandingofhappiness.Mostpeoplebelievethathappinesscomesfromgoodhealth,wishfulfilmentandsuccessfulcareer.Asitoftenhappens,itisnotuntiltheysufferthatmanypeoplerealizethetruemeaningofhappiness.

15.單選題

Althoughmostbirdshaveonlyanegligiblesenseofsmell,theyhave（）vision.

問題1選項

A.vigorous

B.exact

C.acute

D.vivid

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項vigorous“有力的；精力充沛的”；B選項exact“準確的，精密的；精確的”；C選項acute“敏銳的；激烈的；尖聲的”；D選項vivid“生動的；鮮明的”。句意：盡管大多數鳥類只有微不足道的嗅覺，但是它們卻有敏銳的視覺。根據句意可知C選項正確。

16.單選題

Mathematicsaswellasothersubjects（

）ascience.

問題1選項

A.was

B.is

C.are

D.belongto

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如其它學科一樣，數學是一門科學。

語法題。考查主謂一致。名詞+aswellas/nolessthan/but/except/with/like+其他名詞做主語吋，謂語與第一個名詞一致。Mathematics(數學)為單數，故謂語動詞也應該用三單形式。此處是陳述事實,所以時態選用一般現在時。故選B。

17.單選題

Itishardtotellwhetherwearegoingtohaveaboomintheeconomyora（

）.

問題1選項

A.concession

B.submission

C.transmission

D.recession

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項concession“讓步，妥協”；B選項submission“屈服，投降，歸順”；C選項transmission“傳遞，傳播”；D選項recession“經濟衰退，經濟萎縮”。由whether...or...（是……還是……）可知空格處與boom（繁榮）所表示的意思相反，因此選D。句意：很難判斷我們將迎來經濟的繁榮還是衰退。

18.單選題

Tobe（

）withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.

問題1選項

A.frank

B.pertinent

C.mild

D.vivid

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。tobefrank為固定搭配，意為“老實說，坦率地說”。

句意：坦率地跟你說，我認為你拒絕合作是犯了一個可怕的錯誤。選項A正確。

19.翻譯題

贏家不會讓他們的生命局限在自己“理當”成為何種人的觀念中。事實上，他們順應天性行事。所以，他們不會費盡心思地裝模作樣，故作姿態、玩弄他人。他們十分清楚愛與裝愛，傻與裝傻，真才實學與故作高深之間的差別。贏家沒有必要藏在面具后面掩飾自己。

贏家不害怕獨立思考和運用自身的知識，他們既懂得辨別事實與想法，又不會裝作通曉一切。他們傾聽他人的意見，衡量他人的言論，最后得出自己的判斷。盡管贏家懂得尊重和敬佩他人，卻不會徹底為他人所限制、摧垮、束縛或嚇倒。

【答案】Winnersdonotdedicatetheirlivestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldbe.Infact,theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheirenergyputtingonaperformance,maintainingpretense,andmanipulatingothers.Theyareawarethatthereisadifferencebetweenbeinglovingandactingloving,betweenbeingstupidandactingstupid,betweenbeingknowledgeableandactingknowledgeable.Winnersdonotneedtohidebehindamask.

Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycanseparatefromopinionsanddon’tpretendtohavealltheanswers.Theylistentoothers;evaluatewhattheysay,butcometotheirownconclusions.Althoughwinnerscanadmireandrespectotherpeople,theyarenottotallydefined,demolished,bound,orawedbythem.

20.單選題

Iregret（）youthatIcan'tgotoHangzhouforavisitnextSundaywithyou,becauseI'vecaughtabadcold.

問題1選項

A.totell

B.telling

C.tell

D.havingtold

【答案】A

【解析】regrettodosth.指很遺憾要做某事；regretdoingsth.指很遺憾做過某事。根據句意可知,這里指很遺憾的告訴你...nextSunday,事情還沒有發生,所以選項A正確。

21.單選題

Shethoughtitcoulddonoharmto（）herescortabit,atleastonhistasteinwines.

問題1選項

A.complement

B.flatter

C.flatten

D.decorate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項complement“補足；補充”；B選項flatter“奉承；諂媚；使高興”；C選項flatten“擊敗；摧毀；使平坦”；D選項decorate“裝飾；布置”。句意：她認為，稍微奉承下她的陪同不可能帶來害處，至少在奉承其對葡萄酒的品味上不可能帶來害處。結合此處語境，B選項正確。

22.單選題

Sinceacirclehasnobeginningorend,theweddingringisacceptedasasymbolof（

）love.

問題1選項

A.successive

B.consecutive

C.eternal

D.insistent

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項successive“連續的，繼承的”；B選項consecutive“連貫的，連續不斷的”；C選項eternal“永恒的”；D選項insistent“堅持的，迫切的”。句子的前半句意思是“因為圓沒有起點和終點”，后半句是句子的主干部分，of后面由“love愛”組成所有格結構。這里需要填入一個形容詞，表示“永遠的，永恒的”才符合句子意思，句意為：因為圓沒有起點和終點，所以婚戒被當作永恒愛情的象征。故正確答案為C。

23.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttotherulersbyancientwriters,whorelatehowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregivenChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.

Theparable（寓言）ofthissemi-animal,semi?humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnaturesandthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.

Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andtheli-on,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist.Ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbeagoodone;butastheyarebad,andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegiti-mategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthem-selvestobedeceived.

1.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat（）.

2.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates（）

3.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare（）

4.Thefox,inthepassage,is（）.

5.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust（

）.

問題1選項

A.thetruthmakesmenfree

B.peoplecanprotectthemselves

C.princesarehuman

D.leadershavetobeconsistent

問題2選項

A.anyoneinpower

B.electedofficials

C.aristocrats

D.sonsofkings

問題3選項

A.tootrusting

B.reliantonforceonly

C.strongandpowerful

D.lackinginforce

問題4選項

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhiswiles

D.consideredworthless

問題5選項

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.followthetruth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理題。第一段指出：butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient，onemusthaverecoursetothesecond（只使用第一種方法是不夠的，還要使用第二種方法）。D選項“領導者必須始終如一”符合題意。

2.推理題。根據文章推斷,“Prince”指代的是A項“任何掌權的人”。

3.推理題。根據題干關鍵詞“lion”定位至第二段:...forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis，由此推測lion僅有力量但不能保護自己免入陷阱。因此B項正確。

4.推理題。根據題干關鍵詞“fox”定位至第二段：Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoact

asabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.由此可知，狐貍是狡猾的，而且作者對此持肯定態度。因此A項正確。

5.推理題。第二段指出：Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist…thosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest。因此作者認為，精明的領導者應該向狐貍學習，善于偽裝。B項正確。

24.單選題

Theyoungmanlikedthegracefulgirlnexttothedooratthefirstsight;thefeelingis（）,asthegirlsmiledslightlyathim.

問題1選項

A.mutual

B.visible

C.literal

D.inevitable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項mutual“相互的，彼此的”；B選項visible“明顯的，可見的”；C選項literal“文字的”；D選項inevitable“必然的，不可避免的”。句意：這個年輕人第一眼就喜歡門邊那個優雅的姑娘，這種感覺是相互的，因為那女孩對他也微微一笑。根據空格前后兩句的意思以及常識，可知男孩喜歡女孩，而女孩也微笑回應，他們互有好感，A選項mutual“相互的，彼此的”意思對應。因此A選項正確。

25.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

Theseconddesigninthisgreatcenturies—oldtraditionistoarguethatanyformofpublichelptothepooronlyhurtsthepoor.Itdestroysmorale.Itseducespeopleawayfromgainfulemployment.Itbreaksupmarriages,sincewomencanseekwelfareforthemselvesandtheirchildrenoncetheyarewithouthusbands.

（1）Thereisnoproofofthis—none,certainly,thatcomparesthatdamagewiththedamagethatwouldbeinflictedbythelossofpublicassistance.Still,thecaseismade—andbelieved—thatthereissomethinggravelydamagingaboutaidtotheunfortunate.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.

（2）Thethird,andcloselyrelated,designforrelievingourselvesofresponsibility,forthepooristheargumentthatpublic-assistancemeasureshaveanadverseeffectonincentive.Theytransferincomefromthediligenttotheidleandfeckless,thusreducingtheeffortofthediligentandencourag