書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-華北理工大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically“proved”byeconomiststhatthelawsofsocietymadeitnecessarytohaveavastarmyofpoorandjoblesspeopleinordertokeeptheeconomygoing.Today,hardlyanybodywoulddaretovoicethisprinciple.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatnobodyshouldbeexcludedfromthewealthofthenation,eitherbythelawsofnatureorbythoseofsociety.Theopinions,whichwerecurrentahundredyearsago,thatthepoorowedtheirconditionstotheirignorance,lackofresponsibility,areoutdated.InallWesternindustrializedcountries,asystemofinsurancehasbeenintroducedwhichguaranteeseveryoneaminimumofsubsistenceincaseofunemployment,sicknessandoldage.Iwouldgoonestepfurtherandarguethat,eveniftheseconditionsarenotpresent,everyonehastherighttoreceivethemeanstosubsist;inotherwords,hecanclaimthissubsistenceminimumwithouthavingtohaveany“reason.”Iwouldsuggest,however,thatitshouldbelimitedtoadefiniteperiodoftime,let’ssaytwoyears,soastoavoidtheencouragingofanabnormalattitudewhichrefusesanykindofsocialobligation.

Thismaysoundlikeafantasticproposal,butso,Ithink,ourinsurancesystemwouldhavesoundedtopeopleahundredyearsago.Themainobjectiontosuchaschemewouldbethatifeachpersonwereentitledtoreceiveminimumsupport,peoplewouldnotwork.Thisassumptionrestsonthefallacyoftheinherentlazinessinhumannature.Actually,asidefromabnormallylazypeople,therewouldbeveryfewwhowouldnotwanttoearnmorethantheminimum,andwhowouldprefertodonothingratherthanwork.

However,thesuspicionsagainstasystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimumarenotgroundlessfromthestandpointofthosewhowanttouseownershipofcapitalforthepurposeofforcingotherstoaccepttheworkconditionstheyoffer.Ifnobodywereforcedtoacceptworkinordernottostarve,workwouldhavetobesufficientlyinterestingandattractivetoinduceonetoacceptit.Freedomofcontractispossibleonlyifbothpartiesarefreetoacceptandrejectit;inthepresentcapitalistsystemthisisnotthecase.

Butsuchasystemwouldnotonlybethebeginningofrealfreedomofcontractbetweenemployersandemployees,itsprincipaladvantagewouldbetheimprovementoffreedomininterpersonalrelationshipsineverysphereofdailylife.

1.Peopleusedtothinkthatpovertyandunemploymentweredueto（）.

2.Nowitiswidelyacceptedthat（）.

3.Thewriterarguesthatasystemofsocialinsuranceshould（）.

4.Accordingtothewriter,asystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimum（）.

問題1選項

A.theslowdevelopmentoftheeconomy

B.thepoorandjoblesspeople’sownfaults

C.thelackofresponsibilityonthepartofsociety

D.thelargenumberofpeoplewhowerenotwell-educated

問題2選項

A.thepresentsystemofsocialinsuranceshouldbeimproved

B.everybodyshouldbegrantedaminimumofsubsistencewithoutany“reason”

C.everybodyhastherighttoshareinthewealthofthecountry

D.peoplehavetochangetheirattitudetowardsthepoor

問題3選項

A.providebenefitsforthesick,oldandunemployed

B.encouragepeopletotakeonmoresocialobligations

C.guaranteeeveryonetherighttobeemployed

D.provideeveryonewiththerighttoaminimumsubsistenceforacertainperiod

問題4選項

A.demandstoomuchfromsociety

B.makesfreedomofcontractimpossible

C.helpspeopletakeinterestintheirwork

D.helpsbringaboutchangesintherelationshipamongpeople

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Peopleusedtothinkthatpovertyandunemploymentweredueto______.1.過去，人們認為貧窮和失業是因為______。

A.theslowdevelopmentoftheeconomyA.經濟發展緩慢

B.thepoorandjoblesspeople’sownfaultsB.窮人和失業者自己的錯誤

C.thelackofresponsibilityonthepartofsocietyC.社會責任的缺失

D.thelargenumberofpeoplewhowerenotwell-educatedD.大量沒有受過良好教育的人

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據第一段第四句“一百年前流行的觀點認為窮人的處境是由于他們的無知和缺乏責任感，現在這種觀點已經過時了”，可知，過去，人們認為貧窮和失業是因為窮人和失業者自己的無知和缺乏責任感，B項符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“經濟發展緩慢”和D項“大量沒有受過良好教育的人”沒有提到，無中生有；

C項“社會責任的缺失”太片面，以偏概全。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.Nowitiswidelyacceptedthat______.2.現在人們普遍認為______。

A.thepresentsystemofsocialinsuranceshouldbeimprovedA.現行的社會保險制度應該得到完善

B.everybodyshouldbegrantedaminimumofsubsistencewithoutany“reason”B.每個人都應該在沒有任何“理由”的情況下獲得最低生活保障

C.everybodyhastherighttoshareinthewealthofthecountryC.人人都有分享國家財富的權利

D.peoplehavetochangetheirattitudetowardsthepoorD.人們必須改變對窮人的態度

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據題干定位至第一段第三句“現在人們普遍認為（Itisgenerallyacceptedthat），無論是自然法則還是社會法則，都不應該把任何人排除在國家財富之外”，這也就是說，人人都有權利分享國家的財富。C選項符合題干。

【干擾項排除】

A項“現行的社會保險制度應該得到完善”和D項“人們必須改變對窮人的態度”沒有提到，無中生有；

B項“每個人都應該在沒有任何‘理由’的情況下獲得最低生活保障”，這是作者的觀點，屬于張冠李戴。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Thewriterarguesthatasystemofsocialinsuranceshould______.3.作者認為社會保險制度應該______。

A.providebenefitsforthesick,oldandunemployedA.為病人、老人和失業者提供福利

B.encouragepeopletotakeonmoresocialobligationsB.鼓勵人們承擔更多的社會責任

C.guaranteeeveryonetherighttobeemployedC.確保每個人都有就業的權利

D.provideeveryonewiththerighttoaminimumsubsistenceforacertainperiodD.使人人享有某時期最低生活保障的權利

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據第一段最后兩句“我想更進一步，認為即使沒有這些條件，每個人都有權利獲得生存手段；換句話說，他可以不需要任何‘理由’就主張最低限度的生存。然而，我建議，它應該被限制在一個確定的時間，比如說兩年，以避免鼓勵一種不正常的態度，拒絕任何社會義務。”，從中可知，作者認為在有限的時間內，每個人都可以領取最低生活保障且無需任何理由。D項符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“為病人、老人和失業者提供福利”，這不是作者的觀點，屬于張冠李戴；

B項“鼓勵人們承擔更多的社會責任”和C項“確保每個人都有就業的權利”在文中沒有提到，無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Accordingtothewriter,asystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimum______.4.據作者介紹，最低生活保障制度______。

A.demandstoomuchfromsocietyA.對社會要求太多

B.makesfreedomofcontractimpossibleB.使契約自由成為不可能

C.helpspeopletakeinterestintheirworkC.幫助人們對他們的工作產生興趣

D.helpsbringaboutchangesintherelationshipamongpeopleD.有助于改變人與人之間的關系

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據最后一段中的“……，它的主要好處將是改善日常生活各個領域的人際關系的自由（theimprovementoffreedomininterpersonalrelationshipsineverysphereofdailylife）”，從中可知，作者認為最低生活保障制度有助于改善人際關系。所以選項D符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A項“對社會要求太多”沒有提到，無中生有；

B項“使契約自由成為不可能”，原文倒數第二段最后一句提到“只有當雙方都能自由地接受和拒絕契約時，契約自由才有可能”，可知，使契約自由成為不可能的是“雙方不能自由地接受和拒絕契約”，與題干無關，屬于張冠李戴；

C項“幫助人們對他們的工作產生興趣”，文中并沒有提到最低生活保障制度能幫助人們對工作產生興趣，該項無中生有。

2.單選題

Wecannotalways（）thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.

問題1選項

A.hangon

B.holdon

C.counton

D.comeon

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。hangon“堅持下去，不掛斷”；holdon“堅持，繼續”；counton“指望，依靠”；comeon“開始”。句意：我們不能總是依靠風，所以新的風車應該設計得也能由水驅動。選項C符合題意。

3.單選題

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromdifferencesintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower,norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield:thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）

2.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT:（）

3.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartisticactivitytranscendslimitswith（）

4.Theauthorimpliesthataninnovativescientificcontributionisonethat（）

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldmostlogicallyconcludethelastparagraphofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular

D.resultofhighlycreativescientificactivity

問題2選項

A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?

B.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltraditionthatalsoincludedHandelandBach?

C.IsMozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?

D.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?

問題3選項

A.deepskepticism

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.moderateamusement

問題4選項

A.iscitedwithhighfrequencyinthepublicationsofotherscientists

B.isacceptedimmediatelybythescientificcommunity

C.doesnotrelegateparticularstotheroleofdata

D.introducesanewvalidgeneralization

問題5選項

A.UnlikeBeethoven,however,eventhegreatestofmoderncomposers,suchasStravinsky,didnottranscendexistingmusicalforms.

B.Insimilarfashion,existingmusicalformswereevenfurtherexploitedbythenextgenerationofgreatEuropeancomposers.

C.Thus,manyofthegreatcomposersdisplayedthesamecombinationoftalentsexhibitedbyMonteverdi.

D.Bycontrast,theviewthatcreativityintheartsexploitsbutdoesnottranscendlimitsissupportedinthefieldofliterature.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:根據第一段“Forthesciences...coherentways.”對于科學來說，新理論是創造行為的目標和最終結果。創新的科學產生新的命題，根據這些命題，不同的現象可以以更連貫的方式相互關聯。所以，選項D符合原文。

第2題:根據第二段的內容可知，只有選項D除了蒙特威爾第，還有誰寫的音樂，作者認為它體現了新的組織原則，具有很高的審美價值，這個在文中沒有提及。

第3題:根據第一段的最后兩句，具有高度創造性的藝術家所創作的美學細節，以一種創新的方式，擴展或利用現有形式的局限，而不是超越這種形式。由此推斷是持懷疑的態度，選擇A正確。

第4題:根據第一段“Innovativescience...anewtheory.”創新的科學產生新的命題，根據這些命題，不同的現象可以以更連貫的方式相互關聯。像明亮鉆石或筑巢的鳥這樣的現象被歸為數據的作用，作為形成或測試新理論的手段。選項D引入一個新的有效的推廣表述正確。

第5題:根據第二段的內容可以推斷出，選項B以類似的方式，現有的音樂形式被下一代偉大的歐洲作曲家進一步利用更能概括本段內容，所以，選項B正確。

4.單選題

Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth;whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases.Obesityisaworldwidephenomenon,affectingchildrenaswellasadultsandforcingallbutthepoorestcountriestodivertscarceresourcesawayfromfoodsecuritytotakecareofpeoplewithpreventableheartdiseaseanddiabetes.

Toreversetheobesityepidemic,wemustaddressfundamentalcauses.Overweightcomesfromconsumingmorefoodenergythanisexpendedinactivity.Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive.Marketeconomiesencouragethis.Theyturnpeoplewithexpendableincomeintoconsumersofaggressivelymarketedfoodsthatarehighinenergybutlowinnutritionalvalue,andofcars,televisionsets,andcomputersthatpromotesedentarybehavior.Gainingweightisgoodforbusiness.Foodisparticularlybigbusinessbecauseeveryoneeats.

Moreover,foodissooverproducedthatmanycountries,especiallytherichones,havefarmorethantheyneed—anotherirony.IntheUnitedStates,totakeanextremeexample,mostadults—ofallages,incomes,educationallevels,andcensuscategories—areoverweight.TheU.S.foodsupplyprovides3,800kilocaloriesperpersonperday,nearlytwiceasmuchasrequiredbymanyadults.Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaignsdirectedtowardschildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.Indeed,itisdifficulttothinkofanymajorindustrythatmightbenefitifpeopleatelessfood;certainlynottheagriculture,foodproduct,grocery,restaurant,diet,ordrugindustries.Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployarmiesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibitovereating.

1.Thegreatironyof21stcenturyglobalpublichealthrefersto（）.

2.Toaddressthefundamentalcauseoftheobesityepidemic,accordingtothepassage,is（）.

3.Aswecanlearnfromthepassage,thesecondironyrefersto（）.

4.Asaresultofthethirdirony,people（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeexcludedbasedonthepassage?

問題1選項

A.thecauseofobesityanditscounteractivemeasures

B.theinsufficientandsuperfluousconsumptionoffood

C.thescarcenaturalresourceandthenegligenceoffoodsecurity

D.theconsumptionoffoodandtheincreasedriskofdiet-relateddiseases

問題2選項

A.toimprovepoliticalandeconomicmanagement

B.tocopewiththeenergyimbalanceissue

C.tocombatdiet-relatedchronicdiseases

D.toincreaseinvestmentinglobalhealth

問題3選項

A.affluenceandobesity

B.foodenergyandnutritionalvalue

C.foodbusinessandeconomicprosperity

D.diseasesofcivilizationandpathologyofinactivity

問題4選項

A.consume3800kilocaloriesonadailybasis

B.complainaboutfoodoverproduction

C.havetoraisetheirfoodexpenses

D.aredriventowardsweightgain

問題5選項

A.Theeconomicdimension.

B.Thepoliticaldimension.

C.Thehumanedimension.

D.Thedietarydimension.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節事實題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章第一段“Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth;whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases”,這是21世紀全球公共衛生的一個巨大諷刺；雖然由于經濟不平等、政治腐敗或戰爭，數以億計的人缺乏足夠的食物，但還有數以億計的人體重過重，已增加了患與飲食有關的慢性疾病的風險。因此D選項符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity”,這種失衡的原因同樣具有諷刺意味：繁榮程度的提高，最后一段“Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployarmiesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibitovereating”，當人們吃得更多的時候，所有國家都繁榮昌盛，所有國家都雇傭成群的說客來阻止政府采取任何措施抑制過度飲食。由此可知，要解決肥胖的流行，要從經濟和政治方面進行管理。因此A選項符合題意。

3.細節事實題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive”,這種失衡的原因同樣具有諷刺意味：繁榮程度的提高。人們用額外的收入吃得更多，少做運動。由此可知，人們在變得富裕的同時，卻也有了肥胖癥同樣也是一種諷刺。因此A選項符合題意。

4.細節事實題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章最后一段“Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaignsdirectedtowardschildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.”，過多的食物迫使公司通過廣告、健康宣傳、新產品、更大的份量和針對兒童的活動來競爭銷售。食品營銷促進體重增加。由此可知，人們在這種食品過剩的大環境中，被迫攝入過多的熱量，最后體重增加。因此D選項符合題意。

5.細節事實題。文中并未涉及到人文維度。因此C選項符合題意。

5.單選題

______anypreviousexperience,Johndoesn’tstandachanceofgettingthatjob.

問題1選項

A.Nothaving

B.Nothavinghad

C.Havingnot

D.Havingnothad

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：約翰因為沒有相關經驗，沒有機會得到那份工作。句子前半部分是后半部分的現在分詞的否定形式是notdoing，A選項Nothaving符合題意，C選項用法錯誤。非謂語動詞不體現時態，B選項Nothavinghad是現在完成時，D選項用法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

Thetheoryputforwardbyafamousscholarataninternationalconferencecontradictsthe（）principlesofthesphereofarchitecture.

問題1選項

A.particular

B.precise

C.appropriate

D.proper

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:particular“專指的，特指的”；B:precise“清晰的；精確的；精細的”；C:appropriate“適當的”；D:proper“境界；限度；范圍”。句意：—位著名學者在一次國際會議上提出的理論與建筑領域的特定原則相矛盾。被修飾的名詞為“principles原理”，因此可知A為正確答案。

7.單選題

SanFranciscoclimbsandfallsovernumeroushills,whichprovides（

）viewsofthewidebayandtheGoldenGateBridge.

問題1選項

A.flashy

B.transient

C.breathtaking

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。flashy“浮華的；閃光的”；transient“短暫的；路過的”；breathtaking“驚人的；令人激動的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的；模棱兩可的”。句意：舊金山起伏著無數的山脈，這提供了驚人的海灣和金門大橋的景象。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutchangingtheirbodyshape,theyusuallyfocusonjustlosingweight.BooksandmagazinesaboutdietingareamongthemostpopularintheworlD.Dietingisanimportantpartofstayingfitandhealthy,butlosingweightbymeansofdietingtakestime;losingweighttoofastcancausegreathealthproblems.Dietingmeanschangingone'seatinghabitstoahealthierpattern,butmanywomenmistaketheconceptofdietingandthinkthatthelessoneeats,thebetter.Asaresult,theylosehealthaswellasweight.

Aerobicexerciseisamoderateintensityworkoutthat,overacertainperiodoftime,willimprovethebody'suseofoxygen.Nowadaysaerobicexercisehasbecomeaverytrendyworkoutamongyouths.Notonlyisperformingaerobicexerciseinteresting,butitisalsoverybeneficialforhealth.Therearedifferenttypesofaerobicslikejogging,swimming,kickboxing,fitnesswalking,inlineskating,bicycling,etC.Aerobicsstrengthenstheheartandlungs.Itisalsoespeciallypopularwithwomen.

Butneitherofthesetwomethods,dietingandaerobics,canhelpshapethebody.Todothisyouneedtobuildmuscle.So,ifafirmerandshapelierbodyisyourgoal,60percentofyourexerciseroutineshouldinvolvestrengtheningmoves,andonly30percentshouldbeaerobicexercises.

Foraproperbody-shapingroutine,youshouldplanthreestrength-trainingsessionsaweekwithweights.Useweightswhichareasheavyaspossiblewhilestillallowingyoutodo8to12repsofeachexercise.Doonetothreeexercisesforeachmusclegroups-forexample,chestandbiceps,orback,shouldersandtriceps.

Youshouldcombinethiswithfast-pacedaerobicsactivities,likeswimming,cycling,walking,running,orin-lineskating,planthreetofourworkoutsaweek,15to20minuteseach,increasingthepaceeachweek.

Asyoubuildmuscle,youmayfindthatyougainweightinspiteofallofyourcalorie-burningexercise.Don'tworry.It'sprobablymuscle,whichisdenserthanfat.Andmuscleisalsoacalorie-burningtissue.Withmoremuscle,youcanburnmorecalories,evenwhenyouarenotexercising.

Whenyouaretryingtobuildmuscle,youneedtwotothreeservingofproteinaday,butthemainpartofyourdietshouldbecarbohydrates.Andinordertogettheenergyyouneedforahigh-intensityworkout,youshouldeatsomething,especiallycarbohydrates,anhourorsobeforeyourworkout.

Whileweighttrainingwillfirmandshapeyourbody,ithasotherbenefitstoo.Itimprovesboneandmusclestrengthandburnscalories,leadingtoimprovedhealthandahigherqualityoflife.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutdieting?

2."Workouts"includeallthefollowingexcept（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthesuggestionsgiveninthepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.What'stheultimatepurposeofstrength-trainingwithweights?

問題1選項

A.Dietingisaboutchangingone'seatinghabits.

B.Dietingdoesnotnecessarilymeaneatinglessthanoneusedto.

C.Dietingdoesnotnecessarilymeanlosingweight.

D.Losingweightisboundtocausegreathealthproblems.

問題2選項

A.bicycling

B.dieting

C.weighttraining

D.aerobicexercise

問題3選項

A.Exerciseshouldbedoneforeachmajorgroupofmuscles.

B.Whenyoudoweight-training,theweightsyouuseshouldbeasheavyaspossible.

C.Goonaproperdietformuscle-building.

D.Muscle-buildingexerciseshouldbecombinedwithaerobicactivities.

問題4選項

A.Muscle-buildingexerciseresultsinweight-gaining,butthatisnotaproblemtoworryabout.

B.Musclehelpsonekeepfit.

C.Improvedmusclestrengthcanleadtoahigherqualityoflife.

D.Weight-traininghelpsshapeupyoubody.

問題5選項

A.Toincreasethepaceofyouraerobicexercise.

B.Toburnmorecaloriesandloseweight.

C.Tobuildmuscleandloseweight.

D.Toshapeyourbodyandmakeyourlifemoreenjoyable

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節判斷題。根據第一段的倒數第二句"Dietingmeanschanging...oneeats,thebetter."可知選項A和B均正確；根據第一段第三句的上半句"Dietingisanimportantpartofstayingfitandhealthy,..."可知選項C正確；根據第一段第三句的下半句"losingweighttoofastcancausegreathealthproblems."減肥過快會導致嚴重的健康問題。選項D缺少toofast這個條件,所以不正確。

2.細節判斷題。根據第三段的第一句"Butneitherofthesetwomethods,dietingandaerobics,canhelpshapethebody."可知dieting和workout是并列關系,并非包含關系。所以選項B正確。

3.細節判斷題。根據第四段的第二句"Useweightswhichareasheavyaspossiblewhilestillallowingyoutodo8to12repsofeachexercise."盡可能使用重的杠鈴,同時還能做8到12次的鍛煉。而不是選項B中所說的越重越好,所以選項B錯誤。

4.細節判斷題。根據末段的最后一句"Itimprovesboneandmusclestrengthandburnscalories,leadingtoimprovedhealthandahigherqualityoflife.".健康狀況的改善才能提髙生活質量,而不是增加肌肉力量,選項C本末倒置,所以錯誤。

5.細節判斷題。根據末段的最后一句"Itimprovesboneandmusclestrengthandburnscalories,leadingtoimprovedhealthandahigherqualityoflife."體能訓練的最終目的是改善健康狀況,從而提髙生活質量。所以選項D符合原文。

9.單選題

Youcannotimaginehow（）Ifeelwithmydutiessometimes.

問題1選項

A.overflowed

B.overthrown

C.overwhelmed

D.overturned

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你無法想象有時我對自己的職責感到多么不安。

考查動詞辨析。overflow使溢出，使泛濫；overthrow推翻，打倒，廢除；overwhelm制服，壓倒，使不知所措；overturn傾覆，廢除。因此C項符合句意，在此處表示“使不安”。

10.翻譯題

AlotoftheforeignerswhocometoBeijingarrivewithanxiety,thinkingthattheChinesearedistant.ButIthinktheyareveryaffable,muchliketheSpanish.Sure,theyspeakadifferentlanguage,havetheirownvaluesandcodesofbehaviorbutIdonotagreewiththeviewthattheyareverystand-offish.Onejusthastomakeanefforttoconnectandneverprejudge.

HasChinachangedmeasaperson?Well,Iwouldn’trememberhowIwasbeforebecauseIwassoyoungand30yearsisalongtime.ButIsupposecominghereopenedmyeyestoalotofthings.FromtheChineseIlearnttopersevereandtohavenolimitsforeffortandwork.I’vebeeninfectedbythat.ButIalsolearnttherelativityofthings:nothingiscompletelyandabsolutelygoodandnothingiscompletelyandabsolutelybad.And,yes,thevalueofwaiting,butalsothesenseofjumpingtowardsopportunity.IlearnedalotofthingsbutIcontinuetolearn.

EventhoughI’vebeenhereforalongtimeIwouldnotsayIhavetwoidentities,aSpanishoneandaChineseone.NaturallyIamSpanishbecauseIwasbornandraisedinBarcelona.Iamhereonlyasanobserver.AndIthinkitisgoodtobeassuch.Notasonewhodoesnotknowwherehisrightfulplaceisbutonewhoisinvolved.Ido,however,believeonecanbecomeChinesebecauseChinahasastrongforce.ButIdonotthinkI’deverbecomeChinese.IcanonlysaythatIcanarriveatunderstandingofwhatitistobeChinese.

【答案】很多初到北京的外國人覺得忐忑不安，認為中國人不夠熱情。但我認為他們非常友好，這點很像西班牙人。當然他們說著不同的語言，有他們自己的價值和行為準則，但我不同意把他們看成是冷漠的人。一個人只是必須通過努力才能實現溝通，而絕不要武斷。

中國有沒有改變我的為人之道呢？噢，我都記不得我曾經是個怎么樣的人，因為那時我是那么年輕，而30年是一段很長的時間。但我認為，我來這里見識了許多事情。我從中國人身上學到了百折不撓和不遺余力地工作。我被這些精神感染了。但我也學會了事物的相對性：凡事沒有絕對的好，也沒有絕對的壞。此外，是的，我還學會了等待的價值，還有把握機遇的意義。我學到了很多但我還將繼續學習。

盡管我在這里很長時間了，我不想說我具有兩種身份，一個西班牙人和一個中國人。本質上講我是西班牙人，因為我在巴塞羅那出生成長。我在這里只是作為一個旁觀者。而我認為這樣很好。不是作為一個不知自己確切身份的人，而是一個具有參與感的人。盡管我的確相信一個外國人有可能變成中國人，因為中國具有一種強大的力量。但我不認為我曾一度成為中國人，我只能說，我能夠理解怎樣才算是中國人。

11.單選題

Oneafternoonwhileshewaspreparingdinnerinherkitchen,AnnePeters,a32-year-oldAmericanhousewife,suddenlyhadseverepainsinherchestaccompaniedbyshortnessofbreath.Frightenedbythethoughtthatshewashavingaheartattack,Annescreamedforhelp.HerhusbandimmediatelyrushedAnnetoanearbyhospitalwhereherpainswerediagnosedashavingbeencausedbypanic,andnotaheartattack.

MoreandmoreAmericansnowadaysarehavingpanicattacksliketheoneexperiencedbyAnnePeters.BenjaminCrocker,apsychologistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,revealthatasmanyastenmillionadultAmericanshavealreadyexperiencedorwillexperienceatleastonepanicattackintheirlifetime.Moreover,studiesconductedbytheNationalInstituteofMentalHealthintheUnitedStatesdisclosethatapproximately1.2millionadultindividualsarecurrently

sufferingfromsevereandrecurrentpanicattacks.

Theseattacksmaylastforonlyafewminutes;some,however,continueforseveralhours.Thesymptomsofpanicattacksbearsuchremarkablesimilaritytothoseofheartattacksthatmanyvictimsbelievethattheyareindeedhavingaheartattack.

Panicattackvictimsshowthefollowingsymptoms:theyoftenbecomeeasilyfrightenedorfeeluneasyinsituationswherepeoplenormallywouldnotbeafraid;theysuffershortnessofbreath,experiencechestpains,aquickheartbeat,suddenfitsoftrembling,afeelingthatpersonsandthingsaroundthemarenotreal;andmostofall,afearofdyingorgoingcrazy.Apersonseizedbyapanicattackmayshowallorasfewasfourofthesesymptoms.

Therehasbeenalotofexplanationsastothecausesofpanicattacks.Manyclaimthatpsychologicalstresscouldbealogicalcause,butasyet,noevidencehasbeenfoundtosupportthistheory.However,studiesshowthatmorewomenthanmenexperiencepanicattacksandpeoplewhodrinkalotaswellasthosewhousedrugsaremorelikelytosufferattacks.

Itisreportedthatthereareatleastthreesignsthatindi